2024屆上海市部分區(qū)高三英語二模試題分類匯編：概要寫作（含答案）

PAGEPAGE22024屆上海市部分區(qū)高三英語二模試題分類匯編概要寫作2024屆上海市浦東區(qū)高考二模英語試題IV.SummaryWriting(10分)71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.PayingAllowancesforCompletingChoresThepracticeofpayingchildrenanallowancebecamepopularinAmericaabout100yearsago.Nowadays,Americankidsonaveragereceiveabout$800peryearinallowance.ButthevastmajorityofAmericanparentswhopayallowancetieittothecompletionofhousework.Althoughmanyparentsbelievethatpayinganallowanceforcompletingchoresbenefitstheirchildren,arangeofexpertsexpressedconcernthattyingallowanceverycloselytochoresmaynotbeideal.Infact,thewaychoresworkinmanyhouseholdsworldwidepointstoanotherway.SuniyaLuthar,apsychologist,isagainstpayingkidsforchores.Lutharisnotopposedtogivingallowances,butshethinksit’simportanttoestablishthatchoresaredonenotbecausetheywillleadtopayment,butbecausetheykeepthehouseholdrunning.Luthar’ssuggestedapproachtoallowanceiscompatiblewiththatofwriterRonLieber,whoadvisesthatallowancesbeusedasameansofshowingchildrenhowtosave,give,andspendonthingstheycareabout.“Kidsshoulddochores,”hewrites,“forthesamereasonadultsdo,becausethechoresneedtobedone,andnotwiththeexpectationofcompensation.”Thisargumenthasitscritics,butconsideringthewaychoresareundertakenaroundtheworldmaychangepeople’sthinking.ProfessorDavidLancyofUtahStateUniversityhasstudiedhowfamiliesaroundtheworldhandlechores.Atabout18monthsofage,Lancysays,mostchildrenbecomeeagertohelptheirparents,andinmanycultures,theybeginhelpingwithhouseworkatthatage.Theybeginwithverysimpletasks,buttheirresponsibilitiesgraduallyincrease.Andtheydothesetaskswithoutpayment.LancycontraststhiswithwhathappensinAmerica.“Wedenyourchildren’sattemptstohelpuntiltheyare6or7yearsold,”Lancysays,“whenmanyhavelostthedesiretohelpandthentrytomotivatethemwithpayment.Thesolutiontothisproblemisnottotrytousemoneyasastimulustodohousework,buttogetchildreninvolvedinhouseworkmuchearlier,whentheyactuallywanttodoit.”2024屆上海市虹口區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.WhyEar-wormsGetStuckinYourHeadWeallgetasensationwhenasong,fornoapparentreason,refusestoleaveyourhead–infactwe’renostrangerstothedreaded“ear-worm.”ButanewstudypublishedinPsychologyofAesthetics,CreativityandtheArtsrevealsafascinatinginsightintoear-worms,andwhysomesongsarebetterthanothersinstickinginourheadsbyinvestigatingtheactualelementsofthesongthatmakeitcatchyinthefirstplace.Todothis,mostfrequentear-wormsoftheparticipantswereenteredintoadatabaseandcomparedtosongsthathadneverbeenreportedasanear-wormatall.Themelodicfeaturesofthetuneswerethenanalyzed,revealingthatear-wormtunesweretypicallythosesongsthathaveoverallmelodicshapescommoninWesternpopmusic.Aclassicexampleofacommoncontour（音調(diào)的升降曲線）patternisheardinTwinkle,TwinkleLittleStar,wherethefirstphraserisesinpitchandthesecondfalls.Thismakesthetuneeasytorememberandhasbeenexploitedinmanyothernurseryrhymes,butalsoinpopmusic.Inadditiontothemelodicshape,theotheringredienttotheear-wormformulaistheunusualintervalstructure.Theaimofthisistosurpassthelistener’sexpectationsofanaveragepopsong,showingunexpectedleapsormorerepeatednotesthanusual.“Ourfindingsshowthatyoucan,tosomeextent,predictwhichsongsaregoingtogetstuckinpeople’sheadsbasedonthesong’smelodiccontent,”saysoneoftheresearchers,“Thiscouldhelpsong-writersoradvertiserswriteajingle（短歌）everyonewillrememberfordaysormonthsafterwards.”Theauthorsconcludethatstudiesofear-wormscanhelpexplainhowthebrainworks,andimproveourunderstandinginhowperception,emotions,memoryandspontaneousthoughtsbehaveindifferentpeople.2024屆上海市靜安區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ExploringtheAppealofVintageToday,theterm“vintage”appliestoalmosteverything.Vintageismorerecentthananantique（古董）whichisdefinedas100yearsoldormore.Itbasicallymeansrevivingsomethingold-fashionedorfilledwithmemories.Foranobjecttobeconsideredvintage,itmustbeuniqueandgenuineenoughtoretainatleastsomeofitsoriginalcharm.Webuyvintagebecauseitcreatesasenseofpersonalconnectionforus:itspeakstoourchildhoodmemoriesandthatfeelsgood.Wealsobuyvintagebecausewe’rerebels.Vintageisaprotestagainstmodernmainstreamculture.Inanageoftechnology,buyingvintageisarefugefromourfast-paced,high-techworld.Wewantourchildrentomakethemostoftheircreativityandknowhowtoentertainthemselveswithoutelectronicgadgets.Ironically,earlyvideogamesarenowconsideredvintage.Ofallthevintageobjects,vintagetoysareforeverattractiveforbothadultsandchildren.Althoughsometoyshaveemotionalvalue,othershavehighmarketvalueandareexpensivetocollect.Vintagetoysthatweremadeinsmallquantitiesoftenbringahighervaluethanthosethatweremassproduced.Thatmeans,ifyouownoneofthe2,000“Peanuts”royalbluebeaniebabyelephantsthatweremanufacturedwithadarkerbluecoatthanoriginallyintended,youmighthavesomethingvaluableonyourhands.Infact,duetoamanufacturererror,thisisthemostcollectiblebeaniebabyaround—andworthabout￡3,000.Ifyou’remotivatedandfeelinglucky,youcanfinddealsonvintagetoysbybrowsingcharityshops,secondhandstores,communitycenters,fleamarketsandgaragesales.Youneverknowwhatkindoftreasuresarehidingatthebottomofamixedboxinsomeone’sbasement,garageorattic.2024屆上海市徐匯區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheEvolutionofRobotics:AJourneyfromImaginationtoRealityThedevelopmentofrobotsrepresentsafascinatingjourneyfrommereimaginationtopracticalreality.Overtheyears,advancementsintechnologyandengineeringhavepushedtheevolutionofrobots,transformingthemfromsimplemechanicaldevicestocomplicatedmachinescapableofcopyinghumanbehaviorandperformingcomplextasks.Thehistoryofroboticsdatesbackcenturies,withearlyconceptsofmechanicalbeingsfoundinancientstoriesandlegends.However,itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatsignificantprogresswasmadeinthefieldofrobotics.Theappearanceofindustrialrobotsinthemid-20thcenturyrevolutionizedmanufacturingprocesses,leadingtoincreasedefficiencyandproductivityinfactoriesaroundtheworld.OneofthemostsignificantmilestonesinthedevelopmentofrobotswastheinventionoftheprogrammablerobotarmbyGeorgeDevolandJosephEngelbergerinthe1950s.Thisinnovationpavedthewayforthewidespreadadoptionofrobotsinindustrialsettings,wheretheycouldperformrepetitivetaskswithcorrectnessandaccuracy.Anothermilestonewastheintroductionofthefirstautonomousmobilerobot,Shakey,developedbyresearchersatStanfordResearchInstituteinthe1960s.Shakeydemonstratedthepotentialofrobotstonavigateandinteractwiththeirenvironmentautonomously,layingthefoundationforfutureadvancementsinrobotics.Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeeninstrumentalinpushingtheboundariesofrobotics.AI-poweredrobotsarecapableoflearningfromtheirexperiences,makingdecisions,andadaptingtonewsituations.Thishasenabledthecreationofsocialrobots,suchasPepperandSophia,whichcaninteractwithhumansinmeaningfulways.Inrecentyears,therehavebeensignificantadvancementsinrobotics,particularlyinareassuchasmedicalrobotics,autonomousvehicles,andhumanoidrobots.Medicalrobots,forexample,arebeingusedforminimallyinvasivesurgeries,precisionmedicationdelivery,andpatientcare.Autonomousvehiclesarerevolutionizingtransportation,withcompanieslikeTeslaandWaymodevelopingself-drivingcars.Meanwhile,humanoidrobotslikeBostonDynamics'Atlasarepushingtheboundariesofwhatrobotscanachieve,withcapabilitiessuchasdynamicmovementanddexterity.2024屆上海市青浦區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.LessSnowyWintersWintermightmeansnowballfightsinmanyplaces.Butthismightnotbethecaseformuchlonger.Whilemanypeoplearoundtheworldarecurrentlyexperiencingheavysnowfall,Earthisgettinglesssnowy—atrendthatisn’ttemporary.That’sbecausetheplanetisheatingupandwinteriswarmingfasterthananyotherseasoninAmerica.Thewaterfallingtoearthinwinterismorecommonlyfallingasraindropsthansnow.Withwaterfallingasraininsteadofsnow,andthenfreezing,someanimalsmaystruggletofeedongrassonfrozenground.Specieswithwhitecoatscouldbeathigherriskofbeingeatenasfood,whilepolarbearsmayhavefeweroptionstobuildtheirsnowyhabitations.Noteveryspeciescanadaptormovetosnowierclimates,whichmaycausetheextinctionofsomeanimals.Asairtemperatureswarm,treesreleasewaterintotheatmospherethroughaprocesscalledevapotranspiration,lossofwaterfromthesoil.Whentherehasn’tbeenmuchsnow,thesoilcan’treplacelostmoisture,andforestsexperiencemoreheatstress,makingseverewildfiresmorelikely.“Whenafiredoesspark,itrunsawayasfastaspossibleandburnsasmuchareaasitcan,”saysAndrewSchwartz,leadscientistatUCBerkeley’sCentralSierraSnowLaboratory.Forhumans,lesssnowfallis“problematicbecausesnowsuppliessomuchofourwater,”saysSchwartz.About1.9billionpeoplerelyonsnowpacksandbigmassoficefordrinkingwater.Snowonthemountainsactslikeanaturallakeusedtostorewater.Asitslowlymeltsintostreams,snowsupplieswaterthroughspringandsummer,whilerainflowsimmediatelydownstreamandcanbewasted.“Itbecomesmoredifficulttomanageourwaterwhenwehavethesewildswingsfromyeartoyear,”saysSchwartz.答案：2024屆上海市浦東區(qū)高考二模英語試題71.(60words)PayingchildrenallowancesforchoresisquitecommoninAmerica.However,criticsholdthatchoresarenecessaryforthemaintenanceofhouseholdandthattheyshouldn’tbetiedtopayment.Incontrastwithmanyothercultures,wherechildrenareinvolvedinhouseworkatearlyageswithoutpayment,criticsproposeAmericansshiftingfromfinancialincentivestointrinsicmotivationforhouseholdcontributions.2024屆上海市虹口區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題Astudydivesintothelingeringeffectofearworms.Bycomparingear-wormsandothersongs,researchersfindthatearwormssharecommonmelodicshapeseasytoremember.Besides,uniqueintervalstructuresincludingsurprisingleapsandrepeatednotesalsohelpformearworms.Toconclude,thestudymayhelpusunderstandthebrain’sworkingmechanismindifferentpeople.2024屆上海市靜安區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題Vintageitems,newerthanantiques,rejuvenateold-fashionedornostalgicitems,necessitatinguniquenessandgenuinecharm.Buyingvintagecanfosterpersonalconnectionsandreflectrebellionagainstmainstreamculture.Vintagetoysholdenduringappealforbothadultsandchildrenduetotheiremotionalandmarketvalue.Vintagetoyscanbediscoveredinvariousloacations,offeringopportunitiesfortreasurehunting.(57words)2024屆上海市徐匯區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷Roboticsdevelopmenthasbeendrivenbytechnologyandengineeringadvancements.Roboticsha