英語國家概況New-Zealand課件

Newzealand1122英語國家概況New_ZealandGeographyTheGeographicalFeatures:NewZealandisintheSouthernPacificOcean,halfwaybetweentheequatorandtheSouthPole.It

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locatedwithintheRingofFire,aregionencirclingthePacificOceanwherethemovementoftectonicplates板塊leadstovolcanicandseismic[5saIzmIk]地震activity.(新西蘭是南太平洋，位于赤道和南極。這是位于內(nèi)的火環(huán)，環(huán)繞在構(gòu)造板塊的運(yùn)動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的火山和地震活動(dòng)的太平洋地區(qū))英語國家概況New_ZealandIthastwomainislands:NorthIslandandSouthIsland.MtCook(庫克山):thehighestpeak,3,754metershigh;LakeTaupo(陶波湖):thelargestlake,covering606sqkm;itis40kmlongand27kmwide.Inthesurroundingareaarenumerousgeysersandhotsprings.TheClutha(該克盧撒):thelargestriver,336kmlongintheSouthIsland.英語國家概況New_ZealandLarge,longgroupofislandsfromNorthtoSouthTwomainlandmasses（陸地）:NorthIslandSouthIslandSeparatedbytheCookStrait（庫克海峽）ThirdlargestIslandisStewartIslandSouthofSouthIslandCapital:Wellington(惠靈頓）LargestCity:Auckland（奧克蘭） TheLand英語國家概況New_ZealandNorthIslandVolcanoes(火山）MountainsSouthIslandMountainchainsLakes,rivers,inlets（入口）Cool,rainy,forested英語國家概況New_ZealandClimateTheclimateofNewZealandisgenerallytemperate,butbecausethecountryrunsnorthsouth,theclimateisvaried.英語國家概況New_ZealandNewzealand'sclimateisdominatedbytwomaingeographicalfeatures--theseaandthemountains.SincethesmalllandmassofNewZealandissurroundedbyalargeexpanseofocean,theclimateofNewZealandistemperateoceanic,whichmeansthattheseasonalvariationsinNewZealandaremuchslighterthanincontinentalcountries.英語國家概況New_ZealandMajorcitieswellington（惠靈頓）isthecaptialofnewzealand.locatedatthesoutherntipofthenorthisland,itistheworld'smostsoutherncaptial.intermsofpopulation,itisnewzealand'ssecondlargestcity.Auckland(奧克蘭）,locatedinthenorthernpartofthenorthislandAuckland,locatedinthenorthernpartofthenorthisland,isthelargestcityinnewzealand.ithasabout1.5millioninhabitants,one-thirdofthecountry'sentirepopulation.inthemaorilanguage,aucklandmeans"thecityof100lovers".itearnedthisnamebecauseitwasaplacedesiredbyallandconqueredbymany.英語國家概況New_ZealandHistoryDiscoveryOfNewZealandNewZealandasaColony(作為一個(gè)殖民地)NewZealandasaDominion(新西蘭為自治領(lǐng))NewZealandasaRealm(新西蘭成為王國）英語國家概況New_ZealandDiscoveryThefirstinhabitants（第一批居民）Polynesian（波利尼西亞）people,ancestorsoftheMaoris（毛利人）betweenaround700and2000yearsagocooperate,compete,fightwitheachother——developedtheirdistinctMorioriculture（不同的毛利人文化.）TheDutchexplorer

AbelTasmanThefirstEuropean（阿貝爾塔斯曼）duringhisvoyageof1642-43Withoutsettingfootashore（上岸）crew（船員）killed.英語國家概況New_ZealandNewzealandasaColonyColony(1840~1907)英語國家概況New_ZealandThefirstsignificantvoyage（航行）ofdiscoverywasundertakenbyJamesCook,whobeganextensiveexploratonoftheislandsin1769.ItwasCook（庫克）whoprovedthatNewZealandconsistedoftwoislands.Cook’svoyageeventuallyledtotheeuropeancolonizationofit.AnincreasingnumberofsettlerscametoNewZealandeithertotradeortobuylandforfarming（越來越多的定居者來到新西蘭的任何貿(mào)易或買地耕作）.ThecaptainCook

英語國家概況New_ZealandNewZealandbecameaBritishcolony:signingoftheTreatyofWaitangi（簽署懷唐伊條約）

In1840,BritishrepresentativesoftheBritishCrownandchiefsofthenativeMaorissignedtheTreatyofWaitangi.（1840，土著毛利人和英國代表英國王室的首領(lǐng)簽署條約）英語國家概況New_ZealandContentsofthetreaty:（條約的內(nèi)容）英語國家概況New_ZealandTheimpactofthetreatyonNewZealandnow:（條約在新西蘭現(xiàn)在的影響）英語國家概況New_ZealandNewZealandasaDominion英語國家概況New_ZealandFromacolonytoadominion:

In1907,NewZealandchangedfromaBritishcolonytoaseparatedominion,equalinstatustoAustraliaandCanada.英語國家概況New_ZealandSixstagesofNewZealandasaDominion⑴In1907,fromaBritishcolonytoaseparatedominion(1907年,從英國殖民地獨(dú)立的統(tǒng)治)⑵DuringWorldWarⅠ,NewZealandenthusiasticallybackedBritainandsufferedlargecasualties.(第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間Ⅰ、新西蘭熱情地支持英國,遭受了巨大的人員傷亡)⑶Inthelate1920s,encounteredeconomyproblemsandtookmeasurestosolvethem.(在1920年代末,遇到經(jīng)濟(jì)問題和采取措施解決這些問題。)⑷InworldWarⅡonceagainsufferedextraordinarycasualties.(在世界大戰(zhàn)Ⅱ再次遭受了非同尋常的傷亡。)⑸AfterworldWarⅡ,NewZealandenteredintoaperiodofsustained(持續(xù)的)economygrowth,anditstrengtheneditsrelationship(關(guān)系)withtheUnitedStates.⑹In1947,NewZealandwastotalindependencefromBritain.⑺In1983,theterm“dominion”wasreplacedwith“realm”.英語國家概況New_ZealandNewZealandsignedtheANZUSTreaty（TheAustralia,NewZealand,UnitedStatesSecurityTreaty澳新美公約)withtheUnitedStatesandAustralia.In1951英語國家概況New_ZealandNewZealandasaRealmNuclearPolicyandDavidRussellLange英語國家概況New_ZealandFamousPrimeMinister英語國家概況New_ZealandGovernmentIndependentStateConstitutionalmonarchywithaparliamentarydemocracy(君主立憲制和議會(huì)民主制)Nowrittenconstitution,buttheConstitutionAct(憲法法案)of1986definesthestructureofthegovernment.ThreebranchesofgovernmentLegislative(parliament)(立法(國會(huì)))Executive(departmentsandagencies)(主管(部門和機(jī)構(gòu)))Judicial(courts)HeadofState:QueenElizabethII(女王伊麗莎白二世),representedbyaGovernor-GeneralRoleismainlyceremonial,realpoliticalpowerisheldbythePrimeMinisterwhoisheadofthegovernment(作用主要是禮儀,真正的政治權(quán)力是由總理舉行的政府)英語國家概況New_ZealandTheLegislatureParliament(議會(huì))developedfromtheBritishparliamentarysystem(英國議會(huì)制度稱)knownastheWestminstersystem(威斯敏斯特體系)ofgovernment,andisthelaw-makingbodyoftheNewZealandgovernment.ConsistsofSovereign(君主)andHouseofRepresentatives(眾議院)Theexecutive-ThebranchoftheNewZealandgovernmentismadeoftheCabinet,thePrimeMinisterandthepublicsector.(新西蘭政府的分支是由內(nèi)閣,首相和公共部門)-TheGovernorGeneralisappointedbytheSovereignonthePrimeMinister'srecommendationforatermoffiveyears.(總督任命的主權(quán)在總理的推薦詞的五年)ThejudiciaryTheJudiciaryappliesthelawbyhearinganddecidingcases.ItismadeupofjudgesandjudicialofficersThe

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government英語國家概況New_ZealandPeopleAsmentionedearlier,NewZealandisamulti-ethniccountry,includingthePacificpeople(from)thePacific,Asia,theMiddleEast,LatinAmerica,Europe,andthelocalMaori.NewZealandpeoplewarmandfriendly,mostpeoplepreferoutdooractivities.(如前所述，新西蘭是一個(gè)多種族國家，其中包括太平洋人（來自太平洋地區(qū)），亞洲、中東、拉美、歐洲人、以及當(dāng)?shù)氐拿?。新西蘭人熱情友好，大部分人喜愛戶外運(yùn)動(dòng))英語國家概況New_ZealandMaoriIndigenouspeople14.6%ofthepopulationin2006MostlivenowinurbanareasKinshipandtribalrolestillveryimportant英語國家概況New_ZealandEcologyandEconomyNolandmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)until1,000yearsagoLotsofflightless(不會(huì)飛的)birdsKiwibird(奇異鳥)Livestock(牲畜)importanttoeconomy.SheepAgriculturealsoimportantKiwi-fruitForestry(林業(yè)),Fishing,Geoenergy(地表熱能)Lessthan4millionconsumers,soeconomydependentonexportsServiceprovider,consulting英語國家概況New_ZealandLanguagesBothEnglishandMaoriareofficiallanguagesofNewZealand.Inapril2006NewZealandbecomethefirstcountrytodeclaresignlanguageasanofficiallanguage,alongsideEnglishandMaori.(英語和毛利語是新西蘭的官方語言。在四月2006新西蘭成為第一個(gè)宣布手語作為官方語言的國家，除了英語和毛利。)MaoriisonlyusedinNewZealandandnowhereelseintheworld.despiteitsofficialstatus,thelanguagecontinuestostruggleforlife.ItisonlyrecentlythattheMaorilanguagehasgatheredwidespreadsupport.（毛利僅用于在新西蘭和世界官方地位沒有別的語言，繼續(xù)奮斗的生活。直到最近，毛利人的語言已聚集了廣泛的支持）英語國家概況New_ZealandEducationEducation

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