九年級(jí)英語主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)課件

9thgradeEnglishactiveandpassivevoicecourseware目錄contentsThedefinitionsofactiveandpassivevoiceTheusageofactivevoiceTheUsageofPassiveVoiceTheConversionofActiveVoiceandPassiveVoicePracticeandconsolidation01ThedefinitionsofactiveandpassivevoiceActivevoiceisagraphicalconstructioninwhichthesubjectperformstheactionoftheverbItisthemostcommonvoiceusedinEnglish,asitisthemostdirectandconsensuswaytoexpressanactionExample:"Johnranthemarathon"(subject"John"performstheaction"ran")ThedefinitionofactivevoiceItisformedbyusingtheauxiliaryverb"tobe"or"be"withthepastparticleofthemainverbExample:"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn"(subject"thebook"receivedtheaction"written")PassivevoiceisagraphicalconstructioninwhichthesubjectreceivestheactionoftheverbThedefinitionofpassivevoicePassivevoicemayalsobeusedtosoftthetoneofapresenceortoavoidresponsibilityornameActivevoiceisdirect,consensus,andemphasizesthesubjectperformingtheactionPassivevoiceismoreformal,oftenusedtoshiftemphasisawayfromtheperformeroftheaction,orwhentheperformerisunknownorunimportantComparisonbetweenactiveandpassivevoices02TheusageofactivevoiceUseactivevoicetoexpressobjectiveandverifiableinformation,suchashistoricalevents,scientificdiscoveries,andweatherreportsActivevoiceismoredirectandconsensus,makingitsuitableforconveyingimportantinformationinaclearandeffectivemannerUseactivevoicetocommunicateinformationthatrequiresspecificattentionorurgentactionStatefactsUseactivevoicetoexpresspersonalopinionsandattributes,allowingthereadertounderstandthespeaker'sperspectiveonasubjectWhenexpressingopinionsorattributes,itisimportanttouselanguagethatisrelevantandavoidingsoundstoovagueorbiasedActivevoicecanbeusedtoemphasizetheimportanceofthespeaker'sviewpointortoexpressstrongemotionsorreactionsExpressingopinionsandattributesUseactivevoicetoemphasizethepersonorthingresponsiblefortheactiondescribedinasentenceActivevoicehelpstobringfocusontheinitiatoroftheaction,makingitclearwhoorwhatisperformingthetaskoractionWhenemphasizingtheinitiator,itisimportanttoensurethatthecontextmakessenseandthattheinformationispresentedinalogicalandcoherentmanEmphasizetheinitiatoroftheaction03TheUsageofPassiveVoiceThepassivevoiceisoftenusedwhentheidentityofthepersonperformingtheactionisunimportantorunknownItcanbeusedtoconceptualizetheidentityoftheactor,specificallyincasesoftransparencyordelicacyInscientificandobjectivewriting,thepassivevoiceisoftenpreferredtomaintainobjectivityandavoidsubjectivelanguageNotemphasizingtheinitiatoroftheaction01Thepassivevoicecanbeusedtofocusattentionontherecipientoftheaction,ratherthanthepersonperformingit02Thiscanbeusedtohighlighttheimportanceorsignificanceoftheactionreceiver,ortocreateasenseofdramaorsuspension03Innewsreporting,forexample,thepassivevoiceisoftenusedtoidentifythevictimorreceiverofaneventratethantheperceiverEmphasizetheactionreceiverThepassivevoiceisoftenusedtodescribeobjectivefactsoruniversalphenomenathatarenotinfluencedbyindividualactionsoragencyItcanbeusedtocreateasenseofneutralityandobjectivityinscientific,historical,orobjectivewritingThepassivevoicecanalsobeusedtoavoidbiasorsubjectivityinlanguage,ensuringthatinformationispresentedinaneutralandunbiasedMannerDescribeobjectivefactsoruniversalphenomena04TheConversionofActiveVoiceandPassiveVoiceIdentifyingtheexecutorofanaction:Inactivevoicesentences,theactionisperformedbyacertainexecutor,andweneedtofindthatexecutor.Replaceverbform:Replacethepredicateverbintheoriginalsentencewiththecorrespondingformofthepassivevoice,thatis,"beverb+pastparticiple".Maintaintenseconsistency:Ensurethatthetransformedsentencetenseisconsistentwiththeoriginalsentence.Advancetheexecutor:Placetheexecutoroftheactionatthesubjectpositionofthesentenceandadjustothercomponentsaccordingly.ConvertactivevoicetopassivevoiceConvertpassivevoicetoactivevoiceIdentifyingthereceiverofanaction:Inpassivevoicesentences,thereceiverofanactionisthesubjectofthesentence,andweneedtofindthisreceiver.Advancethereceiver:Placethereceiveroftheactionatthepredicatepositionofthesentenceandadjustothercomponentsaccordingly.Replaceverbform:Replacethepredicateverbintheoriginalsentencewiththecorrespondingformoftheactivevoice.Maintaintenseconsistency:Ensurethatthetransformedsentencetenseisconsistentwiththeoriginalsentence.Notesduringtheconversionprocess010203Payattentiontotheconsistencyoftenseandvoice:Duringtheconversionprocess,specialattentionshouldbepaidtomaintainingtheconsistencyoftenseandvoicetoensurethegrammaticalcorrectnessofthesentence.Understandingsentencemeaning:Duringtheconversionprocess,itisimportanttounderstandthemeaningofthesentenceandavoidchangingtheoriginalmeaning.Practiceandconsolidation:Throughextensivepracticeandconsolidation,proficientlymasterthetechniquesforconvertingactiveandpassivevoices.05PracticeandconsolidationDesigningmultiplechoicequestionsthatfocusontheuseofactiveandpassivevoiceindifferentcontexts,suchasnarratives,descriptiveparagraphs,andargumentativeessaysProvidingfeedbackonthestudent'sanswers,clarifyingthecorrectusageofactiveandpassivevoice,and