山西省忻州市西張聯(lián)合學(xué)校高三英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

山西省忻州市西張聯(lián)合學(xué)校高三英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Withallthemembersmakinggreatefforts,thereisagrowing_____thattheproblemcanbesettledsoon.

A.interest B.concern C.preference D.optimism參考答案：D2.washed

A．filled

B．recognized

C．whispered

D．promised參考答案：D3.The_______aretentoonethatwe’llwinthematch. A.opportunities B.possibility

C.chances

D.ability參考答案：C4.ThedoctortoldKate’sparentslastweekthatshe________fromherkneeinjury.A.recovers

B.isrecoveringC.hasrecovered

D.wasrecovering參考答案：D試題分析：考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)前面told可知這里是一般過去時，所以排除A,B,C，只有選項(xiàng)D符合。句意：醫(yī)生告訴凱特的父母上個星期她正在從她膝蓋受傷的病痛中恢復(fù)。故選D。5.—Look,I’vegotadmissiontoHarvardUniversityforashort-termstudynextsemester.—Howfantastic!You_____adifferentuniversityLifethen.A.haveexperienced B.willbeexperiencingC_havebeenexperiencing D.willhaveexperienced參考答案：B6.—Hi，Lucy.Ihearyoufailedthedrivingtestlastweek.—Badluck！WhenIwantedtostopmycar，thebrakework.A.mustn't

B.won'tC.wouldn't

D.shan't參考答案：C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：—嗨,露西。我聽說你上星期的駕駛考試不及格?！姑?當(dāng)我想停下我的車時，剎車壞了。結(jié)合句意可知答案為C。7.Anewstudyindicatesthatbasicstepstakenbypeopledailycangoalongwayin____thegreenhousegasemission. A.cuttingdown

B.takingdown

C.pullingdown

D.breakingdown參考答案：A略8.There'sonlyone

forlearningoralEnglish:Practice.Youcan'timproveyouroralEnglishifyoudon'tspeak,justlikeyoucan'tlearnhowtoswimonthebed.A.reference B.recipe C.regulation D.request參考答案：B【詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：學(xué)習(xí)英語口語只有一個秘訣：練習(xí)。如果你不說，你就不能提高你的英語口語，就像你不能在床上學(xué)會游泳一樣。A.reference參考；B.recipe秘訣；C.regulation規(guī)則；D.request要求。根據(jù)句意知其講述了一個學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法，比較四個選項(xiàng)的意思。故選B項(xiàng)。9.Therewasanoilpainting_____inthecorner.It

______thereforseveraldays.A.laying;hadlaid

B.lain;hadlaid

C.lying;hadlain

D.laid;hadbeenlain參考答案：C10.Accordingtothenewestreports,personal_______ofgunsintheUSAcausesalotoftrouble.

A.matter

B.problem

C.possession

D.wealth參考答案：C11.—Ican’trepairtheseuntiltomorrow,I’mafraid．—That’sOK,there’s________．

A．noproblem

B．nohurry

C．nodoubt

D．nowonder參考答案：B．時間上不著急。12.Iamtoldthatthenewlawwillcomeinto_____onJanuary1stnextyear.A.effect

B.fashion

C.service

D.existence參考答案：A13.Thehousewassoldfor$60,000,whichwasfarmorethanitsreal_____.A.cost

B.value

C.price

D.money參考答案：B14.Mostmuseumsarejustforlooking.Buttodaysomeofthemhavethingsforyoutotouch.Thesignssay,"________!"

A.Betouching

B.Totouch

C.Dotouch

D.Notouch參考答案：C解析：根據(jù)語境提示是讓摸，因此選C，表示"一定要摸"。

15.—Doyouthinkanadvertisementisahelpwhenyoulookingforajob.—Well,itdepends.____,itgivesmeachancetotry.浙江省嵊泗中學(xué)2012屆高三第一次月考

A.Otherwise

B.Anyway

C.Somewhat

D.Therefore參考答案：B略16.Richardson

fromhisstudiesthatgenderequalityisstillalongwayoff.

A．a(chǎn)ccounted

B．concluded

C．resulted

D．confirmed參考答案：B17.Althoughthedriverwasbadlyhurt,he______explainwhathadhappened.A.could

B.wasableto

C.can

D.isableto參考答案：B二、新的題型18.Archbridgesareamongthemanyclassicarchitecturalworksthatyoucanseethroughouthistory,whichmanyofthemwereinspiredbyRomanEmpirearchitecture.ItissaidthattheearliestarchbridgeswerebuiltbytheancientGreeksandRomans.Soarchbridgescameintobeingthousandsofyearsago.Backthen,thesebridgesweremostlymadeofbricksorstones,andwerehighlypopular.Later,withtheindustrialrevolutionandtheintroductionofnewmaterials,otheradvancedbridgetypesanddesignswereintroduced.However,archbridgesarestillbeingused.Withtheintroductionofconcrete,steelandothernewmaterials,theirarchesarebuiltonamuchlargerscale.Archbridgesarecharacterizedbytheirarchesorcurveddesignsthatgivethemstrength.Asaresultofthiscurvingorbending,theloadforceisn’tpushedstraightdownwards,orrather,itiscarriedortransferredalongthearchcurvetothesupportsorabutments(橋墩)presentateachendofanarchbridge.Thissemi-circularstructurethusenablesahigherlevelofresistancetothebendingforcewhichmayhavealteredorchangedthebridge.Inotherwords,theforceactingonthebridgehorizontalisdistributedequally.Also,therearemanydifferentbuildingmaterialsforarchbridges.Theycanbebuiltusingawiderangeofmaterialsthatincludenaturaloneslikestones,bricks,etc.,aswellasman-madematerialslikereinforcedconcreteorsteel.Naturalorlocalmaterialsaidinsustainabilityandarestrongincompression.Inaddition,thesebridgestendtostrengthenwithincreasedusage.Ancientarchbridgeshadakeystone,whichwasonceputinanarchbridgeandcouldundergocompression,thusmakingthebridgestronger.Furthermore,theabutmentsalsohelpenhancethesustainabilityofthesebridges.Agreatdealofdeadweightisintroducedaboveeacharch,thussupportingloadsaswellasgainingstrength.Despitetheabovevariousadvantagesofthearchbridgestructure,there’realsomanydisadvantagesthatcannotbeignored.Forexample,thesebridgeshavealimitedspan(跨度)length.Thesizesofarchesandthematerialsusedcandeterminetheweightthatanarchbridgeiscapableofbearing.Suchbridgescanbebuiltonlyincertainsizes.Whennaturalmaterialsareusedforbuilding,additionalmaintenanceorcareisneeded.Thisisbecausetheimpactofwindforcedonthestructureorthewindloadcausesanarchbridgetobendandmove.Thus,frequentcarebecomesnecessary.Thismayfurthergiverisetoextramaintenancecosts.Archbridgeshavealongconstructiontime.Fortheproperandnormalfunctioningofthesebridges,theyhavetobebuiltinaparticularway.Thus,theirconstructionrequiresmoretime,mostlynoticedinthecaseofnaturalmaterials.Also,morelabormayberequired.Archbridgescanbeconstructedinonlycertainlocationswherethefoundationsonbothsidesaresolidandstable.Thisisbecausethistypeofbridgeneedsmoresupportfromitssides.Thereisnodoubtthatbyincorporating(把……融入)archesintothedesignofarchbridges,theyhavegainedsomedefiniteadvantages.However,nomatterhowfantastictheirdesignis,therearestillsomedrawbacksthatcannotbeavoided.Sowecanconcludethatthedecisionofhavinganarchbridgecanbemadebyconsideringtheaforementionedprosandcons.ArchbridgesGeneralintroduction

●Archbridgeshavebeenin___71___forthousandsofyears.●Theircommonbuildingmaterialsusedtobebricksandstones,andnowmanynewmaterialslikeconcreteandsteelhavebeenused,becauseofwhichthearchesarebuiltmore___72___.Pros

●Archbridgesarestrongthankstotheircurveddesigns,which___73___theloadforcebeingpushedstraightdownwards.●Thedesignsalsocontributetotheequal___74___ofthebendingforce,andthusthebridgesaremore___75___totheforce.●Diversematerialsusedtobuildarchbridgesare___76___.●Theapplicationofthesematerialsenablesthebridgestoundertakeheavypressure,thusmakingthem___77___.Theuseofthekeystoneandabutmentsmakethebridgesstrongerandmoredurable.Cons

Thespanlengthofanarchbridgeislimitedandhowmuchweightitcanbear___78___onitssizeandbuildingmaterials.Archbridgesrequiremaintaining___79___duetotheimpactofwindforcedonthem.Theconstructionofanarchbridgeisthe___80___ofmoretimeandlabor.Archbridgescanonlybelocatedwherethefoundationsonbothsidesaresolidandstable.conclusionWhenpeopledecidetobuildanarchbridge,theymustconsidertheaforementionedprosandcons.參考答案：71.existence72.massively73.prevent74.distribution 75.resistant76.available77.sustainable78.depends79.frequently/regularly80.consumption72.massively信息轉(zhuǎn)換題根據(jù)文中“onamuchlargerscale更大規(guī)模地”進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換=moremassively。73.prevent信息歸納題

根據(jù)文中“theloadforceisn’tpushedstraightdownwards”和后面的“beingpushed…”我們可以知道答案為prevent：preventtheloadforce(from)beingpushedstraightdownwards。74.distribution 信息轉(zhuǎn)換題

根據(jù)文中“Inotherwords,theforceactingonthebridgehorizontalisdistributedequally”句子中的“distributed”進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，結(jié)合空前的“equal”是形容詞，所以這兒應(yīng)該填其名詞的形式distribution。75.resistant

信息轉(zhuǎn)換題

根據(jù)文中“Thissemi-circularstructurethusenablesahigherlevelofresistancetothebendingforcewhichmayhavealteredorchangedthebridge”句子中的“resistance”進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，結(jié)合空前的“more”可知這兒要填的是形容詞resistant。76.available

信息歸納題

根據(jù)“Theycanbebuiltusingawiderangeofmaterialsthatincludenaturaloneslikestones,bricks,etc.,aswellasman-madematerialslikereinforcedconcreteorsteel.”的敘述說明建筑拱橋所能利用的材料很多?！癉iversematerialsusedtobuildarchbridgesareavailable(可獲得的)”與文章表述一致。77.sustainable

信息轉(zhuǎn)換題

根據(jù)文中“Naturalorlocalmaterialsaidinsustainabilityandarestrongincompression”句子中的“sustainability”進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，結(jié)合空前的“makingthem”可知這兒要用形容詞(sustainable)作“making”的賓語補(bǔ)足語。78.depends

信息歸納題

根據(jù)文中“Thesizesofarchesandthematerialsusedcandeterminetheweightthatanarchbridgeiscapableofbearing.”，結(jié)合空格后面的“on”我們可以得到答案為dependon(取決于，依賴)?！癶owmuchweightitcanbeardependsonitssizeandbuildingmaterials(拱橋究竟能夠承受多大的重量取決于橋的大小和建筑材料)”與文章表述一致。本題也可以從原文中的“determine決定”一詞得到提示。79.frequently/regularly

信息轉(zhuǎn)換題

根據(jù)文中“…Thus,frequentcarebecomesnecessary.Thismayfurthergiverisetoextramaintenancecosts”說明(由于自然界風(fēng)力的影響)對拱橋要經(jīng)?；蚨ㄆ谶M(jìn)行維護(hù)保養(yǎng)，結(jié)合空前的“maintaining”是動詞，所以這兒要用副詞(frequently/regularly)來修飾。80.consumption信息歸納題

根據(jù)文中“Thus,theirconstructionrequiresmoretime,mostlynoticedinthecaseofnaturalmaterials.Also,morelabormayberequired”進(jìn)行歸納?！癟heconstructionofanarchbridgeistheconsumptionofmoretimeandlabor.(建筑一座拱橋需要耗費(fèi)更多的時間和人力)”與文章表述一致。三、閱讀理解19.WhenGeoffMarcywas14,hisparentsboughthimatelescope.Everynight,hewouldgoontotheroofoutsidehiswindowtoseethewondersofthesky.

“Whatexcitedmemostwaswhethertherewereplanetsinothersolarsystemswherelifemightexist,”hesays.“IdecidedtotrytofindplanetsorbitingotherstarslikeourSun.”

Andhedid.“Myfellowresearcher,PaulButler,andIfoundourfirstplanetin1995,”Dr.Marcysays.“Weworkedfortenyearswithoutfindinganything!Butwestuckwithitandourpatiencepaidoff.”

Sincethen,thetwoscientistshavediscovered65ofthemorethan100planetsfoundorbitingotherstars.Dr.MarcyandDr.Butleralsospottedthefirst“family”ofthreeplanets.InJune2002theyannouncedanotherdiscovery:aJupiter-likeplanetorbitingstar55Cancri.

Atfirst,thetworesearchersfoundonlyplanetsthatorbitclosetostars.Recently,thescientistsfoundplanetsfartherout.Theplanetorbiting55Cancriisamajorbreakthrough:itisthefirstsightingofalargegasplanetaboutsamedistancefromthestarasJupiterisfromtheSun.

Whyisthisimportant?ScientiststhinkthatlifeonEarthmayexistbecauseoftwospecialfeaturesinoursolarsystem.ThefirstisJupiter.

“Becauseit’ssobig,Jupiterpullscometsandasteroids(小行星),ortheyallcomeandhittheEarth.”Dr.Marcyexplains.“WithoutJupiter,lifeonEarthwouldlikelyhavebeendestroyed.”

AsecondfeatureisthatEarthisarockyplanetwhereliquidwater,whichisnecessaryforlife,canexist.Unlikegasplanets,rockyplanetslikeEarthhavesurfaceswherewatercangatherinpoolsandseas,whichmaysupportlife.AhugespaceexistsbetweentheJupiter-like