人教版英語七年級下冊-Unit-4-Don't-eat-in-class-語法解析

Schoolrules1.Don’tarrivelateforclass.Youmustbeontime.2.Don’truninthehallways.3.Don’teatintheclassroom.Youmusteatinthedininghall.4.Don’tlistentomusicinclass.5.Don’tfight.Wecan’tRuninthehallways.在走廊里奔跑。→Don’truninthehallways！不準(zhǔn)在走廊里奔跑。

Wearhatsinclass.課堂上戴帽子?！?/p>

Don’t

wearhatsinclass!課堂上禁止戴帽子。Drawonthewall.在墻上亂畫。→Don’t

drawonthewall!禁止在墻上亂畫！

Grammar

祈使句（Do型）是表示請求、命令、叮囑、號召、勸告等的句子;通常省略主語you;祈使句的開頭是動詞原形。句末通常使用句號或感嘆號。祈使句有肯定和否定兩種,否定的祈使句是在動詞原形前(即句首)加Don't.Do型（實(shí)意動詞）動詞原形開頭。Sitdownplease.否定：前加Don’tDon’tsitdown.Be型Be開頭。Beagoodboy.否定：前加Don’tDon’tbeshy.Let型Let開頭。Lethimgo.否定：Don’tlet...Don’tlethimgo.Let...not...Lethimnotgo.用no開頭表禁止性的祈使句。Nofood.禁止外帶食物Notalking.禁止說話John:Hi,myname’sJohn.It’smyfirstdayatschool.Alice:Hi,John.I’mAlice.Thisisagreatschool,buttherearealotofrules.John:Really?Whataresomeoftherules?Alice:Well,don’tbelateforclass.Thisisveryimportant.那里有一些人，其中的一些是我的同學(xué)。對我們來說，學(xué)好英語很重要。John:OK,sowemustbeontime.Canwebringmusicplayerstoschool?Alice:No,wecan’t.Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.John:Isee.Alice:Oh,andwealsohavetobequietinthelibrary.must與haveto區(qū)別就翻譯而言，二者都可翻譯成“必須”，其后都是跟動詞原形。但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中，兩者有區(qū)別。must表示說話人主觀愿望。認(rèn)為“必須”做某事。must在句中也沒有任何事態(tài)和人稱的變化。e.g.Imustdomyhomeworkfirst.have

to

意思是“必須、不得不”,它側(cè)重于因?yàn)槟撤N客觀的原因而“不得不”做某事。haveto有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，在have上變化。e.g.Ihavetogetupat6:30onschooldays.否定形式:must的否定形式要換成needn’t（不需要）YoumustdoEnglishhomeworkfirst.Youneedn’tdoEnglishhomeworkfirst.你不需要先做英語作業(yè)。have

to的否定形式加助動詞：don’t

have

to(主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),用doesn’thaveto)如:Idon’thavetogetupearlyonweekends.Bob

doesn’t

have

to

wear

a

uniform.鮑勃不必穿制服。疑問句:must提前，回答時(shí)注意一二人稱的互換。肯定用must，否定用needn’t.e.g.--MustIgohomenow?--Yes,youmust.--No,youneedn’t.do

(does)＋主語＋have

to＋動詞原形+?回答與助動詞的一般疑問句一樣。Do

you

have

to

stay

at

home

on

weekends?

B:Yes,

I

do.

/

No,

I

don’t.

John:Hi,myname’sJohn.It’smyfirstdayatschool.Alice:Hi,John.I’mAlice.Thisisagreatschool,buttherearealotofrules.John:Really?Whataresomeoftherules?Alice:Well,don’tbelateforclass.Thisisveryimportant.那里有一些人，其中的一些是我的同學(xué)。對我們來說，學(xué)好英語很重要。John:OK,sowemustbeontime.Canwebringmusicplayerstoschool?Alice:No,wecan’t.Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.John:Isee.Alice:Oh,andwealsohavetobequietinthelibrary.takeA:Hi,Dave.Doyouwanttowatchthebasketballgameintheparkthisevening?B:I’dloveto,butIcan’tgooutonschoolnights.A:Oh,that’stoobad.B:Yeah,Ihavesomanyrules…A:Really?B:Yeah,Ican’tseemyfriendsonschooldaysandIhavetodomyhomeworkafterschool.I’dloveto用法：用來愉快地答應(yīng)對方的請求、提議或邀請，意為：我很想(愿意)。如：

A：Howaboutplayingtennis?打打網(wǎng)球怎么樣?

B：Yes.I’dliketo.好，我很愿意。2.用來委婉地提出自已的想法、希望或愿望(其后接名詞或不定式)，意為：我想...我要...

如：I’dlikeyoutomeetafriendofmine.我想讓你見見我的一個(gè)朋友。3.用作反語，表示氣憤或威脅(其后常接動詞see,know等)，意為：我倒想(看看或知道等)。

如：I’dliketoknowwhatshemeansbythat.我倒想知道她那樣說是什么意思。A:Whatotherrulerdoyouhave?B:Mmm…ImustpracticetheguitarbeforedinnerandthenIhavetodothedishesafterdinner.AndIcan’twatchTVintheevening.A:Oh.Well,Ihavetohelpmymommakedinnersometimes.A:Me,too.Ihavetohelpmymommakebreakfasteverymorning.B:AndImustcleanmyroomeverySaturday.A:Wow,youdohavealotofrules!=？DearDr.Know,Therearetoomanyrules!At6:00a.m.mymomsays,“Getupnowandmakeyourbed!”toomanyrules“太多的規(guī)定”,其中toomany用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)rules。e.g.Hehastoomanyfriendstomeet.修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),要用toomuche.g.Wehavetoomuchworktodo.muchtoo太……much用來增強(qiáng)語氣。后接形容詞或副詞。e.g.Heismuchtoofat.以后一個(gè)單詞為準(zhǔn)Afterbreakfast,mymomalwayssays,“Don’tleavethedirtydishesinthekitchen!”Afterthat,IruntoschoolbecauseIcan’tbelate.Atschool,wehavemorerules-don’tbenoisy,don’teatinclass.many與much的比較級，更多的。祈使句三種形式Afterdinner,Ican’trelaxeither.ImustreadabookbeforeIcanwatchTV.ButIhavetogotobedbefore10:00.Rules,rules,rules!It’sterrible!WhatcanIdo.Dr.Know?MollyBrown,NewYorkeither也。用于否定句和疑問句中。肯定句中用too表也。表“看”的單詞？watch，see，lookr，readDearMolly,Iknowhowyoufeel.Peoplealwaystellus,“Don’tdothis!”or“Youcan’tdothat!”Butthinkaboutit,Molly.Therearealotofthingsyoucando.Youcanplaybasketballonweekends.YoucanwatchTVafteryoureadabook.Parentsandschoolsaresometimesstrict，strictadj.嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的Heisastrictteacher.bestrictwithsb.對某人要求嚴(yán)格Themathteacherisstrictwithus.bestrictinsth.對某事要求嚴(yán)格Themathteacherisstrictinourhomework.butremember,theymakerulestohelpus.Wehavetofollowthem.Goodluck!Dr.Knowrememberv.記住，記起Ican’trememberhisname.remembertodosth.記得要去做某事，說明事情還沒有做。Remembertoclosethedoorwhenyouleave.rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事，說明事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生。Irememberseeinghimyesterday.keep+名詞/代詞+形容詞

意為“保持處于……狀態(tài)”

Wemustkeepourclassro