中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：專(zhuān)題二代詞

專(zhuān)題二代詞中考考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)分類(lèi)突破在初中英語(yǔ)中,常見(jiàn)的代詞可分為人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞和關(guān)系代詞等?？键c(diǎn)1

人稱(chēng)代詞(1)人稱(chēng)代詞的構(gòu)成表示“我”“你”“他/她/它”“我們”“你們”“他們”的詞稱(chēng)為人稱(chēng)代詞。人稱(chēng)代詞有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和格的變化。數(shù)格人稱(chēng)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱(chēng)Imeweus第二人稱(chēng)youyouyouyou第三人稱(chēng)hehimtheythemsheheritit(2)人稱(chēng)代詞的用法人稱(chēng)代詞的主格在句中作主語(yǔ),賓格在句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。SheteachesusEnglish.(she作主語(yǔ),us作賓語(yǔ))It’sme.(me作表語(yǔ))口訣記憶人稱(chēng)代詞主格和賓格的用法人稱(chēng)代詞有兩格,分為主格和賓格。主格用法有規(guī)律,用在句中作主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)、介詞后賓語(yǔ)現(xiàn),賓格上前來(lái)替換?？键c(diǎn)2

物主代詞(1)物主代詞的構(gòu)成表示所有關(guān)系的代詞稱(chēng)為物主代詞。物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。類(lèi)別人稱(chēng)數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞單數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)mymine第二人稱(chēng)youryours第三人稱(chēng)hisheritshishersits類(lèi)別人稱(chēng)數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)ourours第二人稱(chēng)youryours第三人稱(chēng)theirtheirs(2)物主代詞的用法①形容詞性物主代詞具有形容詞的作用,后面必須跟名詞。②名詞性物主代詞具有名詞的特征,相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”,它只能獨(dú)立使用,后面不跟名詞?？键c(diǎn)3

反身代詞(1)反身代詞的構(gòu)成

數(shù)人稱(chēng)

單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)myselfourselves第二人稱(chēng)yourselfyourselves第三人稱(chēng)himself/herself/itselfthemselves(2)反身代詞的用法用法位置例句作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞之后Hecantakecareofhimself.他能夠照顧自己。作表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞之后Thepoorboyinthestorywasmyself.故事中那個(gè)可憐的男孩就是我。作同位語(yǔ)名詞或代詞之后或句末Imyselfdidit.＝Ididitmyself.我自己做的。

反身代詞的固定搭配help

oneself

(to)

自用(食物等)enjoy

oneself玩得愉快dress

oneself自己穿衣服learn

by

oneself自學(xué)by

oneself單獨(dú)地;獨(dú)自地考點(diǎn)4

不定代詞常見(jiàn)不定代詞的用法(1)辨析some與any詞條用法some一般用于肯定句中,意為“一些;某些;某個(gè)”;也可用于疑問(wèn)句中,表示希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答或委婉地提出建議、請(qǐng)求。any一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中,意為“任何數(shù)量;任一數(shù)額”;也可用于肯定句中,意為“任一;任何一些”。Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?你要來(lái)點(diǎn)咖啡嗎?Youcanaskmeanyquestion.你可以問(wèn)我任何問(wèn)題。(2)辨析few,afew,little與alittle詞條意思用法few很少;幾乎沒(méi)有修飾可數(shù)名詞,表否定意義。afew幾個(gè),一些修飾可數(shù)名詞,表肯定意義。little很少;幾乎沒(méi)有修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表否定意義。alittle少量;有一些修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表肯定意義。There’s

little

milk

in

the

fridge.We

need

to

buy

some.冰箱里快沒(méi)牛奶了。我們需要買(mǎi)些。If

you

have

any

spare

milk,could

you

give

me

a

little?你要是有多余的牛奶,給我一些好嗎?Theproblemistoodifficult.Fewstudentscanworkitout.這道題太難了。沒(méi)幾個(gè)學(xué)生能做出來(lái)。Ineedafewthingsfromthestore.我需要從商店買(mǎi)些東西。(3)辨析each,either,every,both,all,neither與none詞條意思謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式用法each每個(gè)(≥2)單數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)either兩者中的任何一個(gè)單數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)every三者或三者以上中的每一個(gè)單數(shù)形式作定語(yǔ),不能單獨(dú)使用,不能與of連用both(兩者)都復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)all都(≥3)復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)neither(兩者)都不單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)都可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)none(≥3)都不單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)都可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(4)辨析other,others,theother,theothers與another詞條意思用法other其他;另外在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ),修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。others另外的一些(并非全部)不可以修飾名詞。others與some對(duì)比使用時(shí),意為“有些”。theother兩個(gè)人、物或部分中的另一個(gè)/些可單獨(dú)使用,也可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),還可用于theotherone等結(jié)構(gòu)中。詞條意思用法theothers另外的全部人或物theothers只能單獨(dú)使用。another三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)another可單獨(dú)使用,也可修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。“another＋基數(shù)詞(大于1)”表示在已有的基礎(chǔ)上增加多少數(shù)量。(5)辨析many與much相同點(diǎn)均表示“很多,許多”,可在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。不同點(diǎn)many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。(6)辨析it,one與that詞條用法例句it特指上文提到的同一事物。Thebookismine.It’sveryinteresting.這本書(shū)是我的。它很有趣。one泛指上文提到的同類(lèi)事物中的一個(gè)。—WhohasanovelnamedLittle

Women?誰(shuí)有《小婦人》這本小說(shuō)?—Ihaveone.我有一本。詞條用法例句that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中,代替前面提到的名詞,以避免重復(fù)。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinShenzhen.北京的天氣比深圳的天氣冷。(7)復(fù)合不定代詞表人somebodysomeoneanybodyanyoneeverybodyeveryonenobodynoone表物somethinganythingeverythingnothing①?gòu)?fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。②復(fù)合不定代詞被形容詞修飾時(shí),形容詞須后置。③some構(gòu)成的不定代詞往往用于肯定句中;any構(gòu)成的不定代詞則往往用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。some構(gòu)成的不定代詞有時(shí)也可用于疑問(wèn)句中,用來(lái)表明“請(qǐng)求對(duì)方給予肯定回答”的心理。Thereissomethinginterestinginthisbook.這本書(shū)里有一些有趣的東西。Haveyoumetanyoneelsethere?你在那里還見(jiàn)到別的人了嗎?復(fù)合不定代詞的用法:考點(diǎn)5

疑問(wèn)代詞常見(jiàn)疑問(wèn)代詞及其用法疑問(wèn)代詞意思用法who誰(shuí)作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)whom誰(shuí)作賓語(yǔ)(who的賓格)whose誰(shuí)的作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)(who的所有格)what什么作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)which哪一個(gè)作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)Who

is

that

woman?那位女士是誰(shuí)?

To

whom

did

you

speak

just

now?

剛才你和誰(shuí)講話(huà)了?Whose

sister

is

a

doctor?誰(shuí)的姐姐是醫(yī)生?What

does

she

do

on

Sundays?每周日她做什么?Which

girl

is

Kate?哪個(gè)女孩是Kate?考點(diǎn)6

關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞有who,whose,whom,that和which,是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的代詞。它們?cè)诰渲锌捎米髦髡Z(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)能力檢測(cè)Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.(2022·湖北武漢)—Togoabroadornottogoaftergraduation,it’saquestion.—Youmaytake

B

?oftheroads.Butbeinghomeintheendmatters.

A.neitherB.eitherC.bothD.none2.(2022·新疆)—Younevergiveupindifficultsituations.—Ibelieve

A

?isimpossibletoahopefulheart.

A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.somethingB

A

3.(2022·天津)—Whosecameraisthis?Isit

C

??

—No,it’snotmine.It’s

C

?.

A.you;himB.yours;himC.yours;hisD.you;his4.(2022·甘肅武威)Thesearemycousins.

D

?arebothuniversitystudents.

A.WeB.YouC.ID.TheyC

C

D

5.(2022·云南改編)Iadviseyounottoshow

A

?ontheInternetbecauseitmaycausetrouble.

A.anythingpersonalB.personalanythingC.somethingpersonalD.personalsomethingA

6.(2022·安徽)—Ihave

B

?butpraiseforthepolicebecausetheyoftenhelppeopleoutoftrouble.

—Yes,they’rewellworthpraising.A.everythingB.nothingC.anythingD.something7.(2022·重慶)Believein

B

?andyoucanmakeit.

A.myselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.herselfB

B

8.(2022·四川遂寧)—I’dliketoordersomethingtodrink.Whatwouldyoulike,coffeeorcola?—

B

?.MilkisOK.

A.BothB.NeitherC.AllD.Either9.(2022·四川達(dá)州)—Sandy,couldyoufoldtheclothesforme?—Why

B

??Iamnotavailable.YoucanaskDavidtodo

B

?instead.

A.him;themB.me;itC.I;itD.me;themB

B

B

10.(2022·江蘇連云港)OurEnglishteacher,MissLi,iskindandpatient.Wealllike

B

?.

A.sheB.herC.hersD.herself11.(2022·江蘇連云港)Thereisn’t

B

?intheclassroom.AllthestudentsarehavingaP.E.lessonontheplayground.

A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everybodyB

B

12.(2022·云南昆明改編)—Whatisyoursister’sfavoritecolor?—

D

?favoritecolorispurple.

A.MyB.YourC.HisD.Her13.(2021·甘肅武威)IhaveafewbooksonChinesefood.Youcanborrow

A

?ifyouwant.

A.oneB.itC.muchD.alittle14.(2021·黑龍江大慶)Onthewebsite,youcanchatwith

D

?inEnglishtoimproveyourspokenEnglish.

A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.othersD

A

D

15.(2021·江蘇常州)

C

?isbetterworthmyrespectthanYuanLongping.HeistheprideofChina.

A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.NobodyD.Everybody16.(2021·遼寧鞍山)—Whatclubwouldyouliketojoin,thechesscluborthemusicclub?—

B

?.I’vealreadyjoinedthepapercuttingclub.

A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.NoneC

B

17.(2021·遼寧盤(pán)錦)JudyandLilylikesports,and

D

?oftenplayvolleyballafterschool.

A.weB.youC.theirD.they18.(2021·湖北黃岡)—We’llhavetheP.E.testnextweek.Ifeelalittlenervous.—Relax!Believein

D

?andpracticemore.

A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself19.(2021·四川廣元)—Howcoldhere!—Yes.TheweatherinGuangyuanismuchcolderthan

A

?inyourhometown.

A.thatB.itC.thisD.thoseD

D

A

20.(2021·遼寧大連)MikemovedtoChinawith

C

?familytwoyearsago.

A.heB.himC.hisD.himself21.(2021·山東東營(yíng))—Fourchildrenwerewalkingunderasmallumbrella.

B

?ofthemgotwet.Canyouguesswhy?

—Becauseitwasnotraining!A.AllB.NoneC.MostD.SomeC

B

22.(2021·遼寧鐵嶺)—MyschoolIDcardisonthedesk.Whatabout

C

??

—It’sinmyschoolbag.A.hisB.hersC.yoursD.mine23.(2021·遼寧營(yíng)口)Hewastoosadtosay

B

?whenheheardthebadnews.

A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing24.(2021·廣西河池)—Isthisyourbike,Cindy?—Yes,it’s

D

?.Mymotherboughtitformelastmonth.

A.hersB.hisC.yoursD.mineC

B

D

25.(2021·山東東營(yíng))—Judy,whyisyourdogbarking(吠叫)atthemirror?—Becauseitcan’trecognize(認(rèn)出)

D

?inthemirror.

A.meB.itC.youD.itself26.(2021·新疆)—Wherewouldyouliketogonextweek,BeijingorTianjin?—

C

?isOK.It’suptoyou.

A.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.AllD

C

27.(2021·河北)Thisisn’tmydictionary.

B

?isoverthere,onthedesk.A.HisB.MineC.HersD.Yours28.(2021·貴州銅仁)—Thisdressistoolong.Pleasegiveme

C

?one.

—Sure,madam.Give

C

?backtomeandtryonthisone.

A.other;oneB.other;itC.another;itD.another;oneB

C

C

29.(2021·江蘇宿遷)—Is

C

?here?

—Yes.Weareallready.A.somebodyB.neitherC.everybodyD.none30.(2021·江蘇鹽城)—Whyareyoulaughing,Daniel?—Thereis

B

?funnyinthenewspaper.

Comeandsee.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothingC

B

Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式或漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。每空一詞1.(2022·四川眉山改編)—Mary,doyouknowwhichsweate