英語復(fù)習熱點5 完形填空(新高考)-2021年高考英語【熱點重點難點】

熱點05完形填空

【命題趨勢】

在一篇250詞左右的短文中留出十五個空白（原來是二十個），要求考生從四個詞性或結(jié)構(gòu)相同的備選

項中選出最佳選項，使補全后的短文意思通順、前后連貫。本題型被選項涉及動詞、名詞、形容詞、詞組

和副詞，雖然不涉及近義詞辨析，但要牢記詞匯基本詞義并注意熟詞新意。本題型旨在考查考生在短文中

出現(xiàn)的語境、邏輯、固定搭配、行文習慣、文化習慣情況下靈活、準確使用詞匯、詞組的能力。

【滿分技巧】

解題時要考慮的要點：

在準確把握、篩選所有備選項詞義的情況下，考慮如下幾點：

A.考慮上下文的聯(lián)系

本題型所設(shè)的空白絕大部分與上下文有聯(lián)系。這種聯(lián)系可通過相互暗示、重復(fù)、注釋、同義或反義詞、

褒貶等線索體現(xiàn)出來。

B.考慮上下文語境

是否符合語境是確定答案必須考慮的方面。語境通過邏輯、語氣等體現(xiàn)。

C.考慮固定搭配、行文習慣、文化習慣以及常識、常理。

【技巧應(yīng)用】

下面以《2020年山東省高考英語試卷（新高考全國I卷）》為例來闡述《滿分技巧》的實際應(yīng)用：

A.原題

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehis

second21.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof22therefromaveryyoungage.

Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething23happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhit

theareaearlierthatyearandthe24itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.25,the

numberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He26thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotect

themfromthe27.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek28

duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe29departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.

However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand30anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.

31youngplantsinthedryseasonwas32foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe

33ofeachsapling（幼樹）abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholes

to34rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.

Molai35toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-

grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.

21.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice

22.A.natureB.youthC.cultureD.knowledge

23.A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbingD.awkward

24.A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.damage

25.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise

26.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.predicted

27.A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dust

28.A.directionsB.partnersC.helpD.shelter

29.A.laborB.policeC.forestD.finance

30.A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.leftD.managed

31.A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.WateringD.Guarding

32.A.toughB.illegalC.fantasticD.beneficial

33.A.backB.topC.footD.side

34.A.cooldownB.keepoffC.purifyD.collect

35.A.returnedB.learnedC.failedD.continued

【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.B

31.C32.A33.B34.D35.D

【解析】

這是一篇記敘文。Molai在印度的一個小村莊長大。16歲的時候，一場洪水導(dǎo)致他的家園遭受巨大損失。

樹木的缺乏導(dǎo)致這些動物失去了遮蔽物，很多鳥兒離開，蛇類數(shù)量減少。Molai決定改變這一切，他經(jīng)過

努力，在附近找到了一個小島，開始種樹。在30多年的時間里，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許

多動植物的家園。

(21題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個村莊位于一些濕地附近，那里成了他的第二個家。A.dream夢想；B.jobI

作；C.home家；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)空前的second可知，他出生的村莊是他的家，村莊附近的一些，濕

地”成為了他的第二個“家故選C。

(22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他從小就在那里了解到了大自然的價值和美麗。A.nature自然：B.youth青春，

年輕：C.culture文化；D.knowledge知識。濕地展現(xiàn)了“大自然”的價值和美。故選A。

【23題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:16歲時，Molai開始注意到他的家周圍發(fā)生了一些令人不安的事情。A.

precious寶貴的；B.interesting有趣的;C.disturbing令人不安的，引起煩惱的；D.awkward尷尬的，笨拙

的。該段后半部分提到:洪水侵襲，很多鳥兒離開，蛇的數(shù)量減少。這些情況都不正常，令人不安。故選C。

[24題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:那年早些時候，一場洪水襲擊了這個地區(qū)，洪水造成的損害趕走了很多鳥類。A.

waste廢物；B.tension緊張；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage損害，傷害。洪水侵襲這個地區(qū)，它會“損

害”莊稼、樹木，這些都會導(dǎo)致鳥兒們離開。故選D。

[25題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:此外，蛇的數(shù)量也減少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.

Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)aswell可知，洪水不僅導(dǎo)致很多鳥兒離開。而且，它還導(dǎo)致蛇的

數(shù)量減少。故選A。

[26題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他意識到這是因為沒有足夠的樹來保護它們免受炎熱的影響。A.agreed同意：B.

realized意識到：C.remembered記住，記起；D.predicted預(yù)測。Molai"意識到“鳥兒離開、蛇類減少是因為

沒有足夠的樹木。故選B。

【27題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他意識到這是因為沒有足夠的樹來保護它們免受炎熱的影響。A.noise噪音；B.

heat熱；C.disease疾??；D.dust塵土。根據(jù)常識可知，樹木可以提供陰涼，從而保護鳥類和蛇類免受炎熱

的影響。故選B。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當然，解決的辦法是種樹，這樣動物們就可以在白天尋找棲身之處。A.

directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help幫助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇護，遮蔽物。樹木可以給動

物們提供“遮蔽故選D。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他向森林部門求助，但被告知那里什么也不長。A.labor勞動；B.police警察；C.

forest森林;D.finance財政,金融。根據(jù)前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知,Molai

想要種樹，所以他應(yīng)該向“森林”部門求助。故選C。

[30題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，發(fā)現(xiàn)了附近的一個島嶼，他開始在那里種樹。A.

rebuilt重建;B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.left離開；D.managed設(shè)法做成。根據(jù)前面的“l(fā)ookingonhisown”可

知，他自己去看，那么接下來就應(yīng)該是他''發(fā)現(xiàn)”了一個小島。故選B。

[31題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:對一個孤獨的男孩來說，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A.Decorating裝飾：B.

Observing觀察到：C.Watering澆水：D.Guarding守衛(wèi)。該段后半部分敘述的是Molai想盡辦法收集水的

努力。再結(jié)合該句中的“thedryseason”可知，在旱季給幼苗“澆水”很難。故選C。

【32題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:對一個孤獨的男孩來說，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A.tough困難的；B.

illegal非法的；C.fantastic極好的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)該段后半部分的敘述可知，Molai想盡辦法

收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，給幼苗澆水很"難故選A。

【33題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:Molai在每棵樹苗的頂端都搭建了一個竹子平臺，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的陶

罐來收集雨水。A.back背部；B.top頂端;C.fbot腳;D.side一邊,一側(cè)。根據(jù)該段最后一句"Thewater

wouldthendripontheplantsbelow”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平臺應(yīng)該在每棵樹苗的‘頂

端”。故選B。

【34題詳解】

考查動詞（短語）辨析。句意:Molai在每棵樹苗的頂端都搭建了一個竹子平臺，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的

陶罐來收集雨水。A.cooldown冷卻下來;B.keepoff與保持距離;C.purify凈化，使純凈;D.collect

收集。根據(jù)常識可知，陶罐是用來盛水的。由此可知，他將陶罐放到竹子平臺上“收集”雨水。故選D。

【35題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在接下來的37年里，Molai繼續(xù)種樹。A.returned返回；B.learned學會；C.

failed失?。籇.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)后一句可知，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動植物的家

園。由此推知，在接下來的37年里，他“繼續(xù)”種樹。故選D。

【熱點話題】閱讀、健康、運動、社會熱點、垃圾分類等

【限時檢測】（建議用時.：4（）分鐘）

A

（山東省2021屆高三上學期期中考試英語試題（新高考））

話題：如何戰(zhàn)勝困難難度：★★★建議用時：7分鐘

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Pennsylvaniaisfullofmysteriousplaces!Oneofthoseisanoldturnpike（收費高速公路）41for

decades.Mydadloveshistory,andhelearneditwasopentothepublic.42,whenIwas14,wetookabike

tripto43thisroad!

Mydadchosea16-mile44oftheroadfbrustoride.PartofitincludedanoldtunnelcalledSideling

Hillwhichisoveramilelong!To45,wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourlightshadbatteries.Inthe

morning,weloadedourbikesintothecarandsetoff.Asweapproachedthetunnel,Ifelt46asitwas

absolutelyblackinside!ButDadencouragedme.Hesaidhewouldbebesideme.Heremindedmetostay

47andkeepmylighton!

Whenwe48thetunnel,thesoundofourbikeswasheardthroughthedarkness.Ishinedmyflashlight

aroundandsawwalls49ingraffiti（涂鴉）.AndIfeltlikeIwasbeing50!Iwasprettyscared,

but51onfollowingDadhelpedmerelax.Afterridinghalf-waythrough,Icouldseelightcomingfrom

theotherend,motivatingmetokeepgoing.AndIwassodelightedtorideoutintothebrightafternoon!

Whenevergoingthrough52inlife,Irememberthistrip.Itremindsmethatmyfatherisalways

besideme.Heturnsonthelightofhopeinmy53,aswellasgivesme54tokeepriding

throughlife's___55__tunnels.

41.A.designedB.destroyedC.abandonedD.locked

42.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile

43.A.exploreB.constructC.protectD.repair

44.A.tunnelB.sectionC.blockD.course

45.A.participateB.registerC.cooperateD.prepare

46.A.excitedB.nervousC.annoyedD.exhausted

47.A.silentB.curiousC.cautiousD.positive

48A.approachedB.observedC.constructedD.entered

49.A.coveredB.buriedC.absorbedD.dressed

50.A.forcedB.watchedC.abusedD.judged

51.A.dependingB.survivingC.callingD.focusing

52.A.accidentsB.hardshipsC.regulationsD.incidents

53.A.chestB.tripC.workD.heart

54.A.courageB.prideC.excitementD.enthusiasm

55.A.difficultB.distantC.darkD.long

B

（鄂州市部分高中聯(lián)考協(xié)作體2020高三上學期調(diào)研）

話題：有關(guān)烏鴉的故事難度：★★★|建議用時.：6分

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

I'dplannedtospendmyweekendinthesun,enjoyingflowersoutdoors.Butthatwas41thepairof

disgustingcrows（烏鴉）arrived.Outofnowhere,theyhadsetuptheirbase42inourbackyard.

Wefirst43ourfeatheredenemiesonFridaymorning.Itwasearly,andthesoundthebirdsmade

44throughourneighborhood.Ifiguredthey'd45soon.But,no.Theyweregettinglouderand

probably46myneighborsnearlyasmuchasuswiththenoise.IadmitIgotalittle47

Then,onSundayafternoon,IsawourdogQuatchistaringatsomethingontheground.Iwentto48

andfoundasmallcoal-blackbirdinthegrass.Itseyesweremilky,anditstayedperfectly49asmydog

walkedtowardsit.OnlywhenQuatchi50hisnosetoitsheaddiditwalkaway.I51thedoginside

andcamebackwithmycamera.

Itneveroccurredtomethattheyoungwouldbehangingoutontheground,growingandgaining52

asitsparentsguardeditfromabove.ThesecondIsawthislittlecreatureI53thecrows.

Tobehonest,I'veneverbeenmuchofabirdperson.AndIwishthey5dchosenanotherbackyard.ButI'malso

54thatIgottoseethislittlebitofnatureunfoldupclose.Ifsprettyamazing.

Theexperiencehasalso55mydesiretocreateabeautifulbackyardgardenthatattractslotsofbees,

butterflies,andyes,birds.Theyarewelcomehere.

41.A.afterB.whenC.untilD.before

42.A.organizationB.campC.businessD.trap

43.A.acceptedB.droveC.discoveredD.invited

44.A.traveledB.flewC.ranD.flowed

45.A.singB.fightC.falldownD.quietdown

46.A.attractingB.annoyingC.frighteningD.amusing

47.A.excitedB.amazedC.curiousD.desperate

48.A.preventB.defendC.exploreD.assist

49.A.coldB.enthusiasticC.stillD.friendly

50.A.touchedB?threwC.pointedD.connected

51.A.awardedB.lockedC.praisedD.fed

52.A.strengthB.pityC.advantageD.freedom

53.A.hatedB.respectedC.admiredD.forgave

54.A.pitifulB.gratefulC.painfulD.careful

55.A.discouragedB.ensuredC.strengthenedD.Proved

c

（三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟五市十校教研教改共同體2021屆高三11月大聯(lián)考）

話題：愛的傳遞難度：★★★建議用時：6分鐘

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Onmythirdbirthday,wemovedtothisneighborhood.Arleneandherhusband,Bill,livednextdoor,whohad

nochildren.Thereweren'tany41myagenearby,soImostlyplayedintheyardalone.ArleneandBillspentalot

oftimeworkinginthe42,andIwasalwaystalkingtothemfromouryard.Theywerenevertiredoflisteningto

me.Ithinkwhat43metothemisthatIalsothinktheysawalotofthemselvesinme-wewerealllonelykids.It

wasawonderful44

WhenIwasaboutfive,Ihadanidea45ItookBillandArleneintoourfamilyasmygrandparents.Myparents

madethe46thatIshouldaskthemdirectlyandsoIdid.Theystartedcryingand47accepted.Itistrulywonderful

forachild48herloveandadultsbeingsooveijoyedtoacceptit.Everychildinthisworld49enthusiastically

repaidlove.

FromthedayIacceptedthem,IcalledBillandArleneGrandpaandGrandmaandmyparentscalledthem

MomandDad.Overtheyears,BillandArlene50meinallmydreams.Theyencouragedmeto51^college,even

thoughIdidn*thavethemoneytogo.AndwhenIwas52toauniversity,theypresentedmewiththeirsavings.

Theytoldmethey'dbeen53moneysincethedayIcalledthemgrandparents.Fouryearslater,I54andnow

workasanofficial.

Arlenepassedawayin2013.BilltoldmethatArlenethoughtthegreatest55_ofherlifewasme,her

granddaughter.

41.A.relativesB.friendsC.classmatesD.kids

42.A.farmB.factoryC.gardenD.office

43.A.introducedB.urgedC.leftD.drew

44.A.occasionB.connectionC.performanceD.conversation

45.A.ifonlyB.evenifC+asthoughD.howcome

46.A.changeB,ruleC.proposalD.mistake

47.A.modestlyB.honestlyC.emotionallyD.peacefully

48.A.offeringB.concerningC.obtainingD.managing

49.A.presentsB.deservesC.deniesD.demands

50.A.supportedB.impressedC.comfortedD.persuaded

51.A.applyforB.movetoC.giveupD.lookinto

52.A.usedB.admittedC.knownD.limited

53.A.handingoutB.turninginC.takingoverD.puttingaway

54.A.graduatedB.regrettedC.quittedD.hesitated

55.A.discriminationB.achievementC.responsibilityD.happiness

D

（2020?遼寧中山?大連二十四中高三其他）

話題：作者對兒子的擔憂和愿望難度：★★★建議用時：7分

Aparenfshopesfor2030

When2010arrived,mysonwasonlyayearold-tinyand1themasterofafewbasicwords,butstill

mostlythebabywe*dwelcomedintotheworld,2allhisfirsttimes.

Nowmybabyhasgrownintoa(n)3—tall,strong,stout,andsmart,a(n)4ofAkiraKurosawa

samuraimovies.

A5fromnow,in2030,hewillbeanadult.Iexpectthenext10yearstoflyby,andbefilledwith

6.As2020begins.Iamthinkingaboutthekindofworldmysonwill7andexperience.I8for

him,andforalltheyoungpeopleofhisage.SoIhaveseveral9fortheworldmysonandhisgeneration

willlivein：

Ihopewefinallyget10aboutclimatechange.Polariceismelting.Theoceansare11.The

questionis12whetherwecanstopclimatechange,butwhetherwe'rewillingandabletodoanythingto

13it.

I'mnotsurewhatawarmingplanetwillmeanformyson*slife.I14itmeanshewillliveinaworld

wherenationsandgroups15limitedresourceslikecleanwaterandfood,whichmeansthatthedangerof

climatechangewon*tcomejustfromwarmerclimate,butfromotherhumanscompetingforcontroloverwhat's

16.

Theworldisalwaysgoingtobefullof17abouthowtosolvethechallengesweface.Ihope,too,that

myson'sgenerationlearnsto18justice—buttodosowithbigheartandhumility,recognizingour

commonhumanity（人性）evenwithpeoplewho19us.

Theworldof2030won'tbuilditself.Weare20itnow,somyfinalwishisthatwebuildthekindof

worldweactuallywantourchildrentolivein.

1.A.specialB.generousC.intelligentD.dependent

2.A.observingB.showingC.presentingD.congratulating

3.A.athleteB.adolescentC.adultD.kid

4.A.funB.sponsorC.loverD.reader

5.A.intervalB.centuryC.spanD.decade

6.A.amusementsB.experiencesC.processesD.changes

7.A.foundB.struggleC.faceD.shake

8.A.worryB.sacrificeC.guessD.promise

9.A.plansB.methodsC.hopesD.tips

10.A.particularB.seriousC.optimisticD.enthusiastic

11.A.raisingB.risingC.growingD.arising

12.A.forsureB.asusualC.nolongerD.tillnow

13.A.slowB.recordC.acceptD.undertake

14.A.suspectB.astonishC.wonderD?declare

15.A.pickupB.fightoverC.turndownD.takepart

16.A.finishedB.continuedC.remainedD.left

17.A.goalsB.signsC.disagreementsD.results

18.A.escapeB.expressC.seekD.affect

19.A.differfromB.agreewithC.refertoD.callfbr

20.A.blamingB.admiringC.provingD.creating

E

話題：美國初創(chuàng)公司如何幫助貧困地區(qū)的人民難度：★★★建議用時：7分鐘

（2020?安徽高三二模）RwandaisasmallcountryinEastAfricawithaboutmorethan13millionpeople.

ThelandlockedcountryisoneofthefastestgrowingeconomiesinAfrica.1,almosthalfofthepopulation

stillliveinpoverty.

Manypeoplelivein2wherethereisnodoctor.Medicalsuppliessuchas3,vaccines（疫苗）

orevenbloodare4toreachtheseareas.

Zipline,anAmericanstart-upcompany,nowhelpspeopleinremoteareastogetbetter5.A

multinationalteamofengineershasbeen6tobuildadrone（無人機）thatcandelivermedicinetowhereit

ismostneeded.

Rwandaiswheretheirplanshavebeenmetwith7fromthegovernmentandthecountry'scivil

aviation（民用航空）authority.

“Rwandaisthefirstcountryto8usthroughthedesignprocessofthedronetofigureouthowtodo

this,^^saidKeenanWyrobek,a9ofZipline.

Ifahospitalora10isinanareathatisdifficultto11,theZiplinedronecandeliverthe

medicalsupplieseasilyandmuchquickerthanviaroadtransport.

Doctorsorhealthcareworkersjustneedtosenda12tothebasestationandthedeliverywillbe

dispatched（派遣）viadronequicklyand13.Sothevitalsuppliesaredroppedoffbythedronewherethe

itemsare14.Nowitonlytakes30minutesfromthetimethe15isplacedtothedelivery.

“Iusedtoseethedronesflyandthinktheymustbe16untilthesamedronecametomeandsavedmy

17Theyareamazing,"saidAliceMutimutuje,amotherwhofellseriouslyillonce.

Thedroneshavealreadysuccessfullycompletedmorethan12,00018inthelastyears.InJanuary2019,

thecompany19theirprojectinAfricaandthe29millionpeopleintheWestAfricaGhanawillsoonbenefit

fromthisnew20,too.

1.A.OtherwiseB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Moreover

2.A.botanicgardensB.citycentresC.departmentstoresD.remoteareas

3.A.medicinesB.musclesC.headachesD.thoughts

4.A.likelyB.difficultC.enoughD.certain

5.A.healthcareB.roadconditionsC.foodprovidersD.publiceducation

6.A.dismissedB.organizedC.imitatedD.defeated

7.A.approvalB.curiosityC.discriminationD.strangers

8.A.catchupwithB.operateonC.runawayfromD.workwith

9.A.pilotB.doctorC.designerD.driver

10.A.schoolB.clinicC.groceryD.market

11.A.constructB.describeC.understandD.access

12.A.teamB.messageC.presentD.ticket

13.A.emotionallyB.patientlyC.effectivelyD.privately

14.A.neededB.discoveredC.producedD.exported

15.A.tableB.fileC.emphasisD.order

16.A.kindB-realC.curiousD.useless

17.A.soulB.lifeC.childrenD.mother

18.A.novelsB.formsC.deliveriesD.applications

19.A.identifiedB.abandonedC.expandedD.observed

20.A.technologyB.recreationC.headlineD.surgeon

F

話題：公司留住老客戶的重要性難度：★★★建議用時：7分鐘

（2020?浙江紹興?高三一模）Everyoneinbusinesshasbeentoldthatsuccessisallaboutattractingand

retaining（留?。ヽustomers.Itsounds1andachievable.But,2,wordsofwisdomaresoonforgotten.

Oncecompanieshaveattractedcustomerstheyoften3thesecondhalfofthestory.Intheexcitementof

beatingoffthecompetition,negotiatingprices,securingorders,anddeliveringtheproduct,managerstendto

become4.Theyforgetwhattheyregardastheboringsideofbusiness--5thatthecustomer

remainsacustomer.

6toconcentrateonretainingaswellasattractingcustomerscostsbusinesshugeamountsofmoney

annually.Ithasbeenestimatedthattheaveragecompanylosesbetween10and30percentofitscustomersevery

year.Inconstantlychanging7,thisisnotsurprising.Whatissurprisingisthefactthatfewcompanieshave

any8howmanycustomerstheyhavelost.

Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptothoselostopportunitiesandcalculatethe9

implications.Cuttingdownthenumberofcustomersacompanylosescanmakeabig10inits

performance.ResearchintheUSfoundthatafivepercentdecreaseint