垃圾分類-2022高考英語閱讀理解熱點話題+體裁分類訓練(高考模擬+名校真題)

備戰(zhàn)2022高考英語閱讀理解熱點話題+體裁分類訓練

（高考模擬+名校真題）

專題03垃圾分類

Passage1

（2021?全國?高考真題）You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans一

between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplastic

straworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVbnWongwantsyoutoknowthatit

does.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheir

relationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled44Strawpocalypse,vapairof

10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfrom

severalvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlace

shoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggest

source（來源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeople

don'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotbe

recycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthat

someoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiesto

disappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（說明）aspecificstatistic:Every

60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“Truckloadof

Plastic,VbnWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,

whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped（傾倒）fromatruckallat

once.

VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheir

plasticfootprint.

1.WhatareVbnWong'sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

2.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?

A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.

B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.

C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.

D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.

3.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic,5haveonviewers?

A.Calming.B.Disturbing.

C.Refreshing.D.Challenging.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Artists5OpinionsonPlasticSafety

B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArt

C.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompanies

D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures

Passage2

（2021?黑龍江?大慶中學高三月考）IfthethreeRs（reduce,reuseandrecycle）isa

guidelinetosavetheplanet,garbage-sortingiswheretheeffortsstart.SinceMayI,Beijing

hasstartedtocarryoutmandatorygarbage-sortinginneweffortstobetterprotectthe

environment.Underthenewregulation,residentsarerequiredtoclassifyhouseholdwaste

intofourcategories:kitchen,recyclable,hazardousandotherwaste.Peoplewhofailtosort

theirgarbageproperlycanbefinedfrom50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.

SomeresidentialcommunitiesinBeijinghaveintroducedrewardstoencourageresidents

tosorttheirgarbage.AccordingtoXinhua,residentscanearnpointsbyclassifyingtheir

domesticwasteconectlyandthenexchangethepointstheyaccumulatefordailynecessities

suchassoap.

Garbagesortingpracticeshavereachedover70percentofhousingestatesin18cities,

includingShanghai,XiamenandHangzhou,accordingtotheMinistryofHousingand

Urban-RuralDevelopment.Shanghaifirstenactedamandatorygarbage-sortingregulationin

July2019andhashada90percentcompliance（月艮從）rateamongitshousingestates.

AccordingtoareportbytheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,over90percentof

thepublicbelievethatgarbage-sortingisimportantfortheprotectionoftheenvironment.

However,garbage-sortingisstillabigprobleminChina.Only30percentofparticipantssaid

theythinktheyarecompletelysortingtheirwaste,thereportnoted.AccordingtoXinhua,it's

partlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingnesstosorttheirownwaste.Also,someprevious

garbageregulationsdidn'tincludefinesforpeoplewhofailedtoobeythem.

“It'samusttohavealegalguaranteetopromotegarbagesorting,"LiuJianguo,a

professorfromTsinghuaUniversity,toldChinaDaily,"AsidefromChina,manycountries

likeGermany,SpainandBritain,alsoaskpeopletosortwasteintospecificcategories.In

Japan,thereisafixedtimeforthesortingofeachkindofgarbageandlittering.”

5.WhatcanwelearnaboutthenewregulationinBeijing?

A.Ithasn'tbeenputintouseyet.

B.Residentscansortthegarbageastheylike.

C.Peoplecangetmoneyiftheyclassifytheirdomesticwastecorrectly.

D.Thosewhocan'tsortthegarbageasthenewrulerequiresshallbefined.

6.WhafstheproblemingarbagesortinginChina?

A.Mostpeopleareunawareofitsimportanceinprotectingenvironment.

B.Somepeopledon'twanttotakethetroubletosortthegarbage.

C.Onlyresidentsinbigcitiescansortthetrashcorrectly.

D.Thegovernmentdoesn'thaveenoughmoneytosupportgarbagesorting.

7.WhatcanweinferfromLiuJianguo'swords?

A.It'sdifficulttocarryoutgarbagesortinginChina.

B.Somelawsingarbage-sortingareneeded.

C.Peopleindevelopedcountriescanbettersortthegarbage.

D.WeshouldlearnfromJapan.

8.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Garbagesorting,anewstartinChinaB.NewregulationsinBeijing

C.ArgumentongarbagesortingD.Howtosortdomesticgarbage

Passage3

（2021?北京工業(yè)大學附屬中學高三期中）Garbagecansarenotmagicalopenings.

Garbagedoesnotdisappearwhenyouthrowitinacan.Yet,theaverageAmericanthrows

awayabout1,600poundsofwasteeachyear.Iftherearenomagicalgarbagefairies,where

doesitallgo?Therearefourmethodsofmanagingwaste:recycling,landfilling,composting,

andincinerating.Eachmethodhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses.Let'stakeaquicklookat

each.

Recyclingistheprocessofturningwasteintonewmaterials.Forexample,usedpaper

canbeturnedintopaperboard,whichcanbeusedtomakebookcovers.Recyclingcanreduce

pollution,savematerials,andlowerenergyuse.Yet,somearguethatrecyclingwastesenergy.

Theybelievethatcollecting,processing,andconvertingwasteusesmoreenergythanitsaves.

Still,mostpeopleagreethatrecyclingisbetterfortheplanetthanlandfilling.

Landfillingistheoldestmethodofmanagingwaste.Initssimplestform,landfillingis

whenpeopleburygarbageinahole.Overtimethepracticeoflandfillinghasadvanced.

Garbageissqueezed（擠壓）togetherbeforeitisthrownintothehole.Inthiswaymore

garbagecanfitineachlandfill.Largelinersareplacedinthebottomoflandfillssothat

poisonousgarbageliquiddoesn'tgetintothegroundwater.Sadly,theselinersdon'talways

work.Landfillsmaypollutethelocalwatersupply.Nottomentionthatallofthatgarbage

smellshorrible.Nobodywantstolivenexttoalandfill.Thismakesithardtofindnew

locationsfbrlandfills.

Becauseofallthenegativeattentionthatlandfillinghasreceived,interestincomposting

hasgrown.Compostingiswhenpeoplepileuporganicmatter,suchasfoodwaste,andallow

ittodecompose.Theproductofthisdecompositioniscompost.Compostcanbeaddedtothe

soiltomakethesoilricherandbetterforgrowingcrops.

Onethingthatiseasiertodoisburninggarbage.Therearetwomainwaystoincinerate

waste.Thefirstistocreateorharvestafuelfromthewaste,suchasmethanegas（沼氣），and

burnthefuel.Thesecondistoburnthewastedirectly.Theheatfromtheincinerationprocess

canboilwater,whichcanpowersteamgenerators.Unfortunately,burninggarbagepollutes

theair.Also,somecriticsworrythatincineratorsdestroyvaluableresourcesthatcouldbe

recycled.

Usually,thecommunityinwhichyoulivemanageswaste.Onceyouputyourgarbagein

thatcan,whathappenstoitisbeyondyourcontrol.Butyoucanmakechoiceswhileitisstill

inyourhands.Youcanchoosetorecycle,youcanchoosetocompost,oryoucanchooseto

letsomeoneelsedealwithit.Thechoiceisyours.

9.Whydoestheauthormentionmagicalgarbagefairiesinthefirstparagraph?

A.Tocreativelysupporthisargumentwithevidence.

B.Topointoutthatgarbagedoesn'tdisappearbyitself.

C.Tomakethelanguagemoreattractivetopleasereaders.

D.Todrawattentiontodifferentkindsofgarbagethrownaway.

10.Whatcanweleamfromthepassage?

A.Somethinkrecyclingisawasteoftime.

B.Incinerationmaydestroyrecyclableresources.

C.Findingnewlocationsisthefocusoflandfilling.

D.Thepurposeofacompostpileistomakesoilrich.

11.Accordingtothepassage,landfilling.

A.involvesburyinggarbageinaholeB.reducesthehorriblesmells

C.squeezesgarbagetogetherD.protectsgroundwater

12.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Magic:BringingBackWhatWasOnceLost

B.Dealwiththegarbage:WhichisBestforYou?

C.MethodsofWasteManagement:AdvantagesandDisadvantages

D.DoYourPart:HowtoSavetheEarthbyRecyclingandComposting

Passage4

（2020?北京石景山?高三期末）Sorttrash,saveEarth

Youmightnotthinkmuchaboutwhereyourgarbagegoes.Butnowyoumightwantto

know.OnJuly1,Shanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy（垃圾分類政策）.People

thereneedtoputdifferentkindsofgarbageintodifferentbins.OthercitiesinChinawilldo

thesamesoon.

Whyisgarbagesortingabigproblem?It'sbecausethereistoomuchgarbagethesedays.

Itisbadforoursoil,airandwater.Actuallywecanmakeuseofsomegarbageagain.

Andfirst,weneedtosortourgarbage.Forexample,ifyouputanoldbatteryintothe

"harmfulwaste"bin,peoplecanuseittomakenewbatteries.Butifyoudon't,thebattery

willendupsomewhereelse.Then,itwillpollutetheenvironment.

Can'tfactoriessortgarbageforus?Yes,theycan.Butittakesmanyworkerstodothis

andcostslotsofmoney.Ifweallsortourowngarbage,thingswillbecomemucheasier.

Garbagesortingandrecyclingaroundtheworld

?Germany:Therearebigmachinesinsupermarkets.Youcanputbottlesinthemachines

andgetmoneyback.Youcangetonetotwoyuanperbottle.Peoplelikethisbecausetheycan

getmoneyandprotecttheenvironmentatthesametime.

?Japan:Atrashtruckcomestopeople'sdoorstopickuptheirgarbage.Itplaysmusic

whenit'scoming.Thereareeightormorekindsofgarbage.Ifyousortanyofthemwrong,

youwillgetanoticeonyourdoor.

?Indonesia:Peoplecantakebusesfbrfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobusstations.An

hour-longbusridecoststhreelargebottles,fivemediumbottlesor10plasticcups.Butthe

bottlesmustbeclean.

?Shanghai:FourkindsofgarbageinShanghai

Drygarbageis

HarmfulWetgarbage

Recyclableanythingyoucannot

garbageincludesusuallycomesfrom

garbageincludesputintotheother

lamps,batteries,nailthekitchen,suchas

paper,books,boxes,threebins.It

polish（指甲油）,food,vegetables,

newspapers,andincludespens,toilet

andotherthingswithflowers,leavesand

glassbottles.paper,tape,hair,and

harmfulchemicals.eggshells.

towels.

13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.ManyothercitiesinChinahavegarbage-sortingpolicies.

B.Manypeopledon'tlikeShanghai'sgarbage-sortingpolicy.

C.ShanghaiisthefirstcityinChinatomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.

D.Chinaisthefirstcountryintheworldtomakeagarbage-sortingpolicy.

14.Withthebatteryexample,thewritertriestotellus.

A.howtosortourgarbage

B.theimportanceofsortingourgarbage

C.whatharmfulwasteis

D.thedifficultyofsortingourgarbage

15.Whycan'tweaskfactoriestosortgarbage?

A.Becausewedon'thavethiskindoffactory.

B.Becausefactoriesaskfortoomuchmoney.

C.Becauseittakestoomanyworkerstodoit.

D.Becausenotallgarbagecangotofactories.

16.Inwhichcountrycanpeopletakebusesforfreeiftheygiveplasticbottlestobusstations?

A.Germany.B.Indonesia.C.Japan.D.China.

Passage5

（2021?江蘇宿遷?高三一模）IfyouliveinChina,mandatory（強制的）garbage

sortingiscomingtoacitynearyou.IntheUK,peoplehavebeensortingoutrubbishfora

while.Formostpeople,it?sjustsecondnaturetosortwasteathomebeforethrowingitinto

separatebins.

ButlikemostBritsandotherWesterners,Ihadnoideathatmostofourrecyclingusedto

gotoChinauntilthecountrybannedforeigntrashimportslastyea匚Withitsboomingmiddle

classofurbanconsumers,Chinahasitsownincreasingwasteproblemsthatiturgentlyneeds

todealwith.DuringChina'snewdrivetosortoutitstrashproblem,Iwaskeentoseewhat

Hangzhouwasdoingtogetresidentsready.

Itwassevena.m.whenIfirstgottowork,inalocalcommunitywhereresidentswere

headingouttowork,schoolorforamorningwalk.IwasjoinedbyLiuLianqun,a"garbage

guide^^nexttothelocaltrashsortingstation.Whenmanylocalsapproachedus,

enthusiasticallyholdingtheirgreenbagsgivenforfree,itwasuptoustogivethemakindbut

firmtelling-off.”Kitchenwasteisfooditemsonly!Notissues!Nopaper!Noplastic!”Some

peopletookouradvicewhileotherswereclearlyangryatbeingtoldwhattodo.Ifs

understandable.Ourrubbishcanbeverypersonalandsomethingthatwekeeptoourselves.

Anyattemptbyastrangertospyintoourbinbagsisgoingtobeunwelcome.ButLiuwas

veryoptimisticthatprogresswasbeingmade.

Inanothercommunity,Ifoundadifferentapproachtogarbagesorting—rewarding

residentswithpointsinreturnfortheirrecyclablewaste.ByscanningaQRcodethrougha

smartphoneapp,localscancollectpointsfortheircardboard,plasticbottlesandoldclothing,

andexchangethemforgoodsorcashinlocalshops.

Ifcommonpeoplecouldseetruckaftertruckpouringglass,paperandplasticinto

landfillwiththeirowneyes,theywouldlikelygivegarbageseparationalotmoreattention.

ForChina'sgarbageseparationcampaign,educationwillbeessentialinthelongterm.

17.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.ForeigntrashimportshavedonegreatharmtoChina.

B.Importsofforeigngarbagehavenotbeenbanneduptonow.

C.ResidentsinHangzhouarereadyforgarbagesorting.

D.MostoftheforeigngarbageinChinacomesfromBritain.

18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“telling-ofT“inparagraph3referto?

A.Carryingoutseverepunishment.B.Showingawarmwelcome.

C.Pointingouttheirmistakesseriously.D.Givingthemguidance.

19.Whyisitunderstandableforresidentstogetangryatbeingtoldhowtosortgarbage?

A.Becausethegreenbagsaregiventothemfreeofcharge.

B.Becauseresidentstheretendtobedefensivetowardsstrangers.

C.Becauseonlyfooditemscanbekeptinkitchenwastegarbagebags.

D.Becausethecontentsingreenbagsmayletoutpersonalinformation.

20.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Wealthhiddeninwaste

B.Lessgarbage,clearerenvironment

C.Morepoints,morerewards

D.Goodstartforgarbagesorting

Passage6

（2020?內蒙古包頭?高三期末）Recently,themostheatedtopicof“whichisthe

rightbinformygarbage^^hassweptChina.

ShanghaiisamongChina'sfirstcitiestointroducegarbageclassification（垃圾分類）

andalsothecountry'smostseriousinitsperforming.SinceJuly1,2019,Shanghairesidents

havebeenrequiredbylawtosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories,ortheycouldface

fines.Individuals,includingtourists,canbefined200yuanforfailingtosorttheirwaste

properly,whilecompaniesandinstitutionscanbefinedupto50,000yuan.

Thegovernmenthassetuponlineappstohandlesortingquestions,andannounced

guidelinestoaddressthe44one-size-fits-alF,method.Thecountryisabouttoinvestover21

billionyuanintheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilitiestomeetdemands.Nowit's

introducingartificialintelligenceintoitswastemanagementsystem,bysettinguplittle

camerasinmanysetsofbins.

However,noteveryfacecanberecognizedbythesmartdustbinuntilyouregisterforthe

system.Onceregistrationiscomplete,userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,whichthenopens

ituptoallowforgarbagedisposal（處￡電）.Now,eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodefor

throwingoutwaste.Here,theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,theyalso

helpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.

Chinaissteppingintotheageofcompulsorygarbagesortingwithitscitiesrevisinglaws

ongarbageclassification.ForShanghai,sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedtocarryout

garbagesortingbytheendof2019,and90percentby2020.Garbagesortingis,without

doubt,acostlybutworthwhileendeavor.Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandimportantforthe

country'ssustainabledevelopment(可持續(xù)發(fā)展),andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromising

industryaswell.

21.Whatisthecorrectorderinusingsmartgarbagesortingsystem?

①Gainrewards.

②Openupthebin

(3)Registerforthesystem.

④ScanaQRcodeonthebin.

A.③④②①B.④②③①

C.③①②④D.④③②①

22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endeavor“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Effort.B.Fashion.

C.Announcement.D.Decision.

23.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Theintelligentbinscanonlyshowgarbageweight.

B.ResidentshavetosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategoriesinShanghai.

C.Ifcompaniesforgettosorttheirwaste,theycanbefined200yuan.

D.Touristscanavoidbeingfinedforfailingtosorttheirwastecorrectly.

24.Whydoesourcountrypushaheadwithcompulsorygarbagesorting?

A.Tobuildagarbagesortingsystem.

B.Toincreasetheuseofartificialintelligence.

C.Topromotesustainabledevelopmentofenvironment.

D.Tosupporttheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilities.

Passage7

（2021.山東?濰坊一中高三一模）

I'msureyouallknowhowimportantrecyclingis.Recyclingiswhenyoutakeoldthings

andturnthemintonewthings.Itsoundslikemagic.Butit'sactuallyveryscientific.

Thefirstthingyouhavetodoistocollectitemsthatcanberecycled.Only

Materialcertainmaterialscanberecycled.Theseincludethingsmadeoutofpaper,metal,

glassandplastic.

Canyouthinkofeverydayitemsmadeofthesematerial?Sodacansaregood

example.Theyaremadeoutofmetal.Magazinesandnewspaperaremadeoutof

Daily

paper.Soarecerealboxes.Somebottlesofjuicearemadeoutofglass.Bagsand

things

yogurtcontainersaremadeoutofplastic.Therearemanythingsthatcanbe

recycled.

Thesethingsareusuallystampedwiththerecyclingloop.Ithas3arrowsthatgo

Loopinatriangular（三角形）circle.Thisshowsthatcycled（循環(huán)）continues.Itemsare

thrownawaybutcontinuetheirlivesassomethingelse.

Let'sgobacktotheprocessofrecycling.①Theitemsareputinarecycling

bin.②Atruckcarriestheitemstoarecyclingplant（工廠）.③Thematerialsare

Process

separatedandsquashed（被壓扁成）intosquarecubes.④Companiesbuyandturn

themintonewproducts.

25.Whatisrecyclingaccordingtothepassage?

A.It'samagicperformance.B.It'sawayofburningoldthings.

C.It'sawaytomakeoldthingsuseful.D.It'sascientificresearch.

26.Whichmaterialisnotmentionedinthepassage?

A.Rubber.B.Metal

C.Glass.D.Plastic.

27.The"3arrows"showsthattheitems

A.havesomevaluablestampsB.areinatrianglecircle

C.arerecycledandreusedD.arethrownaway

Passage8

（2020?黑龍江齊齊哈爾?高三二模）IfyouliveinShanghai,youmighthaveto

takea“l(fā)esson“insortinggarbage,asthecityrecentlyintroducednewgarbage-sorting

regulations.Ifsnowrequiredthatpeopleshouldsortgarbageintofourcategories,namely

recyclable,harmful,dryandwetwaste.However,ifpeoplefailtosorttheirgarbageproperly,

theycanbefinedupto200yuan.Morecitiesareintroducingsimilarregulations,following

thepracticeinShanghai.Bytheendof2020,garbage-sortingsystemswillhavebeenbuiltin

46majorChinesecities,includingBeijingandShenzhen,reportedPeople'sDaily.

AccordingtoastudybythePolicyResearchCenterforEnvironmentandEconomy,

undertheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,over90percentofthepublicbelievethat

garbagesortingisimportantfortheprotectionoftheenvironment.However,garbagesorting

isstillabigprobleminChina.Only30percentofparticipantssaidtheythinktheyare

adequatelysortingtheirtrash,thestudynoted.

AccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,it'spartlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingness

tosorttheirownwaste.Inthepast,somepreviousgarbageregulationsdidn'tgiveclearfines

forpeoplewhofailedtosortgarbage."It'samusttohavealegalguaranteetopromote

garbagesorting.^^LiuJianguo,aprofessorfromTsinghuaUniversity,toldChinaDaily.He

alsoadded“theimportanceofthenewregulationsinShanghaiistochangethepastvoluntary

actionintocompulsoryactionfbreveryone”

AsidefromChina,manyotherforeigncountrieshavealsointroducedgarbage-sorting

regulations.InJapan,wastesoilinghasbecomeabasicsurvivalskill,reportedXinhua.There

isafixedtimefordisposalofeachkindofgarbageandlitteringcanresultinhighfinesand

evenjailtime.InGermanytoo,peopleareaskedtosortwasteintospecificcategories,

reportedHuffPost.Forexample,inBerlin,peoplehaveyellowbinsforplasticandmetalsand

bluebinsfbrpaperandcardboard.

28.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?

A.Peoplewillbefinednotlessthan200yuan.

B.Shanghaiworksasapioneeringarbagesorting.

C.AllthecitiesusethesameregulationsasShanghai.

D.Poisonouswastebelongstofourcategoriesinsorting.

29.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Notallthepublicattachimportancetogarbagesorting.

B.Garbage-sortingsystemhavebeenbuiltin46majorcities.

C.PeopleinShanghaiaren'tfinedclearlyiftheyfailtosortgarbagenow.

D.PeoplemaybeputinprisonbecauseoflitteringinGermany.

30.WhatcanbeinferredfromLiuJianguo'swords?

A.Legalguaranteeisamusttopromotegarbagesorting.

B.Thereisagrowingconcernovergarbagesortingworldwide.

C.Hesupportsthelegalregulationsingarbagesorting.

D.Thesortingactionshouldbechangedfromcompulsorytovoluntary.

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HardtoRecycleAppropriately

B.SeriousWasteProblemsinBigCities

C.GarbageSortingPracticeinShanghai

D.ImportantRegulationsinShanghai

參考答案

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D

【分析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了藝術家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾制作了一個巨大的雕

塑作品，讓人們通過這個雕塑重新審視自己與一次性塑料制品的關系。此外他在2018的一

件作品“TruckloadofPlastic”說明了每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進入海洋。VonWong通過用塑

料垃圾制造巨型雕塑來喚醒和提高人們的環(huán)保意識。

1.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?Artist

BenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplastic

garbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.（但一根塑

料吸管或一個塑料杯真的有什么區(qū)別嗎？藝術家本杰明?馮?王（BenjaminVonWong）想讓你

知道，它確實如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視他們與一次性塑料產

品的關系。）”可知，VonWong用塑料垃圾制作的雕塑想讓人們重新審視與一次性塑料制品

的關系，由此可知他做這個雕塑的目的是為了引起公眾對塑料垃圾的關注。故選C項。

2.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebyno

meansthebiggestsource（來源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecause

mostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannot

berecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeone

usedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.（全

球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管絕不是最大的塑料污染源，但它們最近卻受到了抨

擊，因為大多數(shù)人不需要吸管喝飲料，而且由于它們體積小、重量輕，無法回收利用。馮?王

作品中的每一根吸管都很可能來自只喝了幾分鐘的飲料。一旦飲料消失了，吸管也要幾個世

紀才能消失。）“可知，吸管由于體積小，重量輕，無法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三

段討論吸管是為了展示它們回收的困難。故選A項。

3.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inapieceform2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（說明）a

specificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,

titled"TruckloadofPlastic/5VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000

piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped（傾倒）froma

truckallatonce.（在2018年的一個作品中，馮?王（VonWong）想要說明一個具體的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字：

每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進入海洋。這項名為“一卡車塑料”的作品，馮?王和一組志愿者收

集了一萬多塊塑料，然后把它們綁在一起，讓它們看起來像是同時從卡車上傾倒下來的。y

可知，這個作品以創(chuàng)新的方式讓人們了解到塑料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量傾入海洋，刷

新了觀眾對海洋塑料污染的認知，由此可推斷，這個作品會讓觀眾對塑料垃圾進入海洋造成

污染這件事感到不安。故選B項。

4.

標題判斷題。通讀全文，結合第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?

ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutof

plasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirre