職稱英語等級考試

第第頁職稱英語等級考試

1.TheriseofEnglishisaremarkabletaleasProfessorDavidCrystalremindsusinhisattractive，shortbook“EnglishhasaGloballanguage.”

2.Itiscertainlyquiteatheme.WhenJuliusCaesarlandedinBritainmorethan2，000yearsago，Englishdidnote*ist.Fivehundredyearslater，English，virtuallyincomprehensibletomodernears，wasprobablyspokenbyaboutasfewpeopleascurrentlyspeakCherokee，thelanguageofasmallNorthAmericanIndiantribe-andwithlittleinfluence.About1，000yearslater，attheendofthe16thcentury，andaftertheNormanConquest，theReformationandthearrivalofcommercialprintingtechnology，Englishwasthenativespeechofbetween5millionand7millionpeople.Andyetnowlookatit.Asthesecondmillenniumapproaches，Englishismorewidelyscattered，morewidelyspokenandwrittenthananyotherlanguagehasneverbeen.Inthetitleofthebook，ithasbecomeatrulygloballanguage.AccordingtoDavidCrystal，about2.09billionpeople，welloverone-thirdoftheworldspopulationareroutinelye*posedtoit.

3.Asherightlypointsout，whatisimpressiveaboutthisstaggeringfigureis：“notsomuchthegrandtotalbutthespeedwithwhiche*pansionhastakenplacesincethe1950s.In1950，thecaseforEnglishasaworldlanguagewouldhavebeennomorethanplausible.Fiftyyearsonandthecaseisvirtuallywon.”

4.Sowhathappened？

5.Someoneoncesaidthatalanguageisadialectwithanarmyandanavy.Inotherwords，whentheBritishnavysetouttoconquertheworld，issetoutan“army”ofEnglishspeakers.AstheBritishempirespreadthroughouttheworld，Englishbecamethebasisoflaw，commerceandeducation.TheBritishempirewassucceedbyanother〔theAmerican〕，whichsharedvirtuallythesamelinguisticheritage.AmericanEnglish，whichhasbecometherocket-fueloftheEnglishlanguage，hasmagicallyfounditswayintoareasundreamedof40，letalone400yearsago.

6ThemostvaluablepartofCrystalsstudyisthesectiondevotedtoaspeedyanalysisoftheculturalbasisofthisglobalreach，notablytheinfluenceofbroadcasting，press，advertising，popularmusicandfilm.Heisalsoup-to-dateandinformativeinhisidentificationoftheWorld-Wide-WebasapowerfulreinforcerofAmericanculturalandlinguisticdominance.

7.OneofhismostinterestingpassagesconcernstheroleplayedbytheLeagueofNations，andlatertheUntiedNations，inspreadingEnglishasaninternationallanguageintheaftermathofthetwoworldwars.

8.Whatdoesthefuturehold？Tothisquestion，CrystalproposestherecognitionofanewformofEnglish-WSSE〔worldstandardSpokenEnglish〕-whichalmostbydefinitionrulesoutthepossibilitythatEnglishwouldfragmentintomutuallyunintelligiblelanguageasLatinoncedid.“English，insomeshapeorform，willfinditselfintheserviceoftheworldcommunityforever，”Crystalwrites.

1.Paragraph2____

2.Paragraph3____

3.Paragraph5____

4.Paragraph6____

AThefigureofEnglish

BThespeedofthespreadofEnglish

CTheroleplayedbycultureandthenet

DTheroleplayedbymilitarye*pansion

ETheroleplayedbyeducation

FThe2，000yearsofEnglish

5.ThekindofEnglishspoken1，500yearsagowassodifferentfromtheEnglishwespeaktoday____.

6.WhatimpressespeoplemostisnottheinterestingnumberofspeakersofEnglishfoundallovertheworld，____thelanguagehasspreadinthepasthalfcenturyorso.

7.Thetwointernationalorganizationsfoundedafterthetwoworldwarsmadetheircontributions____.

8.Crystale*pressesthebeliefthatinthefuture____willnothappentoEnglish.

Abecauseoftheirsimilarity

Bthatwewouldnotbeableto