GSMA：2024年移動(dòng)凈零報(bào)告 Mobile Net Zero 2024 State of the Industry on Climate Action

MobileNetZero2024

StateoftheIndustry

onClimateAction

Copyright?2024GSMAssociation

TheGSMAisaglobalorganisationunifyingthemobileecosystemtodiscover,developanddeliverinnovationfoundationalto

positivebusinessenvironmentsand

societalchange.Ourvisionistounlockthefullpowerofconnectivitysothatpeople,industryandsocietythrive.

Representingmobileoperatorsand

organisationsacrossthemobileecosystemandadjacentindustries,theGSMAdeliversforitsmembersacrossthreebroadpillars:ConnectivityforGood,IndustryServices

andSolutions,andOutreach.Thisactivityincludesadvancingpolicy,tacklingtoday’sbiggestsocietalchallenges,underpinningthetechnologyandinteroperabilitythat

makemobilework,andprovidingthe

world’slargestplatformtoconvenethemobileecosystemattheMWCandM360seriesofevents.

Weinviteyoutofindoutmoreat

.

FollowtheGSMAonTwitter:

@GSMA

GSMA

Inteligence

GSMAIntelligenceisthedefinitive

sourceofglobalmobileoperatordata,

analysisandforecasts,andapublisher

ofauthoritativeindustryreportsand

research.Ourdatacoverseveryoperatorgroup,networkandMVNOinevery

countryworldwide–fromAfghanistan

toZimbabwe.Itisthemostaccurateandcompletesetofindustrymetricsavailable,comprisingtensofmillionsofindividual

datapoints,updateddaily.

GSMAIntelligenceisreliedonbyleading

operators,vendors,regulators,financial

institutionsandthird-partyindustryplayerstosupportstrategicdecision-makingandlong-terminvestmentplanning.Thedata

isusedasanindustryreferencepointandisfrequentlycitedbythemediaandby

theindustryitself.

Ourteamofanalystsandexpertsproduceregularthought-leadingresearchreportsacrossarangeofindustrytopics.

info@

Contents

Foreword4

ExecutiveSummary5

1.NetZeroAmbition7

Climatetargets9

GSMAClimateActionTaskforce13

2.Trackingprogressonclimateaction14

Understandingclimaterisksandopportunities15

Mobileindustryemissions17

3.Emissionsfrommobileoperators20

Operationalemissions21

Electricityuse22

Energyefficiency24

Renewableenergy26

4.Emissionsfromsupplychainsandcustomers27

Scope3emissions28

Circulareconomy30

5.Adaptationandresilience32

Enhancingtheclimateresilienceofnetworks33

Enablingclimateresilience34

TheGSMAInnovationFundforClimateResilienceandAdaptation2.035

6.Enablingclimateaction36

Enablingemissionreductions37

EuropeanGreenDigitalCoalition38

7.Recommendationstoaccelerateprogress39

8.Regionalinsights42

AsiaPacific43

Europe44

GreaterChina45

LatinAmerica46

MiddleEastandNorthAfrica47

NorthAmerica48

Sub-SaharanAfrica49

Annex:Methodology50

Datasources51

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

Emissionsfrom

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Adaptation

andresilience

5

Enabling

climateaction

6

supplychainsand

customers

4

Foreword

Weentered2024againstthebackdropofunprecedentedclimatechallenges

affectingpeopleandbusinessesandcascadingtoallaspectsofsociety.

Inresponse,thecollectiveresolveforchange,bothinbusinessandsociety,ismorepalpablethanever.Weare

proudofthecontinuouseffortsmadebythemobileindustryand,sincewesetourambitiousgoalofachieving

netzeroemissionsby2050in2019,

mobileoperatorshavetakendecisiveaction.Animpressive70–oralmosthalfofglobalmobileconnections–

havecommittedtonear-termscience-basedtargets.

Asweunveilthefourthannualassessmentoftheindustry’sprogresstowardsthis

netzerogoal,itisevidentthat,althoughchallengesremain,significantstrides

havebeenmade.Despitetheglobal

surgeindatademandandcoverage,

emissionsfromoperatorsfellby6%

between2019and2022.Severalregionshavewitnessedtangiblereductions,

withEuropeleadingthechargewitharemarkable50%decrease.

Butthejourneyaheaddemands

accelerationandreplicationofsuccess

acrossallregionsandsectors.Withthree-quartersofthemobileindustry’scarbonemissionsstemmingfromtheScope3

valuechain,engagingsuppliersand

customersbecomescrucial.Thenecessity

ofcircularity,ofboostingreuse,repairand

recyclingofmobilephonesandnetwork

equipment,hasbeenunderscoredbythe

circularitytargetsthatweannouncedin

June2023–andwhichhavealreadybeen

adoptedby15operatorsworldwide.

Importantly,collaborationemergesasthe

linchpinforsuccess.With70operators

publiclydisclosingtheirclimateimpacts

andagrowingnumberjoiningtheGSMA

ClimateActionTaskforce,theindustry

iswitnessinganunprecedentedlevelof

collectiveactionandtransparency.

Similarly,ourengagementwiththepublic

sector,governmentsandinternational

institutionstocollaborateonclimate

actionkeepsonexpanding.AtCOP28,

wejoinedforceswithotherdigital

ecosystemplayerstoraiseawarenessof

theenablingpowerofconnectivityto

addressclimatechallenges.We–alongside120nationsandaresoundingchorusof

privatesectorvoices–joinedthecallto

triplerenewablescapacityanddouble

energyefficiencyprogressby2030.

Webelievethatgreatercollaboration

willresultingreateropportunitiesfor

systemicchanges,andwearecommittedtosupportingourmembersonthisjourneytowardsasustainabledigitalfuture.

AlixJagueneau

HeadofExternalAffairs,GSMA

5

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

Emissionsfrom

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Adaptation

andresilience

5

Enabling

climateaction

6

supplychainsand

customers

4

ExecutiveSummary

Climateactioncontinuestobeakeypriorityforthemobileindustry.In

2019,themobileindustrysetagoaltoreachnetzeroby2050,becomingoneofthefirstsectorsintheworld

tosetsuchanambitioustarget.Thisreportisthefourthannualassessmentoftheindustry’sprogresstowards

thisgoalanditprovideskey

recommendationsforhowmobile

networkoperators,suppliersand

governmentscanworktogetherto

accelerateprogressacrossthesector.

MoremobilenetworkoperatorsjoinedtheGSMAClimateActionTaskforcein2023.

TheTaskforcehasgrownrapidlyoverthelastthreeyearsandnowhas66members,withnetworksinmostcountriesaround

theworld.

MNOsareleadersinproactivelycommittingtovoluntaryclimatetargets.Overthepastyear,eightoperatorssubmittednewnear-termtargetstotheScienceBasedTargetsInitiative(SBTi),bringingthetotalto70operatorsandrepresentingnearlyhalfofglobalmobile

connections.Fifty-threeoperatorshavealsocommittedtonetzerotargets.

Agrowingnumberofoperatorsare

publiclydisclosingtheirclimateimpacts.

Seventymobilenetworkoperators

representingmorethanhalfofmobile

connectionsgloballydisclosedtothe

CDPin2023,comparedwith67operators

in2022.Inaddition,datawasgathered

fromninelargeoperators’sustainability

reports,bringingthetotalcoverageof

disclosuresto80%ofconnections.

Thequalityofdisclosureshasimproved:

arecord19operatorsreceivedanAscore

in2023.Morethanaquarterofoperators

disclosingtoCDPreceivedanA,compared

withjust1.5%ofallcompaniesdisclosing

toCDPin2023.OperatorsalsoimprovedthecoverageandqualityofScope3disclosures–themostdifficulttomeasure–withnearlytwo-thirdsofoperatorsdisclosingtotheCDP10ormoreScope3categories.

Three-quartersofthemobileindustry’s

carbonemissioncomefromitsvaluechain

(Scope3),highlightingtheimportanceof

engagingsupplychainsandcustomers.

Morethan90%ofScope3emissions

camefromjustfiveScope3categories:

1)Purchasedgoodsandservices;2)

Capitalgoods;3)Fuel-andenergy-related

activities;11)Useofsoldproducts;and

15)Investments.

NetZero

Ambition

1

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

Emissionsfrom

supplychainsand

customers

4

Adaptationandresilience

5

Enabling

climateaction

6

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Regionalinsights

8

Operationalemissionsfellinmostregionsbetween2019and2022,ledbya50%reductioninEurope.

InNorthAmerica,LatinAmericaandMiddleEast

andNorthAfrica,operatorsreducedtheiremissionsby20–30%.Achievingthesector’s2030targets

requirestheindustry’soverallemissions,includingScope3,tofallbyaround7%peryearto2030.

Operationalemissionshavefallendespitesurgingdemandfordataandconnectivity,thanksto

progressonenergyefficiencyandrenewable

energy.Between2019and2022,globalinternet

trafficmorethandoubledandmobileconnectionsrose7%whilecombinedScope1and2(market-

based)emissionsfell6%.

Highandvolatileenergypricesoverthepastthreeyearshaveincreasedtheurgencyofmaximising

energyefficiency.Informationfromoperatorsshowsthattheenergyintensityofdatatransmissionfellbyanaverageof10-20%peryearbetween2019and

2022.Globally,theaverageconnectionconsumedaround30kWhin2022,withsignificantvariationbetweencountries.

Renewableenergyisalreadyplayingamajorroleinreducingmobileoperators’emissions,accountingforathirdofreductionsbetween2021and2022.

OperatorsdisclosingtoCDPpurchased50TWhofrenewableelectricityin2022–one-thirdof

theirpurchasedelectricity,upfrom14%in2019.Withouttheserenewableenergypurchases,

operationalcarbonemissionsareestimatedtohavebeen15milliontonneshigherin2022.

Increasingthecircularityofmobilephones

andnetworkequipmentiscriticaltoreducingvaluechainemissions.InJune2023,theGSMAannouncedtwonewcircularitytargetstoreducetheenvironmentalimpactofmobilephonesbyboostingtheircircularitythroughreuse,repair

andrecycling.AsofJanuary2024,15operatorshavesigneduptothenewtargets,representingabillionmobileconnections.

Achievingtheindustry’snetzerogoalrequiresconcertedactionfromoperatorsandsuppliers,supportedbypoliciesandinvestmentfrom

governments.Foroperatorsandsuppliers,thebiggestopportunitiesareinenergyefficiency,renewableenergyandcircularity.Governmentsshouldplayakeyenablingroleacrossthese

areasbyimplementingstrongclimatepoliciesandensuringenergymarketsandregulationsencourageinvestmentinrenewableenergy

andgrids.

6

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

Emissionsfrom

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Adaptation

andresilience

5

Enabling

climateaction

6

supplychainsand

customers

4

1.NetZeroAmbition

8

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

Emissionsfrom

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Enabling

climateaction

6

Adaptation

andresilience

5

supplychainsand

customers

4

In2019,themobileindustry

setanambitiousgoaltoreach

netzeroby2050.Thisreport

isthefourthannualassessment

oftheindustry’sprogress

towardsthisgoal.

InFebruary2019,theBoardoftheGSMAmadea

milestonecommitment–totransformthemobile

industrytoreachnetzerocarbonemissionsby2050.

Themobileindustrybecameoneofthefirstsectors

intheworldtosetsuchanambitioustarget.

Thisreportisthefourthannualassessmentofthe

industry’sprogresstowardsnetzeroby2050.

Thereportaimstoanswerthreekeyquestions:

1.Whatprogressdidthemobilesectormaketowardsnetzeroin2022?

2.Isthesectoron

tracktoreachits

short-andlong-termclimatetargets?

3.Whereisprogressbeingmadethat

couldbereplicatedtoachievenetzero?

9

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

Emissionsfrom

Adaptation

andresilience

5

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Enabling

climateaction

6

supplychainsand

customers

4

Climatetargets

Agrowingnumberofmobilenetworkoperators

worldwidehavecommittedtorapidlyreducetheir

carbonemissions,takingresponsibilityfortheir

operationalemissionsaswellastheirindirect

emissionsupanddowntheirvaluechains.

Near-termscience-basedtargets(SBTs)aredefined

bytheScience-BasedTargetsInitiative(SBTi)toset

carbon-reductiontargetsinlinewithlimitingglobal

warming.First,anorganisationcommitstoatarget,

thenitisvalidatedagainstatargetlevel.Validated

targetsareinlinewiththeambitionofthemobile

sectortobenetzeroby2050.

Netzerotargetsarecorporatecommitmentsto

reduceScope1,2and3by2050inlinewiththe

UN-ledRacetoZeroCampaign.

Validatednetzerotargetsarenetzerotargetsthat

havebeensubmittedtotheSBTiandvalidatedby

ateamoftechnicalexpertsofemissionsreduction

targetsagainstthequalitativeandquantitative

corporatecriteria.

CASESTUDY

HowTelefónicaBrazilis

AchievingClimateTargets

Findoutmore

10

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

Overthepastyear,eightoperatorssubmittednewnear-termscience-basedtargetsto

theScienceBasedTargetsInitiative(SBTi),bringingtheglobaltotalto70operatorsasoftheendofJanuary2024.

Theseoperatorsrepresentnearlyhalfof

allmobileconnectionsgloballyandtwo-thirdsofrevenue(seeFigure1).Nearly

three-quartersofthesetargets(50)havebeenvalidatedbySBTi,representingmorethan40%ofallmobileconnections.

Inadditiontothesenear-termtargets,53operatorshavealsosetlonger-termtargetstoachievenetzero(seeTable1).Twelve

net-zerotargetswerevalidatedoverthepastyear,bringingtheindustrytotalto16.

Forinformationexplaininghowtoset

science-basedtargetsformobilenetwork

operators,seetheGSMA’sstep-by-step

guideon

SettingClimateTargets1.

Emissionsfrom

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Adaptation

andresilience

5

Enabling

climateaction

6

supplychainsand

customers

4

mobileoperatorshavecommittedtoscience-basedtargets(SBTs)asofJanuary2024,

accountingfor...

70

68%

ofrevenueandnearlyhalfofallmobile

connections

40%

ofallmobileconnectionsrepresentedbyvalidatedSBTItargets

Figure1|Mobileoperators’near-termscience-basedtargets

Numberofoperators

70

60

50

40

30

20

68%

70

62

operators

representing

50

48%

ofconnections

ofrevenues

10

0

2021

2022

2023

Source:GSMAanalysisbasedonSBTi(2023)

1/betterfuture/resources/setting-climate-targets

11

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

NETZEROTARGET

Emissionsfrom

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Enabling

climateaction

6

Adaptation

andresilience

5

supplychainsand

customers

4

Table1|Operators’climatetargets

Asof31January2024

NEAR-TERM

SCIENCE-BASEDTARGET

COMPANY

2degrees1.5°C

A11.5°C2050

AlgarTelecomCommitted

AlticeCommitted2050

AméricaMóvil1.5°C2050

AT&T1.5°C

AxianCommitted

AxiataCommitted2050

BellCanada1.5°C2050

BhartiAirtel1.5°C2050

BouyguesTelecom1.5°C

BTGroup1.5°C2041

CelcomDigiCommitted2050

ChunghwaTelecom1.5°C2050

CKHutchison1.5°C2050

DeutscheTelekom1.5°C2040

Elisa1.5°C2040

e&1.5°C

FarEasTone1.5°C2048

GlobeCommitted2050

G0MaltaCommitted2050

Iliad1.5°C2050

JTGroupWellbelow2°C

KDDI1.5°C2050

KPN1.5°C2040

LGUplus

Committed

LibertyCostaRica

Committed

LibertyGlobal1.5°C

M11.5°C

MagyarTelekom1.5°C2050

Millicom1.5°C2050

MTN1.5°C2040

NOS1.5°C2050

NTTDocomo1.5°C2040

Orange1.5°C2040

PPFCommitted

Continuedb

12

Tracking

progresson

climateaction

2

Recommendations

toaccelerate

progress

7

Emissions

frommobile

operators

3

NETZEROTARGET

Emissionsfrom

NetZero

Ambition

1

Regional

insights

8

Adaptation

andresilience

5

Enabling

climateaction

6

supplychainsand

customers

4

NEAR-TERM

SCIENCE-BASEDTARGET

COMPANY

Proximus1.5°C2040

RakutenCommitted

RelianceJio1.5°C2050

RogersCommitted2050

SafaricomWellbelow2°C2050

SaudiTelecomCompany1.5°C2050

Singtel1.5°C2045

SKTelecom1.5°C2050

SoftBank1.5°C2050

SparkNewZealand1.5°C

StarHub1.5°C2050

Swisscom1.5°C2035

T-MobileNederlandCommitted2050

T-MobileUSA1.5°C2040

TaiwanMobile1.5°C2050

TDCNET1.5°C2030

Tele21.5°C2035

TelecomLiechtenstein1.5°C

Telefónica1.5°C