理念考研英語真題大合集

考研英語真題大合集歷年

2022年考研英語真題答案及詳細(xì)解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)

foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWER

SHEET1.(10points)

Peopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackground

informationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.Atfirstglancethis

mightseemlikeastrengththat_1_theabilitytomakejudgments

whichareunbiasedby_2_factors.ButDrSimonsohnspeculated

thataninabilitytoconsiderthebig_3_wasleading

decision-makerstobebiasedbythedailysamplesofinformation

theywereworkingwith._4_,hetheorisedthatajudge_5_of

appearingtoosoft_6_crimemightbemorelikelytosend

someonetoprison_7_hehadalreadysentencedfiveorsixother

defendantsonlytoforcedcommunityserviceonthatday.

To_8_thisidea,theyturnedtheirattentiontothe

university-admissionsprocess.Intheory,the9ofan

applicantshouldnotdependonthefewothers10

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randomlyforinterviewduringthesameday,butDrSimonsohn

suspectedthetruthwas11.

Hestudiedtheresultsof9,323MBAinterviews_12_by31

admissionsofficers.Theinterviewershad_13_applicantsona

scaleofonetofive.Thisscale_14_numerousfactorsinto

consideration.Thescoreswere_15_usedinconjunctionwithan

applicant'sscoreontheGMAT,astandardisedexamwhichis

_16_outof800points,tomakeadecisiononwhethertoaccept

himorher.

DrSimonsohnfoundifthescoreofthepreviouscandidatein

adailyseriesofintervieweeswas0.75pointsormorehigherthan

thatoftheone_17_that,thenthescoreforthenextapplicant

would_18_byanaverageof0.075points.Thismightsoundsmall,

butto_l9_theeffectsofsuchadecreaseacandidatewouldneed

30moreGMATpointsthanwouldotherwisehavebeen_20_.

1.AgrantsBsubmitsCtransmitsDdilivers

2.AminorBexternalCcrucialDobjective

3.AissueBvisionCpictureDmoment

4.AAboveallBOnaverageCInprincipleDForexample

5.AfondBfearfulCcapableDthoughtless

6.AinBforCtoDon

7.AifBuntilCthoughDunless

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8.A.testB.emphasizeC.shareD.promote

9.A.decisionB.qualityC.statusD.success

10.A.foundB.studiedC.chosenD.identifled

11.A.otherwiseB.defensibleC.replaceableD.exceptional

12.A.inspiredB.expressedC.conductedD.secured

13.A.assignedB.ratedC.matchedD.arranged

14.A.putB.gotC.tookD.gave

15.A.insteadB.thenC.everD.rather

16.A.selectedB.passedC.markedD.introduced

17.AbelowBafterCaboveDbefore

18.AjumpBfloatCfluctuateDdrop

19.AachieveBundoCmaintainDdisregard

20.AnecessaryBpossibleCpromisingDhelpful

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthe

questionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Inthe2022filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,Miranda

Priestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistant

forimaginingthathighfashiondoesn'taffecther,Priestly

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explainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant'ssweater

descendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartments

storesandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtless

foundhergarment.

Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn't

bemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverishwoulddescribed

inOverdressed,EliazabethCline7sthree-yearindictmentof

“fastfashionw.Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnology

haveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,HM,andUniqloto

reacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.

Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequent

release,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-conscious

consumerstoseeclothesasdisposable-meanttolastonlyawash

ortwo,althoughtheydon'tadvertisethat-andtorenewtheir

wardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsat

dirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashion

cycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.

Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedto

designers.ForHMtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits

2,300-piusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wage

overseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,and

usemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

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Overdressedisthefashionworld'sanswerto

consumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan'sThe

Omnivore'sDilemma."Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,

fillsahungerandneed,yetisnon-durableandwasteful,“Cline

argues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsa

year-about64itemsperperson-andnomatterhowmuch

theygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.

TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,

aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont,whosince2022

hasmadeallofherownclothes-andbeautifully.ButasClineis

thefirsttonote,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;her

examplecan'tbeknockedoff.

Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortsto

curbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironment-includingHM,

withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline-Clinebelieveslasting

changecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitsthe

idealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfood

orinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshopping

moresustainablywhentheycan'taffordnotto.

21.PriestlJycriticizesherassistantforher

[A]poorbargainingskill.

[B]insensitivitytofashion.

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[C]obsessionwithhighfashion.

[D]lackofimagination.

22.AccordingtoCline,mass-maketlabelsurgeconsumersto

[A]combatunnecessarywaste.

[B]shutoutthefeverishfashionworld.

[C]resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements.

[D]shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently.

23.Theword“indictment”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestin

meaningto

[A]accusation.

[B]enthusiasm.

[C]indifference.

[D]tolerance.

24.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelase

paragraph?

[A]Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.

[B]Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.

[C]Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.

[D]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.

25.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?

[A]Satireonanextravagantlifestyle.

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[B]Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth.

[C]Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry.

[D]Exposureofamass-marketsecret.

Text2

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsare

wasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternet

age,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.By

watchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,

companiescanaim“behavioural“adsatthosemostlikelyto

buy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevalue

toadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisers

assumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioural

ads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2022AmericasFederalTradeCommission

(FTC)proposedaddingadonottrack(DNT)optiontointernet

browsers,sothatuserscouldtelladwertisersthattheydidnot

wanttobefollowed.MicrosoftsInternetExplorerandApples

SafaribothofferDNT;GooglesChromeisduetodosothisyear.

InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdwertisingAlliance(DAA)

agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespongingtoDNT

requests.

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OnMay31stMicrosoftSetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternet

Explorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhave

DNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.Getinga

DNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,although

somecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.Unabletotellwhether

someonereallyobjectstobehaviouraladsorwhethertheyare

stickingwithMicrosoft；sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignal

andpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Atterall,it

hasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNT

requests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.Ifitistryingtoupset

Google,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethe

norm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointfor

windows8-thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsother

productsfavourablywithGooglesonthatcountbefore.Brendon

LvJnc7h,M

Microsoftschiefprivacyofficer,bloggde:webelieve

consumersshouldhavemorecontrol.Coulditreallybethat

simple?

26.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioural”ads

helpadvertisersto:

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[A]easecompetitionamongthemselves

[B]lowertheiroperationalcosts

[C]avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

[D]providebetteronlineservices

27.“Theindustry”(Line6,Para.3)refersto:

[A]onlineadvertisers

[B]e-commerceconductors

[C]digitalinformationanalysis

[D]internetbrowserdevelopers

28.BobLiodiceholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

[A]manycutthenumberofjunkads

[B]failstoaffecttheadindustry

[C]willnotbenefitconsumers

[D]goesagainsthumannature

29.whichofthefollowingistureaccordingtoParagraph.6?

[A]DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose

[B]AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT

[C]DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers

[D]Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehaviouralads

30.TheauthorsattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidin

hisblogisoneof:

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[A]indulgence

[B]understanding

[C]appreciaction

[D]skepticism

Text3

Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsofthefuturewere

largely-thoughbynomeansuniformly-glowinglypositive.

Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leading

tolivesoffulfillmentandopportunityforall.

Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegaineda

deeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroid

striketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbe

temptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforward

to.

Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshows

thatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears-sowhy

shouldntwe?Takeabroaderlookatourspeciesplaceinthe

universe,anditbecomesclearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceof

survivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.Look

upHomosapiensintheRedListofthreatenedspeciesofthe

InternationalUnionfortheConversationofNature(IUCN),and

youwillread:ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidely

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distributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajor

threatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.

Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberof

researchersandorganisationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthat

question.Forexample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagship

projectamedicalclockthatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtime

thousandsofyearshence.

Perhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthy

timescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.Thepotential

evolutionoftodaystechnology,anditssocialconsequences,is

dazzlinglycomplicated,anditsperhapsbestlefttosciencefiction

writersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilitieswecan

envisage.ThatsonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anew

publicationdedicatedtothenearfuture.

Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthat

wecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assooften,thepastholds

thekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthe

long-termpatternsshapingthehistoryoftheplanet,andour

species,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituationsin

whichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.

Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofour

prospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,the

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futureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughto

reducemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlier

humans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.

31.Ourvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredby

[A]ourdesireforlivesoffulfillment

[B]ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

[C]ourawarenessofpotentialrisks

[D]ourbeliefinequalopportunity

32.TheIUCN's"RedList“suggestthathumanbeing

are

[A]asustainedspecies

[B]athreatentotheenvironment

[C]theworld'sdominantpower

[D]amisplacedrace

33.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph5?

[A]Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies.

[B]Technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem.

[C]Theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise.

[D]OurImmediatefutureishardtoconceive.

34.Toensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto

[A]exploreourplanet'sabundantresources

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[B]adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld

[C]drawonourexperiencefromthepast

[D]curbourambitiontoreshapehistoty

35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]UncertaintyaboutOurFuture

[B]EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies

[C]TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind

[D]Science,TechnologyandHumanity

Text4

Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedout

muchofArizonasimmigrationlawMonday-amodestpolicy

victoryfortheObamaAministration.Butonthemoreimportant

matteroftheConstitution,thedecisionwasan8-0defeatforthe

federalgovernmentandthestates.

Anarizona.UnitedStates,themajorityoverturnedthreeofthe

fourcontestedprovisionsofArizonascontroversialplantohave

stateandlocalpoliceenfourfederalimmigrationslaw.The

ConstitutionalprinciplesthatWashingtonalonehasthepowerto

establishauniformRuleofAnturalizationandthatfederallaws

precedestatelawsarenoncontroversial.Arizonahadattemptedto

fashionstatepolicethatrantotheexistingfederalones.

13/30

JusticeAnthonyKennedy,]oinedbyChiefJusticeJohn

RobertsandtheCourtsliberals,ruledthatthestateflewtooclose

tothefederalsun.Ontheoverturnedprovisionsthemajorityheld

thecongresshaddeliberatelyoccupiedthefieldandArizona

hadthusintrudedonthefederalsprivilegedpowers

However,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbe

allowedtoverifythelegalstatusofpeoplewhocomeincontact

withlawenforcementThat,sbecauseCongresshasalways

envisionedjointfederal-stateimmigrationenforcementand

explicitlyencouragesstateofficerstoshareinformationand

cooperatewithfederalcolleagues.

TwoofthethreeobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoandClarence

Thomas-agreedwiththisConstitutionallogicbutdisagreedabout

whichArizonarulesconflictedwiththefederalstatute.Theonly

majorobjectioncamefromJusticeAntoninScalia,whoofferedan

evenmorerobustdefenseofstateprivilegesgoingbacktothe

alienandSeditionActs.

The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturesonwhatJustice

SamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“ashockingassertion

assertionoffederalexecutivepower”.TheWhiteHouseargued

thaArizona'slawsconflictedwithitsenforcementpriorities,

evenifstatelawscompliedwithfederalstatutestotheletter.In

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effect,theWhiteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateany

otherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.

Somepowersdobelongexclusivelytothefederal

government,andcontrolofcitizenshipandthebordersisamong

them.ButifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheir

ownresourcestocheckimmigrationstatus,itcould.ltcould.lt

neverdidso.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthat

becauseitdidntwanttocarryoutCongresssimmigration

wishes,nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.EveryJustice

rightlyrejectedthisremarkableclaim.

36.ThreeprovisionsofArizonasplanwereoverturned

becausethey

[A]deprivedthefederalpoliceofConstitutionalpowers.

[B]disturbedthepowerbalancebetweendifferentstates.

[C]oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigrationlaw.

[D]contradictedboththefederalandstatepolicies.

37.OnwhichofthefollowingdidtheJustices

agree,accordingtoParagraph4?

[A]Federalofficers'dutytowithhold

immigrants'information.

[B]States'independencefromfederalimmigrationlaw.

[C]States'legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement.

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[D]Congress'sinterventioninimmigrationenforcement.

38.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thattheAlienand

SeditionActs

[A]violatedtheConstitution.

[B]underminedthestates'interests.

[C]supportedthefederalstatute.

[D]stoodinfavorofthestates.

39.TheWhiteHouseclaimsthatitspowerofenforcement

[A]outweighsthatheldbythestates.

[B]isdependentonthestates'support.

[C]isestablishedbyfederalstatutes.

[D]rarelygoesagainststatelaws.

40.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

[A]ImmigrationissuesareusuallydecidedbyCongress.

[B]Justicesintendedtocheckthepowerofthe

Administrstion.

[C]Justiceswantedtostrengthenitscoordinationwith

Congress.

[D]TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.

PartB

Directions:

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Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.

ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist

A-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextra

choices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.Markyouranswers

onANSWERSHEET1.(1Opoints)

Thesocialsciencesareflourishing.Asof2022,therewere

almosthalfamillionprofessionalsocialscientistsfromallfieldsin

theworld,workingbothinsideandoutsideacademia.According

totheWorldSocialScienceReport2022,thenumberof

social-sciencestudentsworldwidehasswollenbyabout11%every

yearsince2000.

Yetthisenormousresourceinnotcontributingenoughto

today；sglobalchallengesincludingclimatechange,

security,sustainabledevelopmentandhealth.(41)Humanity

hasthenecessaryagro-technologicaltoolstoeradicatehunger,

fromgeneticallyengineeredcropstoarificialfertilizers.Here,too,

theproblemsaresocial:theorganizationanddistributionoffood,

wealthandprosperity.

(42)Thisisashame一thecommunityshouldbegrasping

theopportunitytoraiseitsinfluenceintherealworld.To

paraphrasethegreatsocialscientistJosephSchumpeter:thereisno

radicalinnovationwithoutcreativedestruction.

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Today,thesocialsciencesarelargelyfocusedondisciplinary

problemsandinternalscholarlydebates,ratherthanontopicswith

externalimpact.

Analysesrevealthatthenumberofpapersincludingthe

keywordsenvironmentalchangedor“climatechange”

haveincreasedrapidlysince2022,(43)

Whensocialscientistsdotacklepracticalissues,theirscopeis

oftenlocal:Belgiumisinterestedmainlyintheeffectsofpoverty

onBelgiumforexample.Andwhetherthecommunityswork

contributesmuchtoanoverallaccumulationofknowledgeis

doubtful.

Theproblemisnotnecessarilytheamountofavailable

funding(44)thisisanadequateamountsolongasitisaimed

intherightdirection.Socialscientistswhocomplainaboutalack

offundingshouldnotexpectmoreintoday'seconomicclimate.

Thetrickistodirectthesefundsbetter.TheEuropeanUnion

Frameworkfundingprogramshavelonghadacategoryspecifically

targetedatsocialscientists.Thisyear,itwasproposedthatsystem

bechanged:Horizon2022,anewprogramtobeenactedin

2022,wouldnothavesuchacategory,Thishasresultedinprotests

fromsocialscientists.Buttheintentionisnottoneglectsocial

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science;rather,thecompleteopposite.(45)Thatshouldcreate

morecollaborativeendeavorsandhelptodevelopprojectsaimed

directlyatsolvingglobalproblems.

[A]Itcouldbethatweareevolvingtwocommunitiesof

social

scientists:onethatisdiscipline-orientedandpublishingin

highly

specializedjournals,andonethatisproblem-orientedand

publishing

elsewhere,suchaspolicybriefs.

[B]However,thenumbersarestillsmall:in2022,about1,600

ofthe

100,000social-sciencespaperspublishedgloballyincluded

oneofthese

Keywords.

[C]theideaistoforcesocialtointegratetheirworkwith

othercategories,includinghealthanddemographicchangefood

security,marineresearchandthebio-economy,clear,efficient

energy;andinclusive,innovativeandsecuresocieties.

[D]thesolutionistochangethemindsetoftheacademic

community,andwhatitconsiderstobeitsmaingoal.Global

challengesandsocialinnovationoughttoreceivemuchmore

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attentionfromscientists,especiallytheyoungones.

[E]Theseissuesallhaverootcausesinhumanbehavior.all

requirebehavioralchangeandsocialinnovations,aswellas

technologicaldevelopment.Stemmingclimatechange,for

example,isasmuchaboutchangingconsumptionpatternsand

promotingtaxacceptanceasitisaboutdevelopingcleanenergy.

[F]Despitethesefactors,manysocialscientistsseem

reluctanttotacklesuchproblems.AndinEurope,someareupin

armsoveraproposaltodropaspecificfundingcategoryfor

social-scienceresearchandtointegrateitwithincross-cutting

topicsofsustainabledevelopment.

[G]Duringthelate1990s,nationalspendingonsocial

sciencesandthehumanitiesasapercentageofallresearchand

developmentfunds-includinggovernment,highereducation,

non-profitandcorporate-variedfromaround4%to25%;inmost

Europeannations,itisabout15%.

PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtranslation

shouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)

Itisspeculatedthatgardensarisefromabasicneedinthe

individualswhomadethem:theneedforcreativeexpression.

20/30

Thereisnodoubtthatgardensevidenceanimpossibleurgeto

create,express,fashion,andbeautifyandthatself-expressionisa

basichumanurge;(46)Yetwhenonelooksatthephotographsof

thegardencreatedbythehomeless,itstrikesonethat,foralltheir

diversityofstyles,thesegardensspeakosvariousother

fundamentalurges,beyondthatofdecorationandcreative

expression.

Oneoftheseurgeshadtodowithcreatingastateofpeacein

themidstofturbulence,a"stillpointoftheturningworld,“to

borrowaphrasefromT.S.Eliot.(47)Asacredplaceofpeace,

howevercrudeitmaybe,isadistincdyhumanneed,asopposedto

shelter,whichisadistinctlyanimalneed.Thisdistinctionisso

muchsothatwherethelatterislacking,asitisfortheseunlikely

gardens,thefoemerbecomesallthemoreurgent.Composureisa

stateofmindmadepossiblebythestructuringofone'srelation

toone'senvironment.(48)Thegardensofthehomelesswhich

areineffecthomelessgardensintroducefromintoanurban

environmentwhereiteitherdidn'texistorwasnotdiscernibleas

such.Insodoingtheygivecomposuretoasegmentofthe

inarticulateenvironmentinwhichtheytaketheirstand.

Anotherurgeorneedthatthesegardensappeartorespondto,

ortoarisefromissointrinsicthatwearebarelyeverconsciousof

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itsabidingclaimsonus.Whenwearedeprivedofgreen,ofplants,

oftrees,(49)mostofusgiveintoademoralizationofspiritwhich

weusuallyblameonsomepsychologicalconditions,untiloneday

wefindourselvesingardenandfeeltheexpressionvanishasifby

magic.InmostofthehomelessgardensofNewYorkCitythe

actualcultivationofplantsisunfeasible,yetevensothe

compositionsoftenseemtorepresentattemptstocallarrangement

ofmaterials,aninstitutionofcolors,smallpoolofwater,anda

frequentpresenceofpetalsorleavesaswellasofstuffedanimals.

Ondisplayherearevariousfantasyelementswhosereference,at

somebasiclevel,seemstobethenaturalworld.(50)Itisthis

implicitorexplicitreferencetonaturethatfullyjustifiestheuseof

wordgardenthoughina“l(fā)iberated"sense,todescribethese

syntheticconstructions.Inthemwecanseebiophilia-ayearning

forcontactwithnonhumanlife-assuminguncannyrepresentational

forms.

46.yetwhenonelooksatthephotographsofthegardens

createdbythehomeless,itstrikesonethat,foralltheirdiversityof

styles,thesegardensspeakofvariousotherfundamentalurges

beyondthatofdecorationandcreativeexpression.

47.Asacredplaceofpeace,however,crudeitmaybe,isa

distincdyhumanneed,asopposedtosheltwhichisadistinctly

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animalneed.

48.Thegardensofthehomelesswhichareinefffect

homelessgardenintroducefromintoanurbanenvironment

whereiteitherdidn'texistorwasnotdiscernibleassuch

49.Mastofusgiveintoademoralizationofspiritwhichwe

usuallyblameonsomepsychologicalconditionsuntilonedaywe

findourselvesinagardenandfeeltheoppressionvanishasifby

magic

50.Itisthisimplicitorexplicitreferencetonaturethatfully

justifiestheuseofthewordgarden,thoughina“l(fā)iberated”

sense,todescribethesesyntheticconstructions.

SectionIIIWriting

PartA

51.Directions:

Writeane-mailofabout100wordstoaforeignteacherin

yourcollege,invitinghim/hertobeajudgefortheupcoming

Englishspeechcontest.

Youshouldincludethedetailsyouthinknecessary.

YoushouldwriteneadyontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthee-mail.Use

“LiMing“instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

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PartB

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowing

drawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly.

2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)

英語答案

1.A(grants)

2.B(external)

3.C(picture)

4.D(forexample)

5.B(fearful)

6.D(on)

7.A(if)

8.A(test)

9.D(success)

lO.C(chosen)

11.A(otherwise)

12.C(conducted)

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13.B(rated)

14.C(took)

15.B(then)