福建省龍巖市2019-2020學年高二上學期期末教學質(zhì)量檢查英語試題

龍巖市20192020年第一學期期末高二教學質(zhì)量檢查英語試題第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項。AInrecentdays,Americanshavelosttwocivilrightsleadersofthetwentiethcentury,DorothyHeightandBenjaminHooks.DorothyHeightdiedthisTuesdayattheageofninetyeight.ShewitnessedmorecivilrightshistorythananyotherAfricanAmericanleaderofhertime.Shesaidthegreatestchangeshewitnessedwastheendingofracialsegregation(隔離)lawsintheUnitedStates.ShewasthelongtimechairwomanoftheNationalCouncilofNegroWomen.Shewasanactivist,humanitarianandadvisortopresidentsincludingBarackObama.Herememberedheras“ThegodmotheroftheCivilRightsMovement.”DorothyHeightgrewupinPennsylvania.Shewonafouryearcollegescholarship,thetopprizenationallyinapublicspeakingcontestontheConstitution.ShearrivedatschoolinNewYorkCityonlytolearnthatanunwrittenlimitof“twoNegrostudentsperyear”hadalreadybeenmet.DorothyHeight:“IwasacceptedatBarnardCollegeandIwasdeniedadmissionwhenIarrivedbecausetheyhadaquota(指標)oftwo.AndtheydidnotknowthatIwasnotwhite.AndsowhenIgotthereIwasturnedaway.”DorothyHeightwentontoearnbachelorandmaster'sdegreesinfouryearsatNewYorkYetshehadtopushtomakeherselfheardasawomanamongmostlymalecivilrightsleaders.ShewastheonlywomanstandingnearbyasMartinLutherKinggavehis“IHaveaDream”speechinWashingtonDorothyHeightreceivedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomandtheCongressionalGoldMedalforherworkforracialandgenderequality.1.WhichofthefollowingbestshowsDorothy’ssuffering?A.Dyingofoldage. B.BeingaconsultanttoObama.C.BeingrejectedbyBarnardCollege.2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastbutoneparagraph?A.DorothyHeightwaseagertobeacivilrightsleader.B.Itwasdifficultforthenwomentovoicetheiropinions.C.DorothymadeadifferenceinKingJunior’slife.D.Dorothywasthebestwomanofhertime.3.Whatisprobablythewritingstyleofthepassage?A.Newsreport. B.Biography.C.Fiction. D.Scientificjournal.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了民權(quán)運動的教母——多蘿西·海特通過一生努力，為實現(xiàn)種族和性別平等做出的卓越貢獻。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第五段“DorothyHeight:"IwasacceptedatBarnardCollegeandIwasdeniedadmissionwhenIarrivedbecausetheyhadaquota(指標)oftwo.AndtheydidnotknowthatIwasnotwhite.AndsowhenIgotthereIwasturnedaway.”（多蘿西·海特：“我在巴納德學院被錄取了，我來的時候被拒絕錄取，因為他們有兩個名額。他們不知道我不是白人。所以當我到了那里，我被拒之門外。”）”可知，多蘿西·海特到了巴納德學院后因為自己是黑人而被拒絕。故選C項。2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Yetshehadtopushtomakeherselfheardasawomanamongmostlymalecivilrightsleaders.ShewastheonlywomanstandingnearbyasMartinLutherKinggavehis“IHaveaDream”speechinWashington.(然而，作為一名女性，她必須努力讓自己在以男性為主的民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖中被聽到。她是馬丁·路德·金在華盛頓發(fā)表“我有一個夢想”演講時唯一站在旁邊的女性。)”可推知，在當時婦女沒有話語權(quán)。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inrecentdays,Americanshavelosttwocivilrightsleadersofthetwentiethcentury,DorothyHeightandBenjaminHooks.（最近幾天，美國人失去了兩位二十世紀的民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，多蘿西·海特和本杰明·胡克斯。）”和下文陳述多蘿西·海特為實現(xiàn)種族和性別平等做出卓越貢獻的事跡，可推知，本文是一篇新聞報道，而第一段是該新聞的導語。故選A項。BSomestudentsgetsonervousbeforeatest,theydopoorlyeveniftheyknowthematerial.SianBeilock,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofSianBeilock:"Theystartworryingabouttheconsequences.Theymightevenstartworryingaboutwhetherthisexamisgoingtopreventthemfromgettingintothecollegetheywant.Andwhenweworry,itactuallyusesupattentionandmemoryresources.Italkaboutitasyourcognitive(認知)horsepowerthatyoucouldotherwisebeusingtofocusontheexam.ProfessorBeilockandanotherresearcher,GerardoRamirez,havedevelopedapossiblesolution.Justbeforeanexam,highlyanxioustesttakersspendtenminuteswritingabouttheirworriesaboutthetest.SianBeilock:"Whatwethinkhappensiswhenstudentsputitdownonpaper,theythinkabouttheworstthatcouldhappenandtheyreassessthesituation.Theymightrealizeit'snotashadastheymightthinkitwasbeforeand,inessence,itpreventsthesethoughtsfrompoppingupwhenthey'reactuallytakingatest."Theresearcherstestedtheideaonagroupoftwentyanxiouscollegestudents.Theygavethemtwoshortmathtests.Afterthefirstone,theyaskedthestudentstoeithersitquietlyorwriteabouttheirfeelingsabouttheupingsecondtest.Theresearchersaddedtothepressure.Theytoldthestudentsthatthosewhodidwellonthesecondtestwouldgetmoney.Theyalsotoldthemthattheirperformancewouldaffectotherstudentsaspartofateameffort.ProfessorBeilocksaysthosewhosatquietlyscoredanaverageoftwelvepercentworseonthesecondtest.Butthestudentswhohadwrittenabouttheirfearsimprovedtheirperformancebyanaverageoffivepercent.Next,theresearchersusedyoungerstudentsinabiologyclass.Theytoldthembeforefinalexamseithertowriteabouttheirfeelingsortothinkaboutthingsunrelatedtothetest.ProfessorBeilocksayshighlyanxiousstudentswhodidthewritinggotanaveragegradeofB+,paredtoaBforthosewhodidnot.SianBeilock:"Whatweshowedisthatforstudentswhoarehighlytestanxious,who'ddoneourwritingintervention(干預),allofasuddentherewasnorelationshipbetweentestanxietyandperformance.Thosestudentsmostlikelytoworrywereperformingjustaswellastheirclassmateswhodon'tnormallygetnervousinthesetestingsituations."Butwhatifstudentsdonothaveachancetowriteabouttheirfearsimmediatelybeforeandexamorpresentation?ProfessorBeilocksaysstudentscantryitthemselvesathomeorinthelibraryandstillimprovetheirperformance.4.Whatwillhappentotesttakersworryingtoomuchbeforeanexam?A.Noentryintothecollege. B.Moreconcentrationontheexam.C.Anundesirableouteoftheexam. D.Weakawarenessoftheexam.5.Whatisstronglysuggestedtocasetesttakers'deepanxiety?A.Makingadjustmentstotheexam. B.Listingtheirfearsabouttheexam.C.Sittingdoingnothingbeforeanexam. D.Gettingpressedbythoexaminers.6.Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellus?A.Howtolookattestanxiety.B.Howtoreduceconcernabouttheresults.C.Howtocontactanxietywithperformance.D.Howtocopewithanxietybeforeabigevent.【答案】4.C5.B6.D【解析】本文是說明文。文章講述的是一位心理學教授對考前焦慮癥的學生的研究及幫助學生克服焦慮的方法。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章第二段“Theystartworryingabouttheconsequences.Theymightevenstartworryingaboutwhetherthisexamisgoingtopreventthemfromgettingintothecollegetheywant.Andwhenweworry,itactuallyusesupattentionandmemoryresources.（他們開始擔心后果。他們甚至可能開始擔心這次考試是否會阻止他們進入他們想要的大學。當我們擔心時，它實際上會消耗注意力和記憶資源。）”可以推理得出學生的過分焦慮是擔心自己考試結(jié)果不理想。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第三段“ProfessorBeilockandanotherresearcher,GerardoRamirez,havedevelopedapossiblesolution.Justbeforeanexam,highlyanxioustesttakersspendtenminuteswritingabouttheirworriesaboutthetest.（貝洛克教授和另一位研究人員杰拉爾多·拉米雷斯（GerardoRamirez）提出了一個可能的解決方案。就在考試前，高度焦慮的考生花十分鐘寫下他們對考試的擔憂。）”說明寫下考生的焦慮可以適度減輕他們的焦慮感。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章倒數(shù)第二段“SianBeilock:"Whatweshowedisthatforstudentswhoarehighlytestanxious,who'ddoneourwritingintervention(干預),allofasuddentherewasnorelationshipbetweentestanxietyandperformance.Thosestudentsmostlikelytoworrywereperformingjustaswellastheirclassmateswhodon'tnormallygetnervousinthesetestingsituations."（貝洛克:“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，對于高度考試焦慮的學生，在進行了寫作干預后，考試焦慮和成績之間的關(guān)系突然消失了。那些最有可能擔心考試的學生和那些在考試中不緊張的同學表現(xiàn)得一樣好。”）”以及最后一段“Butwhatifstudentsdonothaveachancetowriteabouttheirfearsimmediatelybeforeandexamorpresentation?ProfessorBeilocksaysstudentscantryitthemselvesathomeorinthelibraryandstillimprovetheirperformance.（但如果學生在考試或報告前沒有機會寫下他們的恐懼呢?貝洛克教授說，學生們可以在家里或圖書館自己嘗試，仍然可以提高他們的表現(xiàn)。）”可以得知寫下自己的焦慮后可以減輕學生的焦慮感，從而推理出作者想的目的是告訴我們這個方式不只可以應(yīng)用于考試，也可以用于減輕其他重大事件前的焦慮。故選D項。CRegardlessoftheirpreferredmode,bats,elephant,honeybee,humansandmoreallsleep.Infact,scientistshaveyettofindatrulysleeplesscreature.Butissleepreallynecessaryforsurvival?Mosthumanswillacknowledgethatsleepisabsolutelynecessary.Peopleoftenstruggletofunctionafterevenjustonesleeplessnight.Poorsleepoverthelongtermhasbeenlinkedtomanynegativeheatheffects,fromheartdiseaseandstroketoweightgainanddiabetes(糖尿病).Theseconnections,andthefactthatallanimalsseemtosleep,suggestthatsleepmustplayanessentialfunctionforanimals.Butwhatisthatfunction?Doessleepallowthebraintorepairdamageandprocessinformation?Scientistsandthinkershaveofferedexplanationsforwhywesleep,andyet,theexactpurposeofsleepremainsanopenquestion.Inthe1890s,MariedeManaceine,afemalephysicianinRussia,wastroubledbythemysteryofsleep.Inherquesttofigureoutwhatexactlysleepis,sheconductedthefirstsleepdeprivationexperimentinanimals.Usinganapproachthatnowseemsquitecruel,thephysiciankeptpuppiescontinuouslyawake,findingthattheydiedafterafewdaysoftheexperiment.Overfollowingdecades,furthersuchexperimentsusingotheranimalsfoundsimilarlyfatalresults.However,theunderlyingcauseofdeathinthesecases,andhowitrelatestosleeparestillunknown.Whiletotalsleeplessnessseemsdangerous,somecreaturescangetbywitharemarkablyshortsleep.Theycouldbethekeytounderstandingsleep'sfunction,scientistshavesaid.AstudypublishedinScienceAdvancesmonitoredthesleepinghabitsoffruitflies."Wefoundthatsomeflieshardlyeverslept,"studycoauthorGiorgioGilestrotoldLiveScience."Butthesefliesdidn'tdieprematurely(過早)，liketheRussianpuppiesdid.Thesevirtuallysleeplessfliesinsteadlivedjustaslongasacontrolgroupthatwaslefttosleepnormally"."Ina2016study,RattenborgandhiscolleaguesprovidedgreatfrigatebirdsintheGalapagosIslandswithasmalldevicetomeasureelectricalactivityinthebrain.Thestudyfoundthatthefrigatebirds,whileflying,sleptonaveragejust42minutesperday,eventhoughtheytypicallygotmorethan12hoursofshuteyeonland.DoesRattenborgthinkwe'lleverfindananimalthatdoesn'tsleepatall?"Anythingispossible,"hesaid,"however,anemergingpatternamongthestudiesofshortsleepinganimalsisthatnonearepletelysleepless.Thispreservationofalittlesleepsuggeststhatthereisaminimumamountofsleepthatisessential,evenintheseremarkableshortsleepers."7.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Dangersofsleeplessness. B.Mannersofsleep.C.Functionsofsleep. D.Survivalsfromsleeplessness.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sleepdeprivation"inParagraph3mean?A.Soundsleep. B.Lackofsleep.C.Secretofsleep. D.Amountofsleep.9.Whatdoallthementionedfindingshaveinmon?A.Animalsneedequalamountofsleep.B.Animalssleepindifferentways.C.Sleepdeterminescreatures'survival.D.Creaturesneedmoreorlesssleepforsurvival.10.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatIstheFunctionofSleep? B.DoSleepingHabitsMatter?C.WhatIstheMysteryofSleep? D.CanAnyAnimalSurvivewithoutSleep?【答案】7.A8.B9.D10.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文通過幾個實驗告訴我們作為生物，為了生存，人和其他動物都不可能完全不睡覺?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Peopleoftenstruggletofunctionafterevenjustonesleeplessnight.Poorsleepoverthelongtermhasbeenlinkedtomanynegativeheatheffects,fromheartdiseaseandstroketoweightgainanddiabetes(糖尿病).Theseconnections,andthefactthatallanimalsseemtosleep,suggestthatsleepmustplayanessentialfunctionforanimals.”（人們常常在一夜未眠之后難以正常工作。長期睡眠不足與許多負面健康影響有關(guān)，從心臟病、中風到體重增加和糖尿病。這些聯(lián)系，以及所有動物似乎都在睡覺的事實表明，睡眠對動物來說必須起到重要的作用。）可知，本段告訴了我們失眠后的結(jié)果，即失眠的危險。故選A。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段的“Usinganapproachthatnowseemsquitecruel,thephysiciankeptpuppiescontinuouslyawake“（醫(yī)生用一種現(xiàn)在看來相當殘忍的方法，讓幼犬持續(xù)保持清醒。）可推知，上文“Inherquesttofigureoutwhatexactlysleepis,sheconductedthefirstsleepdeprivationexperimentinanimals.”意為“為了弄清楚睡眠到底是什么，她在動物身上進行了第一個睡眠不足的實驗”，即劃線部分的意思是“睡眠不足”與lackofsleep同義。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Usinganapproachthatnowseemsquitecruel,thephysiciankeptpuppiescontinuouslyawake,findingthattheydiedafterafewdaysoftheexperiment.”（醫(yī)生用一種現(xiàn)在看來相當殘忍的方法，讓幼犬持續(xù)保持清醒。發(fā)現(xiàn)實驗進行幾天后它們死了），倒數(shù)第三段的“Thestudyfoundthatthefrigatebirds,whileflying,sleptonaveragejust42minutesperday,eventhoughtheytypicallygotmorethan12hoursofshuteyeonland.”（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這種大型軍艦鳥在飛行時平均每天水42分鐘，即使它們在陸地上的睡眠時間通常超過12個小時）和最后一段“However,anemergingpatternamongthestudiesofshortsleepinganimalsisthatnonearepletelysleepless.Thispreservationofalittlesleepsuggeststhatthereisaminimumamountofsleepthatisessential,evenintheseremarkableshortsleepers.”（然而，在研究短眠動物的所有研究中，沒有一個動物是完全無睡眠的。這種少量睡眠的保存表明，即使在這些引人注目的短睡眠者中，也有最低限度的睡眠是必不可少的。）可知，所有研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)的共同點是，無論什么動物都有一個最低限度的睡眠來保證生存。故選D。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段的“Regardlessoftheirpreferredmode,bats,elephant,honeybee,humanshumansandmoreallsleep.Infact,scientistshaveyettofindatrulysleeplesscreature.Butissleepreallynecessaryforsurvival?”（無論他們偏好的模式是什么，蝙蝠、大象、蜜蜂、人類和其他更多都要睡眠。事實上，科學家還沒有找到一種真正不睡覺的生物。但睡眠真的生存所必須的嗎？）和最后一段的“However,anemergingpatternamongthestudiesofshortsleepinganimalsisthatnonearepletelysleepless.Thispreservationofalittlesleepsuggeststhatthereisaminimumamountofsleepthatisessential,evenintheseremarkableshortsleepers.”（然而，在研究短眠動物的所有研究中，沒有一個動物是完全無睡眠的。這種少量睡眠的保存表明，即使在這些引人注目的短睡眠者中，也有最低限度的睡眠是必不可少的。）可知，本文通過幾個實驗告訴我們作為生物，為了生存，人和其他動物都不可能完全不睡覺。D項“動物不睡覺還能生存嗎？”可以作為標題，概括全文。故選D。【點睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Wayswecanfedtheworldin2050Someestimatessuggestourglobalpopulationcouldreachatotalof10billionpeopleby2050.It’sclearthattraditionalagriculturehastochangetofedthatmanypeople.___11___CreatingrobotfarmersSuchexplorationhasbeendone.TheSmallRobotpanyinBritainhascreatedthreesmallrobots:Tom,DickandHarry.Tomtakesgeographypicturesofplantsinthefield,andsendsthembackforanalysis.ThenDickspray(噴灑)cropswithprecision,avoidingunnecessarypollutingandsavingresources.Harryplants,pletingwitharoboticdrill(機械鉆).___12___Thesetasksaretraditionallydonebyahuman.___13___Ordinaryheavytractors(拖拉機)rollacrossthefield,pacting(壓實)thesoilandsqueezingthegapsinside.Thispactiongreatlyaffectsthesoil'sabilitytoholdontowaterandnutrients.Usingsmaller,lighterrobotstodothejobscurrentlyperformedbytractorscouldhugelyhelpreducetheseissues,hencepromotingtokeepprecioussoilingoodcondition.GivingwasteasecondchanceAccordingtotheUnitedNations,“Anestimatedthirdofallfoodproducedendsuprottinginthedustbinsofconsumersandsellers."Therearecountlessbrilliantideasandmeasurestohelp,butIadvocateonebrilliantapproach—usingapplike“TooGoodToGo".___14___Thesefoodsmaybeabandonedbutstillperfectlyeatable.MakingsmarterchoicesWespendtimewithfarmers,producers,sellersandconsumers.___15___Buildingaworldfedbysustainable(可持續(xù)的)agricultureisatoughtask,whichrequireschangestothewholemodelofgrowing,processing,transporting,storingandselling.OntheWhole,inordertoensurewehaveenoughfoodinthefuture,farmers,scientists,engineers,sellers,businessleaders,governmentsandindividualsshouldetogethertojointheeffort,takingactiontovalueourfoodanditsproducer.A.PreservingprecioussoilB.SlowingtheageingprocessoffoodC.WefinditnecessarytoproducerecordquantitiesoffoodD.Wefindourcurrentwaysofagriculturejustaren'tsustainable.E.TheAppenablessellerstoshiftfoodstocustomersatalowerprice.F.Together,theycarryoutthedulltaskswithgreateraccuracyandlesswater.G.Herearesomepotentialsolutionshelpingusgetreadytofeedthe10billion.【答案】11.G12.F13.A14.E15.D【解析】本文是說明文。文章指出，到2050年，我們的全球人口可能達到100億，糧食可能不足，作者在文中提出了幾項可行的解決方案?！?1題詳解】結(jié)合上文”It’sclearthattraditionalagriculturehastochangetofedthatmanypeople.（很明顯，傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)必須改變才能養(yǎng)活這么多人。）”，再通過下文幾段的分標題“Creatingrobotfarmers（創(chuàng)造機器人農(nóng)場主）”；“Givingwasteasecondchance（給浪費第二次機會）”；“Makingsmarterchoices（做出更明智的選擇）”可知本空提出，有一些可能幫助我們養(yǎng)活100億人口做好準備的方案，從而引出下文。故選G項。【12題詳解】通過上文“Tomtakesgeographypicturesofplantsinthefield,andsendsthembackforanalysis.ThenDickspraycropswithprecision,avoidingunnecessarypollutingandsavingresources.Harryplants,pletingwitharoboticdrill.(湯姆給田里的植物拍了地理照片，然后把它們送回分析室。然后迪克精確噴灑作物，避免不必要的污染，節(jié)約資源。哈利種植，完成了一個機械鉆。）”說明這三個機器人分工合作，完成種植?？崭裉幊猩蠁⑾?，下文“Thesetasksaretraditionallydonebyahuman.（這些任務(wù)傳統(tǒng)上是由人來完成的。）”可知機器人一同努力，打破傳統(tǒng)的人類種植。F項中的“thedulltasks”與下文一致。故選F項。【13題詳解】該空考查第三段的分標題，根據(jù)下文“Usingsmaller,lighterrobotstodothejobscurrentlyperformedbytractorscouldhugelyhelpreducetheseissues,hencepromotingtokeepprecioussoilingoodcondition.(使用更小、更輕的機器人來完成目前拖拉機所做的工作，可以極大地幫助減少這些問題，從而促進保持珍貴土壤的良好狀態(tài)。)”可知本段主要講述如何通過機器人代替拖拉機，保護珍貴的土壤。故選A項?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)設(shè)空處上文“Therearecountlessbrilliantideasandmeasurestohelp,butIadvocateonebrilliantapproach—usingapplike“TooGoodToGo".（有無數(shù)的好主意和措施可以幫助我們，但我提倡一種聰明的方法，使用應(yīng)用程序，比如“TooGoodToGo”。）”提出使用“TooGoodToGo”來減少浪費，以及設(shè)空處后文“Thesefoodsmaybeabandonedbutstillperfectlyeatable.（這些食物可能被廢棄，但仍然完全可以食用。）”可知設(shè)空處是對這個應(yīng)用程序的工作原理的解釋。E項中的“TheApp”指代上文提到的“TooGoodToGo”。故選E項?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wespendtimewithfarmers,producers,sellersandconsumers.（我們花時間與農(nóng)民、生產(chǎn)者、銷售商和消費者交流。）”以及后文“Buildingaworldfedbysustainable(可持續(xù)的)agricultureisatoughtask,whichrequireschangestothewholemodelofgrowing,processing,transporting,storingandselling.（建立一個以可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)為食的世界是一項艱巨的任務(wù)，這需要改變種植、加工、運輸、儲存和銷售的整個模式。）”說明我們國家目前的農(nóng)業(yè)方式還沒有做到可持續(xù)，是不可持續(xù)的。故選D項。第三部分英語知識運用第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Formany,publicspeakingisahugeheadache.Assomeonewhoisveryshy,IneverthoughtIcouldperfectly___16___aspeechuntilIdecidedto___17___anEnglishspeakingpetition.OnedaywhenIenteredtheclassroom,myeyeswereimmediatelydrawntoasign___18___thatanEnglishspeakingpetitionwouldbeholdnextmonth.Givingaspeechinfrontofalargeaudiencewouldbeahugechallengeforme.____19____,Ireallydidn’twanttomissthisopportunitytohelp___20___myconfidenceandcultivate(培養(yǎng))my___21___speakingskills.Iwastornbetweenmydesireofparticipatingandmy___22___ofspeakinginpublic.Intheend,I___23___myselftosignupandtotakeonthechallenge.Ididn’twanttobeshyanymore.Icarefullychoseasuitabletopicandconstantlypolishedmyspeechto___24___it.Ialsopracticedmypronunciationandeverygestureinfrontofthemirroroverandoveragain.____25____,thebigdayarrived.Iheardhehotsay,"Let'swelecontestantnumber9."Isteppedontothestageandsawthatthehallwaspletely____26____withpeople.Aburstoffeartookoverme.Icouldfeelmyheartpoundingandmypalms(手掌)beganto____27____andgotwet.MylegstrembledandIfeltascoldasice.Tomakemattersworse,mymindwent____28____andIcouldn'trememberwhatIwasgoingtosay.IwasatthepointofgivingupwhenIsuddenly____29____myEnglishteacherinthecrowd,whowasstandinginthecornerandsmilingatme.Seeingherwarmsmile,Ifeltthatasenseof____30____immediatelyreplacedthemountingfearandanxietyinmymind.MyonlythoughtwasthatIneededtocalmdownandenjoythischeerfulmomentonstage.Itookadeepbreath,calmeddownandstartedmyspeech.IfocusedallofmyattentiononeverywordsoIwouldn'tmakeanymistakes.Igraduallybecame____31____inmyspeechandmynervousnesstransformedintoconfidenceandexcitement.Itturnedoutthatmyspeechwasnothingbutsuccess.I____32____fromtheotherpetitors.Itookmy____33____atthepodium(領(lǐng)獎臺)toreceiveashiningmedalformyspeech.FromwhatIhaveexperienced,Iknownothingis____34____.Wewillfacemanydifficultiesinlife.Thesedifficultiesarelikeclimbingamountain.Itmightbedifficultatfirst,butoveringthedifficultwilltakeyoutonew____35____.Theviewisdefinitelyworthit.16.A.deliver B.prepare C.arrange D.write17.A.host B.participatein C.organize D.checkout18.A.announcing B.promising C.claiming D.saying19.A.Therefore B.So C.However D.Instead20.A.relyon B.express C.restore D.buildup21.A.public B.personal C.favorite D.usual22.A.motivation B.surprise C.disappointment D.fear23.A.appealed B.devoted C.persuaded D.advised24.A.perfect B.remember C.record D.shorten25.A.Instantly B.Eventually C.Unexpectedly D.Constantly26.A.concerned B.packed C.disabled D.covered27.A.seize B.numb C.sweat D.ache28.A.wrong B.mad C.blank D.dead29.A.met B.missed C.recalled D.spotted30.A.strength B.loss C.duty D.direction31.A.interested B.absorbed C.panicked D.stuck32.A.benefited B.brokeaway C.stoodout D.differed33.A.prize B.place C.offer D.address34.A.important B.practical C.realistic D.impossible35.A.heights B.paths C.challenges D.cases【答案】16.A17.B18.D19.C20.D21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者是一個害羞的人，一次偶然的機會，她決定參加英語演講比賽來建立自信以及培養(yǎng)在公共場合講話的能力。通過自己的努力，和老師的鼓勵，作者終于克服自己的弱點，贏得演講比賽。通過這次經(jīng)歷，作者明白了，克服困難會把我們帶到一個新高度，沒有什么是不可能的?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個非常害羞的人，我從來沒有想過我可以完美地演講，直到我決定參加一個英語演講比賽。A.deliver發(fā)表；B.prepare準備；C.arrange安排；D.write寫。根據(jù)下文的“Englishspeakingpetition.”可知，此處是指做演講，deliveraspeech“做演講”符合語境，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞和短詞短語辨析。句意：作為一個非常害羞的人，我從來沒有想過我可以完美地演講，直到我決定參加一個英語演講比賽。A.host主辦；B.participatein參加；C.organize組織；D.checkout退房。根據(jù)下文的“Intheend,I___8___myselftosignupandtotakeonthechallenge.”可知，作者決定參加英語演講比賽。且下文的“Iwastornbetweenmydesireofparticipating”也是提示。故選B。【18題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天當我走進教室時，目光立刻被一個標志吸引了，上面寫著一個英語演講比賽將于下個月舉行。A.announcing宣布；B.promising承諾；C.claiming宣稱；D.saying寫著，說。表示標志，說明書等上面寫著什么內(nèi)容，通常用say。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我真的不想錯過這個有助于我建立信心以及培養(yǎng)我在公共場合講話的能力的機會。A.Therefore因此；B.So因此；C.However然而；D.Instead相反。結(jié)合上文的“Givingaspeechinfrontofalargeaudiencewouldbeahugechallengeforme.”（在一群觀眾面前演講對我來說是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)）和本句可知，上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞和動詞短語辨析。句意：然而，我真的不想錯過這個有助于我建立信心以及培養(yǎng)我在公共場合講話的能力的機會。A.relyon依靠；B.express表達；C.restore修復；D.buildup（逐步）建立。結(jié)合常識和下文的“cultivate(培養(yǎng))my___6___speakingskills.”可知，參加英語演講比賽有助于作者建立自信。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我真的不想錯過這個有助于我建立信心以及培養(yǎng)我在公共場合講話的能力的機會。A.public公開的，公眾的；B.personal個人的；C.favorite最喜歡的；D.usual通常的。結(jié)合常識和上文的“Formany,publicspeakingisahugeheadache.”可知，此處是指參加英語演講可以培養(yǎng)在公開場合講話的能力。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在渴望參與和害怕在公眾面前演講之間左右為難。A.motivation動機；B.surprise驚訝，驚喜；C.disappointment失望；D.fear害怕，恐懼。根據(jù)上文的“Assomeonewhoisveryshy”可知，作者非常害羞，由此推知她害怕在公眾面前演講。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我說服自己報名接受這個挑戰(zhàn)。A.appealed吸引；B.devoted貢獻；C.persuaded說服；D.advised建議。根據(jù)上文的“Iwastornbetweenmydesireofparticipatingandmy___7___ofspeakinginpublic.”和下文的“Ididn’twanttobeshyanymore.”可知，此處是指作者由最開始的左右為難，最終說服自己接受挑戰(zhàn)，因為她不想再這么害羞下去。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我小心地選擇了一個適合的話題，并不斷修改潤色我的演講稿，以使它完美。A.perfect使……完美；B.remember記得；C.record記錄；D.shorten縮短。根據(jù)上文的“constantlypolishedmyspeech”可知，不斷修改潤色演講的目的是為了讓它完美。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：終于，這個重要的日子來了。A.Instantly立即；B.Eventually最后，終于；C.Unexpectedly意料之外地；D.Constantly持續(xù)地，不間斷地。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，作者為了這次演講比賽，做了大量的準備工作，終于這一天來臨了。故選B。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我踏上舞臺，看到大廳里擠滿了人。A.concerned擔心的，關(guān)心的；B.packed充滿的，裝滿的；C.disabled殘疾的；D.covered被覆蓋的。根據(jù)下文的“Isuddenly___14___myEnglishteacherinthecrowd”可推知，大廳里人很多，bepackedwith“擠滿”。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我能夠感覺到我的心跳很快，手心也開始出汗，變得潮濕。A.seize抓??；B.numb麻木；C.sweat出汗；D.ache痛。根據(jù)下文的“gotwet”可知，作者的手因為緊張而出汗了。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我的大腦一片空白，不記得自己要說什么。A.wrong錯的；B.mad瘋的；C.blank空白的；D.dead死亡的。根據(jù)下文的“Icouldn'trememberwhatIwasgoingtosay.”可知，作者因為緊張而忘記了自己要說什么，大腦一片空白。故選C。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在我準備放棄的時候，我突然在人群中看到了我的英語老師，她站在角落，微笑著看著我。A.met見面；B.missed錯過，想念；C.recalled回憶；D.spotted看見。根據(jù)下文的“Seeingherwarmsmile”可知，作者看到了自己的英語老師。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看見她溫暖的微笑，我感覺到一種力量立刻取代了我心中不斷增加的恐懼和焦慮。A.strength力量；B.loss損失；C.duty職責；D.direction方向。根據(jù)上文的“Seeingherwarmsmile”和下文的“Itookadeepbreath,calmeddownandstartedmyspeech.”可知，此處是指老師溫暖的微笑，讓作者有了繼續(xù)站在舞臺上開始自己演講的力量。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我逐漸專注在我演講上，我的緊張也變成了信心和激情。A.interested感興趣的；B.absorbed專注的；C.panicked恐慌的；D.stuck束手無策的。根據(jù)上文的“IfocusedallofmyattentiononeverywordsoIwouldn'tmakeanymistakes.”可知，此處是指作者集中精力后，慢慢開始排除雜念，專注于自己的演講。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞和動詞短語辨析。句意：我在其他參賽者中脫穎而出。A.benefited有益于；B.brokeaway掙脫；C.stoodout突出；D.differed不同。根據(jù)上文的“Itturnedoutthatmyspeechwasnothingbutsuccess.”可知，作者的演講非常成功，在參賽者中脫穎而出。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我站在領(lǐng)獎臺上，因我的演講而收到了一枚閃閃發(fā)光的獎?wù)?。A.prize獎；B.place位置，地方；C.offer出價；D.address地址。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指作者站在領(lǐng)獎臺上，takeone’splace“站/坐……的位置”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從我的經(jīng)歷，我明白了沒有什么是不可能的。A.important重要的；B.practical實際的；C.realistic現(xiàn)實的；D.impossible不可能的。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者經(jīng)過自己的努力獲在演講比賽獲獎，并且克服了害羞。由此可知，經(jīng)過這件事，作者明白了只要努力，沒有什么是不可能的。故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：可能一開始比較困難，但是克服困難會把你帶到新的高度。A.heights高度；B.paths路；C.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；D.cases情況，案件。根據(jù)上文的“Wewillfacemanydifficultiesinlife.Thesedifficultiesarelikeclimbingamountain.”可知，生活中的困難就像爬山，如果克服了，就能達到新的高度。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當內(nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesevolleyballsuperstarZhuTinghasinspiredanewEnglishword“StayawesomeandZHUperb!”___36___(call)byVolleywood,aUSbasedvolleyballwebsite.Thewordbines“Zhu”and“superb”,describingthe24yearoldplayer’sdominance(主導)onthecourt.Lastmonth,ZhuannouncedthatshewasjoiningtheTianjinwomen’svolleyballclubforthe___37___(approach)season,afterChina’swomen’svolleyballteamwontheFIVBWomen’sWorldCuponSept29.Zhu'sproductivescoring___38___(perform)hasputheramongtheTop10GlobalOutstandingAthletesforthisyear’sHeraclesPrizeoftheBigBenAward.___39___thecaptain,Zhucreatedthenewgoldenageofwomen’svolleyballinChina.Zhu___40___(consider)tobeanationalherobymanypeopleinChina.Althoughithasn'tbeeneasyforZhutogetto___41___sheis,she’sasuperstarnow.___42___(bear)intoafarmingfamilyinHenanprovince,Zhuearnedachancetoattendalocalsportsschoolatage13.YoungZhugothomesickduringthefirstfewmonthsoftraining,butwithherfather’s____43____(inspire)words,shemadeprogress___44___(steady).Zhuquicklymovedup,fromtheprovincialyouthteamtothenationalyouthteam.ShebecamefamousbyhelpingChina’sU20teamwinthe2013FIVBU20WorldChampionship.Shortlyafter,Zhubecame____45____nationalteammemberandbeganplayingunderlegendarycoachLangPing.【答案】36.called37.approaching38.performance39.As40.isconsidered41.where42.Born43.