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中考英語名詞專題復(fù)習(xí)名詞分為:普通名詞、專有名詞和復(fù)合名詞專有名詞:1.表示人名如:JimKateLiLeiMissGao2.表示地名:如:ChinaUSAEnglandBeijing3.表示星期、月份等時間概念的名稱,如:SundayMondayTuesdayJanuaryFebruary4.表示中外節(jié)日:國際性節(jié)日:NewYearMayDayChildren’sDayWomen’sDay中國節(jié)日:SpringFestivalMid-autumnDayNationalDay西方節(jié)日:ChristmasDayEaster(復(fù)活節(jié))Father’sDayMother’sDaySaintValentine’sDay(情人節(jié))5.機構(gòu)或一些社會團(tuán)體的名稱,它們往往縮寫,如:CCTVUNWTOPLAPRCUFOBBCSOSUNITNBAIQEQPERMBVIP1.drinkcoffee,milk,tea…2.foodrice,bread,meat…porridge,tofu,…3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…4.weatherrain,snow,ice,cloud,wind…5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass,plastic可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)一般可用a,an,one來修飾注:a用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前,an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前*abook,*anEnglishbook,*anhour。名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則變化(1)一般在復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加“s”dog–dogsbook–books(2)以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的名詞加“es”box–boxeswatch–watchesbus--buses(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加“es”country–countriesfactory–factories請區(qū)別:如果是元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞則只須加“s”boy–boysholiday-holidaysmonkey–monkeys(4)以f、fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f、fe為v再加“es”half–halvesshelf–shelvesknife–knivesleaf–leaves特殊:beliefbeliefsroofroofs(5)以o結(jié)尾的名詞,一般情況加s,讀作/z/.potato,tomato,hero除外*piano–pianos*zoo–zoosradio-radiosbamboo--bamboos2.不規(guī)則變化(1)單復(fù)數(shù)同形fish–fishJapanese–JapaneseChinese-Chinesesheep–sheep(2)變元音字母oo為eetooth–teethfoot–feet(3).變man為menman–menwoman–womenpoliceman–policemenFrenchman–Frenchmen請區(qū)別:German(德國人)–Germans(“中日”不變“英法”變,其余s加后面)(4).常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞peopleclothesshoestrousersglasses這些名詞作主語時,注意它們的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)*Myclothesarenewerthanyours.3.可數(shù)名詞可以被a,an,one,two以及howmany,many,afew,few,any,lotsof,alotof,some等修飾*Thereareafewpeopleinthepark.*Howmanyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?1.Several_____aretalking
underthetree.Andtheyaretalkingabout______. A.woman;children B.woman;childC.women;children2.Therearethreeinmyfamily.A.peopleB.personC.child3.Some______cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.
A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies4.Inthepicturetherearemany______andtwo_______.
A.sheeps;knifesB.sheeps;knifeC.sheep;knives D.sheep;knife5.Therearefour_______andtwo_______inthegroup.A.Japanese,GermenB.Japaneses,GermenC.Japanese,GermanD.Japanese,Germans★不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞屬于不可數(shù)名詞如:water,rice,fish,meat等。workchalktimespacemusicmoneyweatherhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine1.單個的不可數(shù)名詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)Somebreadisoverthere.Nonewsisgoodnews.2.不可數(shù)名詞不能被a,an,one,two等修飾,常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,lotsof,some,any,plentyof等修飾Theyhadmuchmoney.Hedoeslittlehouseworkathome.*arice(X)twobread(X)3.有些可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞在一定情況下可相互轉(zhuǎn)化,同一個詞,但意思不同glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻璃杯)work(工作)–awork(著作)time(時間)–times(次數(shù))練習(xí)①.Pleasegiveme______paper.
A.oneB.apieces C.apiece D.apieceof②.Thistableismadeof_______.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass③.—WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?—I'dliketwo_________.A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks④.Wecandotheworkbetterwith______moneyand________people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few當(dāng)people,class,family,team,group,public,police等集體名詞做主語時,如果看成一個整體,動詞就用單數(shù);看成一個個具體成員時,就用復(fù)數(shù)。e.gTheclassarewaitingforher.Tom’sfamily_____ratherbig.Tom’sfamily_________filmfans.news,maths,politics表示單數(shù)意義,動詞用單數(shù)。e.gThenewsmakesherveryhappy.Maths___noteasyforhim.名詞所有格表示名詞間的所有關(guān)系“…的”一.名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法1.一般情況下,在有生命的名詞后加“’s”Kangkang’sfatherLucy’sbook2.以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,則在s后加“’”即可Teachers’officeTheGreens’house3.不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格,仍按慣例加“’s”*Children’sDay*men’sshoes4.無生命名詞的所有關(guān)系用of*apictureoftheclassroom加名詞,構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系的短語*thecolorofthewall5.雙重所有格,of+名詞性物主代詞/名詞后加”’s”,AphotoofMary’sJune1stis____Day.AlltheChildrenenjoyitverymuch.A.ChildrenB.Childrens’C.Children’sD.ChildThetwobedroomarethe____.A.twinsB.twin’sC.twins’D.twins6.如果事物為2人或2人以上共同所有,在最后一個名詞后加-’s;如果事物不是2人或2人共同所有,而是分別有的,則在2個名詞后都加-’s.Lucyis____sister.A.MaryandJackB.Mary’sandJack’sC.MaryandJacksD.MaryandJack’s.有些表示時間、距離、國家、城市、團(tuán)體的等無生命的東西,也可以加-‘s構(gòu)成所有格It’s____fromourschooltomyhome.A.tenminutes’walkB.tenminute’swalkC.tenminutewalkD.tenminuteswalk1廣東的省會thecapitalofGuangdong2教室的門thedoorsoftheclassroom3我父親的一個朋友afriendofmyfather’s4他的兩個兄弟twobrothersofhis5愛迪生的一些發(fā)明someinventionsofEdison’s6他弟弟的一張照片(照片屬于他弟弟)apictureofhisbrother’s7他弟弟的一張照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)apictureofhisbrother1.修飾另一名詞時,一般用單數(shù)*Therearethreebananatreesoverthere.2.manwoman用做定語時,應(yīng)與后面的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致*Weneedamanteacher.*Theyareallwomenworkers.3.sports,clothes做定語時,仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式*asportsstar*aclothesshop練習(xí)Ourhospitalneedstwo___doctors,Mrs.Li.Youcanaskyoursontohaveatry.A.womenB.manC.womanD.menOurhospitalneedstwo___doctors,Mrs.Li.Youcanaskyoursontohaveatry.A.womenB.manC.womanD.men名詞所有格的幾個注意點可用名詞所有格表示地點,地點名詞習(xí)慣上省略*myaunt’s(home)(我姑姑家)*gototheteachers’(office)(去老師辦公室)Gotothedoctor’s練習(xí)題1、—Isittruethatsomecolorscanmakeusfeelrelaxed?—Yes.Colorsdohavethe______tochangeourfeelingsandmoods.A.secret
B.power
C.idea
D.experience2、Inwesterncountries,________arethrownawayeachday.
A.mountainsofrubbish
B.mountainsofrubbishesC.alotofrubbish
D.alotofrubbishes3、
–Howsoonshallwestartthebicycletrip?
--_________.A.Infiveday’stime
B.Infivedays’timeC.Infivedaystime
D.Forfivedays4、
Doyouhaveany________and________forlunch?
A.chicken;tomatoes
B.chicken;tomatoC.chickens;tomatoes
D.chickens;tomato5、What________willglobalwarming(全球變暖)bringus?Scientistshavegivenusaclearlist.
A.news
B.dangers
C.courses
D.a(chǎn)dvantages6、—Youwonfirstprizeinthephysicscompetition.—Areyoukidding?Imadeseveralterrible______.A.mistake
B.mistakesC.problem
D.problems7、—ThefirstWorldInternetConferencewasheldinWuzhen,ZhejianglastNovember.—Yes.Itisthelargestandthehighest__ofInternetconferencewhichwasheldinourcountry.A.power
B.knowledge
C.energy
D.level8、—Whyareyousolatetoday?—Becausethe______wassoheavy.Ispentabouttwohoursdrivinghere.A.traffic
B.road
C.situation9、Tedwasfacingadifficult______betweenstayingwithhisfamilyandworkingabroad.A.choose
B.chose
C.choice
D.chosen10、—Whatwouldyouliketosaytoyour________beforeleavingschool?—I’dliketosay“Thankyouverymuch!I’velearntalotfromyouinthepastthreeyears.”
A.teachersB.workersC.doctors
D.engineers11、Yesterday,myfatherboughtmeanewmobilephoneasapresent,butIdon’tknowhowtouseit.
Whynotreadthe_______firstbeforeusingit?A.expressions
B.contributions
C.advertisements
D.instructions12、China'shotwords,likeDuang,tuhao,are
ofthetimes.Theyhavebecomeknownabroad.A.contributions
B.examplesC.products
D.a(chǎn)chievements13、Nowadayssome_______madeinChinaarebothgoodandcheap,suchasXiaomimobilephones,HaierfridgesandLenovocomputers.A.toolsB.products
C.materials
D.instruments14、–Couldyougivemeafew______onhowtospendthecomingsummerholiday?
--OK.Letmesee.A.hobbies
B.knowledge
C.suggestions
D.information15、MayItakeyourorder?Iwouldlike_______.A.twolargebowlsofsoup
B.twolargebowlofsoupC.twolargebowlssoup
D.twolargebowlsofsoups16、WebelieveOneBelt,OneRoadwillhelpChinaimprovethe_____withlotsofcountries.A.population
B.situation
C.environment
D.relationship17、﹣NowadaysmoreandmoreforeignersarebecominginterestedinBeijingOpera.﹣That'strue.It'sanimportantpartofChinese____________.A.culture
B.inventionC.custom18、Idon'tknowhowtodealwithmyfamilyproblem.Canyougivemesome_______?A.messages
B.
instructions
C.
advice
D.information19、--Iwonderifyou'vemadeadecisionontheproject,Eric.--Notyet.Ican'tmakeituntilIhavefirst-hand
onprices.A.news
B.knowledge
C.information
D.education20、_____aboutJapanearthquakekeepeveryoneindeepsorrow.(悲痛)A.News
B.Information
C.Advice
D.Messages21、It’ssaidthatmorethan100_________willattendthismeetinginShanghai.A.manteachers
B.womanteachersC.menteachers
D.womansteachers22、DoyouknowMr.Bake?Heis_____________teacher.A.JennyandDanny
B.JennyandDanny'sC.Jenny'sandDanny's
D.JennyorDanny's23、Idon’tthink_______shouldbeallowedtodrive.A.fourteen–years–olds
B.fourteenyears–oldsC.fourteen–year—olds
D.fourteen–yearsolds24、—CanIhelpyou?—I’dlike____________formytwindaughters.A.twopairofshoes
B.twopairsofshoeC.twopairofshoe
D.twopairsofshoes25、WangNinglikestalkingwithpeople,writingstoriesandworkingforaTVstation,maybehewillbe_____________whenhegrowsup..A.a(chǎn)nactor
B.a(chǎn)policeman
C.a(chǎn)doctor
D.a(chǎn)reporter26、—ThelandinthesouthwestofChinaisingreatneedof
.—Yes,ithasn’trainedforalongtimethere.A.milk
B.tea
C.coffee
D.water27、Shealwaysgetsthehighestmarksintheexam.Sheisoneof__________inherclass.A.beststudents
B.thetopstudentsC.thebeststudent
D.topstudent28、Ihaverealizedthe_________oflearningEnglish.Imustworkbard.A.secret
B.experience
C.importance
D.important29、Youhavea_____.Youshouldstopeatinganything.A.headache
B.backache
C.stomachache
D.fever30、Wehavethree_______jobsforyou.Andtheyare_______interesting.A.kindsof;kindsof
B.kindof;kindsofC.kindof;kindof
D.kindsof;kindof31、Sameatstoomuch________.Hedoesn’teatany_______.A.chickens;tomato
B.tomato;chickenC.chicken;tomatoes
D.tomatoes;chicken32、Hecanplay
.Andhecanplay
,too.A.basketball…thepiano
B.a(chǎn)basketball…aguitarC.thebasketball…piano
D.basketball…guitar33、Allthe_______teachersenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th,becauseitwastheirownholiday.A.man
B.men
C.woman
D.women34、Mrs.Bondisanoldfriendof
.A.Jackmother
B.Jackmother’sC.Jack’smother
D.Jack’smother’s35、—Wherearethetwo
?—Theyaretalkingintheoffice.A.womanwriters
B.womenwriterC.woman'swriter
D.womenwriters36、Comeon,children.Helpyourselvestosome
ifyoulike.A.fishandchicken
B.fishesandchickenC.fishandchickens
D.fishesandchickens37、Asastudent,workinghardisyour________.A.response
B.responsible
C.responsibility
D.responsibly38、Mr.Smithalwayshas_____totellus.A.somegoodpiecesofnews
B.somepiecesofgoodnewsC.somegoodpieceofnewes
D.somepieceofgoodnewes39、Itwouldbe__good____formetoachievemydream.A.an;experience
B./;experiences
C.a;experience
D./;experience40、Ihavethreepenpals.Oneis
,theothertwoare
A.Japanese,America
B.Russian,GermanyC.Canada.Australia
D.English,FrenchmenTherewerealotof_____________attheparty.有許多人參加聚會Atleastten___________werekilledinthetrafficaccident.至少有10人在這次交通事故中喪生。Thebookisaboutthehistoryofthe_____________ofChina.這是一本關(guān)于中國各民族的歷史的書。Hundredsof___________weretryingtocontroltheviolence.數(shù)以百計的警察在奮力控制暴力行為。Kevin’s_________livesinanapartmentbuildingneartheLoverRiver.凱文家住在愛河河畔的公寓大樓。Thereareaboutfifty______________inthebuilding.Peterusuallyorders_______________,avegetablesoupandacupofcoffeeforlunch.彼得經(jīng)常點一份魚、一份蔬菜湯和一杯咖啡當(dāng)午餐。____________ismyfavouritefood,butmybrotherrefuses___________allthetime.魚肉是我最喜愛的食物,可是我弟弟絕不吃魚肉。Youcanfindtwo__________byLuXuninthatbookstore.在那家書店你能找到兩部魯迅的作品。10、Thereisachemical_____________nearthevillage.那個村莊附近有一家化工廠。11、Therearethree__________ofmilkonthetable.桌子上有3瓶牛奶。12、Itismadeof___________那是由玻璃制成的。13、Shewassoangrythatshebroketwoglassesyesterday.她非常生氣,昨天打碎了兩個玻璃杯。14、LittleTomisbeingschooled
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