2023年河南省豫北名校高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷及答案解析

2023年河南省豫北名校高考英語(yǔ)三模試卷

A

NeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprograms

tohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependonthe

program.

Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetools

availabletohelppeopleunder30buildskillsjindajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.

JobsforYouth

Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合條件）

forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.

Whoiseligible：Youth15—18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社區(qū)）.

SummerCompany

SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto

$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.

Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15—29,returningtoschoolinthefall.

StewardshipYouthRangerProgram

YoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresource

managementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.

Whoiseligible：Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember

31thisyear.

SummerEmploymentOpportunities（機(jī)會(huì)）

ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearina

varietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicServicejtsrelatedagenciesand

communitygroups.

Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24or

upto29forpersonswithadisability.

1.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?

A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.

B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.

C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.

D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.

2.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?

A.15—18.B.15—24.C.15—29.D.16—17.

3.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?

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A.JobsforYouth.

B.SummerCompany.

C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.

D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.

B

Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstill

payingforalandline（座機(jī)）?

Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn't

ownamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practically

everyonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.

Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter

（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey（調(diào)查）.OfthoseAustralians

whostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatifsnotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingit

asasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitin

caseofemergencies.!thinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.

MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageis

naturallyafactor（因素）—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,

comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50

years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor；I'dsayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.

GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohavea

homephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobe

honesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothe

pointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone（using

CallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.

Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlamps

andmorningmilkdeliveries?

4.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?

A.Theirtargetusers.B.Theirwidepopularity.

C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?

A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.

6.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?

A.Theylikesmartphonegames.

B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers'identity.

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C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.

D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.

7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?

A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.

B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.

C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.

D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.

c

Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,

furprobablydidn'tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion（時(shí)裝）enthusiastsare

tryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria（海貍鼠）.

UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeinto

clothesindifferentstyles,"Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstand

thatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear",saysCreeMcCree,projectdirector

ofRighteousFur.

ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.Someof

thefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.

NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild."The

ecosystemdowntherecan'thandlethisnon-nativespecies（物種）.Ifsdestroyingthe

environment.Ifsthemorus."saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.

Thefurtradekeptnutriacheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthe

late1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.

BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit'snoteasy

toconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringin

morethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton'sjobthesedaysistryingto

promotefur.

Thenthere'sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashion.Morgansays,"Togivepeopleaguilt-free

optionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-lthinkthat'sgoingtobe

amassivething,atleasthereinNewYork,"DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookhera

whiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorally

acceptable.Shetryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitis

eco-friendly.

8.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?

A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.

C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.

9.Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?

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A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.

B.Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.

C.Nutriahurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.

D.Nutriaareillegallyhunted.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"collapsed"inparagraph5probablymean?

A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.RemainedstableD.Crashed.

11.WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?

A.It'sformal.B.Ifsrisky.

C.It'sharmful.D.It'straditional.

D

Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightof

somethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（裝置）

wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets-as

theseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesame

things.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesat

theRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeach

productthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthe

device.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly

1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration—Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,and

box-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,

smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedup

in2007.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones."The

living-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,

youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,"saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberof

electronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renotjustkeeping

theseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,old

desktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergy

consumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduring

the1992to2007window.

Sowhafsthesolution（解決方案）？Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,butthe

researchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnew

electronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTV

viewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVs

anddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.

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12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.

C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.

13.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?

A.Toreducethecostofminerals.

B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.

C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.

D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

14.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?

A.Thebox-setTV.

B.Thetablet.

C.TheLCDTV.

D.Thedesktopcomputer.

15.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?

A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.

C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain

（保持）long-distancefriendships.

,Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（聯(lián)系）and

sharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.Q6}.

?Moreisn'talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwants

tobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth,￡17}.Therearealternativesto

constantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.

?Practiseempathy（共情）

（18）.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemands

placedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetic

tothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.

?09）

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Although

technologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayon

specialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends'birthdaysandother

importantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.

?Don'trelyontechnologyalone

（20）,butlong-distancefriendships-evencloseones-mayrequiremoreconsciouseffortto

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sustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-face

timetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.Compensatebywritingletters

C.ltisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.ltiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there's

somethinghighlyexcitingabout(21)someoneelse'sglanceandmakingoneselfunableto

beseen.

However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably1221athiding.Theyoftencover

onlytheireyeswiththeirhandsjeavingtherestoftheirbodies(23).

Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas(24)asevidencethatchildrenare

hopelessly"egocentric"(自我中心的)creatures.Butour(25)researchresultsinchild

developmentalpsychology1261thatidea.

Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatU5C.Each(27)sat

downwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor(28).Wethenaskedthechildifshe

could(29)orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn7t.Thesame(30)

happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth：(31)childrensaidthattheycouldn,t(32)

toher.

Anumberof(33)ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.The

resultswereclear：Ouryoungsubjects134}thequestionsandknew(35)whatwasaskedof

them.Their(36)tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue(37)that"Icanseeyouonlyifyoucansee

me,too.”Theysimplv(38)mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our1391suggestwhena

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child"hides"byputtingablanketoverherheadjtisnotaresultofegocentrism.In

fact,childrenconsiderthismethod(40)whenothersuseit.

21.A.followingB.takingC.escapingD.directing

22.A.cleverB.badC.scaredD.quick

23.A.exposedB.examinedC.untouchedD.imbalanced

24.A.supportedB.guaranteedC.imaginedD.interpreted

25.A.disappointingB.mixedC.surprisingD.desired

26.A.explainedB.confirmedC.contradictedD.tested

27.A.parentB.childC.researcherD.doctor

28.A.feetB.noseC.handsD.ears

29.A.seeB.helpC.reachD.fool

30.A.eventB.thingC.actionD.accident

31.A.YetB.NowC.SoonD.Once

32.A.speakB.listenC.turnD.wave

33.A.instructionsB.descriptionsC.experimentsD.assumptions

34.A.comprehendedB.predictedC.exploredD.ignored

35.A.partlyB.honestlyC.vaguelyD.exactly

36.A.responsesB.approachesC.contributionD.sensitivity

37.A.abilityB.beliefC.identityD.purpose

38.A.holdbackB.relatetoC.insistonD.makeup

39.A.limitationsB.requirementsC.theoriesD.findings

40.A.tentativeB.impressiveC.creativeD.effective

41.ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthas

Newfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence(1)theyrangeall

thewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.ltisdifficulttofigureout

aglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen(2)(poor)

studied；however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbears

worldwide.

Modernmethods(3)trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonly

sincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive(4)(perform)consistentlyoveralarge

area.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut(5)(report)increasesinbear

sightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa(6)(believe)thatpopulations

areincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby(7)(note)thathungrybearsmaybe

congregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))that

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populationsare(8)(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of(9)nineteen

recognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six(10)(be)

stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)

誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(小)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

Weallknowthatcyclingisagreatlyexercise.Adoctortellsmepeoplewholivesthelongest

aredancersandcyclists.Maybeitisbecausethecombinationoffreshair,smooth

movementandexercise.Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon'tusepetrol.Sotheyarenot

producingcarbondioxideandnotcauseairpollution.Justseehowcarshavebeentakenover

ourcities.Theyoftenrunathighspeeds,whatmayputourlivesindanger.Andtherewere

trafficjams,too.Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.

43.你校將舉辦英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你以Besmartonlinelearners為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：

1.分析優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足；

2.提出學(xué)習(xí)建議。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右;

2.題目和首句已為你寫好。

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答案和解析

1?3.【答案】B、D、D

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SummerCompany部分SummerCompanyprovidesstudents

withhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirown

summerbusinesses.SummerCompany為學(xué)生提供實(shí)踐性的商業(yè)培訓(xùn)和高達(dá)3000美元的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，以啟

動(dòng)和經(jīng)營(yíng)他們自己的暑期業(yè)務(wù)?？芍?，SummerCompany為開(kāi)辦新的業(yè)務(wù)提供獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，故選B。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StewardshipYouthRangerProgram部分Whoiseligible：Students

aged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.符合條件的學(xué)生

是16或17歲的學(xué)生，但在今年12月31日之前未滿18歲。可知，該項(xiàng)目要求年齡在16-17歲之間，

故選D。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SummerEmploymentOpportunities部分Somepositionsrequire

studentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.有些職位要求學(xué)生的年齡在15至

24歲之間，對(duì)于殘疾人士，要求達(dá)到29歲。可知，SummerEmploymentOpportunities有些職位是

給殘疾人的，故選D。

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要講述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了許多項(xiàng)目來(lái)幫助學(xué)生暑期在找到工作,

本文介紹了其中一些項(xiàng)目。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4?7.【答案】B、A、C、B

【解析】（1）B,段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheir

pocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.事實(shí)上，彳艮多年幼

的孩子口袋里都有。幾乎每個(gè)人都可以隨時(shí)隨地?fù)艽蚝徒勇?tīng)電話?？芍?，第二段主要講述了在澳大利亞手

機(jī)是非常普及的，它們廣受歡迎，故選B。

（2）A.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞的上文"OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline（在那些

仍然有固定電話的澳大利亞人中）"可知，這個(gè)調(diào)查的目標(biāo)人群是仍然有固定電話的澳大利亞人；根據(jù)下文

"it'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaythey

neveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies（固定電話并不是必須的，

他們將其作為一種安全保障---19%的人表示他們從未使用過(guò)固定電話，另有13%的人保留固定電話以防緊

急情況）"可知，很多人認(rèn)為固定電話并不是必須擁有的，有些人保留固定電話只是為了防止緊急情況。從

而推知，在調(diào)查中，他們應(yīng)該是承認(rèn)了固定電話的非必要性。由此推知，劃線單詞"concede"意為"承認(rèn)"。

結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Admit承認(rèn)；B.Argue爭(zhēng)論；C.Remember記住；D.Remark評(píng)論。故選A。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）-only58percentof

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GenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomers

who'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years,年齡自然是一個(gè)因素--只有58%的丫一代

仍然時(shí)不時(shí)地使用固定電話。相比之下，嬰兒潮一代中有84%的人可能已經(jīng)有50年用的是相同的家庭號(hào)

碼了?？芍瑡雰撼币淮肆?xí)慣了使用固定的座機(jī)來(lái)進(jìn)行聯(lián)系，故選C。

（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntilthey

gothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?你和你的座機(jī)有多親密？離煤氣路燈

和早上送牛奶還有多久？可知，曾經(jīng)我們都使用煤氣路燈以及早上送牛奶，而現(xiàn)在這種情況基本已經(jīng)不見(jiàn)

了，言外之意就是現(xiàn)在座機(jī)的使用必將被淘汰，遠(yuǎn)離我們的生活，故選B。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文閱讀，文章主要講述了手機(jī)流行的時(shí)代，一半的澳大利亞人仍然使用座機(jī)，后文就該現(xiàn)

象和原因進(jìn)行了分析。

考查社會(huì)文化類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

8?1L【答案】A、A、D、B

【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhave

showcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles."Itsoundscrazytotalkabout

guilt-freefur-unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandsevery

year,"saysCree

McCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.（美國(guó)新奧爾良和布魯克林舉辦了不同尋常

的時(shí)裝秀，時(shí)裝秀上展出海貍鼠皮制成的不同風(fēng)格的衣服，項(xiàng)目總監(jiān)CreeMcCree說(shuō)："除非了解海貍

鼠正每年破壞大片濕地，否則談?wù)摕o(wú)罪感皮衣是很瘋狂的事情"。）可以判斷出由于海貍鼠對(duì)生態(tài)造成了巨

大的破壞，這場(chǎng)海貍鼠皮衣時(shí)裝秀銷售的是無(wú)罪惡感皮衣。故選A。

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedto

payhunters$5atail.（科學(xué)家們?nèi)绱藫?dān)心以至于他們決定按照一條海貍鼠

尾巴付給獵人們5美元。）可以推斷出科學(xué)家們擔(dān)憂海貍鼠們嚴(yán)重破壞生態(tài)平衡。故選A。

（3）D.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,

butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sized

animalsmultipliedlikecrazy.（毛皮貿(mào)易使海貍鼠受到了幾十年的控制，但是當(dāng)海貍鼠市場(chǎng)

在20世紀(jì)80年代末崩潰時(shí)，這種貓大小的動(dòng)物數(shù)量瘋長(zhǎng)。）根據(jù)but判斷，這是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，以前由于皮

毛交易，海貍鼠處于控制，現(xiàn)在這種海貍鼠之所以能夠數(shù)量激增，是由于市場(chǎng)不再銷售海貍鼠皮毛導(dǎo)致的,

可以推斷出劃線詞collapsed是和D.crashed倒閉的意思最相近。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Boomed繁榮B.Became

mature成熟；C.Remainedstable保持穩(wěn)定；D.Crashed破產(chǎn)，倒閉。故選D。

（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段ModelPaigeMorgansays,"Togivepeoplea

guilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem-l

thinkthat'sgoingtobeamassivething,atleastin

NewYork."（為了給人們一種無(wú)罪的選擇，人們可以穿皮衣而不被人們潑油漆，我認(rèn)為在紐約

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將是一件巨大的事情，根據(jù)模特摩根所說(shuō)。）可知，在紐約穿皮質(zhì)衣服是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。故選B。

本文是一篇健康環(huán)保類說(shuō)明文。介紹了美國(guó)新奧爾良和布魯克林舉辦了不同尋常的時(shí)裝秀。展出海貍鼠制

成的皮衣。海貍鼠們每年都在破壞大片的濕地，因此設(shè)計(jì)師稱這是一種環(huán)保的舉措，科學(xué)家們也對(duì)海貍鼠

損壞生態(tài)平衡表示了擔(dān)憂。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒(méi)有標(biāo)題，所

以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；其次細(xì)讀題材，

各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問(wèn)題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問(wèn)題，再回到原文

中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性，對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，

要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

12?15.【答案】A、D、B、A

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。講述的是持續(xù)使用舊的電子產(chǎn)品既不環(huán)保也不經(jīng)濟(jì)，研究人員

測(cè)試出如果棄置舊電器，換用新的多功能電子產(chǎn)品，將有近一半的節(jié)能節(jié)省，所以使用新的電子產(chǎn)品有利

于環(huán)境。

1,根據(jù)第一段That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdated

devicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.（這對(duì)環(huán)境

和我們的錢包來(lái)說(shuō)都是壞消息，因?yàn)檫@些過(guò)時(shí)的設(shè)備比做同樣事情的新設(shè)備消耗更多的能量。）可知，作

者認(rèn)為新的電子產(chǎn)品是環(huán)保的。故選A。

2.根據(jù)第二段Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing...fromwhenitsminerals

areminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.（為了弄清楚這些設(shè)備使用了多少電能，紐約羅切斯特

理工學(xué)院的卡莉?巴比特和她的同事追蹤了每種產(chǎn)品在其整個(gè)生命周期內(nèi)的環(huán)境成本一一從礦物開(kāi)采到我們

停止使用該設(shè)備。）可知，巴比特的團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究了解設(shè)備的耗電量。故選D。

3,根據(jù)第四段Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadof

TVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在平板電腦上觀

看更多的點(diǎn)播娛樂(lè)節(jié)目，而不是在電視和臺(tái)式電腦上觀看，可以減少44%的能耗。）可知，平板電腦最省

電。故選B?

4.作者在首段認(rèn)為持續(xù)使用舊的電子產(chǎn)品既不環(huán)保也不經(jīng)濟(jì)，中間段落在測(cè)試各代電子產(chǎn)品進(jìn)一步證明首

段的觀點(diǎn)。最后一段談到解決方案，研究人員測(cè)試出如果棄置舊電器，換用新的多功能電子產(chǎn)品，將有近

一半的節(jié)能節(jié)省。由此可知，作者支持使用新產(chǎn)品替代舊產(chǎn)品。故選A。

16?20,【答案】D、B、G、A、F

【解析】（1）D,推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbea

challenge.（平日繁忙，很難抽出時(shí)間打電話。）可知此處講的是雙方都很忙碌，沒(méi)有時(shí)間給對(duì)方打電話,

所以D項(xiàng)"Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit盡量找個(gè)雙方都有空的時(shí)間

去打電話，并堅(jiān)持下去"符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthow

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frequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.（確

保你已經(jīng)與你的朋友溝通過(guò)，了解你們彼此希望聯(lián)系的次數(shù)，以及哪種溝通方式最適合你們兩人。）以及

下文“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoice

messagesorhavingagroupchat."（除了不斷的文字交流，還有其他方式，比如發(fā)語(yǔ)音或者組建群

聊。）可知此處說(shuō)的是要與異地朋友商量溝通方式，所以B項(xiàng)"Compensatebywritingletters可以通

過(guò)寫信補(bǔ)償”提出了其中一種溝通方式。故選B。

（3）G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文

Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplaced

onthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictoth

efactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.（留下來(lái)的朋友需要對(duì)已經(jīng)搬走的朋友所需要的額外時(shí)

間保持敏感。在新環(huán)境中的朋友應(yīng)該同情你的朋友可能感到被拋棄的事實(shí)。）可知此處說(shuō)的是朋友中的兩

方，所以G項(xiàng)"You