新教材英語人教版選擇性課時(shí)作業(yè)23Unit5WorkingtheLandDiscoverUsefulStructures

Ⅰ.閱讀理解SkyscrapersarethesymbolofUrbanlife.Citypeopleareusedtoseeingtallbuildingsandapartments.Farms，ontheotherhand，areassociatedwithrural(農(nóng)村的)life.However，thereareexpertswhothinkskyscrapersshouldbeefarmstomeettheincreasingfoodneeds.Bythemiddleofthiscentury,somescientistssuggest，almost80%oftheearth'spopulationcouldliveincities.Inaddition，thepopulationcouldincreaseto9.1billionpeopleduringthattimeyettheamountoflandavailableforfarmingwillbethesame.Ifcurrentfarmingpracticesdon'tchange，wewillneedanareaofnewlandtoproduceenoughfoodfortheplanet.Verticalfarms,whereurbanfarmerscouldgrowcropsinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.Inspiteofconcernsoverhighcosts,expertswanttomakeitarealityandusetheseskyscraperstogrowcrops.Verticalfarmswouldhavemanyadvantages,supporterssay.Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingcouldbefreeofchemicalsanddiseases.Besides,cropswouldnotsufferfromproblemslikeflooding.Finally，verticalfarmswouldreducethecostandnegativeeffectsoftransportingfoodoverlongdistances.Somearguethatalthoughcropsgrowinginatallglassbuildingwouldgetnaturalsunlightduringtheday，itwouldn'tbeenough.Forthisreason，verticalfarmswouldneedadditionallightsources(來源),suchasartificiallight.Anotherwayofgrowingfreshfoodistobuildurbanfarmsonrooftops.Thismorepracticalapproachmaybemoreachievablethantheideaoffarmsinskyscrapers,researcherssuggest.Expertsagreethatinnovative(革新的)farmingpracticesareneededtosupporttheneedformorefoodataffordablecosts,bothtothefarmerandtotheconsumer，butthebestideascouldbeyettoe.本文屬于說明文，為了解決日益增長的食物需求，專家介紹了兩種在高樓大廈可以發(fā)展的農(nóng)業(yè)，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)和屋頂農(nóng)場。1．Whatprimaryproblemcouldverticalfarmingsettle?A．Poorstateofrurallife.B．Shortageoffoodsupply.C．Highcostfortransportingcrops.D．Environmentalpollutionbytransitionalfarming.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Verticalfarms,whereurbanfarmerscouldgrowcropsinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.可知，發(fā)展垂直農(nóng)業(yè)可能是解決食物緊缺的方法，故選B。2．Whatistheadvantageofverticalfarming?A．Itcanproduceorganicfood.B．Itrequireslittlecare.C．Itcanbenefittransportindustry.D．Itneedsverylowcost.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingcouldbefreeofchemicalsanddiseases.可知，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)不受化學(xué)物品和病蟲害的影響，故可以生產(chǎn)有機(jī)食品，故選A。3．Whatisabigchallengetomakeverticalfarmingareality?A．Farmableland. B．Cropdiseases.C．Lightsources. D．Climateconditions.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Somearguethatalthoughcropsgrowinginatallglassbuildingwouldgetnaturalsunlightduringtheday，itwouldn'tbeenough.可知，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)最大的問題就是光線不夠，需要額外的光源，故選C。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetest?A．FutureFoodNeeds B．SymbolofUrbanLifeC．FarmingonRooftops D．FarmsoftheFuture答案：D解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。為了解決日益增長的食物需求，專家介紹了兩種在高樓大廈可以發(fā)展的農(nóng)業(yè)，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)和屋頂農(nóng)場，故主要介紹未來的農(nóng)業(yè)類型，故選D。Ⅱ.七選五HowtoPassFinalExamsIfyou'reastudent,examsareanimportantpartnotonlyofanyclass,butalsoyourfinalgrade.Preparingthroughoutthesemesteristhemosteffectivewaytodowellonyourfinalexams.__1__However,therearethingsyoucandotohelpyoupassyourexams.Attendclassregularly.Youcannotsuccessfullypassaclassorexamsifyoudonotattendtheclass.Thiswillallowyoutohearimportantlecturesandtakenotes.Italsohelpsyouunderstandyourreadingsandassignments.__2__Teachersusuallydiscusswhatisonanexamduringclasses.Ifyouaren'tinclass,youcan'tgetthisimportantinformation.Startstudyingearly.__3__Amonthbeforethetestdateisagoodtimetobeginyourpreparations.Youcanstudysimplybyreviewingyournotesfor20—30minutesaday.Ifyouhavequestions,asktheteacher.__4__Practiceexamsareahighlyeffectivewaytostudyfortests.Theywillhelpyourelaxandpointoutanyweakareasyoumayhavegoingintothefinalexamdate.Ifyoutestyourselfjusttwice,youwillremember75%—80%ofthematerialtwoweekslater.Withnopracticetests,thatfigureisjust20%.Reduceyouranxiety.Youwouldn'thaveanxietyifyouweren'tworriedaboutpassingyourfinalexam.However,researchshowsthatanxietyblocksyourabilitytofocus,whichcanreallyputadamper(抑制)onyourstudyingandtestperformance.__5__A．Doapracticeexam.B．Understandhowyoucanstudybest.C．Everyindividuallearnsdifferently.D．Mostexamsarebasedonwhathappensinclass.E．Itisnevertooearlytostartstudyingforafinalexam.F．Basically,there'sjustnoshortcutforknowingthematerial.G．Trysomerelaxationtechniqueswhenyou'refeelingworried.本文屬于說明文，主要描述了幾個(gè)可以幫你通過期末考試的建議。1．F解析：根據(jù)上文Preparingthroughoutthesemesteristhemosteffectivewaytodowellonyourfinalexams.(準(zhǔn)備整個(gè)學(xué)期是在期末考試中取得好成績的最有效的方法。)可知要想取得好成績是沒有捷徑的。故F選項(xiàng)符合語境。2．D解析：根據(jù)下文Teachersusuallydiscusswhatisonanexamduringclasses.Ifyouaren'tinclass,youcan'tgetthisimportantinformation.(老師通常在課堂上討論考試內(nèi)容。如果你不上課，你就得不到這個(gè)重要的信息。)可知大多數(shù)考試都是基于課堂上發(fā)生的事情。故選D。3．E解析：根據(jù)下文Amonthbeforethetestdateisagoodtimetobeginyourpreparations.(考試前一個(gè)月是開始準(zhǔn)備的好時(shí)候。)以及本段小標(biāo)題Startstudyingearly.(早點(diǎn)開始學(xué)習(xí)。)可知是強(qiáng)調(diào)為期末考試開始學(xué)習(xí)永遠(yuǎn)不嫌早。故選E。4．A解析：根據(jù)下文Practiceexamsareahighlyeffectivewaytostudyfortests.(練習(xí)測(cè)驗(yàn)是一種非常有效的備考方法。)中practiceexam可對(duì)應(yīng)到A選項(xiàng)中Doapracticeexam.(做一個(gè)練習(xí)測(cè)驗(yàn))。故選A。5．G解析：根據(jù)上文However,researchshowsthatanxietyblocksyourabilitytofocus,whichcanreallyputadamper(抑制)onyourstudyingandtestperformance.(然而，研究表明，焦慮會(huì)阻礙你集中注意力，這真的會(huì)給你的學(xué)習(xí)和考試表現(xiàn)帶來負(fù)面影響。)可知感到擔(dān)憂時(shí)應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)放松。故選G。Ⅲ.語法填空InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,__1__Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight__2__(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsobinevarioushardwoodsandmetal__3__(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,__4__(use)twigs(樹枝)toremoveit.Overtime,__5__thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich__6__(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，__7__livedfromroughly551to479BC,influencedthe__8__(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand__9__(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat__10__theirhands.本文是說明文。文章主要從筷子使用的范圍，制作筷子的方式和方法，筷子使用的歷史及其發(fā)展等幾方面來展開論述的。1．a(chǎn)nd解析：考查并列連詞。這里列舉了一些亞洲的國家，它們是并列關(guān)