2024年合肥市高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（一模）英語(yǔ)試卷（含答案）

2024年合肥市高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)(一模)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthewomangototheairport?A.Bybus.B.Bysubway.C.Bytaxi.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fellowworkers.3.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toconfirmaplan.B.Topostponeameeting.C.Torescheduleareservation.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Onthestreet.5.Whyisthewomanintheoffice?A.Topreparedocuments.B.Towaitforacolleague.C.Tomeetadeadline.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Recommendingasuitcase.B.Inquiringabouthisluggage.C.Confirminghisflightnumber.7.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthesuitcase?A.Ithasrecognizablefeatures.B.Ithasbeentakenbymistake.C.Itishisdaughter'sspecialtoy.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Tripplans.B.Flatdecorations.C.Partypreparations.9.Whowillprobablygettheballoons?A.Mary.B.Wilson.C.Jack.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingattheendoftheconversation?A.AskingRichardforhelpB.Gettingthemed-relateddecorations.C.Makingpostersforoceanprotection.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.WhatdoesthemandislikeaboutthepurpleT-shirt?A.Thepatternonit.B.Itscolor.C.Itsmaterial.12.Whatdoesthemanbuyforhisdaughter?A.Jeans.B.Adress.C.AT-shirt.13.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$50.B.S75C.$100.第1頁(yè)共8頁(yè)聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdoesthemando?A.Awriter.B.Ateacher.C.Aphotographer.15.Whydoesthewomansuggestthemantakeatrip?A.Totakephotos.B.Tomeetpeople.C.Torelievepressure.16.Howwillthecoupledecidewheretogo?A.Bysearchingonline.B.Byconsultingafriend.C.Byturningtotheirson.17.WhatwillthewomandothisFriday?A.Eatout.B.Dothepacking.C.Goshopping.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoweknowaboutthequarter-mileroad?A.Itcanprovidewirelesschargingservice.B.Itcanincreasetheefficiencyofvehicles.C.Itisspeciallydesignedtoproducepower.19.HowdoesStefanTongurfeelabouttheproject?A.Itisverypopularandwidelyused.B.Itissafcandcnvironment-friendly.C.Itissustainableandenergy-efficient.20.Whatdoesthespcakermainlytalkabout?A.Awirclesssmartroad.B.Anewelectricvehicle.C.Aroadsecuritysystem第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHongKonghasthelargestcollectionofhigh-risebuildingsonEarth,manyofwhichhavebeendesignedbyworld-famousarchitects.HSBCHeadquartersBuildingIn1979,theHongkongandShanghaiBankingCorporation(HSBC)launchedaninternationaldesigncompetitionforitsnewheadquarters.Foster+Partners,headedbyarchitectSirNormanFoster,wonthecompetitionwithanout-of-the-boxidea.WithabudgetofroughlyS667millionintheday'scurrency,theBritishvisionaryhadthemodular(模塊化的)piecesconstructedintheUS,JapanandtheUKbeforeshippingthemtoHongKongforassembly(組裝).TheHendersonZahaHadidArchitects(ZHA)hasrevealedplanstoreplaceamulti-storycarparkinHongKong'scentralbusinessdistrictwithanew623-foottower.LikesomanyofZHA'svisionaryprojects,theofficetower,completedin2023,integratestechnologywithnaturalcnvironments.Forinstance,thereisaskygardenwhichisanoutdoorrecreationalspacewitharunningtrackandaplantingnetworkthatactsasaneffectivebiologicalair-purifyingfilterbyconsumingpollutants.TwoInternationalFinanceCentreOnaclearday,youcanseestraightacrossHongKongfromtheofficesinTwoInternationalFinanceCenter(2IFC),completedin2003.DesignedbythelateCésarPelli,the1,352-foottowerwasthetallestinthecityuponitscompletion.Ittransformedtheskylinewhenitopenedwithitsbreathtakingheightandtapered(錐形的)shape,symbolizingHongKong'srise.第2頁(yè)共8頁(yè)BankofChinaTowerThe1,205-foottower,completedin1990,brokerecordsatthetimeandbecameaninstantlandmarkasthefirsttowerover985feetoutsideNorthAmerica.Avisionofurbanenergy,expansionandgeometry,theBankofChinaTower(BOCTower)wasdesignedtoresembleabambooshoot,symbolizingstrength,vitalityandChina'semergenceasasignificantplayerininternationalfinance.21.WhatisspecialabouttheHSBCHeadquartersBuilding?A.Itwasdesignedbyseveralarchitectteams.B.Itwasfundedbycountriesacrosstheworld.C.Itsstylewasconsideredtobethemostcreative.D.Itsdesignwasawinningworkofacompetition.22.Whichbuildingcombinestechnologywithnature?A.HSBCHeadquartersBuilding.B.TheHenderson.C.TwoInternationalFinanceCentre.D.BankofChinaTower.23.WhatdotheBOCTowerand2IFChaveincommon?A.Theyareknownforbeingeco-friendly.B.Theywerecompletedinthesamecentury.C.TheyusedtobethetallestinHongKong.D.Theyweredesignedbythesamearchitect.BIninternships(實(shí)習(xí)期)andjobsthatI,nowacareerwoman,haveeverhad,I'vewatchedprofessionals,experiencedandbrand-newalike,conductinterviewsorpresentinmeetingsandmanyofthemappearunpreparedandlackconfidence.Ithinktheywouldallbenefitfromanactingclass.Acentraltechniqueanactingclasscanequipyouwithisimprovisation(即興表演).Essentially,skillssuchastheimprovisationprincipleof"Yes,and..."arebeneficialforthinkingonyourfeet.Whensomeonesuggestsanewidea,yousay"yes"andrunwiththesuggestion.Aprofessionalfamiliarwiththistechniquecanentertainandvaluethecontributionsofothers,promotingafree-flowingexchangeofideas,whichinspiresapositive,creativespiritthatthecorporateworldlongsfor.Bothcollegestudentsandprofessionalsmightbenefitfromthevoiceandmovementtraining.Iusedtobeafraidofthevoiceandmovementpartofactingclass.Myactingteacherwouldmakeusdopush-upsandyoga.Then,we'dstandupandmoan(呻吟)withvaryingdegreesofvoices.Ihatedthis,andlotsofotherpeopledo,too.Buttheproductofthistrainingisanindividualwhostandstallandspeaksclearlyandloudly.Plus,Istillusethestretchesandwarm-upsfromclasstocalmmynervesbeforepresentations.Asanactor,youarcastudentofhumanbehavior.Withthat,whenyourecciveatext,youexploreyourcharacter.Forexample,ifyou'replayingavillain(反派角色),youhavetoapproachyourcharacterfromwhereitstands.Suchanoutlookmakesforawonderfulleader,onethatunderstandscoworkers'situationsandtreatsthemwithpolitenessandunderstanding.I'vebornccountless"Whatareyougoingtodowithatheaterdegree?"specchesfromfamilyandfriends.Butultimately,thesesoftskillsareincrediblyvaluableforyoungprofessionals.Actingtrainingwillsetyouapartfromthepack.24.Whateffectdoestheprincipleof"Yes,and..."haveonprofessionalsfollowingit?A.Itgeneratespositivesuggestions.B.Itbringsaboutsmoothinteraction.C.Itoffersthemgoodentertainmentvalue.D.Ithelpsthemrecognizetheirowncontribution.25.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'sexperienceinparagraph3?A.Sheisstillverynervousofheractingteacher.B.Sheisaddictedtoworkingonherphysicalfitness.C.Thetraininghasmadeherbraverandmorepatient.第3頁(yè)共8頁(yè)D.Thetraininghasenhancedherpresentationabilities.26.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningexploringcharacters?A.Itisabigchallengeformostofthestudentactors.B.Itmakesthestudyofhumanbehaviormucheasier.C.Itcanhelppeopletoputthemselvesinothers'shoes.D.Itmayimprovetherelationshipbetweencoworkers.27.Whatdoestheauthoradviseyoungprofessionalstodo?A.Takeanactingclass.B.Pursueactingcareers.C.Obtainhigherdegrees.D.Consultfamilyandfriends.CHighintheSwissAlpsandtheArctic,scientistshavediscoveredmicrobes(微生物)thatcandigestplastics---importantly,withouttheneedtoapplyextraheat.Theirfindings,publishedinthejournalFrontiersinMicrobiology,couldonedayimproveplasticrecycling.It'snosecretthatplasticpollutionisstillabig,globalissue.SinceitsproductionexplodedduringandafterWorldWarII,humanshavecreatedmorethan9.1billiontonsofplastic---andresearchersestimatethatlessthanonetenthoftheresultingwastehasbeenrecycled.Tomakemattersworse,themostcommonrecyclingoption---whenplasticiswashed,processedandturnedintonewproducts---doesn'tactuallyreducewaste:Therecycledmaterialsareoftenoflowerqualityandmightlaterendupinalandfillallthesame.So,researchersarelookingforsolutionstotheplasticsproblemthatgobeyondconventionalrecycling---andoneprocessthey'veexperimentedwithisbreakingdownplasticsusingmicrobes.Buttheknownplastic-digestingmicrobescanonlydosoatwarmtemperaturesabove85degreesFahrenheit.Whendoneatanindustrialscale,theamountofenergyneededtogeneratethatmuchheatmakestheprocessgiveoffmorecarbon---andcostmoremoney.ButthemicrobesfoundintheArcticandSwissAlpscanfunctionatcoolertemperatures:Theywereabletobreakdownbiodegradable(可生物降解的)plasticsat59degreesFahrenheit.Inthenewstudy,co-authorJoelRüthiandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthatofthetotal34typesofmicrobesexamined,19weresuccessfullyabletobreakdownaformofplasticcalledpolyester-polyurethane,and17couldbreakdowntwotypesofbiodegradableplasticmixtures.Unfortunately,theplasticsthatthemicrobespartiallydegradedrepresenta"reallysmallamountofplasticsincirculation,"saidGavinLear,anenvironmentalmicrobiologist,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Learacknowledgedthatusingnaturalmicrobescanprovideaheadstartwhenitcomestodesigningastrategyforbio-recycling.Ifwemoveawayfromtheconventionalnon-biodegradablematerials,"andwestarttousemoreofthesebiodegradableplastics,thenit'sgoodthatweknowhowtodegradethemmorequicklysothey'relessofanenvironmentalproblem,"heconcluded.28.Whatdoweknowabouttheconventionalrecycling?A.Itdoesnotliveuptoexpectations.B.Itcontributestomorewaste.C.Itisnotaspopularasbefore.D.Itensuresnewproductquality.29.Whichbestdescribesthemethodofusingthemicrobesinthepreviousstudies?A.Impractical.B.Pioneering.C.Reliable.D.Invaluable.30.Whyisthenewstudymentionedinparagraph4?A.Toprovethemicrobeshaveanobvioustastepreference.B.Toshowthefindingopensdoorstoamoreefficientsystem.C.Toclarifyhowtheprocessofbreakingdownplasticsworks.D.Toexplainwhybio-recyclingisbetterthanconventionalrecycling.第4頁(yè)共8頁(yè)31.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"headstart"inparagraph5mean?A.Reward.B.Criterion.C.Protection.D.Advantage.DApairofresearcherswithLeibnizUniversityofHannoverhasdemonstratedthemeansbywhichrobotsmightbeprogrammedtoexperiencesomethingsimilartopaininanimals.Aspartoftheirdemonstrationatlastweek'sIEEEInternationalConferenceonRoboticsandAutomationheldinStockholm,JohannesKuehnandSamiHaddaddinshowedhowpainmightbeusedinrobots,byinteractingwithaBioTacfingertipsensorontheendofaKukaroboticarmthathadbeenprogrammedtoreactdifferentlytodifferingamountsofpain.Theideaofdevelopinganartificialrobotnervoussystemmayseemcontrarytoallexpectations,butKuehnsaysdoingsoisimportantinthesamewaythatitisgoodforhumanstofeelpain."Painisasystemthatprotectsus,"saysKuchn."Whenweavoidthesourceofpain,ithelpsusnotgethurt."Sowhenrobotscanfcclandreacttopain,theywillbecomesmartenoughtoavoidit.Themoredangeroustherobotregistersthethreattobe,thefasteritwillwithdrawandavoidhesourceofdanger.Additionally,KuehnandHaddadinsayhumansworkingalongsiderobotsthatfeelpain,especiallythoseinheavymachinery,willbeprotectedaroundthem.Theyhavetestedoutsomeoftheirideasusingaroboticarmwithafingertipsensorthatcandetectpressureandtemperature.Itusesarobot-tissuepatch(小片)modelledonhumanskintodecidehowmuchpainshouldbefeltandthuswhatactiontotake.Forexample,ifthearmfeelslightpain,itslowlywithdrawsuntilthepainstops,andthenreturnstoitsoriginaltask;severepain,meanwhile,causesthearmtogointoakindoflockdownmodeuntilitcangethelpfromahumanoperator.Suchrobotsarelikelytoraiseahostofquestions,ofcourse,iftheybecomemorecommon---ifarobotactsthesamewayahumandoeswhentouchingahotplate,arewetobelieveitistrulyexperiencingpain?Onlytimewilltellofcourse,butonethingthatisevident,KuehnandHaddadin'sworkcouldleadtorobotsthataremorehuman-likethanever.32.Whatdowelearnabouttherobotsinthedemonstration?A.Theycanlearnskillslikeanimals.B.Theycancommunicatewithpeople.C.Theyhavetheabilitytofeelpain.D.Theyresponddifferentlytorequests.33.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofteachingrobotstofeelpain.B.Theprincipleofrobots'avoidanceofinjuries.C.Theanalysisoftheartificialrobotnervoussystem.D.Thevalueofprotectinghumanworkersfrominjury.34.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph3?A.Therobotissmartenoughtocarryoutdifferenttasks.B.Therobotcanhardlyworkaswellasahumanoperator.C.Therobotcanreactdifferentlybasedondegreesofpain.D.Therobotistolerantofchangesofpressureandtemperature.35.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardKuehnandHaddadin'sstudy?A.Dismissive.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Optimistic.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whensomethinggoeswrong,doyoutendtobouncebackorfallapart?Herearesomestrategiestohelpyoumanageapersonalsetback(挫折)andgetbackontracktowardachievingyourgoal.●Realizeit'snormal.Lessthan20percentofpeoplesuccessfullyachievetheirgoalthefirsttimearound.It'snormalandexpectedforsetbackstooccur.36Knowingthis,it'simportanttoanticipatethatthemaintaskwillbehowtoeffectivelymanagethesetbackwhenitarises.第5頁(yè)共8頁(yè)●Don'tdenyit.Sometimesit'shardtorecognizeasetback.Theproblemcanbestaringyourightintheface,butyoumaydenythere'sanycauseforalarm.37Thisinabilitytoacknowledgetheproblemdoesn'tmeanyou'restupid.It'sjustthatdenialcancloudyourawarenessoftheissue.It'simportanttobereceptivetothehonestfeedback.●38Stopandconsidercarefullywhatwentwrong.Themostcommoncausesofasetbackarepersonalworries,overconfidence,andpoorcopingskills.Takealookatanyfactorthatmayhavecontributedtothesetback:whereyouwere,whoyouwerewith,whatyouwerethinkingandfeeling.●Learnfromit.Learnfromyouranalysisofthesetback,andadjustyourplantotrytopreventsimilarthingsfromhappeningthenexttime.Eachtimeyoufine-tuneyourplanandputitintoactionagain,youactuallyimproveyouroddsofeventualsuccess.39Remindyourselfthatyoursetbackisaslipinsteadofafall.40Afteradjusting,youcanstillmakeprogresstowardsuccessagain.A.Don'ttakeitseriously.B.Analyzewhathappened.C.Youhaven'tlostalloftheknowledge,skills,andsupport.D.Inotherwords,it'snotwhetherachallengewillhappen,butit'swhen.E.Thisisbecauseyoulearnfromeachmissteptomakeyourplanmoreeffective.F.Friendsorfamilywillvoicetheirconcerns,butyoustillmaynotbeabletoacceptit.G.Youmightevenwriteaboutpastexperiencesinajournaltoguideyourfuturebehavior.第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AbigailAdjiritookpartinacompetitionforkidsaged7through12.She,atonly,hastakenGhanaby41,winningoverviewerswithherimpressivedancemoves.It'snot42formostpeopletobecomeskilleddancers,especiallyforlittleAbigailwhois43.Abigailhasbeentrainedto44thevibrations(震動(dòng))shefeelswithherfeet,45listeningtothebeatofsongs.Herprecisecalculationshaveallowedherto46impressivemoves.Still,Abigail'sMomwas47aboutthefactthattheirgoalwastogetthe7-year-oldahearingaid---buttheyneeded48.Theymadethisknownon"OnuaShowtimewithNanaAmaMcBrown",atalkshowinGhana.AwomannamedJoyce,whoheardlittleAbigail'sstory,was49tocometoherassistance.AfterreachingouttoMcBrown,shewasableto50$5,000forthehearingaidand$400forinsurancesothatitcanbereplacedor51,ifneeded.Asyoucanimagine,AbigailandherMomwere52.Infact,thetwoofthemreturnedtoMcBrown'sshowwherethe7-year-oldhappilyshowedoffhernew53,withthehelpofwhichlittleAbigailansweredquestionsfromtheMcBrown.ThepurejoyonAbigail'sfaceisabsolutely54.FolkslikeJoycetrulyserveasa55thatthereismoregoodintheworldthanwerealizeattimes.41. A.name B.reputation C.design D.storm42. A.fair B.easy C.surprising D.secret43. A.one-armed B.bow-legged C.deaf D.blind44. A.resist B.interrupt C.adjust D.match45. A.ratherthan B.thanksto C.regardlessof D.apartfrom46. A.pulloff B.slowdown C.lookinto D.referto第6頁(yè)共8頁(yè)47. A.curious B.hesitant C.nervous D.frank48. A.trust B.luck C.help D.courage49. A.moved B.surprised C.grateful D.brave50. A.save B.donate C.invest D.make51. A.repaired B.damaged C.abandoned D.shared52. A.onthego B.overthemoon C.underacloud D.ataloss53. A.dance B.song C.award D.device54. A.awkward B.pointless C.priceless D.beneficial55. A.solution B.reminder C.warning D.discovery第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThereisaChinesestoryofanoldmaninhis90sworkingwithhisfamilytoremovemountainstoconnecttheoutsideworld56others'doubts.ThestoryhasinspiredtheChinesetouniteandovercomedifficultywith57(determine)andhardwork.ThestorybecamearealityinLinCounty,HenanProvinceinthe1960s.A1,500-kilometer-longwaterwayalongthecliffs(懸崖)oftheTaihangMountains58(build)bythelocalpeoplewithin10years,bringingpreciouswaterfromtheZhangheRiverintheborderingShanxiProvincetothedrought-hitarea.Initially,findingdrinkingwaterwas59headacheforresidents:Peoplehadtofetchwaterfromfivekilometersawayeveryday.60(ease)thisarea'swatershortages,thelocalgovernmentdecidedtoconstructacanalacrossthemountains,61constructionwasaremarkableengineeringachievement.Peopletiedropesaroundtheirwaistsand62(hang)offcliffs,drillingholesinrock,andthendugcanalswithsimpletools.FromFebruary1960toJuly1969,theyleveled1,250mountaintopsanddug211tunnels(隧道),63(remove)22.25millioncubicmetersofearthandrocks.Theireffortsgainedmultiple64(benefit).Itwasthecanalthat65(dramatic)changedthelifeofthelocalpeople,irrigating(灌溉)36.000hectaresoflandandsolvingwatersupplydifficultiestosome567,000people.Theirdeedshavebeenhailed(稱(chēng)頌)asthe"spiritoftheRedFlagCanal."第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作(滿(mǎn)分15分)假定你是李華，你從網(wǎng)上得知聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織(UNESCO)將在你的家鄉(xiāng)舉辦“一帶一路”(theBeltandRoadInitia)茶文化交流活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封英文信申請(qǐng)做志愿者。內(nèi)容包括：1、寫(xiě)信目的；2、對(duì)活動(dòng)的認(rèn)識(shí)；3、個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearSirorMadam,第7頁(yè)共8頁(yè)Yourssincerely,LiHua第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)(滿(mǎn)分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Catherinehadstayedathomeallherlifetolookafterherthreechildren,butnow,she,wholostherhusbandinacaraccident,hadtostepoutandearnmoneytomakeendsmeet.Withzeroworkexperienceandnoprofessionaldegree,herchancesofgettinghiredforawell-paidjobwerenexttozero.Oneday,afterdroppingherchildrenatschool,Catherinespottedaconstructionsite."IthinkIcanworkhere,"shethoughtandapproachedthemanager."Hi,areyouhiring?"sheasked."Yes,weare,"themanagerlookedatCatherinefromheadtot