福建省東山縣第二中學高三上學期第一次月考（含聽力）英語試題

東山二中2019屆畢業(yè)班上學期第一次月考英語試題(考試時間:120分鐘,總分150分)第Ⅰ卷(共115分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題；每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Learnslowly. B.Practisemore. C.Takelessons.【答案】B【解析】2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whosebirthdaypartywillthespeakersattend?A.Amy’s. B.Derek’s. C.Karl’s.【答案】A【解析】3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whyisthewomaninahurry?A.Sheisheadingforschool.B.Shewantstofetchabook.C.Shehastopickuptheman.【答案】B【解析】4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Lowerhervoice. B.Dothelaundry. C.Paintthewall.【答案】A【解析】5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthehotel. B.Atthecustoms. C.Atthestation.【答案】B【解析】第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheenjoystheparties.B.Shehasputonweight.C.Shedoesexerciseregularly.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantoeat?A.Cookies. B.Hotdogs. C.Naturalfoods.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatkindofcoffeedoesthemanprefer?A.Black. B.Strong. C.Sweet.9.Whichdrinkdoesthemanlikemost?A.Tea. B.Coffee. C.Juice.10.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Getajar. B.Leaveatip. C.Meetafriend.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】11.WhatdidJaydoonNewYear’sDay?A.Hewentbackhome.B.Hejoinedinaparade.C.Hestayedwiththehostfamily.12.WhenistheRoseParadeusuallyheld?A.OnJanuary1st. B.OnNewYear’sEve. C.EverySunday.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Popbands. B.Sportsevents. C.NewYearcelebrations.【答案】11.C12.A13.C【解析】聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Colleagues. C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whenwillthewomangettheresultoftheinpersoninterview?A.Afewmonthslater. B.Aftergraduation. C.Inlessthanamonth.16.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Focusonhisstudies. B.Attendjobinterviews. C.Lookforsolutions.【答案】14.A15.C16.A【解析】聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhofoundedtheBritishA.SirHansSloane. B.KingGeorgeII. C.TheUKgovernment.18.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemuseum?A.Itisround.B.Itistotallyfree.C.Ithasglobalcollections.19.WhereistheEasterIslandStatueexhibited?A.InRoom4. B.InRoom24. C.InRoom40.20.WhoisNeil?A.Aprogramhost. B.Atourist. C.Atravelguide.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.A【解析】第二部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)單項填空(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)21.Intheearlymorningallofusstoodatthetopofthemountain___________eastofthecity,watching__________burningsunrising.A./;a B.the;aCthe;the D./;the【答案】A【解析】考查冠詞。east作為方位副詞時，單獨使用，不需要任何冠詞。當sun,moon前面有形容詞修飾時，可以使用不定冠詞。如aredsun一輪紅日；句意：在清晨，我們都站在城東的山頂上，看著一輪紅日在升起。22.Aradioortelevisionseries____asetofprogrammesofaparticularkindwhich____thesametitle.A.is;has B.is;have C.are;has D.are;have【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查主謂一致。句意：廣播或電視連續(xù)劇是一套具有相同標題的特定種類的節(jié)目。第一空主語是Aradioortelevisionseries，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，答案為is；第二空是考查定語從句的謂語動詞，此處先行詞是asetofprogrammes復數(shù)形式，在后面的定語從句中作主語，答案為have，故選B。23.Itisremendedthatanewrailway_____toconnectNingdeandQuzhouinZhejiangA.willbebuilt B.wouldbebuilt C.isbuilt D.bebuilt【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。句意：建議在浙江省修建一條連接寧德和衢州的新鐵路。固定句式：Itisremendedthat主語+（should）+動詞原形。此處anewrailway和build之間是被動關系，故答案為D。24.A7.0magnitudeEarthquakehitLushanCountyofSichuanProvinceonApril20_____morethan200people.A.tokill B.killing C.killed D.havingkilled【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：4月20日，四川蘆山縣發(fā)生7.0級地震，造成200多人死亡。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞做自然的結果狀語。故選B。25.Thepalaceisheavilyguarded,becauseinsideitswalls________.A.wheresittheEuropeanleaders B.theEuropeanleaderstheresitC.sittheEuropeanleaders D.thattheEuropeanleaderssit【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：宮殿守衛(wèi)森嚴，因為墻里面坐著歐洲的領導人。這里insideitswalls是地點狀語，后面用完全倒裝，謂語提到主語前面，選C?？键c：考查倒裝句26.SinceJackwaslaidofffromhisjobthreemonthsago,he_____anewone,butwithoutluck.A.lookedfor B.hadlookedforC.hasbeenlookingfor D.islookingfor【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：自從杰克三個月前被解雇后，他一直在找個新的工作，但是不走運。時間狀語是since引導的，主句應該是現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時，這里強調動作一直在進行而且可能還要進行下去，用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，故選C。27.—Haveyoufinishedbuildingyouronlinestore?—Yes.Everythingisreadyexceptfor_____Icansell.A.that B.what C.which D.how【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞的賓語從句。句意：—你的網(wǎng)上商店建好了嗎?—一切都準備好了，除了我要賣的。此處介詞for后面的賓語從句缺少引導詞，同時賓語從句的謂語動詞sell沒有賓語，所填詞應該其雙重作用，故答案為B。28.—Shelooksupset.—Yes,I’dratherI_______herthebadnews.A.didn’ttell B.don’ttell C.hadn’ttold D.wouldn’ttell【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：—她看上去很沮喪。—是，我寧愿我沒有告訴她這個壞消息。wouldratherthatsb.hadn’tdone表示寧愿過去沒有做某事。故答案為C。29.Wespendmoretimestudyingonourlessonsthanwe.A.takingexercise B.takeexerciseC.havetakenexercise D.dotakingexercise【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查替代和固定搭配。句意：我們花在功課上的時間比花在鍛煉上的時間多。固定搭配：spend（in）doingsth.“在做上花費”。此處用do代替前面的動詞spend，故答案為D。30.Theschoolinlibrarymymotherworksintheeastofthevillage.A.whose；lies B.which；lay C.which；lies D.which；lying【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句和謂語動詞。句意：我媽媽工作的圖書館所在的學校在村子的東邊。第一空考查定語從句引導詞，此處Theschool是先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作定語，答案為whose；第二空考查句子謂語動詞，此處句子主語是Theschool，單數(shù)第三人稱，結合句意可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，答案為lies。故選A。31.Ourteacherenteredtheclassroom,__________.A.abookinhand B.abookinhandC.bookinhishand D.abookinhands【答案】B【解析】考查復合結構。withabookinhishand="a"bookinhand;句意：我們的老師進入教室，手里拿著書。32.—Whoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegardennow?—_____thenaughtychildren.A.Itis B.Theyare C.Thatis D.Thereare【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查強調句結構。句意：—現(xiàn)在誰在花園里制造這么多噪音?—是淘氣的孩子們。答語中只給出了被強調成分，that/who以及其后部分省略了。故選A。33.—Mum,haveyouseenmyUDisk?—______youboughtlastSunday?I'mafraidIhaven'tseen______.A.Theone;one B.Theone;it C.One;it D.That;one【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查it和Theone的用法，Theone特指某一個東西，one泛指某一個東西；it指上文已提及的事物，句意：—媽媽，你看到我的u盤了嗎?—你上個星期買的那個嗎？我恐怕沒有看見它”，所以選B。34.—Whywasourforeignteacherunhappyyesterday?—Newsaboutthetsunamistrikinghercountry______anattackofhomesickness.A.setfor B.setoutC.setabout D.setoff【答案】D【解析】試題分析：考查短語。句意：為什么我們的外教今天不開心？海嘯襲擊她的國家的新聞引發(fā)了她的思鄉(xiāng)之情。A.setfor安排；B.setout出發(fā)，開始；C.setabout著手，開始；D.setoff引發(fā)；根據(jù)詞義可知是引發(fā)了思鄉(xiāng)之情，故選D項。考點：考查短語35.—Mum,whatdidthedoctorsay?—Headvisedmetolive_________theairisfresher.A.if B.because C.where D.when【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查地點狀語從句。句意：—媽媽，醫(yī)生怎么說?他建議我住在空氣更清新的地方。結合句意可知此處是where引導的定語從句，故選C?！军c睛】淺談強調句1.用Itis／was...that／who...句型表示強調。（1）陳述句的強調句型：Itis/was+被強調部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當強調主語且主語指人）+其它部分。e.g.ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.（2）一般疑問句的強調句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?（3）特殊疑問句的強調句型：被強調部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?注：被強調的部分（通常是句子的主語、狀語、賓語或賓語補足語）放在is／was的后面，如被強調的是人，則后面可用who，whom等代替。2.not...until...句型的強調句：句型為：Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調部分+that+其它部分：e.g.普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.強調句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.3.強調謂語動詞：用助動詞do,does或did加動詞原形來強調謂語動詞。注意：此種強調只用do/does和did，沒有別的形式；過去時態(tài)用did，后面的謂語動詞用原形。如：Doeearly.務必早來。Hedidsendyoualetterlastweek.昨天他確實寄給你一封信。第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Manylanguagelearnersthinktheirpronunciationisgoodenoughbecausetheirteacherdoesn'tcorrectthemtoooftenorbecauseotherstudentscan___36___them.Pronunciationistheareawhichis___37___theleastattentiontoinlanguagelearning.Mostteachers___38___justlettheirstudentsspeakandstopthem___39___theysaysomethingpletelywrong.Workingoneachstudent'spronunciationinclassisjust___40___.Also,thestudentswhoare___41___atpronunciationmaybeafraidthatitwillembarrasstheirclassmatesiftheyhelp___42___theirmistakes.Ifyoubelieveyourpronunciationisgoodenoughto___43___becauseitisgoodenoughforyourteacherandotherstudents,youmaybe___44___whenyouactuallygotoaforeigncountry.Oneofmyfriendswasthebeststudentinhis___45___classinPoland.WhenhewenttoAmerica,hefoundAmericansdidn'tunderstand___46___ofwhathesaid.Yourpronunciationmaystillbequite___47___thatofanativespeaker.Ifthisisthe___48___，otherpeoplewillfindit___49___tounderstandwhatyou'resayingandwillnotbefortablewithyou.___50___，don'tthinkyoucanmunicateinaforeignlanguage___51___you'vetestedyourskillsonrealnativespeakers.___52___fornativeornear-nativepronunciationsothatpeopleyoutalktocanmunicatewithyou___53___.Inordertoachievethisgoal,there's___54___thatyouwillneedtostartthinkingaboutpronunciationand___55___timeonit.36.A.mistake B.watch C.surround D.understand37.A.fixed B.drawn C.paid D.called38.A.never B.ever C.even D.usually39.A.onlyif B.ifonly C.evenif D.ifever40.A.fantastic B.impossible C.necessary D.important41.A.poor B.well C.good D.strict42.A.findout B.workout C.tryout D.pointout43.A.municate B.travel C.pronounce D.exchange44.A.happy B.disappointed C.surprised D.excited45.A.Polish B.French C.German D.English46.A.none B.half C.rest D.lot47.A.nearto B.differentfrom C.farfrom D.fromfar48.A.same B.matter C.case D.fact49.A.easy B.beneficial C.convenient D.hard50.A.Inconclusion B.Inaword C.Onthecontrary D.Inshort51.A.when B.until C.unless D.while52.A.Stand B.Look C.Aim D.Account53.A.smoothly B.Difficultly C.truly D.practically54.A.noway B.noneed C.nodoubt D.nowonder55.A.take B.cost C.spend D.kill【答案】36.D37.C38.D39.A40.B41.C42.D43.A44.C45.D46.B47.C48.C49.D50.A51.B52.C53.A54.C55.C【解析】本文講述了在英語教育上，人們對于發(fā)音教育的忽視，在語音教育上所花的時間太少，導致很多人都不能用英語和別人進行流利的交流，并呼吁彌補這種情況?！?6題詳解】動詞辨析。A.mistake弄錯；B.watch觀看；C.surround包圍；D.understand明白，理解。因為老師不糾正他們孩子同學能理解，他們就認為自己的英語很好。故選D?！?7題詳解】固定詞組。payattentionto…注意…；本句是一個被動語態(tài)，在語言學習中，發(fā)音是最不被注意的。故選C?！?8題詳解】副詞辨析。A.never從來沒有；B.ever曾經；C.even甚至；D.usually通常。通常大部分老師只是讓學生來講英語。故選D。【39題詳解】連詞辨析。A.onlyif只要；B.ifonly要是；C.evenif即使；D.ifever如果有過的話。只有當學生完全錯誤的時候，老師才會糾正他的錯誤。故選A?！?0題詳解】形容詞辨析。A.fantastic奇異的；B.impossible不可能；C.necessary必要的；D.important重要的。糾正每個學生的發(fā)音是不可能的事情。故選B?！?1題詳解】固定詞組。begoodat…擅長于…，故選C?！?2題詳解】動詞短語辨析。A.findout找出，查明；B.workout工作出，制定出；C.tryout試驗；D.pointout指出。擅長發(fā)音的同學當心如果他們指出同學的錯誤會讓同學感覺很尷尬。故選D?！?3題詳解】動詞辨析。A.municate交流；B.travel旅行；C.pronounce發(fā)音；D.exchange交換。也許你認為你的發(fā)音很好足以進交流，但是當你真正在國外的時候，你很很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你的發(fā)音對方聽不懂。故選A?！?4題詳解】形容詞辨析。A.happy高興的；B.disappointed感到失望的；C.surprised感到吃驚的；D.excited感到興奮的。句意：但是當你真正在國外的時候，你很很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你的發(fā)音對方聽不懂。故選C?！?5題詳解】上下文串聯(lián)。A.Polish波蘭語；B.French法語；C.German德語；D.English英語。指這位波蘭朋友的英語是他們班上最好的。故選D。【46題詳解】形容詞辨析。他發(fā)現(xiàn)對方連一半也聽不懂。故選B?！?7題詳解】短語辨析。A.nearto接近的；B.differentfrom不同于；C.farfrom遠非；D.fromfar從遠處。你的發(fā)音遠遠不如以英語為母語的人。故選C?！?8題詳解】固定句型。Ifthisisthecase，如果這就是實際情況，那么別人就發(fā)現(xiàn)和你交流很困難。故選C?！?9題詳解】形容詞辨析。A.easy容易；B.beneficial有益的；C.convenient方便的；D.hard困難的。那么別人就發(fā)現(xiàn)和你交流很困難。故選D。【50題詳解】短語辨析。A.Inconclusion最后；B.Inaword總之；C.Onthecontrary正相反；D.Inshort簡言之。總之直到你在本地人的身上測試以后你才認為你能與當?shù)厝私涣?。故選A?！?1題詳解】固定句式。not…until…直到…才…；直到你在本地人的身上測試以后你才認為你能與當?shù)厝私涣?。故選B?！?2題詳解】固定詞組。aimfor以…為目標；以本地人或者半本地人為目標。故選C?！?3題詳解】副詞辨析。A.smoothly順利地；B.difficultly困難；C.truly真正地；D.practically實際地。以至于人們可以和你流利地交流。故選A?！?4題詳解】固定句型。Thereisnodoubtthat…毫無疑問…。故選C?！?5題詳解】固定句型。spend…on…在…花費時間；我們需要考慮在發(fā)音上多花點時間。故選C。第三部分閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AMuchofthevaluemothersandfathersbringtotheirchildrenisduetothefactthatmothersandfathersaredifferent.Andbycooperatingtogetherandplementingeachotherintheirdifferences，theyprovidethesegoodthingsthatsame-sexcaregiverscannotprovide.MothersandFathersPlayDifferently.Fatherstendtoplaywith,andmotherstendtocareforchildren.Whilebothmothersandfathersarephysical，fathersarephysicalindifferentways.Fathersareroughwhilemothersaregentle.Fathersencouragepetition；mothersencouragefairness.Onestyleencouragesindependencewhiletheotherencouragessecurity.Bothprovidesecurityandconfidenceintheirownwaysbymunicatingloveandphysicalintimacy.FathersPushLimits；MothersEncourageSecurity.Gotoanyplaygroundandlistentotheparents.Whoisencouragingtheirkidstoswingorclimbjustalittlehigher，ridejustalittlefaster，throwjustalittleharder？Whoisyelling，“Slowdown，notsohigh，notsohard”？Ofcourse，fathersencouragechildrentotakechancesandpushlimitsandmothersprotectchildrenandaremorecautious.Joinedtogether，theykeepeachotherinbalanceandhelpchildrenremainsafewhileexpandingtheirexperiencesandconfidence.MothersandFathersmunicatedifferently.Amajorstudyfoundthatwhenspeakingtochildren，mothersandfathersaredifferent.Motherswillsimplifytheirwordsandspeakonthechild'slevel.Menarenotasinclinedtomodify(修改)theirlanguageforthechildsimply.Childrenwhodonothavethechancetomeetbothwillnotlearnhowtounderstandandusebothstylesofconversationastheygrow.Theseboysandgirlswillbeatadisadvantagebecausetheywillexperiencethesedifferentwaysofmunicatinginrelationshipwithteachers，bossesandothers.MothersandFathersDisciplineDifferentlyEducationalpsychologistCarolGilligantellsusthatfathersstressjustice，fairnessandduty，whilemothersstresssympathy，careandhelp.Again，eitheroftheseparentingstylesbythemselvesisnotgood，buttogether，theycreateahealthy，properbalance.56FromParagraph1，welearnthat.A.mothersandfathersbringmuchoftheimportantvaluetotheirchildrenB.thefactthatmothersandfathersaredifferentisconsiderableandthoughtfulC.parentsandsame-sexcaregiversallwanttoprovidegoodthingstotheirchildrenD.cooperatingtogetherandplementingeachotherinparents'differencesareveryvaluable57.Themainpurposeofwritingthepassageis.A.toreportthedifferentrolesmothersandfathersplayinchild-developmentB.tointroduceafamouseducationalpsychologisttoreadersC.toexplainthenaturalstateofmothersandfathersD.toshowchildren'sagreementonparents'differences58.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？A.Childrenneedmoms'softnessaswellasdads'roughness.B.Fatherstendtowardsencouragingriskwhilemotherstendtowardssecurity.C.Fathers'talktendstobebrieferwhilemothers'tendstobemorechildish.D.Eitheroftheseparentingstylesbyitselfcanbehealthytochildren.59.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.HowChildrenRecognizeTheirFathersandMothersB.WhyChildrenNeedFather-loveandMother-loveC.WhatChildrenNeedduringTheirStudyD.WhenChildrenShouldBeTaught【答案】56.D57.A58.D59.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。父親強調公正、公平和責任，而母親強調同情、關懷和幫助，這兩種教育風格本身是不好的，但是結合在一起，他們創(chuàng)造一個健康，適當?shù)钠胶??！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Andbycooperatingtogetherandplementingeachotherintheirdifferences，theyprovidethesegoodthingsthatsame-sexcaregiverscannotprovide.可知，從第一段,我們了解到父母差異上的一起合作和互補是非常寶貴的。故選D。【57題詳解】目的意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段中MothersandFathersDisciplineDifferentlyEducationalpsychologistCarolGilligantellsusthatfathersstressjustice，fairnessandduty，whilemothersstresssympathy，careandhelp.可知，寫此文的主要目的是報告母親和父親在孩子-發(fā)展上所扮演的不同角色。故選A?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中eitheroftheseparentingstylesbythemselvesisnotgood，buttogether，theycreateahealthy，properbalance.（這兩種教育風格本身是不好的,但是在一起,他們創(chuàng)造一個健康,適當?shù)钠胶?。）可知，D項Eitheroftheseparentingstylesbyitselfcanbehealthytochildren.（這兩種育兒方式本身對孩子都是健康的。）故選D。【59題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段MothersandFathersDisciplineDifferentlyEducationalpsychologistCarolGilligantellsusthatfathersstressjustice，fairnessandduty，whilemothersstresssympathy，careandhelp.Again，eitheroftheseparentingstylesbythemselvesisnotgood，buttogether，theycreateahealthy，properbalance.MothersandFathersDisciplineDifferentlyEducationalpsychologistCarolGilligan告訴我們,父親強調公正、公平和責任,而母親強調同情、關懷和幫助。另外，這兩種教育風格本身是不好的,但是在一起，他們創(chuàng)造一個健康，適當?shù)钠胶狻？芍疚闹黝}是B.WhyChildrenNeedFather-loveandMother-love【點睛】推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等標志性詞語。本題第3小題，根據(jù)最后一段中eitheroftheseparentingstylesbythemselvesisnotgood，buttogether，theycreateahealthy，properbalance.（這兩種教育風格本身是不好的,但是在一起,他們創(chuàng)造一個健康,適當?shù)钠胶?。）可知，D項Eitheroftheseparentingstylesbyitselfcanbehealthytochildren.（這兩種育兒方式本身對孩子都是健康的。）故選D。BManypeoplehavelowironintheirblood.Butpregnantwomenneedextraironfortheirownhealthandtheirbaby'shealth.Ironisimportanttothedevelopmentofababy'sbrainandcentralnervoussystem.Inpoorcountries,however,providingallpregnantwomenwithironsupplementscanbeafinancialissue.Someexpertssaygivingsupplementstobabiesaftertheyarebornisenough.SomeonewhodisagreesisPaulChristian,anutritionistattheJohnsHopkinsSchoolofPublicHealthinMaryland.SheandotherscientistshavebeendoingresearchinNepal.Shesaystheirlatestfindingsshouldsettleanyquestionaboutthevalueofmakingsureeverypregnantwomanreceivesironsupplements.Ironisamicronutrient.Micronutrientsareimportantsubstancesthatarefoundinsmallamountsinfoods.TheresearchersfirstpletedastudyamongpoorwomeninNepaltenyearsago.Duringpregnancysomeofthewomenreceivedsupplementscontainingironandfolicacid.ProfessorChristiansaysthatstudyshowedthesupplementscouldimprovechildsurvival.Nowthechildrenareolder.TheresearchersreturnedtoNepalandtestedtheirneurological(神經的)development.Theyfoundimprovedintellectualandfinemotorabilitiesamongthosewhosemothershadreceivedironandfolicacidduringpregnancyandforthreemonthsafter.ThefindingsappearintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.Anothernewstudy,publishedinthejournalPediatrics,looksatlevelsofvitaminDinbabies.Itsaysnewbornswiththelowestlevelsweretwiceaslikelytodeveloprespiratoryinfections(呼吸道感染)asthosewithnormallevelsofvitaminD.VitaminDhelpsbuildstrongbonesandstrengthensthebody'sdefensesagainstdisease.Thevitaminismonlyaddedtocow'smilkandalsofoundinsupplements.ButvitaminDiscalledthesunshinevitamin.Thebodynaturallyproducesitfromsunlight.CarlosCamargofromHarvardMedicalSchoolinMassachusettsandotherresearchersdidthestudy.ItfollowedmorethanninehundredchildreninNewZealanduntiltheywerefiveyearsold.60.Thepassageisintendedtotellusthat_________.A.ironisasimportantasVitaminDtopeople’shealthB.pregnantwomenneedmuchmoreironandVitaminDC.inpoorcountriesbabiesarelackingironandVitaminDD.ironandVitaminDmayleadtosmarter,healthierchildren61.Whenexpectingababy,awomandoesn’tnecessarilyreceivesomeextra_________.A.iron B.folicacid C.vitaminD D.supplements62.Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat__________.A.providingallpregnantwomenwithextraironmaybedifficultforallcountriesB.plentyofmicronutrientscanbefoundinfoodsthatyoueatinyourdailylifeC.it’smorepossibleforbabieslackingvitaminDtosufferfromrespiratoryinfectionsD.allthevitaminsthatyouneedtokeephealthycanbereceivedfromthesunlight63.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph5referto_________.A.amicronutrient B.afood C.ametal D.amedicine【答案】60.D61.C62.C63.A【解析】【分析】本文想要告訴我們：鐵和維生素D可能會使孩子更聰明、更健康?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Ironisimportanttothedevelopmentofababy'sbrainandcentralnervoussystem．可知鐵對一個嬰兒的大腦和中樞神經系統(tǒng)發(fā)育很重要；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段VitaminDhelpsbuildstrongbonesandstrengthensthebody'sdefensesagainstdisease．可知維生素D有助于強健骨骼，增強人體、抵御疾??；再根據(jù)全文內容可知，本文想要告訴我們：鐵和維生素D可能會使孩子更聰明、更健康。故選D?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第五段Duringpregnancysomeofthewomenreceivedsupplementscontainingironandanothermicronutrient，folicacid．可知婦女在懷孕期間收到的一些補充劑含有鐵和其他微量營養(yǎng)素：葉酸。由此推知，當一個女人懷孕了，不一定會收到一些額外的維生素D。故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Itsaysnewbornswiththelowestlevelsweretwiceaslikelytodeveloprespiratoryinfections（呼吸道感染）asthosewithnormallevelsofvitaminD．可知含維生素最低的新生兒患呼吸道感染的幾率是那些維生素D水平正常的兩倍．由此可知，缺少維生素D的嬰兒更有可能患呼吸系統(tǒng)感染。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段Duringpregnancysomeofthewomenreceivedsupplementscontainingironandanothermicronutrient，folicacid．可知婦女在懷孕期間收到的一些補充劑含有鐵和其他微量營養(yǎng)素：葉酸。由此可知，folicacid是一種微量營養(yǎng)素。故選A?！军c睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，務必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。本題第1小題，根據(jù)第一段Ironisimportanttothedevelopmentofababy'sbrainandcentralnervoussystem．可知鐵對一個嬰兒的大腦和中樞神經系統(tǒng)發(fā)育很重要；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段VitaminDhelpsbuildstrongbonesandstrengthensthebody'sdefensesagainstdisease．可知維生素D有助于強健骨骼，增強人體、抵御疾??；再根據(jù)全文內容可知，本文想要告訴我們：鐵和維生素D可能會使孩子更聰明、更健康。故選D。CAmericancitiesaresimilartoothercitiesaroundtheworld.Ineverycountry,citiesreflectthevaluesoftheculture.Americancitiesarechanging,justasAmericansocietyischanging.AfterWorldWarII,thepopulationofmostlargeAmericancitiesdecreased;however,thepopulationinmanySunBeltcitiesincreased.LosAngelesandHoustonarecitieswherepopulationshifts(轉移)toandfromthecityreflectthechangingvaluesofAmericansociety.Inthelate1940sandearly1950s,cityresidents(居民)becamewealthier.Theyhadmorechildrensotheyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitytobuytheirownhomes.Theyboughthousesinthesuburbs(郊區(qū))。Nowthingsarechanging.Thechildrenofthepeoplewholeftthecitiesinthe1950sarenowadults.Many,unliketheirparents,wanttoliveinthecities.TheycontinuetomovetoSunBeltcitiesandolderonesoftheNortheastandMidwest.Manyyoungprofessionalsaremovingbackintothecity.Theypreferthecitytothesuburbsbecausetheirjobsarethere;ortheyjustenjoytheexcitementandpossibilitiesthatthecityoffers.Thispopulationshiftisbringingproblemsaswellasbenefits.Countlesspoorpeoplemustleavetheirapartmentsinthecitybecausetheownerswanttosellthebuildingsormakeapartmentsforsaleinsteadofforrent.Inthe1950s,manypoorpeopledidnothaveenoughmoneytomovetothesuburbs;nowmanyofthesesamepeopledonothaveenoughmoneytostayinthecities.Onlyafewyearsago,peoplethoughtthattheolderAmericancitiesweredying.Somecityresidentsnowseeabright,newfuture.Othersseeonlyproblemsandconflicts.Onethingissure:manydyingcitiesarealiveagain.64.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcitiesallovertheworld?A.Theyarealive. B.Theyarehopeless.C.Theyaresimilar. D.Theyaredifferent.65.WhydidAmericancityresidentswanttoliveinthesuburbsafterWorldWarII?A.BecauseolderAmericancitiesweredying.B.Becausetheywerericherandneededmorespace.C.Becausecitiescontainedtheworstpartsofsociety.D.Becausetheycouldhardlyaffordtoliveinthecity.66.Accordingtothe4thparagraph,agreatmanypoorpeopleinAmericancities________.A.arefacedwithhousingproblems B.areforcedtomovetothesuburbsC.wanttoselltheirbuildings D.needmoremoneyfordailyexpenses67.Wecanconcludefromthetextthat________.A.AmericancitiesarechangingfortheworseB.peoplehavedifferentviewsonAmericancitiesC.manypeoplearenowmovingfromAmericancitiesD.thepopulationisdecreasinginolderAmericancities【答案】64.C65.B66.A67.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國城市的變化，尤其是二戰(zhàn)后的變化?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段首句Americancitiesaresimilartoothercitiesaroundtheworld.可知，世界上的城市都是相似的。故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Inthelate1940sandearly1950s,cityresidents（居民）becamewealthier.Theyhadmorechildrensotheyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitytobuytheirownhomes.可知，城市居民變得富有，有了更多的孩子，需要更多的空間，因此它們在郊區(qū)買了自己的房子。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Countlesspoorpeoplemustleavetheirapartmentsinthecitybecausetheownerswanttosellthebuildingsormakeapartmentsforsaleinsteadofforrent.Inthe1950s,manypoorpeopledidnothaveenoughmoneytomovetothesuburbs.可知，城市貧民因為房東要出售房子，他們無房可住，許多人沒有足夠的錢搬到郊區(qū)，由此可推斷出他們面臨著無房可住的困境。故選A。【67題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Onlyafewyearsago,peoplethoughtthattheolderAmericancitiesweredying.Somecityresidentsnowseeabright,newfuture.Othersseeonlyproblemsandconflicts.可知，僅僅幾年前人們認為美國的老城市正在消亡。一些城市居民現(xiàn)在看到了光明的未來。其他人只看到問題和沖突。由此可推斷出，人們對待美國的城市持有不同的觀點。故選B。【點睛】易錯分析：第4小題考生易誤選為A，因為最后一段的第一句提到美國的老城市正在消亡，結合上文一些年輕人又搬回了城市，和下文一些城市居民現(xiàn)在看到了光明的未來。其他人只看到問題和沖突。由此可推斷出，人們對待美國的城市持有不同的觀點。故選B。DWhatdoyougetwhenyoumixsixlittlepigs,fourmonkeysandthedeadlyEbolavirus?Badnews,accordingtoarecentexperimentbyCanadianresearchers.TheexperimentisthefirsttosuggestthattheEbolaviruscanspreadthroughtheair.Thestudy,publishedinNovember,detailedhowthevirusapparentlymovedfrompigstomonkeyswithouttheiringintophysicalcontact.Previously,researchersthoughtanimalshadtotouchtopassalongthevirus,whichhasbeenblamedforthedeathsofmorethan1,500people.Intheexperiment,researchersinfectedsixpigletswithEbola.Theteamthenplacedtheinfectedpigletsinaroomwithseveralmonkeys.Abarrierseparatedthemonkeysfromthepigs,sothetwospeciescouldnottouch.Andyet,afteraboutaweek,twomonkeysbecamesick,infectedwiththevirus.Afewdayslater,theothertwomonkeysalsofellsickwithEbola.TheEbolavirusisnamedforariverintheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongoinAfrica,closetowherethegermwasdiscovered.Theviruscauseshighfeversanddeadlybleedingdisordersinprimates,includingpeopleandmonkeys.Itisoftendeadly.However,scientistspreviouslybelievedthatthevirusspreadonlythroughdirectcontactwiththebloodorotherbodyfluidsofaninfectedpersonoranimal.Otherviruses,includingtheonesthatcausechickenpoxandthemoncold,areknowntospreadthroughtheair.ThoughEbolatooappearedtospreadthroughtheairinthelaboratoryexperiment,researchershaven’tdocumentedanycasesofairborneinfectionundernormalconditions.SincethediscoveryofEbolain1976,ithasinfectedmorethan2,200people.Ofthattotal,only13peoplefellillapparentlywithoutingintodirectcontactwithaninfectedanimalorperson.IfEbolaspreadseasilythroughtheair,scientistsanddoctorswouldexpecttoseemoresuchcases.68.What