2023-2024學(xué)年貴州省高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE2貴州省2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AResearchingbothexperts’andtravelers’opinions,weselectedsomegoodHollywoodtours.BigBusToursLosAngeles—TMZCelebrityTourPrice:$59foradultsand$49forkidsaged3to12.Childrenyoungerthan2arenotpermittedDuration:2hoursTMZoperatesthisbustourtotaketravelersthroughHollywoodinthehopesofseeingtheirfavoritecelebrities.Duringthetwo-hourtrip,TMZguideswilltakeyoutocelebrityhangoutsinWestHollywood,BeverlyHills,theSunsetStripandmore.Theguidesevenbringvideocamerasincaseapassingcelebrity(名人)iswillingtogiveaninterview.TheRealLosAngelesTours—TheRealHollywoodTourPrice:$40foradults;children12andyoungerforfree.Duration:2hoursDuringthishistoricwalkingtour,travelerswilllearnwhyHollywood—onceafarmingtown—wasselectedbymovieindustrypioneersintheearly20thcentury.Thetwo-hourtouralsostopsatuniquesights,suchastheoldesthouseinHollywood.Butmajorattractionsaren’tforgotteneither:YoucanexpecttoseetheCapitolRecordsBuilding,theDolbyTheatreandtheHollywoodWalkofFame,amongothersights.BikesandHikesLA—HollywoodSignHikePrice:$34perperson.Duration:2.5hoursForauniqueandsunshine-filledHollywoodtour,optforthis2.5-hourhiketotheHollywoodsign.HighlightsincludeaviewoftheGriffithObservatory,panoramicviewsfromMountHollywoodandlocalguideswhoalsodoubleasactorsandcomedians.Alongthe4-mileround-triphike,youmightevenseelocalcelebritieswalkingtheirdogs.BikesandHikesLArecommendswearingsunscreen,sunglassesandsneakers,andbringingasmartphoneforallthoseInstagram-worthyviews.HollywoodCityTours—TheOriginalHollywoodTourPrice:Approximately$45foradults;$35forkids11andyoungerDuration:2hoursAccordingtotravelers,thistourisworthwhileifyou’reonlyinLosAngelesforashortamountoftime,asyoucoveralotofgroundinjusttwohours.You’llcruise(慢速行駛)alongRodeoDriveandtheSunsetStripinanopen-topbusasyourdriver(whodoublesasyourguide)sharesinterestingtidbits(趣聞)andhistoricalinformation.1.Whichisthecheapesttourforacouplewithakidaged5?A.BigBusToursLosAngeles—TMZCelebrityTour.B.TheRealLosAngelesTours—TheRealHollywoodTour.C.BikesandHikesLA—HollywoodSignHike.D.HollywoodCityTours—TheOriginalHollywoodTour.2.WhichofthefollowingdoesBikesandHikesLAsuggesttaking?A.Asmartphone. B.Avideocamera.C.Asweater. D.Atelescope.3.Whatcantravelersdoduringanopen-topbustour?A.Comeacrosstheirfavoritecelebrities.B.HaveaviewofGriffithObservatory.C.SeetheCapitolRecordsBuilding.D.Hearsomehistoricalinformation.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了去好萊塢參觀的四條旅游線路。【答案】1.B2.A3.D1．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一條線路可知，一對(duì)夫妻加一個(gè)5歲小孩需花費(fèi)59*2+49=167，第二條線路需40*2+0=80，第三條線路需花費(fèi)34*3=102，第四條線路需花費(fèi)45*2+35=125，因此，選擇第二條路線“TheRealLosAngelesTours—TheRealHollywoodTour(真正的洛杉磯之旅——真正的好萊塢之旅)”最便宜。故選B。2．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BikesandHikesLA—HollywoodSignHike”標(biāo)題下的最后一句“BikesandHikesLArecommendswearingsunscreen,sunglassesandsneakers,andbringingasmartphoneforallthoseInstagram-worthyviews.(洛杉磯的自行車和徒步旅行建議戴防曬霜、太陽(yáng)鏡和運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，并帶上智能手機(jī)觀看所有值得在Instagram上觀看的內(nèi)容。)”可知，如果選取此線路，建議游客帶上智能手機(jī)。故選A。3．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HollywoodCityTours—TheOriginalHollywoodTour”標(biāo)題下的最后一句“You’llcruise(慢速行駛)alongRodeoDriveandtheSunsetStripinanopen-topbusasyourdriver(whodoublesasyourguide)sharesinterestingtidbits(趣聞)andhistoricalinformation.(您將乘坐敞篷巴士沿著羅迪歐大道和日落大道巡游，您的司機(jī)（兼導(dǎo)游）將分享有趣的花絮和歷史信息。)”可知，游客在乘坐敞篷巴士時(shí)，司機(jī)（兼導(dǎo)游）會(huì)向游客介紹趣聞和歷史信息。故選D。BIn1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlow-incomecommunities.Oneday,shesawsomethingthatstoppedherinhertracks.“Iwasataschoolinawealthycommunity,andtheyweregettingridofalmostbrandnewbooksbecausetheydidn’thaveroominthelibrary,”saidConstantino.Sheputthebooksinhercaranddrovethemtoaschoolinanunderservedcommunity.Shockedbythedifferenceshesawinpublicschoollibraries,Constantinobecamedeterminedtobridgethegap.“Schoollibrariesarenotfundedwell,andsometimesnotfundedatall,”saidConstantino.“Ifyou’reachildinanunderservedcommunity,you’releftwithboring,outdated,anduninterestingbooks.”ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.Constantinorecruits(招募)volunteerswhoworkalongsidethecommunitytocreateawarm,vibrant(充滿生機(jī)的)andwelcominglibraryspace.Studentsandtheirfamilies,aswellasschoolstaffandteachers,cometogethertojoinin.“We’reworkingtogether.It’snotagift;it’sapartnership.Itreallybuildsasenseofcommunity,”saidConstantino.Inadditiontobookdonationsandrefurbishing(再裝修)libraries,thegroupoffersauthorvisitswithschoolsandholdsanannualwritersconferenceforkids.Constantinosaid,“Ifweprovidehigh-interestbooksandabeautifullibraryspace,theydocomeandtheydoread.Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.Mygoalisthatkidscanalwayshaveafriendinabookandtheycanalwaysturntoabooktofindcomfortandtolearnsomething.”4.WhydidConstantinodothestudyin1999?A.ToprepareforaPhD.B.Toreducethewasteofbooks.C.Todonatemorebookstopoorcommunities.D.Tofigureoutkids’waysofgainingreadingbooks.5.HowdidConstantinobridgethegap?A.Byobtainingdonatedbooks.B.Byraisingmoneyonthestreet.C.Byfoundingaprofitableorganization.D.Bygettingsupportfromthelocalgovernment.6.WhichcanbestdescribeConstantino’swork?A.Depressing. B.Controversial.C.Successful. D.Temporary.7.Whatimpactdoesthenonprofitorganizationhaveonkidsinpoorcommunities?A.Theythinkthebooksontheshelfdifficulttoread.B.Theycanturntowritersoncampus.C.Theydonatetheirownbookstoschoollibraries.D.Theyaremorewillingtoreadbooks.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，RebeccaConstantino

成立了一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性組織，給貧困地區(qū)學(xué)校的圖書(shū)館捐書(shū)?！敬鸢浮?.D5.A6.C7.D4．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“In1999,RebeccaConstantinobegandoingastudyatschoolsacrossLosAngeles.ShehadjustcompletedaPhDinLanguage,LiteracyandLearning,andshewasanalyzingchildren’saccesstobooksinwealthyandlow-incomecommunities.(1999年，RebeccaConstantino開(kāi)始在洛杉磯各地的學(xué)校進(jìn)行研究。她剛剛完成了語(yǔ)言、識(shí)字和學(xué)習(xí)的博士學(xué)位，她正在分析富裕和低收入社區(qū)的兒童獲得書(shū)籍的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，

Constantino

在1999年做這項(xiàng)研究的原因是為了找到孩子們獲得閱讀書(shū)籍的方法。故選D。5．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“ThewordaboutConstantino’sworkwasspread,andbooksbeganpilingup.Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.(關(guān)于

Constantino

工作的消息傳開(kāi)了，書(shū)籍開(kāi)始堆積起來(lái)。如今，她的非營(yíng)利組織AccessBooks已經(jīng)為加州的公立學(xué)校和社區(qū)圖書(shū)館提供了150多萬(wàn)本書(shū)。)”可知，她的做法是讓別人知道她要彌補(bǔ)這一差距，這樣其他人開(kāi)始捐書(shū)，然后送給公立學(xué)校和社區(qū)圖書(shū)館。故選A。6．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Today,hernonprofitorganization,AccessBooks,hasprovidedmorethan1.5millionbookstopublic-schoolandcommunitylibrariesacrossCalifornia.Thegrouphasalsoredecoratedcloseto350librariesinpublicschoolsandhomelessshelters.(如今，她的非營(yíng)利組織AccessBooks已經(jīng)為加州的公立學(xué)校和社區(qū)圖書(shū)館提供了150多萬(wàn)本書(shū)。)”和最后一段的“Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.

Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我們服務(wù)的學(xué)校里，我們來(lái)了之后，借書(shū)的數(shù)量顯著增加。所以我們知道孩子們對(duì)我們提供的書(shū)很感興趣。)”可知，Constantino的捐書(shū)工作是成功的。故選C。7．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Wefoundthatintheschoolsthatweserve,thenumberofbooksborrowedincreasessignificantlyafterourcoming.Soweknowthatkidsarereallyinterestedinthebooksthatwegive.

(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我們服務(wù)的學(xué)校里，我們來(lái)了之后，借書(shū)的數(shù)量顯著增加。所以我們知道孩子們對(duì)我們提供的書(shū)很感興趣。)”可知，在Constantino服務(wù)的學(xué)校里，借閱圖書(shū)的數(shù)量明顯增加，因此，孩子們更愿意讀書(shū)了。故選D。CFindinglow-costsustainablebuildingmaterialsisimportantfortheenvironmentandinprovidingaccesstoaffordablehousing.Researchershavecreatedacomposite(復(fù)合的)buildingmaterialbyreplacingsandinbuildingmaterialswithacommon,non-degradable(不可降解的)wasteproduct:useddisposablediapers(一次性尿布).DrivenbyadesiretosolveIndonesia’ssignificantpopulationgrowthanddemandforlow-costhousing,researcherslookedforawayofmaintainingthebenefitsofbuildingmaterialsbutmakingitmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandcheapertoproduce.Buildingmaterialsamplescontainingdifferentproportions(比例)ofdisposablediaperwasteweretested.Thentheresearcherscalculatedthemaximumamountofsandthatcouldbereplacedwithdiaperwaste,findingthatupto8%ofthesandcouldbereplacedtosafelyconstructahousewith36squaremeters.10%ofthesandcouldbereplacedinathree-storyhouseand27%inasingle-storyhouse.Intermsofthematerialsusedtocreatepartitionwalls(隔斷墻),theresearcherssaidtheycouldreplaceupto40%ofsand.“Thisresearchhasconcludedthataddinguseddiaperstobuildingmaterialsdoesnotsignificantlyweakenitsstrength,”theteamstated.“Itprovesusingdiaperstocreatecompositematerialsisfeasible,particularlyconcerningthedevelopmentofenvironmentallyfriendlyandcost-effectivematerials.”Indonesiaisrankedsixthgloballyfordisposablediaperusage.Manyuseddiapersarethrownawayinthecountry’sriversandwaterways,causingpollution.In2019,thetotalwasteinIndonesiawas29.21milliontons.Thisfigureroseto32.76milliontonsin2020.However,theresearchersknowthecurrentlimitationsofusingwastediapersasaconstructionmaterial.Foronething,itwouldrequireengagementwithwastetreatmentfacilitiestocollectuseddiapersfromhouseholdsanddealwiththem.Secondly,machinesthatcutuptheuseddiaperswouldbeneededonalargescale.Nonetheless,theresearchhighlightsthepotentialforusingnon-degradablewaste,addressingsustainabilityissuesandprovidinglow-costhousing.8.Whichisanadvantageofreplacingsandwithuseddisposablediapers?A.Loweringcarbonfootprint. B.Speedinguptheconstructionofhousing.C.Increasingtheweightofbuildingmaterials. D.Improvingthequalityofbuildingmaterials.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”inparagraph3referto?A.Enormous. B.Conservative. C.Practical. D.Urgent.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingparagraph4?A.Tointroduceatopic. B.Toattractthereaders.C.Todrawaconclusion. D.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BuildingMaterialsAreinGreatDemandB.Indonesia’sAwarenessofEnvironmentalProtectionC.AFurtherStudyonMaterialsofDisposableDiapersD.WasteDisposableDiapersLaytheFoundationforFutureHomes【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了出于環(huán)?？紤]，研究人員發(fā)明了一種復(fù)合建筑材料——用一種常見(jiàn)的、不可降解的廢物——用過(guò)的一次性紙尿褲——代替建筑材料中的沙子。文章解釋了研究開(kāi)展的經(jīng)過(guò)以及這一方法的可行性?！敬鸢浮?.A9.C10.D11.D8．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DrivenbyadesiretosolveIndonesia’ssignificantpopulationgrowthanddemandforlow-costhousing,researcherslookedforawayofmaintainingthebenefitsofbuildingmaterialsbutmakingitmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandcheapertoproduce.(由于希望解決印度尼西亞人口的顯著增長(zhǎng)和對(duì)低成本住房的需求，研究人員尋找一種既能保持建筑材料的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，又能使其更環(huán)保、生產(chǎn)成本更低的方法)”可知，用用過(guò)的紙尿褲代替沙子更環(huán)保，即其好處是可以降低碳足跡。故選A。9．【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Thisresearchhasconcludedthataddinguseddiaperstobuildingmaterialsdoesnotsignificantlyweakenitsstrength(這項(xiàng)研究得出的結(jié)論是，在建筑材料中添加用過(guò)的尿布不會(huì)顯著削弱其強(qiáng)度)”可知，研究結(jié)論指出在建筑材料中添加用過(guò)的尿布不會(huì)顯著削弱其強(qiáng)度，說(shuō)明用尿布制造復(fù)合材料是實(shí)用和可行的。由此可知，劃線詞意思是“實(shí)用的”。故選C。10．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Indonesiaisrankedsixthgloballyfordisposablediaperusage.Manyuseddiapersarethrownawayinthecountry’sriversandwaterways,causingpollution.In2019,thetotalwasteinIndonesiawas29.21milliontons.Thisfigureroseto32.76milliontonsin2020.(印尼的一次性紙尿褲使用率在全球排名第六。許多用過(guò)的尿布被丟棄在河流和水道中，造成污染。2019年，印度尼西亞的廢物總量為29。2100萬(wàn)噸。這個(gè)數(shù)字上升到32。到2020年將達(dá)到7600萬(wàn)噸)”可推知，作者寫第4段的目的是提供背景信息。故選D。11．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Findinglow-costsustainablebuildingmaterialsisimportantfortheenvironmentandinprovidingaccesstoaffordablehousing.Researchershavecreatedacomposite(復(fù)合的)buildingmaterialbyreplacingsandinbuildingmaterialswithacommon,non-degradable(不可降解的)wasteproduct:useddisposablediapers(一次性尿布).(尋找低成本的可持續(xù)建筑材料對(duì)環(huán)境和提供負(fù)擔(dān)得起的住房非常重要。研究人員發(fā)明了一種復(fù)合建筑材料，用一種常見(jiàn)的、不可降解的廢物——用過(guò)的一次性紙尿褲——代替建筑材料中的沙子)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了出于環(huán)?？紤]，研究人員發(fā)明了一種復(fù)合建筑材料——用一種常見(jiàn)的、不可降解的廢物——用過(guò)的一次性紙尿褲——代替建筑材料中的沙子。文章解釋了研究開(kāi)展的經(jīng)過(guò)以及這一方法的可行性。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“廢棄的一次性尿布為未來(lái)的家庭奠定了基礎(chǔ)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DWhenscientiststalkaboutrecentextinctions,birdsandmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)getmostoftheattention.Butthefirstglobalanalysisofitskindfindsitistwiceasmanyplantsthathavedisappearedasbirds,mammals,andamphibians(兩棲動(dòng)物)combined.Researchersreviewedpublishedresearch,internationaldatabases,andmuseumspecimenssuchasgrassesfromMadagascar,findingthat571plantsspecieshavegoneextinctinthepast250years.Onereasonwhythetotalishigherthanthatofthewell-studiedanimalsisthattherearesimplymorespeciesofplants.Lookingatpercentages,thesituationisworseformammalsandbirds.Anestimated5%ofthosespecieshavegoneextinct,comparedwith0.2%ofplants.ThelossincludestheChilesandalwoodtreeintheSouthPacific,whichwascutdownforitsfragrant(芳香的)wood.ItwaslastseenonRobinsonCrusoeIslandin1908.Theextinctionratesamongplantshavebeenhighestfortreesandshrubsonislands,whichoftenhavespeciesthatoccurnowhereelse,andinregionswithrichdiversity,especiallythetropicsandinMediterraneanclimates.Justafewyearslater,theworldlostthebandedTrinity(Thismiaamericana),aleaflessplantthatgrewentirelyundergroundexceptforitsflowers.Mostspeciesofthiskindofplantgrowinrainforests,butthisplantwasfirstdescribedin1912inasandywetlandinChicago,Illinois,andwaswipedoutbydevelopment.Accordingtotheteam’sreportinNatureEcology&Evolution,thetotalof571extinctplantspeciesisfourtimeshigherthantheofficiallistingkeptbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Evenso,itisprobablystillanunderestimate(低估),aslessisknownaboutthestatusofplantsinAfricaandSouthAmericathanonothercontinents.Manyofthesespeciesmaydisappear,too.Amajorreviewofthestatusofglobalbiodiversityrecentlyestimatedthatmorethanamillionspecies,including14%ofplantandanimaldiversity,arethreatenedwithextinction.12.WhatcausedtheextinctionoftheChilesandalwoodtree?A.Climatechange. B.Themarketdemand.C.Environmentalpollution. D.Thedeclineofthehabitat.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthebandedtrinity?A.Itfloweredwithoutbearingseeds.B.Itdisappearedduringthe19thcentury.C.Itwasafloweringplantwithoutleaves.D.Itwasarareplantgrowingunderground.14.Whatcanweinferabouttheplantspeciesfromthetext?A.Theircurrentsituationismoreworrying.B.Aboutoneplantspeciesdiesouteveryyear.C.Moreplantspecieswillkeepaliveinthereserve.D.Theywouldbereplacedbyothernewspeciessoon.15.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanwefindthetext?A.Sports. B.Nature. C.Entertainment. D.Figures.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究表明消失的植物數(shù)量是鳥(niǎo)類、哺乳動(dòng)物和兩棲動(dòng)物總和的兩倍?！敬鸢浮?2.B13.C14.A15.B12．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThelossincludestheChilesandalwoodtreeintheSouthPacific,whichwascutdownforitsfragrant(芳香的)wood.(損失的包括南太平洋的智利檀香樹(shù)，因?yàn)槠浞枷愕哪静亩豢撤?”可知，智利檀香樹(shù)是因?yàn)槠浞枷愕哪静亩豢撤ァＳ纱丝芍?，市?chǎng)需求導(dǎo)致了智利檀香樹(shù)的滅絕。故選B。13．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Justafewyearslater,theworldlostthebandedTrinity(Thismiaamericana),aleaflessplantthatgrewentirelyundergroundexceptforitsflowers.(僅僅幾年后，世界上就失去了美洲水玉杯，這是一種除了花外完全生長(zhǎng)在地下的無(wú)葉植物)”可推知，美洲水玉杯是一種沒(méi)有葉子的開(kāi)花植物。故選C。14．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Accordingtotheteam’sreportinNatureEcology&Evolution,thetotalof571extinctplantspeciesisfourtimeshigherthantheofficiallistingkeptbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Evenso,itisprobablystillanunderestimate(低估),aslessisknownaboutthestatusofplantsinAfricaandSouthAmericathanonothercontinents.Manyofthesespeciesmaydisappear,too.Amajorreviewofthestatusofglobalbiodiversityrecentlyestimatedthatmorethanamillionspecies,including14%ofplantandanimaldiversity,arethreatenedwithextinction(根據(jù)該團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)表在《自然生態(tài)與進(jìn)化》雜志上的報(bào)告，滅絕的植物物種總數(shù)為571種，是國(guó)際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟官方名錄的四倍。即便如此，這個(gè)數(shù)字可能還是被低估了，因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)非洲和南美洲植物狀況的了解比其他大陸的要少。這些物種中的許多也可能會(huì)消失。最近對(duì)全球生物多樣性狀況的一項(xiàng)重大審查估計(jì)，超過(guò)100萬(wàn)種物種，包括14%的植物和動(dòng)物多樣性，面臨滅絕的威脅)”可知，該團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)非洲和南美洲植物狀況的了解比其他大陸的要少，所以滅絕的植物物種總數(shù)被低估了。由此推知，植物種類的現(xiàn)狀是令人擔(dān)憂的。故選A。15．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenscientiststalkaboutrecentextinctions,birdsandmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)getmostoftheattention.Butthefirstglobalanalysisofitskindfindsitistwiceasmanyplantsthathavedisappearedasbirds,mammals,andamphibians(兩棲動(dòng)物)combined.(當(dāng)科學(xué)家談?wù)撟罱奈锓N滅絕時(shí)，鳥(niǎo)類和哺乳動(dòng)物得到了最多的關(guān)注。但是對(duì)這類植物的首次全球分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，消失的植物數(shù)量是鳥(niǎo)類、哺乳動(dòng)物和兩棲動(dòng)物總和的兩倍)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章和自然相關(guān)。由此推知，我們可以在報(bào)紙的自然版上找到這篇文章。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AccordingtoanarticlepublishedrecentlyinthejournalPediatrics,upto50%ofkidsmaybedescribedaspickyeaters.____16____.Whatcanbedonetosolvepickyeating?Herearesometipsforparentsofpickyeaters.____17____Whenyourchildrenareshownawidevarietyoffoodflavorsandoptionsinashop,itcanopentheireyestonewtastestheymightenjoy.Similarly,ifyoulookthroughrecipebooksorwebsitestogetherandpickanewdishordesserttocreate,ithelpsmakeeatingdifferentfoodsafunadventure.AvoidforcingfoodsForcingkidstoeatfoodtheydon’tlikecanmakethemdoubttheirownbodysignalsofhunger,especiallywhenthey’retoddlers(學(xué)步的兒童).____18____.Instead,allowthemtoeatfoodtheylikeuntilthey’refull,evenifthatmeanssomevegetablesareleftontheplate.Thishelpsthemensurethateatingfooddoesn’tbecomeassociatedwithstressandanxiety.Havemealsasafamily____19____.Tryyourbesttocookthesamemealforthewholefamilyatthetableandincludeatleastonefoodineachmealthatyourpickyeaterenjoys.Thechildmaynoteatallofit,butit’simportantthatyoupresentit,andthatyousetanexampleoftryingthesefoodsyourself.TakefoodrejectioncalmlyTeachingyourchildthatunwantedfoodisstillsafefoodisimportant.____20____.Whenyourpickyeaterseesotherfamilymembersenjoyingit,they’remorelikelytounderstandthatit’ssafetoeat.Inshort,achildmaytryafoodbetween10and20times,onaverage,beforetheylikeit.Thismeanswhataparentcandowithachoosyeateristobeconsistentandnotgiveup.A.ShopandcooktogetherB.HavefunwithdifferentfoodflavorsC.ExpressyouropiniononpickyeatingD.PickyeatingisoneofthemostcommoncomplaintsofparentsE.ItcanalsocauseyourchildtodistrusttheirowndesireforfoodF.EatingtogetherhelpscreateapositiveatmospherearoundfoodG.Onewaytodoitistoteachyourchildtoofferittoothersatthetable【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要給挑食孩子的父母一些建議?！敬鸢浮?6.D17.A18.E19.F20.G16．【解析】由上文“AccordingtoanarticlepublishedrecentlyinthejournalPediatrics,upto50%ofkidsmaybedescribedaspickyeaters.(根據(jù)最近發(fā)表在《兒科學(xué)》雜志上的一篇文章，多達(dá)50%的孩子可能被描述為挑食者)”可知，這里主要講很多孩子挑食，D項(xiàng)Pickyeatingisoneofthemostcommoncomplaintsofparents(挑食是父母最常見(jiàn)的抱怨之一)符合語(yǔ)境，其中Pickyeating和上文pickyeaters對(duì)應(yīng)，有承上作用。故選D項(xiàng)。17．【解析】由下文“Whenyourchildrenareshownawidevarietyoffoodflavorsandoptionsinashop,itcanopentheireyestonewtastestheymightenjoy.Similarly,ifyoulookthroughrecipebooksorwebsitestogetherandpickanewdishordesserttocreate,ithelpsmakeeatingdifferentfoodsafunadventure.(當(dāng)你的孩子在商店里看到各種各樣的食物口味和選擇時(shí)，這可以讓他們看到他們可能喜歡的新口味。同樣，如果你一起瀏覽食譜或網(wǎng)站，選擇一道新菜或甜點(diǎn)來(lái)制作，這有助于讓吃不同的食物成為一次有趣的冒險(xiǎn))”可知，這里主要講通過(guò)一起購(gòu)物和學(xué)習(xí)烹飪來(lái)解決孩子挑食的問(wèn)題。A項(xiàng)Shopandcooktogether(一起購(gòu)物和烹飪)可作為本段小標(biāo)題，其中Shop和下文inashop，以及cook和下文pickanewdishordesserttocreate對(duì)應(yīng)，本句對(duì)下文有總括作用。故選A項(xiàng)。18．【解析】由上文“Forcingkidstoeatfoodtheydon’tlikecanmakethemdoubttheirownbodysignalsofhunger,especiallywhenthey’retoddlers(學(xué)步的兒童).(強(qiáng)迫孩子吃他們不喜歡的食物會(huì)讓他們懷疑自己身體的饑餓信號(hào)，尤其是在他們蹣跚學(xué)步的時(shí)候)”可知，這里主要講強(qiáng)迫孩子吃東西的壞處。E項(xiàng)Itcanalsocauseyourchildtodistrusttheirowndesireforfood(它也會(huì)導(dǎo)致你的孩子不信任自己對(duì)食物的渴望)符合語(yǔ)境，其中It指代上文Forcingkidstoeatfoodtheydon’tlike，有承上作用。故選E項(xiàng)。19．【解析】由下文“Tryyourbesttocookthesamemealforthewholefamilyatthetableandincludeatleastonefoodineachmealthatyourpickyeaterenjoys.Thechildmaynoteatallofit,butit’simportantthatyoupresentit,andthatyousetanexampleoftryingthesefoodsyourself.(盡你所能為全家人在餐桌上做同一頓飯，每頓飯中至少包含一種挑食者喜歡的食物。孩子可能不會(huì)全部吃，但重要的是你要把它呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)，并樹(shù)立自己嘗試這些食物的榜樣)”可知，這里講一家人一起吃飯的好處。F項(xiàng)Eatingtogetherhelpscreateapositiveatmospherearoundfood(一起吃飯有助于在食物周圍營(yíng)造積極的氛圍)符合語(yǔ)境，其中Eatingtogether與下文cookthesamemealforthewholefamilyatthetable對(duì)應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選F項(xiàng)。20．【解析】由下文“Whenyourpickyeaterseesotherfamilymembersenjoyingit,they’remorelikelytounderstandthatit’ssafetoeat.(當(dāng)你挑食的孩子看到其他家庭成員喜歡它時(shí)，他們更有可能理解它是安全的)”可知，這里主要講挑食者會(huì)吃其他成員吃的食物。G項(xiàng)Onewaytodoitistoteachyourchildtoofferittoothersatthetable(一種方法是教你的孩子把它提供給餐桌上的其他人)符合語(yǔ)境，其中others與下文otherfamilymembers對(duì)應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Beingnamedthevaledictorian(致告別辭的最優(yōu)生)wouldbeamassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler.Afterall,it’s____21____giventothestudentwiththehighest____22____intheirclass.Foryears,MartinFolsomandhismotherhavebeenhomeless.Whiletheyhada____23____overtheirheadoccasionally,theyspentmostoftheirtimebeinghomeless.Whentheystayedina____24____,itwasusuallycrowdedandnoisy.Forsomeoneinhighschoolwhoneedsto____25____,theshelterisnotaperfectenvironment.Despitebeinginandoutofhomelessnessthroughouthighschool,Martinwasdeterminedto____26____.ButthisFloridianteendidmuchmorethanthat.Bystaying____27____,Martingraduatedfromhighschool.Hewasalso____28____thevaledictorianofhisclass.Especiallygivenhis____29____,that’squiteanaccomplishment.Whenaskedhowhe_____30_____,Martinsaid,“It_____31_____gavemeashockinmychestalittlebit,butitwasagoodfeeling.Itmeansalotanditgivesmea_____32_____thatallI’vedoneandallIhaveaccomplishedwasworthit.”Allkidswhothinktheycan’t_____33_____thechallengeshouldpayattentiontoMartinFolsom’sstory.Hehadnothing,butthatdidn’tswayhimfromdoingwhatheneededtodo.He’satrue_____34_____.Martindeservestobepraisedforhis_____35_____accomplishment.21.A.peacefully B.typically C.anxiously D.gradually22.A.debt B.voice C.ranking D.warrior23.A.roof B.title C.hat D.door24.A.family B.park C.church D.shelter25.A.pretend B.study C.live D.integrate26.A.graduate B.leave C.wait D.cease27.A.calm B.powerful C.devoted D.energetic28.A.taken B.told C.called D.named29.A.impression B.situation C.credit D.pressure30.A.felt B.did C.went D.came31.A.afterall B.aswell C.kindof D.orrather32.A.moral B.feature C.doubt D.sense33.A.forget B.beat C.find D.trust34.A.inspiration B.fan C.youth D.dreamer35.A.passive B.absolute C.amazing D.ordinary【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述常年流離失所的馬丁成為班上致告別辭的最優(yōu)生的勵(lì)志故事?！敬鸢浮?1.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C21．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：畢竟，它通常是給班上排名最高的學(xué)生的。A.peacefully平和地；B.typically通常；C.anxiously焦急地；D.gradually逐步地。由上文“amassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler”可知，這是一個(gè)很高的榮譽(yù)，所以“通?！苯o優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。故選B項(xiàng)。22．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畢竟，它通常是給班上排名最高的學(xué)生的。A.debt債務(wù)；B.voice聲音；C.ranking排名；D.warrior戰(zhàn)士。由上文“amassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler”可知，這是一個(gè)很高的榮譽(yù)，所以會(huì)給班上“排名”最高的學(xué)生。故選C項(xiàng)。23．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然他們偶爾會(huì)有棲身之所，但他們大部分時(shí)間都無(wú)家可歸。A.roof屋頂；B.title標(biāo)題；C.hat帽子；D.door門。由下文“spentmostoftheirtimebeinghomeless”可知，他們偶爾有“棲身之所”，但大多數(shù)情況無(wú)家可歸。havearoofoverone’shead表“有棲身之所”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。24．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們住在避難所時(shí)，那里通常又擁擠又嘈雜。A.family家庭；B.park公園；C.church教堂；D.shelter避難所。由下文“theshelterisnotaperfectenvironment”可知，這里應(yīng)該指“避難所”。故選D項(xiàng)。25．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)于需要學(xué)習(xí)的高中生來(lái)說(shuō)，避難所并不是一個(gè)完美的環(huán)境。A.pretend假裝；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.live生活；D.integrate整合。由上文“inhighschool”可推知，這里指在馬丁還是一個(gè)高中生，還需要“學(xué)習(xí)”。故選B項(xiàng)。26．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管在整個(gè)高中期間無(wú)家可歸中徘徊，馬丁還是決心畢業(yè)。A.graduate畢業(yè)；B.leave離開(kāi)；C.wait等待；D.cease停止。由下文“Martingraduatedfromhighschool”可知，這里指馬丁決心讀完高中，從高中“畢業(yè)”。故選A項(xiàng)。27．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于專心致志，馬丁高中畢業(yè)了。A.calm冷靜的；B.powerful強(qiáng)大的；C.devoted專心致志的；D.energetic精力充沛的。由上文“ButthisFloridianteendidmuchmorethanthat”可推知，馬丁不僅只是希望畢業(yè)，而是更加“專心致志的”學(xué)習(xí)。故選C項(xiàng)。28．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他還被確定為班上的致告別辭的最優(yōu)生。A.taken??；B.told告訴；C.called稱為；D.named命名，確定。由上文“Beingnamedthevaledictorian(致告別辭的最優(yōu)生)wouldbeamassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler.”可知，這里指馬丁被“確定”為班上的致告別辭的最優(yōu)生。故選D項(xiàng)。29．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：特別是考慮到他的處境，這是一個(gè)相當(dāng)大的成就。A.impression印象；B.situation情況，處境；C.credit信用；D.pressure壓力。由上文“Foryears,MartinFolsomandhismotherhavebeenhomeless.”可知，在這樣流離失所的“處境”中，馬丁能取得這樣的成就的確不容易。故選B項(xiàng)。30．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)及感覺(jué)如何時(shí)，馬丁說(shuō)：“這讓我心里有點(diǎn)震驚，但感覺(jué)很好。”A.felt感覺(jué)；B.did做；C.went去；D.came來(lái)。由下文“gavemeashockinmychestalittlebit”可知，這里應(yīng)是在問(wèn)馬丁的“感覺(jué)”。故選A項(xiàng)。31．【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)及感覺(jué)如何時(shí)，馬丁說(shuō)：“這讓我心里有點(diǎn)震驚，但感覺(jué)很好?！盇.afterall畢竟；B.aswell也；C.kindof有點(diǎn)，稍微；D.orrather說(shuō)得更正確點(diǎn)。由下文“gavemeashockinmychestalittlebit”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里表示被確定為班上的致告別辭的最優(yōu)生讓馬丁“稍微”感到吃驚。故選C項(xiàng)。32．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著很多，讓我感覺(jué)我所做的和所取得的一切都是值得的。A.moral道德準(zhǔn)則；B.feature特征；C.doubt懷疑；D.sense感覺(jué)。由下文“allI’vedoneandallIhaveaccomplishedwasworthit”可知，這次被確定為班上的致告別辭的最優(yōu)生給馬丁一種成就“感”，讓他認(rèn)為他所做的和所取得的一切都是值得的。故選D項(xiàng)。33．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所有認(rèn)為自己無(wú)法打敗挑戰(zhàn)的孩子都應(yīng)該關(guān)注馬丁·福爾索姆的故事。A.forget忘記；B.beat打敗；C.find找到；D.trust相信。由下文“thechallenge”以及語(yǔ)境可知，作者這里建議不能“打敗”挑戰(zhàn)的孩子可以學(xué)馬丁。故選B項(xiàng)。34．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他真是個(gè)鼓舞人心的人。A.inspiration鼓舞人心的人；B.fan粉絲；C.youth青年；D.dreamer夢(mèng)想家。由上文“shouldpayattentiontoMartinFolsom’sstory”可知，馬丁是一個(gè)對(duì)其他孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)是“鼓舞人心的人”。故選A項(xiàng)。35．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：馬丁的驚人成就值得贊揚(yáng)。A.passive被動(dòng)的；B.absolute絕對(duì)的；C.amazing驚人的；D.ordinary普通的。由上文“Beingnamedthevaledictorian(致告別辭的最優(yōu)生)wouldbeamassiveaccomplishmentforanyhigh-schooler.”可知，馬丁的成就是“驚人的”。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AChinesefoodandculturefestivalwonNewYorkers’heartsand____36____(stomach)onJune24withitsd