Unit+1+People+of+Achievement+Using+Language+課文基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義 高二英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

———Para1:單詞:1.perhapsadv.可能；也許；=probably=maybemodernadj.現(xiàn)代的；現(xiàn)代化的；physicsn.物理學(xué)；physicaladj.身體的；物質(zhì)的；物理學(xué)的；modernphysics現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)numerousadj.很多的，許多的generaladj.總體的；普遍的；整體的n.將軍generallyadv.通常地；普遍地generallyspeaking一般來說theoryn.理論relativityn.<物>相對(duì)論；相關(guān)性；相對(duì)性relativeadj.相對(duì)的；n.親戚；relationn.關(guān)系，聯(lián)系；relatev.涉及；聯(lián)系；berelatedto與...有關(guān)聯(lián)formulan.公式，方程式；geniusn.天才；天賦；天才人物；=talenthaveageniusfor有······的才能courageousadj.勇敢的，無畏的couragen.勇氣；encouragev.鼓勵(lì)；促進(jìn)discouragev.阻攔；使灰心discouragingadj.使人氣餒/沮喪的discouragedadj.灰心的，喪氣的；氣餒的figuren.人物；數(shù)字；身材；agreatfigure偉大的人物figureout弄懂；弄明白短語：1.modernphysics現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)isoftenconsideredoneof+the最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)被認(rèn)為是最·····的······之一makenumerouscontributionsto做出眾多貢獻(xiàn)themostwell-known最著名的menwhoeverlived有史以來的人acourageousandkindfigure一個(gè)勇敢而善良的人物thegeneraltheoryofrelativity廣義相對(duì)論Sb.,who...,isoftenconsideredHe/Shemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,themostwellknownbeingthe...Edison,whoisalegendaryfigureinhumanhistory,isoftenconsideredthegreatestinventorinthemodernworld.Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,themostwell-knownbeingtheinventionoftheelectriclight.句子：1)AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius;hewasacourageousandkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.Para2:單詞:1.gentleadj.文靜的；溫柔的gentlyadv.溫柔地；輕輕地；gentlemann.紳士Germanyn.德國(guó)（歐洲國(guó)家）Germanadj.德國(guó)（人）的；德語的n.德國(guó)人；德語enterv.進(jìn)入；參加；開始從事enteruniversity進(jìn)入大學(xué)enterresearch開始從事研究enterthearmy參軍enterpolitics從政entrancen.入口；進(jìn)入資格；entranceexam入學(xué)考試Switzerlandn.瑞士Swissadj.瑞士（人）的n.瑞士人failv.失敗；沒有做，未能做；不及格failuren.失?。皇〉氖?人；沒做到；failtodo未能做failuretodo未能做scoren.得分；分?jǐn)?shù)；v.得分；記分；lowscores低分despiteprep.盡管=inspiteofdespite+名詞/動(dòng)名詞despitethefactthat=although/thoughobtainv.得到；存在=gain/get/receiveexceptionaladj.杰出的，非凡的；例外的exceptionalscores優(yōu)異成績(jī)exceptprep.除了exceptfor除…之外mathsn.數(shù)學(xué)；=mathematicsmanagev.管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)；安排(時(shí)間、金錢等)；設(shè)法做到managern.經(jīng)理；managementn.經(jīng)營(yíng)；管理（方式）；managetodo設(shè)法做成某事短語：1.enteruniversity進(jìn)入大學(xué)entranceexam入學(xué)考試dueto由于；因?yàn)?becauseof=owingtothegeneralpartofentranceexam入學(xué)考試的通識(shí)部分lowscores低分exceptionalscores優(yōu)異成績(jī)managetodo設(shè)法做成某事studyforanotheryear再學(xué)習(xí)一年passtheexam通過考試句子：1）Whenhewas16,hetriedtoenteruniversityinSwitzerland,butfailedduetohislowcoresinthegeneralpartoftheentranceexam,despiteobtainingexceptionalscoresinmathsandphysics.2）Afterstudyingforanotheryear,hemanagedtopasstheexam,enteringuniversityin1896andgraduatingin1900.Para3:單詞:1.clerkn.職員，店員patentn.專利v.獲得專利adj.有專利的；patentofficen.專利局applyforapatenton...申請(qǐng)對(duì)于······的專利patentapplications專利申請(qǐng)whileconj.雖然（位于句首）；當(dāng)······(=when)；與······同時(shí)（表對(duì)比）n.一會(huì)兒after/forawhilepassionn.熱情；熱愛；強(qiáng)烈的情感passionateadj.熱烈的；熱情的haveapassionfor對(duì)······的熱愛withpassion熱情地fullofpassion充滿激情的continuev.持續(xù)；繼續(xù)continuousadj.連續(xù)不斷的；doctoraten.博士學(xué)位abachelor’sdegree學(xué)士學(xué)位amaster’sdegree碩士學(xué)位miraclen.奇跡miracleyear奇跡年publishv.出版，刊登；發(fā)表extraordinaryadj.非同尋常的，非凡的；extraordinaryachievements/contributions非凡的成就/貢獻(xiàn)=remarkable=exceptional=outstanding=excellent=incredible杰出的papern.紙；報(bào)紙；論文；試卷；physicspaper物理論文graduallyadv.逐漸地，逐步地gradualadj.逐漸的quitv.停止；quitdoing停止做某事full-timeadj.全部時(shí)間的；專職的；全日制的full-timeresearch全職研究explanationn.解釋，說明；理由；闡述giveexplanationsfor對(duì)于······給出解釋explainv.解釋；說明…的理由短語：1.lookforworkasa...尋找····工作崗位lookforworkasateacher尋找教師的工作崗位takeajobasa...做一份······工作takeajobasaclerk做一份職員的工作patentofficen.專利局outofastrongpassionforknowledge出于強(qiáng)烈的求知欲outofastrongpassionfor...出于對(duì)于······的熱愛/強(qiáng)烈的欲望outof...出于/因?yàn)椤ぁぁぁ?表達(dá)原因)continuetostudy繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)earnadoctorate(in...)(在······方面)獲得博士學(xué)位earnadoctorateinphysics獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位that/thesameyear同一年berecordedas被稱為=bedeclaredas=beconsideredas=beacknowledgeas=bedescribedasmiracleyear奇跡年physicspaper物理論文followingthis/that在此/那之后becomefamousthroughouttheworldas作為······在世界聞名becomefamousas作為······而聞名throughouttheworldadv.全世界；舉世IsaacNewton艾薩克·牛頓enterresearch開始從事研究enterresearchfull-time開始做全職研究sbisawarded+獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)/獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)isawardedtosbfor某人被授予······Hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysics.=The1921NobelPrizeforPhysicswasawardedtohim.photoelectriceffect光電效應(yīng)句子：1）Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.2）Thatsameyear,whichwaslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers.Para4:單詞:1.circumstancen.條件；環(huán)境；情況；under/inthecircumstances在這種情況下under/innocircumstances絕不，無論如何都不=innoway=bynomeans=innosense（放在句首要部分倒裝）Undernocircumstancesshouldwegiveupourdreams.在任何情況下，我們都不應(yīng)放棄我們的夢(mèng)想。Hitler希特勒J(rèn)ewishadj.猶太人的Jewn.猶太人；守財(cái)奴institutionn.機(jī)構(gòu)；制度；習(xí)俗academicinstitutions學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)instituten.機(jī)構(gòu)；協(xié)會(huì)；研究院aresearchinstitute研究所fleev.迅速離開；逃離(flee,fled,fled)fleefrom從…逃離fleeto...逃到···positionn.位置；職位；v.安放；定位；researchern.研究者；調(diào)查員research=investigation=studyn.研究，調(diào)查conduct/carryoutaresearch/investigation/study開展研究/調(diào)查investigate/research/studyv.研究，調(diào)查mathematics=mathsn.數(shù)學(xué)短語：1.cometopower（開始）掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)；academicinstitutions學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)asaconsequence因此，結(jié)果=asaresulttakeupapositionasa...擔(dān)任一個(gè)······職位takeup拿起；占據(jù)，占用；開始從事；takeupachallenge接受挑戰(zhàn)SinceJacktookupapositionasaneditor,hehastakenupediting(編輯)articles,whichtakesupmostofhissparetime.makegreatachievements(in...)（在······）取得了偉大的成就theInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton普林斯頓高等研究院普林斯頓高等研究院，簡(jiǎn)稱IAS，1930年成立于美國(guó)新澤西州普林斯頓市，是世界著名理論研究機(jī)構(gòu)，但并不是普林斯頓大學(xué)的一部分。它是一個(gè)供各領(lǐng)域頂尖學(xué)者做最純粹的尖端研究而不受任何教學(xué)任務(wù)、科研資金或者贊助商壓力限制的研究機(jī)構(gòu)。20世紀(jì)，愛因斯坦、馮·諾依曼、哥德爾、奧本海默等學(xué)者遷往普林斯頓高等研究院之后，它成為世界著名的學(xué)術(shù)圣地，不少著名學(xué)者在這里研究出了一生中最重要的成果。句子：1）Einstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsofacademicinstitutionsclosedtohim.2）AfterspendingtimeinEurope,hefinallytookupapositionasaresearcherattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton.Para5:單詞:1.slightlyadv.稍微；slightadj.輕微的；oddadj.古怪的；odd-lookingadj.相貌奇特的；外表怪異的；thickadj.濃的，茂密的；厚的；稠密的；moustachen.上唇的胡子electricadj.用電的；electricshock電擊electricaladj.電的；electricityn.電shockn.觸電；震驚；令人震驚的事；v.使震驚likeprep.像；比如；unlikeprep.不像；v.喜歡；dislikev.不喜歡peculiarityn.怪癖；特性；特質(zhì)；peculiaritiesn.古怪；怪癖；peculiaradj.奇怪的；特殊的peculiarlyadv.異常地；尤其地；古怪地；encounterv.遭遇（困難）；偶遇（某人）=runacross=comeacross=runintoencounterproblems/difficulties遇到問題/困難standuptodifficulties直面困難encounterwithsb/sth與······的相遇/邂逅WhenIencounterproblemsinEnglish,myteacherlistenstomepatientlyandexplainsthempatiently,helpingmeovercomethedifficulties.Duringhistravels,hevisitedfamousmountainsandgreatrivers,encounteringdifferentcustomsandpractices.occasionn.機(jī)會(huì)；時(shí)刻；場(chǎng)合；occasionaladj.偶爾的；occasionallyadv.偶爾；偶然pardonv.n.寬恕；原諒；（用于請(qǐng)求別人重復(fù)某事）什么，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍mistaken.錯(cuò)誤；v.搞錯(cuò)；認(rèn)錯(cuò)mistake...for...錯(cuò)把···認(rèn)成···bemistakenfor...被誤認(rèn)為professorn.教授；professionn.職業(yè)；p