福建省漳州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省漳州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.2.Whatdoestheoldladyteachhergrandson?A.Yoga.B.Basketball.C.Dancing.3.WhenwillCarterstarthisholiday?A.InMay.B.InJuly.C.InAugust.4.WhatwillGeorgedotomorrowafternoon?A.Lookafterhissister.B.Repairthebicycle.C.Playtennis.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirpets.B.Volunteerwork.C.Arescuecenter.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whoislookingforajob?A.Tom.B.John.C.Susan.7.WhendidTommeetJohn?A.Lastweek.B.Thedaybeforeyesterday.C.Yesterday.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.HowdidTonylearntoplaythepiano?A.Bytakingclasses.B.Byteachinghimself.C.Bylearningfromhisfather.9.WhydoesTonytakeapart-timejob?A.Tobewithchildren.B.Togetsomeexperience.C.Toearnmoney.10.WhatwillTonytalkaboutnext?A.Hischildhood.B.Hisfutureplans.C.Hiscollegelife.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatisPeter?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Ahotelmanager.12.WhatdoesLindacareaboutmostwhenchoosingahotel?A.Theprice.B.Thefood.C.Theservice.13.WhatisLindainterestedin?A.Agym.B.Amovieroom.C.Aswimmingpool.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatwillstudentsmainlydoatthecamp?A.Sharefoodcultures.B.Learntocook.C.Dooutdooractivities.15.Whocantakepartinthecamp?A.Anyoneinterested.B.Highschoolstudents.C.Collegestudents.16.Whenwillthecampend?A.OnJan.22nd.B.OnJan.25th.C.OnJan.26th.17.Howwillthespeakersgotothecamp?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydidthespeakergotothesmallpark?A.Toorganizeanactivity.B.Todosomecleaning.C.Totakeawalk.19.Wheredoesthespeaker’smotherwork?A.Atahospital.B.Ataschool.C.Atapark.20.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofhervolunteerexperience?A.Challenging.B.Tiring.C.Enjoyable.〖答案〗1-5BACAA6-10BCCAB11-15ACBBB16-20BACAC第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APlaceanAdvertisementoraLegalNoticeinLosAngelesTimesSomemomentsandmilestonesneedtobeshared?Placealegalnotice,advertiseyourservices,orsellyourgoodsintheaward-winningnewspaper.Noneedtobeanexpert.There’snoresponsibilitytocreateanaccountorprovideacreditcarduntilyouarereadytocheckoutonoursite.3EasySteps1.GothroughOurChoices.Havingtroublefindingtherightchoice?We’llguideyou.2.Design&ScheduleYourAdorNotice.Customizeyournoticeandgetreal-timepriceupdates(更新).3.CheckOut.Onceyoucheckout,youcancontinuetoedityourorderuntilthedeadline(最后期限).FrequentlyAskedQuestions1.WhatproductorpackageshouldIchoose?TheLosAngelesTimesoffersdozensofadvertisingchoices.ThesimplestwaytofindtherightoneforyouistovisitourAdOptionspage,andusethelefthandnavigation(導(dǎo)航).2.WhatifIcan’tfindthetypeofadvertisementthatIwanttoplaceontheSelf-Servicesite?Pleasecontactustoseeifwecanfindtherightchoiceforyou.Ourinsidesalesteamcanbereachedat1-800-LATIMES,ext.72769.3.HowfarinadvancedoIneedtohandinmyadvertisementinorderforittorun?Youcanfindthespecificdeadlinesfortheproductyou’reinterestedin,byvisitingtheMoreInfopageforthatspecificproduct.4.DoIneedtocreateanaccount?Yes,inorderforustoscheduleyouradvertisementandcharge(收費(fèi))youforit,weneedyoutocreateanaccount.Butfeelfreetogothroughourproductsanddesignyouradvertisementwithoutregistering.IfyouneedmoreinformationregardingourPrivacyPolicy,pleaseclickhere.1.WhatcanweknowaboutplacinganadvertisementoralegalnoticeinLosAngelesTimes?A.Youcanenjoythelowestpriceever.B.Youcanedititwheneveryoulike.C.Youdon’tneedtoputinmucheffort.D.Youdon’tneedtocreateanaccount.2.Whatcanonedoifheisn’tsurewhentohandinhisadvertisement?A.VisittheMoreInfopage. B.Contacttheinsidesalesteam.C.SearchthePrivacyPolicypage. D.UsethenavigationontheAdOptionspage.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewspaper. B.Awebsite. C.Amagazine. D.Aguidebook.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了在《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》上發(fā)布廣告或法律通知的服務(wù)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Placealegalnotice,advertiseyourservices,orsellyourgoodsintheaward-winningnewspaper.Noneedtobeanexpert.(在獲獎(jiǎng)的報(bào)紙上發(fā)布法律通知，宣傳你的服務(wù)，或者銷售你的商品。不需要成為專家)”和“3EasySteps(3個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單步驟)”可推知，在《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》上刊登廣告或法律通知不麻煩，只需要3個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單步驟就可以完成，即不需要付出太多的精力。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FrequentlyAskedQuestions部分第3條中“Youcanfindthespecificdeadlinesfortheproductyou’reinterestedin,byvisitingtheMoreInfopageforthatspecificproduct.(您可以通過訪問該特定產(chǎn)品的MoreInfo頁面，找到您感興趣的產(chǎn)品的具體截止日期)”可知，如果不確定什么時(shí)候提交廣告，可以訪問MoreInfo頁面。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“IfyouneedmoreinformationregardingourPrivacyPolicy,pleaseclickhere.(如果您需要更多關(guān)于我們的隱私政策的信息，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊這里)”中“clickhere”可推知，本文出自一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。故選B項(xiàng)。BOnceuponatime,therewasasmallvillageinthecenterofabigforest.Allthevillagerswereusedtotheirroboticfarmworkandnoneofthemhadtheimaginationorthewill(意愿)totrysomethingnew,exceptforonegirlnamedJo.Veryfewcouldreadorwrite,andJowasoneofthem.Oneafternoon,whenJowasononeofherexplorationsintheforest,shecameuponanabandonedcottage(廢棄的小屋).Thoughshe’dbeenwarnedtostayawayfromabandonedplaces,hercuriositygotthebestofher.Sheslidinandwasamazedtofindaroomfullofbooks!Jo’sexcitementwashugewhensherealizedshehadfoundahiddentreasure.Sherantotellthevillagerseverything,thinkingthattheywouldshareherexcitementbutinstead,sheheardroarsoflaughter!Jowasconfusedbythisreaction(反應(yīng))andalittlehurttoo,butshedidnotgiveuponherbooks.Shecametothecottageeverydayandgotdowntoreadingthebooks.Forher,eachpagewasanadventurewithcharacterswhochallengeddifficultieswiththeirdeterminationandwhostruggledforgood.Knowingthepowerofstoriesinimpressingonpeoplethevaluesoflife,shedecidedtosharethestorieswiththevillagers,thoughsheknewitwouldbeadifficultjourney.Makingthishermission(使命),Jostartedtellingstorieseverydayathercottage.Inthebeginning,onlyafewcametothereadings.Butwordspreadrapidly,causingmoreandmorepeopletocome,someofwhomeventraveledfromfarawaytojustlistentoherstories.Shealsoconductedworkshopsinwhichshetaughtpeoplehowtoreadandwrite.Shewasrememberedandlivedinherstoriesevenaftershewaslonggone.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“gotthebestof”inparagraph2mean?A.Prevented. B.Frightened. C.Cheated. D.Beat.5.WhydidthevillagerslaughwhenJotoldthemherdiscovery?A.Theyalreadyknewit. B.Theythoughtnothingofit.C.Itwasrelatedtosomethingfun. D.ItwasallJo’simagination.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeJo?A.Caringbutconfusing. B.Honestandhelpful.C.Adventurousbutcareless. D.Determinedandinfluential.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheDiscoveryofaHiddenTreasureB.Jo’sJourney:fromAdventuretoEducationC.ThePowerofStoriesinChallengingDifficultiesD.Jo’sAdventure:UnearthinganAbandonedCottage〖答案〗4.D5.B6.D7.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了小女孩喬通過自己的想象力和決心，將一個(gè)被遺忘的舊書屋變成了一個(gè)充滿冒險(xiǎn)和想象力的神圣地方?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語的上文“Thoughshe’dbeenwarnedtostayawayfromabandonedplaces,(雖然她被警告要遠(yuǎn)離廢棄的地方，)”和下文“Sheslidinandwasamazedtofindaroomfullofbooks!Jo’sexcitementwashugewhensherealizedshehadfoundahiddentreasure.(她溜了進(jìn)去，驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)滿屋子都是書!當(dāng)喬意識(shí)到她找到了一個(gè)隱藏的寶藏時(shí)，她非常興奮。)”可知，喬雖然被警告遠(yuǎn)離廢棄的地方，但是她還是去了，說明好奇心“戰(zhàn)勝了”她，所以劃線短語是“戰(zhàn)勝、擊敗”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Sherantotellthevillagerseverything,thinkingthattheywouldshareherexcitementbutinstead,sheheardroarsoflaughter!(她跑去告訴村民們一切，以為他們會(huì)分享她的興奮，但相反，她聽到了哄堂大笑!)”和第四段“Knowingthepowerofstoriesinimpressingonpeoplethevaluesoflife,shedecidedtosharethestorieswiththevillagers,thoughsheknewitwouldbeadifficultjourney(她知道故事的力量能讓人們深刻認(rèn)識(shí)到生命的價(jià)值，所以她決定與村民們分享這些故事，盡管她知道這將是一段艱難的旅程)”可推知，村民們哄堂大笑是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)喬的發(fā)現(xiàn)不以為然。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Knowingthepowerofstoriesinimpressingonpeoplethevaluesoflife,shedecidedtosharethestorieswiththevillagers,thoughsheknewitwouldbeadifficultjourney.Makingthishermission(使命),Jostartedtellingstorieseverydayathercottage.(她知道故事的力量能讓人們深刻認(rèn)識(shí)到生命的價(jià)值，所以她決定與村民們分享這些故事，盡管她知道這將是一段艱難的旅程。把這作為她的使命，喬開始每天在她的小屋里講故事)”和最后一段“Inthebeginning,onlyafewcametothereadings.Butwordspreadrapidly,causingmoreandmorepeopletocome,someofwhomeventraveledfromfarawaytojustlistentoherstories.(一開始，只有少數(shù)人來閱讀。但消息迅速傳播開來，越來越多的人來聽她的故事，其中一些人甚至從很遠(yuǎn)的地方來聽她的故事。)”可知，喬是一個(gè)堅(jiān)定而有影響力的人。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀可知，文章主要講述了小女孩喬通過自己的想象力和決心，在探險(xiǎn)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)被遺忘的舊書屋并將其變成了一個(gè)充滿冒險(xiǎn)和想象力的神圣地方，吸引了越來越多的人來聽她的故事，且她還舉辦了講習(xí)班，教人們?nèi)绾伍喿x和寫作，所以B選項(xiàng)“喬的旅程：從冒險(xiǎn)到教育”能概括全文內(nèi)容，適合用作文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。C“Hallucinate”—theWordof2023CambridgeDictionaryhasnamed“hallucinate”asthewordoftheyearfor2023—whilegivingitanaddednewmeaningrelatingtoAI(artificialintelligence)technology.TheaddedCambridgeDictionarydefinition(定義)reads:“WhenanAIhallucinates,itproducesfalseinformation,whichcanvary(變化)fromsuggestionsthatseemperfectlybelievabletoonesthatareclearlynon-sense.”WendalynNichols,CambridgeDictionary’spublishingmanager,said:“ThefactthatAIscan‘hallucinate’remindsusthathumansstillneedtobringtheircritical(批判的)thinkingskillstotheuseofthesetools.AIscandrawoutspecificinformationweneedfromhugeamountsandpieceittogether.That’samazing.Buttheyjuststopthere.Themoreoriginal(原創(chuàng)的)youaskthemtobe,thelikeliertheyaretogowrong.”Actually,attheirbest,AIscanonlybeasdependableastheirtraininginformation.Humans’professionalknowledgeismoreimportantthanever,tocreatethetruthfulandup-to-dateinformationthatAIscanbetrainedon.AIscanhallucinateinaconfidentandthusmoremisleadingmanner.Theirinfluenceshavebeenshowninreal-worldexamples.InGoogle’sadvertisementforitschatbotBard,theAItoolmadeanerrorabouttheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope.AUSlawcompanyusedcasesmadeupbyAIsincourtafterusingChatGPTforlegalresearch.“Thewidespreaduseoftheword‘hallucinate’torefertomistakesbyAIsoffersusaquicklookathowwe’retreatingthemasourequals,”saidDrHenry,anAIethicistatCambridgeUniversity.“‘Hallucinate’isoriginallyaverbsuggestingsomeoneexperiencingadisconnectfromreality,”hecontinued.“Itmirrorsanunnoticeablechangeinperception(認(rèn)知):theAI,nottheuser,istheone‘hallucinating’”.Itseemsthatastimeprogresses,psychologicalvocabularywillbefurtherenlargedtodescribethestrangeabilitiesofthenewintelligenceswe’recreating.8.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthefalseinformationAIsproduce?A.Itdoesn’tmakeanysensetous. B.Wedidn’tknowaboutituntil2023.C.IthappensbecauseofAIs’limitation. D.Weinventedanewwordtodescribeit.9.WhatmaybethekeytotrainingAIs?A.Theinformationthey’reoffered. B.Thewaythey’retrainedin.C.Thehumanexpertstheyworkwith. D.Thethinkingskillstheyuse.10.WhydoestheauthormentionGoogle’sadvertisementinparagraph5?A.Tointroduceanewtopic. B.Toproveanestablishedfact.C.TocomparetheeffectsAIsproduce. D.TolistAIs’differentapplications.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheproperwaytotreatAIs.B.People’sunderstandingofAIs.C.Commentsonthenewuseof“hallucinate”.D.Thechangeinthemeaningof“hallucinate”.〖答案〗8.C9.A10.B11.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了劍橋詞典近日宣布2023年年度詞匯為“hallucinate”并賦予了它與人工智能技術(shù)相關(guān)的新含義?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TheaddedCambridgeDictionarydefinition(定義)reads:“WhenanAIhallucinates,itproducesfalseinformation,whichcanvary(變化)fromsuggestionsthatseemperfectlybelievabletoonesthatareclearlynon-sense.”(劍橋詞典新增的定義是這樣的：‘當(dāng)人工智能產(chǎn)生幻覺時(shí)，它會(huì)產(chǎn)生虛假信息，這些信息可能會(huì)變化，從看似完全可信的建議到明顯毫無意義的建議?！?”以及第三段WendalynNichols所說話中的“AIscandrawoutspecificinformationweneedfromhugeamountsandpieceittogether.That’samazing.Buttheyjuststopthere.Themoreoriginal(原創(chuàng)的)youaskthemtobe,thelikeliertheyaretogowrong.(人工智能可以從大量信息中提取出我們需要的特定信息，并將其拼湊在一起。這是驚人的。但他們就止步于此。你越要求他們?cè)瓌?chuàng)，他們出錯(cuò)的可能性就越大。)”可知，人工智能可以從大量信息中提取出我們需要的特定信息并將其拼湊在一起，但是也僅限于此，當(dāng)你越要求他們?cè)瓌?chuàng)，他們出錯(cuò)的可能性就越大。由此可知，人工智能產(chǎn)生幻覺時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生虛假信息，這是由于人工智能的局限性所導(dǎo)致的。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Actually,attheirbest,AIscanonlybeasdependableastheirtraininginformation.Humans’professionalknowledgeismoreimportantthanever,tocreatethetruthfulandup-to-dateinformationthatAIscanbetrainedon.(實(shí)際上，在最好的情況下，人工智能只能和它們的訓(xùn)練信息一樣可靠。人類的專業(yè)知識(shí)比以往任何時(shí)候都更重要，因?yàn)樗梢詾槿斯ぶ悄芴峁┱鎸?shí)和最新的信息。)”可知，人工智能的可靠性取決于訓(xùn)練信息，而人類的專業(yè)知識(shí)比以往任何時(shí)候都更重要，因?yàn)樗梢詾槿斯ぶ悄芴峁┱鎸?shí)和最新的信息；由此可知，培訓(xùn)人工智能的關(guān)鍵是人類運(yùn)用專業(yè)知識(shí)提供給它們真實(shí)和最新的信息，這可以提高人工智能的可靠性。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第五段“AIscanhallucinateinaconfidentandthusmoremisleadingmanner.Theirinfluenceshavebeenshowninreal-worldexamples.InGoogle’sadvertisementforitschatbotBard,theAItoolmadeanerrorabouttheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope.AUSlawcompanyusedcasesmadeupbyAIsincourtafterusingChatGPTforlegalresearch.(人工智能可以自信地產(chǎn)生幻覺，從而更容易誤導(dǎo)人。它們的影響已經(jīng)在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的例子中得到了體現(xiàn)。在谷歌的聊天機(jī)器人Bard的廣告中，這個(gè)人工智能工具在詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡的問題上犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。一家美國(guó)律師公司在使用ChatGPT進(jìn)行法律研究后，在法庭上使用了人工智能編造的案例。)”指出，人工智能可以自信地產(chǎn)生幻覺，從而更容易誤導(dǎo)人，作者運(yùn)用谷歌的聊天機(jī)器人Bard的廣告中Bard犯了錯(cuò)誤以及一家美國(guó)律師公司在法庭上使用ChatGPT編造的案例，來證明一個(gè)既定的事實(shí)：人工智能可以自信地產(chǎn)生幻覺更容易誤導(dǎo)人，這在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界得到了體現(xiàn)；故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。最后一段““Thewidespreaduseoftheword‘hallucinate’torefertomistakesbyAIsoffersusaquicklookathowwe’retreatingthemasourequals,”saidDrHenry,anAIethicistatCambridgeUniversity.“‘Hallucinate’isoriginallyaverbsuggestingsomeoneexperiencingadisconnectfromreality,”hecontinued.“Itmirrorsanunnoticeablechangeinperception(認(rèn)知):theAI,nottheuser,istheone‘hallucinating’”.Itseemsthatastimeprogresses,psychologicalvocabularywillbefurtherenlargedtodescribethestrangeabilitiesofthenewintelligenceswe’recreating.(劍橋大學(xué)人工智能倫理學(xué)家亨利Henry說：“‘幻覺’這個(gè)詞被廣泛用于指代人工智能的錯(cuò)誤，這讓我們迅速了解到，我們是如何平等地對(duì)待它們的?！薄啊瓾allucinate’最初是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，表示某人與現(xiàn)實(shí)脫節(jié)，”他繼續(xù)說道。“這反映了一種難以察覺的認(rèn)知變化：產(chǎn)生‘幻覺’的是人工智能，而不是用戶?！彼坪蹼S著時(shí)間的推移，心理學(xué)詞匯將進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，以描述我們正在創(chuàng)造的新智能的奇怪能力。)”闡述了劍橋大學(xué)人工智能倫理學(xué)家亨利Henry對(duì)于“Hallucinate”被賦予了它與人工智能技術(shù)相關(guān)的新含義的評(píng)價(jià)，他認(rèn)為這反應(yīng)了我們是如何平等對(duì)待人工智能以及一種認(rèn)知變化；C選項(xiàng)“Commentsonthenewuseof“hallucinate”.(對(duì)‘hallucinate’新用法的評(píng)論)”能夠概括本段主旨。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youprobablybelievethatweightlosshastobetiedtocountlesshoursatthegymoreatingnothingbutvegetables.Luckily,droppingacoupledresssizesdoesn’ttakeanythingthatextreme.____12____ReadonandIensureyou’llbehelpedinyourweightlossefforts.StopEatingOut.Thinkbacktowhenyourmotherfedyou.Doyourememberwhatthedinnerplateslookedlike?Nowcomparethattowhatthe“plates”looklikeatthosechainrestaurants.____13____Therearedozensofstudiesabouteatingoutandtheyallleadtooneconclusion:ifyoueatout,youovereat!Takeabreakfromeatingoutforthenextsixweeksandseehoweasilyyoucandropadresssizeoreventwo.____14____Youdon’thavetoavoidthefoodsthatyouenjoy—youjustcan’teatbigservingsofthem.Aneasywaytodothisistousesmallerplatesforyourmeals.____15____Anddon’tthinkthatjustbecausesomethingisonyourplate,youhavetoeatit.Differentfromwhatyourmothertoldyou,youdon’thaveto“cleanyourplate”.Infact—youshouldn’t.Eatslowlyandstopwhenyouaren’thungryanymore.MakeBetterChoices.IknowIjustsaidthatyoucaneatthefoodsyouenjoyandstillloseweight.____16____Thekeyismoderation(適量).Sowhenyoushop,gotoawetmarketinsteadofasupermarket.Whenyou’reatwork,keephealthsnackshandysoyoudon’thavetoturntothecompany’svendingmachine(自動(dòng)販賣機(jī)).Improvingyourchoiceswillspeedupyourweightloss.A.Lessenyourintake.B.Eatwithsmallerplates.C.It’snowonderyouareputtingonweight.D.Youwillfindthattheyhavealotincommon.E.Butthatdoesn’tmeancontentingyourselfwithcandyandchips.F.Whatitdoestakeismakingsomesmallchangesinyourbadbehaviors.G.Thatway,you’renotlosingthefunofeatingwhilestillexercisinggoodjudgment.〖答案〗12.F13.C14.A15.G16.E【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些通過改變習(xí)慣減肥的方法。【12題詳析】上文“Luckily,droppingacoupledresssizesdoesn’ttakeanythingthatextreme.(幸運(yùn)的是，減小幾個(gè)裙子尺寸并沒有那么極端)”提到了減肥沒那么極端，可知本句是在說明減肥的正確方法。故F選項(xiàng)“真正需要做的是在你的壞習(xí)慣上做一些小的改變”符合語境，故選F?！?3題詳析】根據(jù)上文“StopEatingOut.Thinkbacktowhenyourmotherfedyou.Doyourememberwhatthedinnerplateslookedlike?Nowcomparethattowhatthe“plates”looklikeatthosechainrestaurants.(停止外出就餐?；叵胍幌履銒寢尳o你提供食物的時(shí)候。你還記得餐盤是什么樣子嗎？現(xiàn)在把它和那些連鎖餐館里的“盤子”相比較)”以及后文“Therearedozensofstudiesabouteatingoutandtheyallleadtooneconclusion:ifyoueatout,youovereat!Takeabreakfromeatingoutforthenextsixweeksandseehoweasilyyoucandropadresssizeoreventwo.(有很多關(guān)于外出就餐的研究，它們都得出了一個(gè)結(jié)論：如果你外出就餐，你會(huì)吃得過多！在接下來的六個(gè)星期里，休息一下，不要出去吃飯，看看你是如何輕松地減掉一個(gè)甚至兩個(gè)尺碼的衣服)”可知，外出就餐會(huì)導(dǎo)致吃的更多，從而導(dǎo)致長(zhǎng)胖。故C選項(xiàng)“難怪你長(zhǎng)胖了”符合語境，承上啟下。故選C。【14題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Youdon’thavetoavoidthefoodsthatyouenjoy—youjustcan’teatbigservingsofthem.Aneasywaytodothisistousesmallerplatesforyourmeals.(你不需要避開你喜歡的食物——你只是不能吃很多。一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是用小盤子吃飯)”可知，本段的建議是減少攝入量。故A選項(xiàng)“減少攝入量”符合語境，故選A?！?5題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Aneasywaytodothisistousesmallerplatesforyourmeals.(一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是用小盤子吃飯)”可知，本句承接上文，說明用小盤子吃飯對(duì)減肥的好處。故G選項(xiàng)“這樣，你既不會(huì)失去吃東西的樂趣，又能保持良好的判斷力”符合語境，故選G?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“IknowIjustsaidthatyoucaneatthefoodsyouenjoyandstillloseweight.(我知道我剛剛說過，你可以吃你喜歡的食物，仍然可以減肥)”以及后文“Thekeyismoderation(適量).(關(guān)鍵是適度)”可知，上文提到吃喜歡的東西仍然可以減肥，后文提到了適度，故本句是在說明遵循“吃喜歡的東西仍然可以減肥”原則需要注意的問題。故E選項(xiàng)“但這并不意味著滿足你吃糖果和薯?xiàng)l”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihaveworkedwithhundredsofstudentsinmythirty-sixyearsofSpanishteachingatWalpoleHighSchoolinMassachusetts.Someofthemare____17____whilesomeareacademically(學(xué)業(yè)上)atrisk.____18____,onlyonestandsoutinmymemory.Vincententeredmyclassroomasa____19____freshmanonhisfirstdayofhighschool.Hiseighthgradeteacherhaddescribedhimasthat“sad,introverted(內(nèi)向的)boyalwaysloweringhishead.”AsforhisSpanish,hehadn’thadalotof____20____before.Atfirsthewasshyabout____21____questionsinSpanish.ItoldhimIcouldrelatetohisshyness,butheneededtogetoveritandjoininmore____22____abouthisfamilyandinterests.LittlebylittleVincentbecamebraver.Someclassesevensawhimnotonly____23____toanswerquestionsbutalsosharehisopinions.Iwasbeginningtoviewhimasa____24____rolemodelfortheotherstudents.OncespringcameIrecommendedhe____25____theNationalSpanishCompetition.Muchtomy____26____,hewonthesecondprize.Oneofmy____27____momentsashisteacherwastocallVincenttothestageatouryearlyForeignLanguageAwardsNightto____28____himforhisoutstandingperformance.Severalyearslaterwhenwe____29____inthestreet,hetoldmemyclasswasthefirstonewherehehad____30____success.Ithasimpressedonmehowimportantitisforteachersto____31____withkidsandalsoremindedmehowsuccessproducessuccess.17.A.responsible B.gifted C.average D.hopeless18.A.However B.Atlast C.Instead D.Forexample19.A.confident B.curious C.nervous D.top20.A.success B.courses C.plans D.difficulty21.A.changing B.listing C.designing D.answering22.A.reports B.conversations C.games D.jokes23.A.pretend B.volunteer C.fail D.promise24.A.shy B.different C.positive D.native25.A.getreadyfor B.quit C.host D.signupfor26.A.surprise B.disappointment C.confusion D.annoyance27.A.busiest B.saddest C.funniest D.proudest28.A.respect B.punish C.honor D.pardon29.A.cameacross B.camealong C.turnedup D.turnedaround30.A.copied B.tasted C.studied D.celebrated31.A.play B.compete C.connect D.share〖答案〗17.B18.A19.C20.A21.D22.B23.B24.C25.D26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了高一新生文森特剛開始很害羞，西班牙語也不是很好，且在課堂上不愿意回答問題，作者鼓勵(lì)他克服害羞，慢慢地，他會(huì)主動(dòng)在課堂上回答問題，并分享自己的觀點(diǎn)。作者還鼓勵(lì)他參加全國(guó)西班牙比賽，最終他獲得第二名的好成績(jī)。【17題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們中的一些人天賦異稟，而另一些人則面臨學(xué)業(yè)上的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.responsible有責(zé)任的；B.gifted有天賦的；C.average平均的；D.hopeless沒有希望的。由下文“whilesomeareacademically(學(xué)業(yè)上)atrisk.”中的while可知，前后是對(duì)比關(guān)系，即一些人天賦異稟，而另一些人則學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)不好，故選B?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，只有一個(gè)在我的記憶中脫穎而出。A.However然而；B.Atlast最后；C.Instead相反；D.Forexample例如。上文“Someofthemare______whilesomeareacademically(學(xué)業(yè)上)atrisk.”提到作者教過上百個(gè)學(xué)生，有的很有天賦，而有的則學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)不行，下文“onlyonestandsoutinmymemory.”指出只有一個(gè)學(xué)生讓作者很難忘，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however，故選A?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：新生文森特在高中第一天緊張地走進(jìn)我的教室。A.confident自信的；B.curious好奇的；C.nervous緊張的；D.top頂端的。由下文“Hiseighthgradeteacherhaddescribedhimasthat“sad,introverted(內(nèi)向的)boyalwaysloweringhishead”可知，文森特很內(nèi)向，由此可推知，第一天去高中時(shí)應(yīng)該很緊張，故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：至于他的西班牙語，他以前并沒有取得多大成功。A.success成功；B.courses課程；C.plans計(jì)劃；D.difficulty困難。由下文“Atfirsthewasshyabout________questionsinSpanish”可知，起初文森特不好意思用西班牙語回答問題，下文提到在作者的鼓勵(lì)下慢慢地敢于在課堂上回答問題，并在全國(guó)西班牙比賽中獲得第二名可知，他剛開始西班牙語并沒有取得很大成功，即并沒有很好。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：起初他不好意思用西班牙語回答問題。A.changing改變；B.listing列清單；C.designing設(shè)計(jì)；D.answering回答。由下文“answerquestions”可知，他剛開始不好意思用西班牙語回答問題，但是在作者的鼓勵(lì)下，他越來越勇敢，敢于在課堂上回答問題，故選D。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴他我可以理解他的害羞，但他需要克服它并談?wù)摳嘤嘘P(guān)他的家庭和興趣。A.reports報(bào)告；B.conversations交談；C.games游戲；D.jokes玩笑。由上文“ItoldhimIcouldrelatetohisshyness,butheneededtogetoveritandjoininmore”以及上文提到的文森特很害羞，不敢在課堂回答問題，作者鼓勵(lì)他，慢慢地他開始在課堂回答問題并分享自己的觀點(diǎn)可知，作者應(yīng)該是鼓勵(lì)他談?wù)摳嘤嘘P(guān)他的家庭和興趣。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有的課堂甚至看到他不僅主動(dòng)回答問題，還分享自己的觀點(diǎn)。A.pretend假裝；B.volunteer自愿做；主動(dòng)要求做；C.fail失?。籇.promise承諾。由上文“LittlebylittleVincentbecamebraver.”和下文“toanswerquestionsbutalsosharehisopinions”可知，文森特越來越勇敢，所以會(huì)主動(dòng)在課堂上回答問題，并分享自己的觀點(diǎn)，故選B。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始把他視為其他學(xué)生的積極榜樣。A.shy害羞的；B.different不同的；C.positive積極的；D.native本地的。由上文“LittlebylittleVincentbecamebraver.Someclassesevensawhimnotonly______toanswerquestionsbutalsosharehisopinions.”可知，文森特越來越勇敢，所以會(huì)主動(dòng)在課堂上回答問題，并分享自己的觀點(diǎn)，所以作者把他視為其他學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極榜樣，故選C。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：春天來臨時(shí)，我建議他報(bào)名參加全國(guó)西班牙語比賽。A.getreadyfor為……準(zhǔn)備好；B.quit停止；C.host舉辦；D.signupfor報(bào)名參加。下文“hewonthesecondprize.”提到文森特贏得了比賽第二名，說明在作者的建議下，他參加了全國(guó)西班牙語比賽。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，他獲得了二等獎(jiǎng)。A.surprise驚訝；B.disappointment失望；C.confusion困惑；D.annoyance惱怒。由下文“hewonthesecondprize.”可知，文森特獲得了第二名，這讓作者感到很驚訝，故選A?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞最高級(jí)辨析。句意：作為他的老師，我最自豪的時(shí)刻之一就是在我們一年一度的外語頒獎(jiǎng)之夜邀請(qǐng)文森特上臺(tái)，以表彰他的杰出表現(xiàn)。A.busiest最忙的；B.saddest最傷心的；C.funniest最有趣的；D.proudest最驕傲的。由上文“hewonthesecondprize.”和下文“ashisteacherwastocallVincenttothestageatouryearlyForeignLanguageAwardsNight”可知，文森特獲得了全國(guó)西班牙語比賽第二名，作者作為他的老師，在一年一度的外語頒獎(jiǎng)之夜邀請(qǐng)他上臺(tái)，這是作者最自豪的時(shí)刻，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為他的老師，我最自豪的時(shí)刻之一就是在我們一年一度的外語頒獎(jiǎng)之夜邀請(qǐng)文森特上臺(tái)，以表彰他的杰出表現(xiàn)。A.respect尊敬；B.punish懲罰；C.honor給……以榮譽(yù)；表彰；D.pardon原諒。由下文“himforhisoutstandingperformance.”可知，邀請(qǐng)文森特上臺(tái)，以表彰他的杰出表現(xiàn)，故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：幾年后，當(dāng)我們?cè)诮稚舷嘤鰰r(shí)，他告訴我，在我的班級(jí)他第一次嘗到成功的滋味。A.cameacross偶遇；B.camealong過來；C.turnedup出現(xiàn)；D.turnedaround轉(zhuǎn)身。由下文“hetoldmemyclasswasthefirstone”可知，作者在街上遇到文森特，他和作者談話，故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年后，當(dāng)我們?cè)诮稚舷嘤鰰r(shí)，他告訴我，在我的班級(jí)他第一次嘗到成功的滋味。A.copied復(fù)制；B.tasted品嘗；C.studied學(xué)習(xí)；D.celebrated慶祝。由下文“success.”和上文提到作者的學(xué)生文森特獲得了全國(guó)西班牙語比賽第二名可知，在作者的班級(jí)上，文森特第一次嘗到成功的滋味。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我印象深刻，老師與孩子們建立良好關(guān)系是多么重要，也提醒我成功是如何產(chǎn)生成功的。A.play玩；B.compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；C.connect連接，建立良好關(guān)系；D.share分享。上文提到作者鼓勵(lì)害羞的文森特在課堂上大膽用西班牙語回答問題，慢慢地文森特勇敢起來，開始在課堂上積極回答問題可知，作者作為一名老師對(duì)文森特產(chǎn)生了很大的影響，這讓作者感悟到，學(xué)生與老師建立良好關(guān)系很重要，故選C。第二節(jié)單句語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。32.Villagersarerequested________(preserve)theforests.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗topreserve【詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：村民們被要求保護(hù)森林。此處用固定短語berequestedtodosth.表示“被要求做某事”，空處應(yīng)用preserve“保護(hù)”的不定式形式，作主語補(bǔ)足語。故填topreserve。33.Itrainedcatsanddogs,________(cause)terribleflooding.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗causing【詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：下起了傾盆大雨，造成了可怕的洪水。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，再分析句意，“造成了可怕的洪水”是自然而然，順理成章的結(jié)果，所以用非謂語動(dòng)詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填causing。34.Dietandexerciseare________(obvious)importantforhealth.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗obviously【詳析】考查副詞。句意：飲食和運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)健康顯然很重要。設(shè)空處修飾形容詞important作狀語，用副詞obviously。故填obviously。35.Sheoftenswimstobuildupthe________(strong)ofherarms.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗strength【詳析】考查名詞。句意：她經(jīng)常游泳以增強(qiáng)手臂的力量。由句意及空前的buildupthe可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填strong的名詞形式strength作賓語，意為“力量”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填strength。36.Chinaisandwillbeanengineforthe________(globe)economy.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗global【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：中國(guó)現(xiàn)在是、將來也將是全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的引擎。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用〖提示〗詞的形容詞形式global作定語修飾名詞economy表示“全球的”經(jīng)濟(jì)。故填global。37.Thefilmmadeadeep________(impress)oneverybodywhosawit.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗impression【詳析】考查名詞。句意：這部電影給每個(gè)看過的人都留下了深刻的印象。分析句子可知，空處作make的賓語，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞，makeanimpressiononsb.為固定搭配，意為“給……留下印象”。故填impression。38.Picassoisanartist________paintingsarerecognizedallaroundtheworld.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)〖答案〗whose【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：畢加索是一位藝術(shù)家，他的畫是全世界公認(rèn)的。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是定語從句，先行詞artist指人，再根據(jù)從句中的名詞paintings可知，此處用關(guān)系代詞whose作定語修飾paintings，表示所屬關(guān)系。故填whose。39.We’reamazedatthemeans________whichancientEgyptiansmovedthestones.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)〖答案〗by【詳析】考查介詞。句意：我們對(duì)古埃及人移動(dòng)石頭的方式感到驚訝。句子分析可知，“_______whichancientEgyptiansmovedthestones”為“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，which指代先行詞themeans，表示“用……方法”means與介詞by搭配，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填介詞by。故填by。40.Themotherwasfrightenedbecauseherson________(trap)intheburninghouse.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗wastrapped【詳析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：母親很害怕，因?yàn)樗膬鹤颖焕г谥鸬姆孔永铩７治鼍湟饪芍?，本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，因?yàn)閠rap和從句中的主語herson之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以從句用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，謂語動(dòng)詞用be+過去分詞，又因?yàn)閔erson是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，所以be動(dòng)詞用was。故〖答案〗為wastrapped。41.Languageisoneofthe________(factor)thataffectculturalexchangeamongcountries.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)〖答案〗factors【詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：語言是影響國(guó)家間文化交流的因素之一。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語，factor為可數(shù)名詞，意為“因素”，根據(jù)空前oneofthe可知設(shè)空處表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，應(yīng)填factors，構(gòu)成“oneofthe+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。故填factors。第三節(jié)選