英語國家概況BritishChapter5Edu

OverviewofEnglishspeakingcountriesBritishchapter5edu目錄OverviewoftheUKEducationsystemandeducationalcharacteristicsSociallifeandculturalcustomsTourismresourcesandscientificspotrecommendations01OverviewoftheUKTheUKislocatedinthenorthernpartofEurope,consistentoftheislandofGreatBritain(includingEngland,ScotlandandWales)andNorthernIrelandIthasatemperatureoceanicclimatewithfourdistinctseasons,coldwintersandcoolsummersTheUKisrichinnaturalresources,includingcoal,oil,naturalgas,andavarietyofmineralsGeographiclocationandnaturalenvironmentTheUKhasalonghistoryandrichculturalheritage,withtheRomanEmpire,theAngloSaxons,theNormans,andotherimportanthistoricalperiodsTheUKispopularforitsroyalfamilyandhasaroyalpalace,BuckinghamPalace,whichisasymbolofthecountry'shistoryandcultureTheUKisalsoknownforitsmuseums,galleries,andteachers,suchastheBritishMuseum,theNationalGallery,andtheRoyalShakespeareCompanyHistoricalDevelopmentandCulturalHeritageTheUKisaconstitutionalmonarchywithaparliamentarysystemofgovernmentTheQueenistheheadofstate,buttheprimeministerandcabinetexerciseexecutivepowerTheUKhasabicameralallianceconsistencyoftheHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLordsMembersoftheHouseofCommonsareselectedbypopularvote,whilemembersoftheHouseofLordsareappointedbytheQueenontheadviceoftheprimeministerTheUKhasastrongtraditionofpoliticalparties,withtheConservativePartyandtheLabourPartybeingthetwolargestpoliticalpartiesinthecountry010203PoliticalsystemandcharacteristicsTheUKhasahighlydevelopedmixedeconomywithastrongfocusonservices,manufacturing,andfinanceTheUKhasadiversifiedindustrialstructure,includingaerospace,automotive,pharmaceutical,andcreativeindustriessuchasfilmandtelevisionproductionLondonisoneoftheworld'sleadingfinancialcentersandplaysapivotalroleinglobalfinanceandtradeEconomicsituationandindustrialstructure02EducationsystemandeducationalcharacteristicsCompositionoftheeducationsystemEarlyYearsEducation:Includesnurseryandreceptionclassesforchildrenaged3-5,focusingonplaybasedlearninganddevelopmentofsocialskillsPrimaryEducation:CompetitionsofKeyStage1(ages5-7)andKeyStage2(ages7-11),withacurrentcoveringcoresubjectssuchasMaths,English,andScienceSecondaryEducation:IncludesKeyStage3(ages11-14),KeyStage4(ages14-16),andKeyStage5(ages16-18)StudentstypicallystudyforGCSEsattheendofKeyStage4andA-LevelsorequivalentqualificationsattheendofKeyStage5HigherEducation:Competitionsofuniversitiesandcollegesofferingundergraduateandpostgraduatedegrees,aswellasprofessionalqualificationsEmphasisoncoreskills01TheeducationsysteminEnglishspeakingcountiestypicallyplacesastrongemphasisondevelopingcoreskillsinliteracy,numeracy,andcriticalthinkingStudentcenteredapproach02Educatorsoftenoptforastudentcenteredapproach,encodingactiveparticipation,collaboration,andindependentlearningPreparationforfuturecare03EducationsystemsaimtopreparestudentsforfurthereducationandfuturecarebyadvancingthemwiththenecessaryskillsandknowledgeCharacteristicsandgoalsofeducationatalllevelsUniversityofOxfordOneoftheoldestandmostprospectiveuniversitiesintheworld,knownforitshumannature,socialsciences,andscientificresearchAleadingresearchuniversitywithastrongfocusonSTEMsubjectsandareportforacademicexcellenceAprivateIvyLeagueuniversityintheUnitedStates,ownedforitslaw,business,andmedicalschoolsAtoprankedresearchuniversityintheUnitedStates,knownforitsstrengthinengineering,computerscience,andthesciencesUniversityofCambridgeHarvardUniversityStanfordUniversityIntroductiontoFamousUniversitiesEducationReformandDevelopmentTrendsPersonalizedlearning:Thereisagrowingtrendtowardspersonalizedlearning,witheducatorsusingdataanalyticsandtechnologytodetailteachingmethodsandcontenttotheneedsofindividualstudentsOnlineeducation:TheriskofonlineeducationhasmadeitpossibleforstudentstoaccessawiderangeofcoursesandresourcesfromanywherewithaninternetconnectionInterdisciplinaryapproach:Thereisagrowingrecognitionoftheimportanceofaninterdisciplinaryapproachtoeducation,withschoolsanduniversitiessourcingstudentstostudyabroadrangeofsubjectstodevelopamoretheoreticalunderstandingoftheworldFocusonemployment:Withthechangingnatureofworkandtheincreasingdemandforskilledworkers,educationsystemsareplayingagreaterfocusonpreparingstudentsforthejobmarketbyadvancingthemwithpracticalskillsandworkexperienceopportunities03SociallifeandculturalcustomsLeisureorientedLifestyleInmanyEnglishspeakingcounties,peoplevaluetheirLeisuretimeandoftenengageinoutdooractivities,sports,andhobbiesConsumerismThesecountriesaretypicallycharacterizedbyastrongconsumerculture,withafocusonshopping,brandnames,andmaterialpositionsIndividualismAkeyaspectofsociallifeinthesecountriesistheimportanceofindividualism,whichisreflectedinpeople'sindependence,self-reliance,andprivacyLifestyleandConsumptionConceptEasternArareholidaymarkingtherecurrenceofJesusChrist,cellularwithegghunts,paragraphs,andrareservicesChristmasOneofthemostimportantholidaysinEnglishspeakingcountries,cellularwithgiftgiving,positivemeals,andcaringThanksgivingAinvestfestivaloriginatingintheUnitedStates,cellularwithalargefamilymealandparagraphsTraditionalfestivalsandcancellationsInEnglishspeakingcounties,itiscustomarytogreetpeoplewithahandshake,eyecontact,andasmileGreetingEtiquetteTableetiquettetypicallyinvolvesusingthecorrectintentions,nottalkingwithyourmorefull,andretrainingfromexceptionalnoiseTableMannersTopicssuchaspolitics,correlation,andpersonalfinancesareoftenavoidedincasualconversationtopreventawkwardnessorofferSocialTaboosEtiquettecustomsandsocialtablesLiterature:Englishspeakingcountieshavearichliteraryheritage,includingworksbyShakespeare,JaneAusten,MarkTwain,andmanyothersArt:Theartsceneinthesecountiesisdiverse,rangingfromtraditionalpaintingsandsculpturestomodernandcontemporaryartformsMusicinEnglishspeakingcountriesisincreasinglydiverse,encompassinggenessuchaspop,rock,jazz,hiphop,andclassicalmusicDance:Danceisanintegralpartofthesecultures,withpopulardancestylesincludingballs,moderndances,tapdances,andstreetdancesLiterature,Art,Music,andDance04TourismresourcesandscientificspotrecommendationsLakeDistrictKnownasthe"JewelintheCrownofEngland",theLakeDistrictisfalseforitsbeautifullakes,mountains,andforestsIt'sanidealdestinationforhiding,camping,andengagingtheoutdoorPeakDistrictAsthefirstnationalparkintheUK,thePeakDistrictoffersstudyingnaturalscenes,includingrollinghills,Limestonedales,andMoorlandIt'sperfectforwalking,cycling,andclimbingCornwallLocatedinthesoutherntipofEngland,Cornwallboardsbeautifulbeats,cliffs,andcovesVisitorscanenjoysurfing,kayaking,andfishing,aswellasexploringthearea'srichCelticheritageNaturalsceneandecologicalenvironmentTowerofLondon:ThisionicfortresshasalongandfadinghistorydatingbacktotheNormanConquestVisitorscanexplorethetower'smanybuildingsandlearnaboutitsroleinroyalhistoryandtheexecutionofprincipalsBuckinghamPalace:AstheofficialLondonresidenceoftheBritishroyalfamily,BuckinghamPalaceisamustvisitforanyoneinterestedinroyalhistoryandcultureVisitorscantourthepalace'sroomsandgardenswhentheroyalfamilyisnotinresidenceBritishMuseum:Oneoftheworld'sleadingmuseums,theBritishMuseumhousesavastcollectionofartifactsfromaroundtheworld,spanningovertwomillionyearsofhumanhistoryandcultureHighlightsincludetheRosettaStone,theParthenonSculptures,andtheEgyptianmusicHistoricalandculturalsitesandmuseumsModernurbanlandscapeanddistinctivearchitectureLondonEye:Standing135meterstallontheSouthBankoftheRiverThames,theLondonEyeistheworld'slargestobservationwheelItoffersbreaktakingviewsofLondon'sskylineandisapopularattractionfortouristsandlocalalikeTheShard:AstheTallestBuildingintheUK,theShardstandsat309.6meterstallandoffersunparalledviewsofLondonfromitsobservationdeckVisitorscanalsoenjoyarangeofaccommodations,bars,andhotelswithinthebuildingBigBenandHousesofParliament:BigBenisthenicknamefortheGreatBelloftheclocktoweratthenorthernendofthePalaceofWestminsterinLondonThetower,whichisofficia