高考英語強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

高考英語復(fù)習(xí)專題強(qiáng)調(diào)句型在高考試卷中強(qiáng)調(diào)句已經(jīng)成為高考熱點(diǎn)。命題者加大了對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜程度和知識(shí)面的考查，同時(shí)注重考查知識(shí)之間的交叉和語法知識(shí)的力度。這就要求我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)和備考中注意總結(jié)，全面把握，深入研究。強(qiáng)調(diào)句主要有以下四大考點(diǎn)：〔1〕考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的根本結(jié)構(gòu)〔2〕考查含有“not…until…”句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式〔3〕考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的疑問句〔4〕考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的正確判斷Itis(was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that(who)+句子其他局部。此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分僅限于主語、賓語、表語和狀語。一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)局部必須是對(duì)that/who之后句子的某一成分表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，如果把“Itis(was)...that”去掉，該句應(yīng)該意思完整，不缺任何句子成分.

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷把“It,be，that”去掉，如果剩余局部句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整〔被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部要復(fù)原到原位置〕，那么這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句；如果句子不完整，那么不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如：〔1〕①Itishewho/thatoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.②Itisonthehillsidethatweplanttreeseveryyear.③Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthatthefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.(Shanghai2003,spring)分析：去掉Itis/was...that/who句子后結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整，句意仍明確，都是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。

④Itwas9o'clockwhenwecameback．我們回來時(shí)是九點(diǎn)鐘。⑤Itwas3hourssincewehadcomeback．我們回來已三個(gè)小時(shí)了。分析：在上面例句中假設(shè)去掉Itwas...when/before/since等后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整，所以不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。2〕①Itwasatthetheatre_________Lincolnwasmurdered.

Itwasthetheatre_________Lincolnwasmurdered.

A.which B.that C.where D.theone

CB②Itwasourteacher________didtheexperimentinthelablastnight.A.whomB.thatC.whichD.where③Itwastenyearsago________MissGaoreturnedtoChina.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as④Itwas________hesaid______disappointedme.(Shanghai'99)A.what;that B.that;thatC.what;what D.that;what⑤Itwasforthisreason________herunclemovedoutofNewYorkandsettleddowninasmallvillage.(Shanghai2001,spring)A.whichB.whyC.thatD.howBAACIsit_____whowantstoseeyou?

A.himB.heC.hisD.himself

Itwas_____whorespectedalltheirteachers.

A.themB.theirC.theyD.themselves

C---WhatisMary?

---Wasit____thatyouwerereferredto?

A.heB.sheC.herD.they

CB強(qiáng)調(diào)局部如果是人稱代詞，應(yīng)根據(jù)句子需要選擇它的主格或賓格形式It_____MikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.

A.wasB.areC.wereD.hadbeen

AIt_____atChristmasthatJohnSmithgaveMaryahandbag.

A.musthaveB.willbeC.mighthavebeenD.mayhavehad

C

注意謂語動(dòng)詞形式與整個(gè)句子語境的一致性

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)合Itmaybe+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that......Itmusthavebeen+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that....Coulditbe+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that....ItmighthavebeenJohn_____boughtanewbookforMaryyesterday.A.whatB.sinceC.thatD.thenItmaybenextweek_____sheleavesforTokyo.CC被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語要和that后面的謂語動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上保持一致?！?〕ItisMarywhooften_____(help)mewithmyEnglish.〔2〕ItisIthat____(be)againstyou.〔3〕ItistheboystudentsofClassTwowho___(be)playingfootballontheplayground.〔4〕ItisMr.Green,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,that____inChinanow. Aare Bis Cwas DwerehelpsamareB強(qiáng)調(diào)局部為疑問詞時(shí)：_____electricityplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife?

A.Whywasitthat

B.WhyisitthatC.Whyisit

D.Whyitisthat

BWhowasit_____wantedtoseemejustnow?

A.thatB.whoC.whenD.when

A_____youmettheforeignerfromCanada?

A.WhereitwasthatB.Whoitwasthat

C.WherewasitthatD.Wherewasthat

C強(qiáng)調(diào)局部為疑問代詞或疑問副詞時(shí)，該強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問句句型相同，即：“疑問詞+一般疑問句”

Eg:Wheredidyouseehercellphoneyesterday?Wherewasitthatyousawhercellphoneyesterday?〔強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問詞where〕

特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that+句子的其他局部〔陳述語序〕。Howwillyougotovisithertomorrow?Howisitthatyouwillgotovisithertomorrow?〔強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問詞how〕(22)Ireallydon’tknow_____Ihadmymoneystolen.AwhereisitthatBwhenitisthatCwhereitwasthatDitwaswherethatC_______isit_______hasmadePeter_______heistoday?A.What;that;thatB.That;that;whatC.What;what;thatD.What;that;what[簡(jiǎn)析]：此題結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，乍看難以理清，請(qǐng)看下面兩句：ItisdeterminationthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday.對(duì)劃線局部提問→WhatisitthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday?

結(jié)合特殊疑問詞構(gòu)成特殊疑問句形式。依此為據(jù)擴(kuò)展開來可為：(背過〕1．Howisitthatsheturneddownourhelp?什么原因使得…？2．WherewasitthatyoumetTomyesterday?究竟在哪…？3．Whenwasitthatyoumethiminthepark?究竟何時(shí)…？4．WhenandwherewasitthatyougottoknowMary?究竟在何時(shí)何地…？5．Whowasitthatthatcameupwiththebrightidea?究竟是誰…？6．Whichbookisitthatyouwanttobuy?究竟是哪一本書…？7．Whoseumbrellawasitthatyoutookaway?到底是誰的傘…？強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和〔not〕……until句型的結(jié)合。句式特征為:Itis/wasuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that+延續(xù)動(dòng)詞Itis/wasnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that+短暫動(dòng)詞如：用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對(duì)Ididn’tleaveuntilitgotdark.中的劃線局部進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，那么變成：ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknewtheresult.[簡(jiǎn)析]：注意此種情況下否認(rèn)詞not要從原題的主句上轉(zhuǎn)移到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的從句上，這也是否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移的一種形式。Itwasuntillastyearthathe________________________.A.leftschoolforanewstartB.cametorealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishC.workedasanEnglishteacheratamiddleschoolD.setouttobuildanewhouseofhisown[簡(jiǎn)析]：此題不含否認(rèn)詞not，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞work為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，答案C。

Itwasnotuntillateintheevening_____herhusbandarrivedhome.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how

CItwasnotuntil1920_____regularradiobroadcastsbegan.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.since

C

Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses_____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then

B注意"not...until"句型的變化。比較以下三個(gè)句子：

Shedidn't

rememberherappointmentwiththedoctoruntil

shehadarrivedhome.

Itwas

notuntil

shehadarrivedhomethatsherememberedherappointmentwiththedoctor.

Notuntilshehadarrivedhomedidsherememberherappointmentwiththedoctor.

強(qiáng)調(diào)局部為介詞短語：

ItwasthroughJack_____MarygottoknowBob.

A.whoB.whomC.howD.that

DItwasonOctober1st1949_____newChinawasfounded.

A.whichB.whenC.asD.that

DWasitinthispalace_____thelastemperordied?

A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which

AItwastheschoolgate______Imetanoldfriendofmineafterclass.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why

C強(qiáng)調(diào)局部為介詞短語時(shí)，表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與定語從句的區(qū)別強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有名詞性從句I‘vealreadyforgotten_____youputthedictionary.A.thatitwasthereB.wherewasitthatC.thatwhereitwasD.whereitwasthatD強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有同位語從句Itwasattheverybeginning_____Mr.Foxmadethedecision_____weshouldsendmorefirefightersthere.A.when,whichB.where,whatC.then,soD.that,thatD強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有定語從句Itwasinthesmallhouse______wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather_____hespenthischildhood.A.which,thatB.that,whereC.which,whichD.that,whichACoulditbeintherestaurantin____youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday____youlostyourhandbag?

A.that;which

B.which;that

C.where;that

D.that;whereItwasplayingcomputergamesthatcosttheboyplentyoftimethatheoughttohavespentdoinghislessons.[簡(jiǎn)析]：劃線局部作定語從句修飾先行詞time。此題中有兩個(gè)that，最大的誤會(huì)就是把二者弄混，第一個(gè)that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的；第二個(gè)that是關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的。因其作spent的賓語，可以省去。Is_____threehours______theboy_______familyispoortocometoschoolonfoot?A.it;that;whoseB.it;thatittakes;whoseC.itfor;thatittakes;whoseD.it;when;that;[簡(jiǎn)析]：此題結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，是定語從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般問句形式和句式Ittakessbsometimetodosth.的糅合。我們也分幾步來看這個(gè)句子：第一步：根本句式Ittakestheboythreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第二步：以theboy為先行詞，后面附上定語從句，那么變?yōu)椋篒ttakestheboywhosefamilyispoorthreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第三步：用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對(duì)上句中的劃線局部進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，那么變?yōu)椋篒tisthreehoursthatittakestheboywhosefamilyispoortocometoschoolonfoot.第四步：將上句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧浼词窃擃}，經(jīng)比照可知答案應(yīng)為B。強(qiáng)調(diào)句中含有狀語從句Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcome.Itwassinceshecameherethatshebegantocry.Itiswhenhefoundamousethatherealizeditwasadirtyroom.

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的形近句型。

(1)It+be+adj./n./過去分詞+that從句句型。該句型中的It是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語從句。如：Itisimportantthathe(should)learnEnglishwell.ItisafactthathecanspeakbothEnglishandJapanese.Itissuggestedthatheleavehisofficerightnow.(2)“Itbe+時(shí)間段+since……”句型。如果since和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，那么意為“某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暫動(dòng)詞連用，那么為“某人做某事已有多久了”。如：Itistwomonthssincehefellill.他病了兩個(gè)月了。Itistwomonthssincehewasill.他病好已經(jīng)兩個(gè)月了?！?〕Itbe+時(shí)間段+before……句型表示“……多久后某事發(fā)生”。Itwasalongtimebeforetheymetagain.很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后他們才見面。Itwasnotlongbeforehecameback.時(shí)間過不久他們就回來了。〔4〕“Itbe…when……”句型表示“某事發(fā)生時(shí)正是……時(shí)候”Itwas1949whenthePRCwasfounded.試比較強(qiáng)調(diào)句型句：Itwasin1949thatthePRCwasfounded.(去掉it，was，that后仍是一個(gè)完整的句子)

用that.beofre,since,when完成以下各句1.Itwasthreehoursago____________helefthere.2.Itwasthreeo'clock_____________helefthere.3.Itisthreehours______helefthere.4.Itwillbethreehours________heleaveshere5.Itwasn'tlong_________helefthere.thatwhensincebeforebefore強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略形式句式特征為:在一定的上下文中，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的某個(gè)局部可以省略。作題時(shí)要特別注意將其復(fù)原并加以比較。1.——Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?——_________thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare[簡(jiǎn)析]：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型在具體的語境中省略，其完整形式應(yīng)是：Itisthechildrenwhoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.。答案為A。2．——Hewasnearlydrownedonce.——Whenwas_______?——____wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.(NMET2002北京春季，30)A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;This[簡(jiǎn)析]：在第三句話中whenhewasinmiddleschool.為定語從句，修飾1998，其后省去了thathewasnearlydrownedonce.此題如把關(guān)系副詞when也挖空，那么很容易誤選that。答案為A在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中考察主謂一致與比較結(jié)構(gòu)。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，有時(shí)也考察用ratherthan，not…but…等連接的平行比照結(jié)構(gòu)，此時(shí)既要注重比較結(jié)構(gòu)，又要注意主謂一致，屬于較復(fù)雜的句式。句式特征為：Itis/wasnot…but…that…;不是…而是…〔that后的動(dòng)詞與but后的名詞或代詞保持一致〕Itis/was…not…that…;或者：Itis/was…that…not…;是…而不是…〔that后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與not前的名詞或代詞保持一致〕Itis/was…ratherthan…that…;是…而不是…(that后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與ratherthan前的名詞或代詞保持一致)1．Itisnothelpbutobstaclesthatmakeaman.[簡(jiǎn)析]：本句譯為“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力”。注意obstacles和make形成主謂一致關(guān)系。2．PersonallyIthinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirls,______toblame.A.isB.thatisC.areD.whoare[簡(jiǎn)析]：此句被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部中的thesalesmanager，通過ratherthan與thesalesgirls形成比較結(jié)構(gòu)，再考慮到主謂一致的原那么，應(yīng)選B。3．(NMET2000,24)Itistheabilitytodothejob_____mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it[簡(jiǎn)析]：此題答案選B。在此題中被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部theabilitytodothejob與notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare形成比較結(jié)構(gòu)，theabilitytodothejob與matters形成主謂一致關(guān)系。當(dāng)然此題還可說成：Itistheabilitytodothejobnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouarethatmatters.但這樣就顯得句子重心不穩(wěn)，結(jié)構(gòu)不合理。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的“讓步含義”。句式特征為：含有“讓步含義”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型在翻譯成漢語時(shí)要注意“反譯”。1．Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild.再英明的父親也不會(huì)理解他自己的子女?！采勘葋喢浴?．Itisawisemanthatnevermakesmistakes.再聰明的人也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反意疑問句形式句式特征為：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that…，isn’t/wasn’tit？11．ItwasAliceandherboyfriendwhosenttheoldmantothehospital,______?A.dotheyB.didn’ttheyC.wasn’titD.wasit[簡(jiǎn)析]：答案C.此種情況下疑問句中的主語應(yīng)與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主語it保持一致，不能和被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部中的名詞或代詞保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否認(rèn)”的原那么。考點(diǎn)詮釋

考點(diǎn)1、強(qiáng)調(diào)局部從短語向句子過渡。Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay________matters.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this在例子中強(qiáng)調(diào)了主語從句whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay難點(diǎn)還在于每個(gè)句子都包含著兩個(gè)分句，并且由ratherthan引出答案：A復(fù)原為：Whatyoudomatters,notwhatyousaymatters考點(diǎn)2、強(qiáng)調(diào)句從肯定句向否認(rèn)句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句過渡。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的否認(rèn)句形式為：Itis/wasnot+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that/who...強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句形式為：Is/Wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that/who...?強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句形式為：疑問詞+is/wasit+that/who...?〔1〕.Wasitin1969________theAmericanastronautsucceeded________landingonthemoon?A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;in答案：D〔2).—________thathemanagedtogettheinformation?—Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit答案：C考點(diǎn)3、從考查單一的強(qiáng)調(diào)句到把強(qiáng)調(diào)句置于從句中，增加判斷句子的難度。

Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature________hechosethecourse.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how例：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型卻出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，考生須熟練掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)才能分辨出強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來。答案：A

考點(diǎn)4、干擾因素增多，增加了與其它相似句型的辨析,尤其是it開頭的句子?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句與非強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)分1.設(shè)置陷阱，使考生將強(qiáng)調(diào)句誤判為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如： ItmighthavebeenJohn______boughtapresentforMaryyesterday.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which【解析】答案選A，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，由于句中動(dòng)詞be采用了mighthavebeen這一復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，所以許多同學(xué)們可能會(huì)看不出它是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。2.設(shè)置陷阱，使考生將非強(qiáng)調(diào)句誤判為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如： Itwasevening_______wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.that B.until C.since D.before【解析】答案選D。有的考生一看到句首的itwas，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的that，就以為這是考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。其實(shí)錯(cuò)了。此題是考查連詞before的用法。因?yàn)槿サ鬒twas…that這一結(jié)構(gòu)后，原句不能成為一個(gè)完整的句子，所以這不是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。句意是：我們還沒有到達(dá)Winchester這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，天就夜了。高考題回放1.Itistheabilitytodothejob__matters,notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it2.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently_Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so3.Itwasabout600yearsago__thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when4.Itwasbecauseofbadweather___thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.(2003)A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that課堂練習(xí)1.___in1943___theharmfulsmogmadeitsappearanceinLosAngeles.

A.Only/that

B.Itwas/then

C.Thatitwas/when

D.Itwas/that

2.ItwasontheNationalDay___shemetwithherseparatedsister.

A.thatB.whenC.whereD.which√√3.WasitduringtheSecondWar__hedied?A.thatB.whileC.inwhichD.then4.Who__helpedyouworkoutthemathproblem?washeB.itwaswhoC.WasitthatD.itwas5.Itisneartheplace___thereisabomb____wefoundthedeadman.A.where/whereB.where/thatC.that/whereD.that/that6.ItwasMikeandPeterwho____thereadingroomthistimeyesterday.A.arecleaningB.werecleaningC.cleanedD.cleans√√7.Itistheroom____wewillhavethemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there8.It___theChinesepeoplethat___hardworking.A.was/wasB.is/areC.is/isD.are/are√√9.Itwasnotuntilshehadarrivedhome___herappointmentwiththedoctor.A.didsherememberB.thatsherememberedC.whensherememberedD.hadsheremembered10.Wherewasit___theroadaccidenthappenedyesterday?whenB.thatC.WhichD.how11.Itwasforthisreason___herunclemovedoutofLondonandsettleddowninasmallvillage.whichB.whyC.thatD.how12.Wasitattheschool___wasnamedHERO___hespenthischildhood.that;thatB.which;thatC.where;thatD.that;whichIt

was____he

said_____disappointedme.what…thatB.that…thatC.What…whatD.that…whatIt_____MaryandMik