小升初語法專題復(fù)習(xí)-基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞的用法（講義）-人教PEP版英語六年級下冊

小升初語法專題復(fù)習(xí)——基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞的用法一、知識點(diǎn)講解：重點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)：語法點(diǎn)總結(jié)：數(shù)詞（一）定義與分類1.數(shù)詞是指表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞。2.分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。（1）表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞，如one,five,ten,thirty,sixtyfive等。（2）表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞，如first,sixth,tenth,twentyfirst等。（3）基數(shù)詞表示兩位數(shù)時(shí)，在十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間添連字符“”；表示三位數(shù)時(shí)，在百 位數(shù)和十位數(shù)間加“and”；如果沒有十位數(shù)，則百位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間用and連接。表達(dá) 多位數(shù)序數(shù)詞時(shí)，規(guī)則一樣，只是把最后的個(gè)位數(shù)寫成序數(shù)詞。（4）數(shù)詞用法相當(dāng)于名詞和形容詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語、同位語等。注意，序數(shù)詞前要加the?！净鶖?shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的變化規(guī)則】 1.基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目，序數(shù)詞表示順序。 2.基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞的規(guī)律：基變序，有規(guī)律，一、二、三特殊記，加th從四起，ve結(jié)尾用f替，第八去t第九去e,ty變成tie，再加th別忘記，若要變成第幾十幾，只變個(gè)位就可以。Onetwothreeeightfiveninetwelvetwentytwentyone（二）基數(shù)詞1.英語中沒有“萬”這個(gè)讀數(shù)單位，要表示漢語中的“萬”，英語需借用thousand一詞，如“一 萬”用“十個(gè)千”表示(tenthousand)，“十萬”用“一百個(gè)千”表示(onehundredthousand)。354讀作threehundredandfiftyfour75,206讀作seventyfivethousandtwohundredandsix2.基數(shù)詞112是獨(dú)立的詞，1319都是以teen結(jié)尾的詞，基數(shù)詞2090整數(shù)詞都是以ty結(jié)尾，都是非重讀音節(jié)。（）What’ssixandfive?It’s_________.A.elevenB.twelveC.thirteen基數(shù)詞2199都是由“幾十”和“幾”合起來構(gòu)成，詞中間加連字符，并分別重讀。如：21twentyone,23twentythree,34thirtyfour,45fortyfive,56fiftysix,99ninetynine.（）Thereare_________studentsinourclass.A.fiftyfourB.fifteenfourC.fivetenfourD.fivetyfour4.基數(shù)詞101999，先讀“幾百”，再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)。“百”是單數(shù)形式，末兩位數(shù)之間加連字符“”。（）Thereare______daysinayear.A.threehundredsandsixtyfiveB.threehundredandsixtyfiveC.threehundredsixtyfive5.10000以上的數(shù)；先從后向前數(shù)，每三位加“，”，第一個(gè)“，”號前為thousand,第二個(gè)“，”前為million,每三個(gè)“，”前為billion（美式）或thousandmillion（英式）。一千onethousand,一萬tenthousand,十萬onehundredthousand,一百萬onemillion,一千萬tenmillion，一億onehundredmillion,十億onethousandmillion或onebillion（）Canyouwritethenumbereightyfivethousand,sixhundredandtwentysix?Yes,itis_________.A.85662B.85626C.58662D.586266.不加s.百hundred,千thousand,百萬million等詞前與數(shù)字連用時(shí)，詞尾不可加“s”。例句：Abouttwothousandpeoplediedintheearthquake.大約有兩千人在地震中喪生。（）Myfatherhasgoteight_______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.hundredsB.hundredC.hundredsof7.要加s。百hundred,千thousand,百萬million等詞與介詞of連用時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表不確定數(shù)目，其前不可與數(shù)字連用。“hundredsof”是“數(shù)以百計(jì)的”，“成百上千的”；“thousandsof”為“數(shù)以千計(jì)的”，“成千上萬的”；“millionsof”為“數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的”，“數(shù)百萬的”。例句：Thousandsofpeoplegototheseasideeveryyear.每年成千上萬的人到海濱去。（）Thefilmstarisgoingtospenddollarsonanewdressfortheingparty.A.threethousandsB.thousandsofC.thousandofD.threethousandsof8.復(fù)合形容詞不用復(fù)數(shù)。基數(shù)詞可與其他詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞。這種合成形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)為：“數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞”。復(fù)合形容詞中，名詞不用復(fù)數(shù)。（）Eachofushastowritea_______reporteverytwoweeks.twohundredwordB.twohundredswordC.twohundredswords D.twohundredwords9.表示整十的基數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示人的大約歲數(shù)或年代。例句：Heisinhisearlytwenties.他才二十出頭。Thistookplaceinthe1930s.這事發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)30年代。10.基數(shù)詞表示順序，結(jié)構(gòu)為：“單數(shù)名詞+基數(shù)詞”。（）Thechildrenaregoingtolearn_______thedayaftertomorrow.A.LessonThirdB.theLessonthreeC.LessonThree（三）序數(shù)詞：表示順序的數(shù)詞。1.第一，第二，第三為first,second,third或1st,2nd,3rd.2.許多序數(shù)詞是由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后加詞尾th構(gòu)成的，如four/fourth，six/sixth，ten/tenth，sixteen/sixteenth3.基數(shù)詞5，8，9，12變序數(shù)詞時(shí)需要改變原形式后再加th,fivefifth變ve為f,eighteighth只一個(gè)t,nineninth去e，twelvetwelfth變ve為f。4.“第幾十”都將“ty”改為“tieth”多個(gè)單詞時(shí)，僅最后一個(gè)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。（）Weallthinkthatthe_______centurywillbringusmorehopes.A.twentyfirstB.twentiethfirstC.twentyoneD.twentiethone5.非整十的多位數(shù)，將個(gè)位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞即可：twentyfirst(第21)，thirtysixth(第36)，ninetyninth(第99)，threehundredandsixtyfifth(第365)等。6.hundred,thousand,million等序數(shù)詞形式為hundredth,thousandth,millionth等。7.序數(shù)詞前通常要用定冠詞“the”。如：Myroomisonthesecondfloorandhisisonthethird.我的房間在二樓，他的房間在三樓。（四）分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)1.分?jǐn)?shù)。分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。讀的時(shí)候，先讀分子再讀分母。如：twothirds=2/3 threefifths=3/5注：1/2通常讀作a[one]half，一般不讀作asecond；1/4可讀作a[one]fourth，也可讀作a[one]quarter。（）About_______oftheworkersinthatfactoryareyoungpeople.A.threefifthB.threefifthsC.threefives2.小數(shù)。小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的數(shù)按總數(shù)念，同其它基數(shù)詞讀法一樣，小數(shù)點(diǎn)用point，小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面的數(shù)按基數(shù)詞一個(gè)一個(gè)單獨(dú)念。如：9.65讀作ninepointsixfive。218.39讀作twohundredandeighteenpointthreenine。3.百分?jǐn)?shù)。百分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和百分號(%)組成，百分號(%)讀作percent。如：thirtypercent=30%60percent=60%（五）表示日期（序數(shù)詞表示日期）1949年1949讀作nineteenfortynine6月23日J(rèn)une23rd讀作June(the)twentythird或thetwentythirdofJune2006年10月October2006讀作October,twothousandandsix1600年5月2日May2nd,1600讀作thesecondofMay,sixteenhundred（六）表示鐘點(diǎn)（1）半小時(shí)用half，一刻鐘（15分鐘）用aquarter，半小時(shí)以內(nèi)用past，超過半小時(shí)用to。（2）時(shí)間順序讀法是依次讀：“點(diǎn)鐘數(shù)，分鐘數(shù)”。倒讀法中，在前半小時(shí)：“分?jǐn)?shù)+past+點(diǎn)鐘數(shù)”。在后半小時(shí)：“分鐘數(shù)+to+下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)”。例如：08:00eighto’clock或eight09:15ninefifteen或aquarterpast/afternine02:30twothirty或halfpast/aftertwo05:45fivefortyfive或aquartertosix（七）表示加減乘除。Oneplustwoisthree.一加二等于三。Eightminusfourisfour.八減四等于四。Twotimestwoisfour.二乘二等于四.Tendividedbytwoisfive.十除二等于五。（八）基數(shù)詞可以表示順序，序數(shù)詞也表示順序，結(jié)構(gòu)為：“the+序數(shù)詞+名詞”。只需將基數(shù)詞放在它所修飾的名詞之后(名詞需大寫)即可，不需要添加定冠詞。thefirstlesson=LessonOne，thefifthpage=Page5，thetwentyfirstroom=Room21二、課堂練習(xí)：（一）英漢互譯。（14分）第五單元__________________ LessonEight_________________第59中學(xué)_________________ 五年級四班__________________BusNo.4__________________ 7:07________________________7+8=15________________________ 1994____________________________352_________________________ TeamSeven_______________第三行_______________________ 第5小學(xué)__________________fivelittlemice_________________ 第六號房間____________________（二）用括號內(nèi)所給數(shù)詞的正確形式填空。（每空2分，共14分）1.WeareinClass________（3）.2.Wehave________（12）monthsoftheyear.Decemberisthe_____________（12）one.3.Thisismy________（1）bag.4.MybirthdayisDec.__________________（21）.5.Ihave________（3）books.Ilikemy_______________（3）book.（三）選擇題。（每題1.5分，共30分）(

)1.Mygrandmotheris_____old.A.seventiethB.seventyyear C.seventyyears D.seventies(

)2.________peoplevisitthismuseumeveryday.A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.hundredof D.Hundredsof(

)3.Therearetwo________peopleinthemeetingroom.A.hundredB.hundreds C.hundredsof D.hundredof(

)4.Wecansaythenumber78,645inEnglishlikethis________.A.seventyeightthousandandsixhundredandfortyfiveB.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandfortyfiveC.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandfortyfiveD.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandfortyfive(

)5.Mondayisthesecondday,and________.A.Tuesdayisthefourthday B.ThursdayisthefifthdayC.theseconddayisTuesday D.theseconddayisThursday(

)6.“Theyear1999”shouldberead（應(yīng)該讀作）“Theyear_____.”A.nineteenandninetynine B.nineteenninetynineC.onethousandninehundredninetynineD.nineteenhundredandninetynine(

)7.Thereare_______monthsinayear.Decemberisthe_______monthoftheyear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfth C.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelveth(

)8.What’sthedatetoday?Itis________.A.Friday B.timetogo C.cloudy D.June4th(

)9.Whatisfiveandeight?A.Twelve B.Thirteen C.Fourteen D.Fifteen(

)10.Which_________isLilyin?Sheisin________.A.Row;rowfiveB.Row;RowFive C.row;RowFiveD.row;rowFive(

)11．Thereare___________daysinayear．

A．threehundredandsixtyfive

B．threehundredandsixtyfive

C．threehundredsandsixtyfive

D．threehundredsandsixty—five

(

)12．Dannylivesin__________．

A．room404

B．Room404

C．404room

D．404Room

(

)13．Jimisin__________．

A．classone，gradesix

B．gradeone，classsixC．ClassOne，GradeSix

D．GradeOne,ClassSix

(

)14．Thebikecostme_________yuan．

A．fivehundredforty

B．fivehundredsfourty

C．fivehundredandforty

D．fivehundredfourty

(

)15．Mytelephonenumberis__________．

A．eightyeighttwofortyfourzeronineB．eighteighttwodoublefourOnine

C．eightyeighttwofortyfourzeronineD．eighteighttwofourfourzeronine

(

)16．Isthereanyfoodforus_________?

A．ten

B．tenth

C．thetenth

D．theten

(

)17．Maryis_________girl．

A.an8yearold

B．8yearsold

C．the8yearsold

D．a(chǎn)n8yearold

(

)18．—Whatdayistoday?

—_________

A．June

B．Tuesday

C.December24th D.Today()19.Inthe1850s,about

_________wascoveredbyforestintheUSA.

A.third

B.athird

C.thethird

D.athirds()20.September_________isTeachers’Day.theten

B.tenth

C.thetenth

D.theten’s三、課后小結(jié):四、鞏固練習(xí)：

1、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。

one

two

three

nine

fourteen

twenty

thirtyfive

eightyonetwelve five eight eleveneight+seven=() fifteen—one=()five+fourteen=() sixty—()=fortythirtythree—eight=() sixteen+eleven=()one+three+five+seven+nine=()2、單選。

(

)1.What’sfiveandseven?Fiveandseventwelve.A.be B.are C.is D.am(

)2.Thistookplaceinthe______.A.1940

B.1940s

C.1940es

D.1940th(

)4．Thebikecostme_________Yuan．

A．fivehundredforty

B．fivehundredsfourty

C．fivehundredandforty

D．fivehundredfourty

(

)7．Maryis_________girl．

A.an8yearoldB.8yearsold C.the8yearsold D.an8yearold

(

)8．—Whatdayistoday?

—___________

A．June

B．Tuesday C．Itishot

D．It’sfine

(

)9．—What’sthedatetoday?

—___________

A．It’sSaturday

B．It’sJuly

C．It’sfine

D．It’sJuly15

(

)10．—Whattimedoyougetupeveryday?

A．It’sseveno’clock

B．Seveno’clocktime

C．Atseven

o’clock

D．Onseven(

)11.Autumnis_____seasoninayear.A.thefourth B.thethird C.athird D.thethreeth(

)12．Dannylivesin__________．

A．room404

B．Room404

C．404room

D．404Room(

)13.Thereare_______daysinayear.A.threehundredssixtyfive B.threehundredsandsixtyfiveC.threehundredandsixtyfive D.threehundredandsixtyfive(

)14.Look!Thereare______inthesky.