2021新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)17必修4Workingtheland

課時作業(yè)17WorkingthelandⅠ.閱讀理解AIstartedteachingfreshmen(大一新生)arequiredhumanities(人文學(xué)科)courseatStevensInstituteofTechnologyadecadeago.ThecourseincludedShakespeare,Descartes,Kant,Marx,Nietzsche,WilliamJames,Freud,Mead—youknow,Westerncivilization'sgreatestminds.Iloveteachingthecourse,butIdon'tassumestudentslovetakingit.SoonthefirstdayIasked,“Howmanyofyouwouldskipthiscourseifitweren'trequired？”AfterIexplainedtothemthattheywouldn'thurtmyfeelings,almostallraisedtheirhands.TheysaidtheycametoStevensforengineeringputerscience,math,physics,finance,digitalmusicproduction,etc.Theydidn'tseethepointofreadingalltheseoldimpracticalthingsthathavenothingtodowiththeirfutureprofessions.WhenIaskedthemtoguesswhyStevensarrangedthesecourses,someonesaid,smirking(假笑),“Tomakeuswell-rounded.”Hearingtheresponse,Ireallyhavetodosomethingtomake_my_pitch_for_the_course.Weliveinaworldincreasinglyruledbyscience.Andthat'sfine.Butitisexactlybecausescienceissopowerfulthatweneedthehumanitiesnowmorethanever.Inyourscience,mathematicsandengineeringclasses,you'regivenfacts,answers,knowledgeandtruth.Yourprofessorssay,“Thisishowthingswork.”Theygiveyoucertainty.Thehumanities,atleastthewayIteachthem,giveyouuncertainty,doubtandskepticism.Thehumanitiesaresubversive(顛覆性的).Theyweakenthestatementsofallauthorities,whetherpolitical,religiousorscientific.Thisskepticismisespeciallyimportantwhenitestostatementsabouthumanity,aboutwhatweare,wherewecamefrom,andevenwhatwecanbeandshouldbe.IfIdomyjobbytheendofthiscourse,you'llquestionallauthorities,includingme.You'llquestionwhatyou'vebeentoldaboutthenatureofreality,aboutthepurposeoflife,aboutwhatitmeanstobeagoodperson.That,forme,isthepointofthehumanities:theykeepusfrombeingtrappedbyourowndesireforcertainty.本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在文章中論述了為什么學(xué)生要學(xué)習(xí)人文學(xué)科。1．Whydidtheauthoraskstudentsthequestioninhisfirstclass?A．Towinstudents'admiration.B．Toformagoodrelationshipwithstudents.C．Tocheckstudents'attitudetowardshiscourse.D．Toencouragestudentstobeactiveinhisclass.答案：C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Iloveteachingthecourse,butIdon'tassumestudentslovetakingit.可知，作者是為了確定學(xué)生們是否喜歡學(xué)習(xí)人文學(xué)科。2．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4mean?A．Persuadehisstudentstoattachimportancetohumanities.B．Reflectonhisexperienceoflearninghumanities.C．Assesshisabilityofteachinghumanities.D．Designhisteachingplancarefully.答案：A解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的Weliveinaworldincreasinglyruledbyscience...weneedthehumanitiesnowmorethanever.可猜測，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)人文學(xué)科很重要，故畫線部分含義是說服他的學(xué)生們重視人文學(xué)科。3．Whatmaystudentslearntodoaftertakingthehumanitiescourse?A．Expresstheirdesiresclearly.B．Giveuptheirpreviousideas.C．Sticktoscientificfindingsfirmly.D．Getoutofsetpatternsofthought.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的．..you'llquestionallauthorities,includingme...theykeepusfrombeingtrappedbyourowndesireforcertainty.可知，通過作者的人文學(xué)科課程，學(xué)生們可能會擺脫自己對確定性的渴望，學(xué)會質(zhì)疑，走出自己固定的、習(xí)慣性的思維模式。BSoon,Netflix,theworld'slargestonlinestreamingservice,maybelettingviewerschooseeverything,fromthebeston-screenlovestoriestothesafestpathtoescapeakiller.Thepanywantstotryoutmoreinteractive(互動的)entertainment,followinggreatfeedback(反饋)fromitsrecentgroundbreakingepisode(集)ofBlackMirror.TheepisodewascalledBandersnatch.Itletusersmakedecisionsatmanyimportant—andnot-so-important—moments,andthosedecisionsbeganwithchoosingacharacter'smorningfoods.Thepanyislookingforwaystoincludechoicesindifferentkindsofmovies,fromedy,horrortoromance.Theideawastogiveviewersasimplechoiceatfirst,sotheycouldbeefamiliarwiththetechnology.Aviewerusesaremotecontrolorpushesonthescreentomaketheirchoice.Iftheviewerdoesnotchoose,themoviejustkeepsplaying.ThebreakfastscenebecameanInternetsensationwhenBandersnatchcameoutlastDecember,causinggreatsurpriseandexcitementamongpeople.Afterthefooddecision,viewersselectedchoicessuchasthekindofmusicacharacterwouldplayorwhetherthecharacterwouldjumpoffabuilding.BandersnatchgaveNetflixprogrammersvaluableinformation.Theywereabletobetterunderstandhowlongpeoplewanttoparticipateininteractiveprogramming,andhowmanychoicestheymightwanttomake.Whenviewerscanchangewhathappensinastory,theyfeeldeeplyclosetothecharacter.Thetechnologyisstillintheearlypartofdevelopment.Aresearchersaidhedoesnotpredictthatinteractiveentertainmentwillreplacetraditionalstorytelling.“Idon'tknowifIwoulddoiteveryday，”hesaid,“butaspartofmyview,it'sprettyexciting.”Netflixhasalreadyproducedafewinteractiveshowsforchildren.“Youngpeoplehaveseemedtoquicklyliketheidea.Kidsdon'thavefixedrules，”hesaid.“Theyassumethat'sthewaytheworldshouldbeandthey'lltryit.”本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一家媒體服務(wù)公司將嘗試更多的可以讓觀眾參與其中的互動娛樂節(jié)目。4．WithNetflix'stechnology,viewerscan________.A．maketheirowndecisionsonsomevideomomentsB．interactwiththecharactersinsomefamousmoviesC．offerimportantsuggestionstoimprovevideomakingD．enjoythebeston-screenlovestoriesinthrillermovies答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Itletusersmakedecisionsatmanyimportant—andnot-so-important—moments，可知，視頻觀看者可以對視頻中的片段做出自己的選擇。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sensation”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Debate. B．Base.C．Service. D．Hit.答案：D解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段畫線詞后面的．..causinggreatsurpriseandexcitementamongpeople可知，Bandersnatch上映之后，成為了網(wǎng)上的熱點。6．Whatcanweinferfromtheresearcher'swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Interactiveentertainmentwilldevelopveryfast.B．Childrenaremorelikelytoaccepttheproducts.C．Thetraditionalstorytellingwillbereplacedsoon.D．Thereshouldberulestocontrolviewers'behavior.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Kidsdon'thavefixedrules...Theyassumethat'sthewaytheworldshouldbeandthey'lltryit.可知，孩子們會更容易去接受這種互動節(jié)目。7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．PlayaRoleinInteractiveEntertainmentB．CreateaMovieOnlineinYourOwnWayC．TelltheActorsWhattoDoinYourFutureMoviesD．ChooseYourFavoriteWaytoInteractwithMovieStars答案：C解析：主旨大意題。綜合全文內(nèi)容可知，Netflix讓觀眾在視頻片段自己決定一些內(nèi)容，體驗更多的互動娛樂節(jié)目，所以在將來的電影中，你可以讓演員干什么。Ⅱ.七選五Curiosityseemstobewithinusrightfrombirth.__1__Thisismostevidentinstudentswhohavejustgraduatedfromcollege.Belowarefoureffectivewaystokeeplearningafteryoupleteyourcollegeeducation.Learnaforeignlanguage.Youhavealwayswishedtolearnanotherlanguage,butsomethingwasalwaysholdingyouback.Thepletionofcollegestudiesopenstherightdoorwayforlearningthelanguageyou'vealwaysdesired.Learningasecondlanguagehassocial,economic,andmentalbenefits.__2__Buildyourvocabulary.Accordingtorecentresearch,peoplewhohavesuperiorvocabularieshavesuperiorIQs.Therefore,whynotbuildupyourvocabulary?__3__Themorewordsyouhaveonyourside,themoreideasyoucanexpresswithease.Vocabularybuildingisnoteasyinthebeginning,butifyoukeeppracticing,yourwordbankwillcertainlybeeenlargedwithtime.Takeonlinecourses.There'replentyofwonderfulcoursesonline.__4__Everwonderedwhat'sgoingoninthemindofthepersonsittingnexttoyouonthebus?Takeapsychologycrashcourse.Alwayswantedtoimproveyourpublicspeaking?Getacourseforyourselfonline.Onlinecoursesprovideyouwithamorefortablelearningenvironmentandflexibilityinplanningyourstudytime.__5__Entrepreneurship(企業(yè)家能力)isalifeskill.Whencollegeisover,youcanhavealotoftimetosetupafirmaroundanideathatyou'vealwaysthoughtwouldwork.Beinganentrepreneurhelpsyoulearnalotofthings,liketeammanagement,timemanagement,publicspeaking,andsoon.A．Startabusiness.B．Takeacontinuingeducationclass.C．Infact,wordsaretherepresentationofopinions.D．Learningdoesn'thavetobeallaboutgettingagrade.E．Besides,ithelpstoimprovememoryandmakeourmindsstayquick.F．Andwhat'sevenbetteristhatmostofthemwon'tchargeyouanything.G．However,aswegrowolder,thisnaturaltendencytolearnnewthingsstartstofadeaway.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了大學(xué)畢業(yè)后繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的幾種方式。1．G解析：該空設(shè)于段中，與上文內(nèi)容構(gòu)成語義上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明隨著我們慢慢長大，我們逐漸失去了學(xué)習(xí)新鮮事物的欲望。2．E解析：該空設(shè)于段尾，與上一句內(nèi)容之間存在遞進關(guān)系，說明再學(xué)習(xí)一種語言可以增強記憶并使我們的大腦保持敏銳。3．C解析：該空設(shè)于段中，承接下文內(nèi)容，說明詞匯是思想的表達方式，有了大的詞匯量，我們的思想表達也會更加容易。4．F解析：該空設(shè)于段中，與上一句內(nèi)容之間存在指代關(guān)系，說明網(wǎng)上的很多課程甚至是免費的。這里的them指代上一句提到的wonderfulcoursesonline。5．A解析：該空設(shè)于段首，是一個主題句。本段主要講自己創(chuàng)業(yè)，并提高企業(yè)家能力的原因。Ⅲ.語法填空Astronomershavetakenthefirsteverphotographofablackhole.Itliesinafar,distantgalaxycalledM87,__1__is500milliontrillionkmfromtheEarth.Thatbignumberisafive__2__(follow)bytwentyzeroes.Scientiststhinktheblackholemayhaveadiameter(直徑)of40billionkmandbethreemilliontimeslarger__3__ourplanet.LeadastronomerProfessorHeinoFalckewasinterviewedbyBBC,__4__(say),“Themassoftheblackholeis6.5billiontimes__5__oftheSun.Anditisoneofthe__6__(heavy)blackholesthatwe'vediscoveredsofar.Itis__7__(absolute)amonster—theheavyweightchampionofblackholesintheuniverse.”Theimage(圖像)oftheblackholewastakenbyasetofeighttelescopescalledtheEventHorizonTelescope(EHT).Nosingletelescope__8__(exist)thatispowerfulenoughtogetitsimage.Ateamof200scientistspointedthenetworkedtelesco