豐臺區(qū)2022-2023學年第一學期期末高三英語試題及答案

豐臺區(qū)2022?2023學年度第一學期期末練習

高三英語2023.01

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必先將答題卡上的學校、班級、姓名、準考證號用黑色字跡簽字筆填

寫清楚，并認真核對條形碼上的準考證號、姓名，在答題卡的“條形碼粘貼區(qū)”貼好

考條形碼.

生2.本次練習所有答題均在答題卡上完成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆以正確填涂方式將各

須小題對應(yīng)選項涂黑,如需改動,用橡皮擦除干凈后再選涂其它選項。非選擇題必須使

知用標準黑色字跡簽字筆書寫,要求字體工觸、字跡消

3.請嚴格按照答題卡上題號在相應(yīng)答題區(qū)內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在練

習養(yǎng)、儀珞紙上谷歌無效.

4.本練習卷滿分共100分,作答時長90分鐘。

筆試（共三部分100分）

第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，

并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Iwasluckyenoughtotestintothebesthighschoolinthecity.Butthencamemy1:Am

Igoodenough?Itwasaquestionthat2methroughmyfirstmonth,evenasIbegantosettle

in,evenasIgotusedtotheearlymorningwake-upsandmovingbetweenbuildingsforclass.

IknewIhadtoworktogroundmyself.Myearlieststrategyinvolvedkeepingquietandtrying

to3mynewclassmates.Whowerethesekidsanyway?Howdidtheylearninschool?AllI

knewwasthattheywerethesmartestkidsinthecity,obviously.4wasn'tIaswell?Hadn,tI

landedherebecauseIwassmartlikethem?ThetruthisthatIdidn'tknow.This5waslikea

deadlycellthatthreatenedtodivideanddivideagain,unlessIcouldfindsomewaytostopit.

Fortunately,myfirstroundofgradesturnedouttobe6,andsodidmysecond.Overthe

courseofmyfirsttwoyears,Ibegantobuildthesamekindof7I'dhadatmyprevious

school.Witheachlittleachievement,mydoubt8tookleave.

Ilovedanysubjectthatinvolvedwritingandlaboredthroughmath.Ihadclassmateswhowere

alwaysasteportwoaheadofme,whoseachievementsseemedeffortless,butItriednottoletthat

gettome.IwasbeginningtounderstandthatifIputinextrahoursofstudying,Icouldoften

9thegap.Iwasn'tastraight-Astudent,butIwasalways10andImadeprogress.

1.A.excitementB.satisfactionC.angerD.worry

2.A.freedB.doggedC.warmedD.guided

3.A.observeB.admireC.supportD.calm

4.A.OrB.SoC.ButD.For

高三英語第1頁（共9頁）

5.A.guessB.doubtC.interestD.risk

6.A.excellentB.averageC.differentD.unique

7.A.responsibilityB.friendshipC.confidenceD.teamwork

8.A.suddenlyB.frequentlyC.accidentallyD.slowly

9.A.closeB.noticeC.locateD.create

10,A.expectingB.tryingC.wonderingD.suffering

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在

給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

Garyisachildren'sbookauthor.Hefirstbecame11(interest)incartoonartwhenhe

wasachild.Heenjoyedwritingstoriesabouthischaractersandsharing12(they)with

others.However,hewasquitedisappointedwhentheadultspraisedhiscartoonworksjustoutof

politeness.13(improve)thisawkwardsituation,Garystartedwritingfunnystories.He

14(know)evenpoliteadultscouldnotpretendalaugh.

B

SavingnatureisattheveryheartofwhatwedoasWWF.Weprotectwildlife15many

reasons.Itisasourceofinspiration.Itboostsasenseofwonder.Itisfundamentaltothebalanceof

nature.Inourwork,WWFfocusesonsavingpopulationsofthemost16(importance)

speciesinthewild.Finally,byprotectingspecies,wesavethisbeautifulandirreplaceableplanet

17iscalledhome.

C

Schlossandherpartnersetouttofindout18peoplelikecertaincolorsmorethan

others.Theirstudiessuggestthatcolorpreference19(cause)byhowsomeonefeelsabout

objectsofthatcolor.Forexample,peopleoftenlikeblue20itremindsthemofclearskies

andcleanwater.Ontheotherhand,peopletendtoshyawayfrombrownbecausetheyarereminded

ofthefoodthathasgonebad.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上

將該項涂黑。

高三英語第2頁（共9頁）

A

Exploreyourworld—Mirthy

Onlineeventstohelpyoudiscover,learnandconnect

WhoisMirthy?

Mirthyisoneofthemostpopularwebsitesforonlineeventsandalreadylovedandtrustedby

morethan45,000people.Itwasdesignedtocreateaninclusivecommunitywherepeoplecanlearn,

share,andconnectwithothersthroughavarietyofeventsthatareactive,sociable,anduplifting.Ifs

allaboutfulfilmentandwellbeing.

Therearesomeonlineeventseachmonthtotry,fromcraftworkshops（手工工坊）tofitness

sessions.Forexample,accordingtooureventcalendar,thisweekyoucanattendgardeningclasses

andsinginglessons.Sowhetheryouhaveadesiretogetfitterortopickupanewskill-signingup

forclassesandeventswithMirthycouldbejustwhatyouhavebeenlookingfor.

Howdoesitwork?

SignupviatheonlineregistrationformatM.Thenyoucantakealookthroughthe

calendarofupcomingeventsandseewhattakesyourfancy.

Onceyouregisterforanevent,youwillthenreceivealinkonemailreadyforyoutojointhe

liveevent.Ifyourplanschangeandyoucan'tmakeit,youwillreceivealinkfora7-dayreplaythat

youcanwatchatatimethatisconvenientforyou!

Bestofall,ifscompletelyFREEtojoin

JoinMirthyforfreetoday,andyoucanenjoyany4eventseverymonth,forfree!Ifyou'reup

formore,thenyoucaneitherselectandbookadditionaleventsonapay-as-you-gobasis,normally

for￡2.99each,oryoucanupgradetothePremiummembershipgivingyoufullfreeaccesstoall

eventsforonly￡4.99permonth.

IfyouchoosetogoforthePremiummembership,there?snocontract.Yousimplyupgradeyour

membershipandyoucancancelanytime.

21.WhatcanpeopledoatMirthythisweek?

A.Makeartcrafts.B.Talkaboutfitnessexperience.

C.Learnsongs.D.Studywildplantsandanimals.

22.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMirthy?

A.Peoplecansignupfortheeventsonline.

B.Theeventscanbewatchedagainatanytime.

C.Peoplecanupgradetheirmembershipforfree.

D.Nomorethan4eventsareofferedeachmonth.

23.Whafsthemainpurposeofthispassage?

A.Tosharealifestyle.B.Torecommendawebsite.

C.Tointroduceonlineevents.D.Toexplainaregistrationprocess.

高三英語第3頁（共9頁）

B

Itwasaweekaftermymomhadpassedaway,andIdidn'tknowhowtogoonwithlife.So

whenIreceivedanemailfromafriendaboutaracebenefitingcancerresearch,Iignoredit.It

seemedtooclosetotheheart,ascancerwasthediseasethathadtakenmymotherawayfromme.

Butsomethingaboutmyfriend?swords一"Icanhelporganizethewholething”-stuckwithme.

Ifeltobliged（有義務(wù)的）toagree.Intheweekstocome,Imanagedtore-entertheworldoftheliving.

Icheckedourteam'swebsitedaily,feelingproudeachtimeadonationtickedupourtotal.Iknew

mymomwouldhavewanteditthatway.Shewasthetypewhonevergotdefeated.Itwasthisvery

spiritthathelpedmegetby.

Whentheraceended,Inoticedtherunnersallhadonethingincommon:Therewerebigsmiles

ontheirfaces.Theymadeitlooksorewardingandeffortless.Iwantedin.

SoIenrolledinanotherracetwomonthslater.ConsideringIcouldbarelyrunamile,itwas

ambitious.ButmyfriendandImadeatrainingplansoIwouldn'tcomeinlast.Ifollowedit

religiouslyanddidn,tletanythinggetinmyway.

Runningupanddownthecity'shills,Iwasfloodedwithmemories.Ihadlivedthereafter

collegeandmymotherhadvisitedoften.IpassedBloomingdale's,recallingthetimesheandIhad

gottenintoascreamingargumentthere.

IwasabouttobeatmyselfupwhenIrememberedwhatMomhadsaidafterherdiagnosisof

cancer.64Idon'twantyoutofeelguiltyaboutanything.^^Herpaper-thinhandshadheldmetightly.A

weightliftedfrommyshoulders.

Whentheracedayarrived,Igaveitmyallformymomandforallshehadtaughtmeand

continuedtoteachme.AsIran,wheneverIfeltlikeslowingdown,Ipicturedhercheeringmeon.

Crossingthefinishline,Iwasfilledwithherloveandasenseofpeace.

24.Whydidtheauthorignoretheemailinthebeginning?

A.Shefeltithardtofinishtherace.

B.Shehadnotimetojoinintheevent.

C.Shethoughttheresearchmeaningless.

D.Shewasremindedofhermother'sdeath.

25.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorrecoverfromhermom'sdeath?

A.Thecompanyofherfriends.B.Theinspirationfromhermom.

C.Thepleasureingoingforarun.D.Thesuccessinorganizinganevent.

26.Whichofthewordscanbestdescribetheauthor'smom?

A.Considerateandpolite.B.Braveandhumorous.

C.Strong-willedandcaring.D.Outgoingandpatient.

27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowIGotHealedinRunningB.TheLossofSweetMemories

C.WhatMattersMostinRunningD.TheRewardsofGreatFriendship

高三英語第4頁（共9頁）

c

Overmillionsofyears,humanshaverespondedtocertainsituationswithoutthinkingtoohard.

Ifourancestorsspottedmovementinthenearbyforest,theywouldrunfirstandquestionlater.Atthe

sametime,theabilitytoanalyzeandtoplanispartofwhatseparatesusfromotheranimals.The

questionofwhentotrustyourinstinct（直覺）andwhentothinkslowmattersintheofficeasmuchas

inthesavannah（草原）.

Slowthinkingisthefeatureofawell-managedworkplace.Yetinstinctalsohasitsplace.Some

decisionsaremoreconnectedtoemotionalresponsesandlesstoanalysis.Indemanding

customer-serviceorpublic-facingsituations,instinctisoftenabetterguidetohowtobehave.

Instinctcanalsobeimproved.Plentyofresearchhasshownthatinstinctbecomesmore

unerringwithexperience.Inonewell-knownexperiment,volunteerswereaskedtoassesswhethera

selectionofdesignerhandbagswererealornot.Somewereinstructedtooperateoninstinctand

otherstodeliberate（深思熟慮）overtheirdecision.Instinctworkedbetterforthosewhoownedatleast

threedesignerhandbags;indeed,itoutperformedanalysis.Themoreexpertyoubecome,thebetter

yourinstincttendstobe.

However,therealreasontoembracefastthinkingisthatitis,well,fast.Itisoftentheonlyway

togetthroughtheday.Totakeoneexample,whenyourinboxfloodswithnewemailsatthestartof

anewday,thereisabsolutelynowaytoreadthemallcarefully.Instinctiswhathelpsyoudecide

whichonestoanswerandwhichtodeleteorleaveunopened.Fastthinkingcanalsohelptheentire

organization.Thevalueofmanymanagerialdecisionsliesinthesimplefactthattheyhavebeen

madeatall.Yetasdataexplodes,thetemptation（誘惑）toaskforonemorebitofanalysishasbecome

muchhardertoresist.Managersoftensufferfromoverthinking,turningasimpleproblemintoa

complexone.

Whentouseinstinctintheworkplacerestsonitsownformofpatternrecognition.Doesthe

decision-makerhaverealexpertiseinthisarea?Isthisafieldinwhichemotionmattersmorethan

reasoning?Aboveall,isitworthdelayingthedecision?Slowthinkingisneededtogetthebigcalls

right.Butfastthinkingisthewaytostopdeliberationturningtoawasteoftime.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unerring“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Accurate.B.Creative.C.Controllable.D.Obvious.

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Managerscanaffordthecostofslowthinking.

B.Fastthinkingcanbeaboosttoworkefficiency.

C.Slowthinkingwillholdusbackinthelongrun.

D.Toomuchdataistoblameforwrongdecisions.

30.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Toexplainhowinstinctworks.

B.Tocompareinstinctandslowthinking.

高三英語第5頁（共9頁）

C.Tohighlightthevalueofinstinctintheworkplace.

D.Toillustratethedevelopmentofdifferentthinkingpatterns.

D

ItallstartedwhenItypedaperfectlyreasonableprompt（提示詞）intooneofseveralappsonthe

marketthatcancreateanimagebasedontext."Skullspacelaserdinosaurstarshipexplosion,9,I

wrote.Theappprocessedforafewseconds,andreturnedfourimages,oneofwhichwasstrangely

accurate:adinosaur-lookingskullscreamedoutofanemptyspace,trailingfire.Itlookedlikean

illustrationfromtheartmagazine,andperhapsartfromthemagazineinfluenceditscreation.

Text-to-imageAisidentifyimagesbylookingatthetextthatpeoplehaveusedtodescribethose

picturesonline.Whentheappgotmyprompt,itstudiedimagesthatrandompeoplehaddescribedas

“dinosaur"or"laser“andsoon,thenusedwhatiscalledadiffusionmodel（擴散模型）toaddabunch

ofrandomchaostothosepictures.Oncetheyweresuitablycompleted,it“upscaled"them,removing

noiseandsharpeningfocus.Itsworkissogoodthatanartistusingitrecentlywonfirstplacefor

digitalimagesattheColoradoStateFair.

Buttherearemajorethical（道德的）issuesraisedbythesuccessofsuchAis.Thebiggesthasto

dowiththosetrainingdatasets.Reportersrecentlydiscoveredthatthedatasetusedby

Text-to-imageAiscontainedimagesofviolence.Somecompaniesareworkingonwaystoprevent

thepublicfromseeingimagesbasedonoffensiveandillegalpicturesinthedataset.A

representativeofthecompaniesalsonotedthattheimagesinitsdatasetare"alreadyavailableinthe

publicinternetonpubliclyavailablewebsites”.

Butevenifthisproblemisfixed,thereisstillthequestionofalltheotherpicturesonlinethat

arebeingtransformedintoAi-generatedmasterpieces.Asmanyartistshavepointedout,theirworks

arebeingusedwithoutpayment.Theimage-generatingalgorithm（算法）createsillustrationsandeven

moviesbyusingdatasetsstockedwithartstolenfromartistswhoposttheirworksonline.

SomeAIresearchersarguethattheiralgorithmsaren'tstealingfromartistssomuchaslearning

fromthem,justashumanartistslearnfromeachother.Butamoreethicalapproachwouldbefor

companiestoacknowledgetheirdebttoartistsandcreateamodelofvoluntarycollectivelicensing,

muchlikewhatradiostationsfirstdidinradio'searlydays.Backthen,musicianscreatedgroupslike

BMItocollectivelylicensetheirmusictoradiostations-thenBMIwouldpayartistsbasedonhow

oftentheirsongswereplayed.Perhapsartistsandartinstitutionstodaycouldforma"'collecting

society“thatwouldallowcompaniestolicensetheirartworkfordatasets.

TocreateethicalAIsystems,weneedtoacknowledgethepeoplewhoseworkmakesthose

systemssomagical.Wecan'tsimplysnarfupeveryimageonline-weneedhumanstomanage

thosedatasetsandweneedtopaythemtodoit.

31.WhatcanwelearnaboutText-to-imageAisfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Theyaredevelopedtoprocesspictures.

高三英語第6頁（共9頁）

B.Theyareusedtodescribeonlinepictures.

C.Theyuseadiffusionmodeltocombinepictures.

D.Theycreatetheirworksbasedononlinepictures.

32.OneoftheissuesraisedbythesuccessofText-to-imageAisis.

A.theinfluenceuponartcreationB.theavailabilityofonlinepictures

C.theneglectoftheartists9copyrightD.theprospectofartistsbeingreplaced

33.WhydidtheauthormentionBMIinParagraph5?

A.TointroducetherolethatBMIplayedinAIhistory.

B.Topresentawaytoregulatetheuseofonlinepictures.

C.Toprovethenecessityoflicensingmusictoradiostations.

D.Todemonstratetheurgencyofformingacollectingsociety.

34.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Itisnotpracticaltoimprovetheimage-generatingalgorithm.

B.ThefunctionofText-to-imageAisshouldn'tbeunderestimated.

C.HumaneffortsshouldbevaluedintheapplicationofText-to-imageAis.

D.Companiesshouldbeheldresponsiblefortheillegalpicturesonpublicwebsites.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將

該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Itwon'tsoundlikeabigsurprisewhenItellyouthatkindnessplaysanimportantroleina

person'swellbeing.Itcanleadtochangeslikehigherself-esteem（自尊心）andlowerbloodpressure.

Evenjustwitnessingactsofkindnesscanmakeushappier.

35"Fromgivingawayacupofhotchocolateinaparktogivingawayagiftinthelab,

thoseperforminganactofkindnessconsistentlyunderestimatedhowpositivetheirreceiverswould

feel,thinkingtheiractwasoflessvaluethanreceiversperceivedittobe,“statesastudy.

36Yet,whyistherethisdifferencebetweenwhatwethinksomeonewillfeelfromanact

ofkindnessversuswhattheydofeel?Whydoweunderestimatetheimpactwehaveonothers?

Manyofusdon'thavearealsenseofourvalue.Ifsbeenestimatedthatasmanyas85percent

ofpeoplestrugglewithlowself-esteem.37This“voice“tendstoshiftourfocusinward,

assessingoureverymove,andhavingbadeffectonourrelationships.

Unlikeaconscience（良心），thisinnercriticdoesn,tmotivatepositivebehavior.38It

encouragesustoholdback,feedingusthoughtslike,"Don'tstickyourneckout";"Noonewantsto

hearfromyou";and"You'regoingtomakeafoolofyourself.^^

Onewonderfulwaytofightagainstourcriticalinnervoiceisthroughactsofbeingkindto

others.39Wemustalsotrytoseeourselvesthroughtheeyesofthepeopleweaffect.The

degreetowhichwe'reabletodothatwillhelpdetermineourownhappinessalongwiththe

happinesswelightupinothers.

高三英語第7頁（共9頁）

A.However,theworkdoesn'tstopthere.

B.Peoplemaylowerthevalueoftheirownkindcomments.

C.Weallcarryarounda"'criticalinnervoice^^thattendstoputusdown.

D.Insteadofseeingwhatwehavetooffer,wemaythinkofourselvesasaburden.

E.Thismisunderstandingsuggeststhatpeopledevaluetheirownactionsinrelationtoothers.

F.Instead,itturnsusagainstourselves,makingusunderestimateourbeneficialeffectonothers.

G.Yet,peoplemaynottrulyknowtheimpactthateventhesmallestofkindactscanhaveonanother

person.

第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

Beforeendinguponasupermarketshelf,anavocado（牛油果）hasproduced1.3kilogramsof

carbonintotheatmosphere.Itsproductionaloneconsumes60gallonsofwater.Despitethis,thefruit

willoftenbethrownawayashouseholdwaste.

Householdfoodwasteistheresultofmismanagement.Muchofthewasteisavoidableandthe

foodmayhavebeeneatenhaditbeenbettermanaged.Toreducehouseholdfoodwaste,agrowing

numberoffoodretailersdecidetoremovedatelabelling（標簽），suchasthe"use-by"or"best-befbre”

date,fromsomefreshfooditems.

Paststudieshaveconfirmedtheimportanceofdatelabelling.Almost60%ofwesternEuropean

consumerssurveyedsaidthey“always“checkdatelabelswhilepurchasing.Butdatelabellinghas

longcomeundercriticismbecausefailuretotrulyunderstanddatelabellingoftenleadsto

unreasonabledecisionmaking.Indeed,consumerscommonlydon'tacceptedible（可食用的），but

date-expired（過期的）food.

Theremovalofdatelabellingisthereforeapromisingstart.Withoutdatelabels,information

thatmayaffectconsumers5understandingofwhatisedible,isremoved.Instead,consumersare

encouragedtosense-checkfreshfooditems.

Inthecaseofanavocado,theadvicegiventoconsumersisthatwhenripe,itshouldhavea

“pleasantandslightlysweetaroma（氣味whiletheskinshouldbe“darkgreenorbrown^^.

Informationisalsoprovidedonhowanavocadoshouldlook,taste,andfeelwhen"overripe”.Itis

hopedthatabetterinformedconsumerwillbelesslikelytoblindlythrowawayfoodduetoan

expirationdate.

40.Whatdofoodretailersdecidetodotoreducehouseholdfoodwaste?

41.Whyhasdatelabellinglongbeencriticized?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

>Ifconsumerscanbebetterinformed,theywillnotacceptedible,butdate-expiredfood.

高三英語第8頁（共9頁）

43.Oncedatelabelsareremovedfromsomefreshfooditems,whatproblem（s）mightbecaused?

（Inabout40words）

第二節(jié)（20分）

假設(shè)你是紅星中學高