高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)與造型

譯文高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)與造型結(jié)構(gòu)是建筑的骨骼，人有人的骨骼，動(dòng)物有動(dòng)物的骨骼。大千世界千奇百怪的生命體，很多都依賴(lài)骨骼承托著身體的重量。地球上生物的進(jìn)化規(guī)律是，越是高級(jí)的生物，骨骼就越復(fù)雜，而建筑也同樣，建筑的造型、空間等內(nèi)容，都依賴(lài)它的骨骼——結(jié)構(gòu)承重著。就如同不同的生命有著不同的骨骼一樣，不同的建筑也有著不同的結(jié)構(gòu)。我們關(guān)注結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，首先關(guān)注它的可靠性，此外很重要的，還要關(guān)注它的形態(tài)，可以說(shuō)，沒(méi)有結(jié)構(gòu)，就沒(méi)有造型，也就沒(méi)有空間。如果以上的這些比擬還十分粗糙，那么從建造的角度來(lái)看，把結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)比作生物的表皮，把造型類(lèi)比作表皮和皮下組織就顯得十分準(zhǔn)確了?？夏崴?弗蘭普頓說(shuō)：“建筑的根本在于建造，在于建筑師應(yīng)用材料并將之構(gòu)筑成整體的創(chuàng)作過(guò)程和方法。建構(gòu)應(yīng)對(duì)建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)和構(gòu)造進(jìn)行表現(xiàn)，甚至直接的表現(xiàn)，這才是符合建筑文化的?！备邔咏ㄖ性O(shè)計(jì)中的結(jié)構(gòu)要素，影響著整體的造型。當(dāng)我們?cè)诮Y(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)允許的范圍內(nèi)，調(diào)整梁、柱、墻的數(shù)量、比例、排列方式和截面形式等這些因素的時(shí)候，看似枯燥的結(jié)構(gòu)就展現(xiàn)出無(wú)比豐富的表現(xiàn)力。例如可以把柱子陳列成柱廊，不同長(zhǎng)度、不同高度、不同間距的柱廊有著不同的性格；也可以像路易斯-康一樣把柱子和墻當(dāng)成構(gòu)成中的線和面，組成一定的肌理，框架結(jié)構(gòu)有著相當(dāng)?shù)膶捜荻?，并不是一提起?lái)就只有8米見(jiàn)方的柱網(wǎng)。事實(shí)上當(dāng)你仔細(xì)的處理每一個(gè)柱與柱、柱與梁、墻與柱等等的關(guān)系的時(shí)候，結(jié)構(gòu)就變成活的東西，就可以變成你造型的有力手段。首先來(lái)看支撐構(gòu)件，一般包括柱和墻，是豎向的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件。同樣的構(gòu)件斷面尺寸下，“十”字形的柱子在視覺(jué)上就比“口”字形的柱子顯得要高聳一些，原因是它在豎直方向的立面上增加的了一些線條，改變了原來(lái)的立面比例造成的印象。除了改變截面柱，，我們也可以用束柱等方法來(lái)加以調(diào)整。此外柱子也不一定就必須是豎直方向的，適當(dāng)?shù)膬A斜也未嘗不可。在結(jié)構(gòu)造型設(shè)計(jì)中，非常重要的就是柱與梁的關(guān)系，它們的比例、形式和連接。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，梁柱尺度相同的時(shí)候，形式感比較純粹；梁比柱大的時(shí)候，顯的比價(jià)有分量；柱比梁大的時(shí)候，有拈輕若重的感覺(jué)。當(dāng)然這種相對(duì)的比例關(guān)系也與構(gòu)件的絕對(duì)尺寸有關(guān)，尺寸大的總是顯得沉重，尺寸小的總是顯得纖巧。另一個(gè)重要的承重構(gòu)件就是墻體。墻體可以看成是一排緊密相連的柱子，但是墻的作用不僅于此，除承重外，墻體還可以承擔(dān)抗剪和圍合空間的作用，抗剪就是抵抗框架結(jié)構(gòu)體系的橫向受力而起的作用。我們把承托重量的墻稱(chēng)為承重墻，抵抗剪力的墻稱(chēng)為剪力墻，不承重的墻可以稱(chēng)為非承重墻、填充墻或隔墻。由于兼具結(jié)構(gòu)作用和圍護(hù)作用，墻體的重要性不言而喻。墻體由于是面的造形，所以比例關(guān)系和輪廓形狀就更為重要。而墻上可以開(kāi)洞或窗，都會(huì)改變墻的結(jié)構(gòu)能力和視覺(jué)效果，需要結(jié)合建筑設(shè)計(jì)和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)綜合考慮。至于墻的空間中的效果，應(yīng)該是起到最為重要的表皮和限定作用。橫向構(gòu)件也是非常重要的元素，主要包括梁和板。通常情況下，都有板來(lái)承托荷載，然后把重量傳遞給梁，梁在傳給柱，柱傳遞給基礎(chǔ)。板和梁都是受彎構(gòu)件，這是他們共同的受力特征，決定了它們的形式。梁是生動(dòng)有表現(xiàn)力的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件，它有很多形式。從平面上看，有主次梁結(jié)合的、又密肋梁排列的、也有井字梁形式的等。梁的截面也可以發(fā)生變化，可以懸挑、可以斜梁，使空間產(chǎn)生趣味?？蚣苁俏覀儸F(xiàn)在應(yīng)用的結(jié)構(gòu)中最為廣泛的一種,可以說(shuō)，百分之九十的建筑物都是用框架結(jié)構(gòu)搭建起來(lái)的?？蚣芙Y(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用范圍是十分廣泛的。沙利文曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：“當(dāng)框架結(jié)構(gòu)被放在兩個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上，建筑便發(fā)生了?！钡拇_，最簡(jiǎn)單的框架也許就是在基礎(chǔ)上的幾根梁和柱組成的。梁是水平受力構(gòu)件，注是豎直受力構(gòu)件。因此框架就形成了簡(jiǎn)單的橫平豎直的方形，加上圍護(hù)構(gòu)件以后就是我們最常使用的方盒子。但其實(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)就是一種處理，同樣是做方盒子，密斯凡德羅就可以把它的比例、尺度、細(xì)節(jié)、材料處理得十分精湛，成為眾人仰慕的作品。所以說(shuō)，重要的是設(shè)計(jì)推敲，而不是結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型的本身?？蚣芙Y(jié)構(gòu)的造型特點(diǎn)：力和力量感是我們認(rèn)識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型的重要切入點(diǎn)。從力的角度來(lái)看，框架結(jié)構(gòu)是比較明確的，從力量感上來(lái)看，卻比較復(fù)雜，因?yàn)榭蚣芙Y(jié)構(gòu)中的不同構(gòu)件，由于使用條件，如跨度、高度等的不同，以及構(gòu)件本身的材料和使用方法不同，會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出許多不一樣的效果。例如，同為密斯的作品，伊利諾理工學(xué)院建筑館，就顯得厚重、結(jié)實(shí)，突出縱向線條，梁也夸大并展現(xiàn)出來(lái)，因而顯得十分粗壯；而巴塞羅那館就完全是另一種感覺(jué)，梁被板取代了，柱子被隱到了暗處，只有輕盈的屋面水平伸展，而不承重的墻體也加強(qiáng)了這種水平方向的延伸感。這就是同樣結(jié)構(gòu)的不同處理造成不同的力量感，也形成了不同的建筑造型。剪力墻是為建筑物提供剛度抵抗側(cè)向風(fēng)力和地震力的豎向平面隔板。它們?cè)?0年代就首先推出。剪力墻一般做成實(shí)體墻，有時(shí)墻上可以有一些為安裝門(mén)窗或管道系統(tǒng)而設(shè)置的洞口。剪力墻在平面上可以組合成不同的形狀。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，剪力墻是一些豎向平板形成的構(gòu)件，但也可以做成曲線型、折線形或者斜板形。在一棟多層建筑中，剪力墻可以設(shè)置在很多地方，它可以成為外墻、內(nèi)墻或者核心墻。下面具體舉幾個(gè)實(shí)例來(lái)闡述，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與造型的關(guān)系。交通銀行新大樓1948年10月竣工，是上海解放前外灘最后建成的一幢樓。屬近現(xiàn)代主義風(fēng)格，由鴻達(dá)洋行設(shè)計(jì)，大樓主體6層，中間為8層，鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)。正面和側(cè)面均以垂直的線條來(lái)突出建筑的立體感。底層門(mén)框用黑色大理石作貼面，其余墻面均以白水泥粉刷。大門(mén)原為轉(zhuǎn)門(mén)，入內(nèi)是彩紋人造大理石鋪成的過(guò)道，兩側(cè)靠墻為環(huán)狀扶梯。扶梯用大理石作臺(tái)階，紫銅作欄桿。經(jīng)扶梯上2樓平臺(tái)，過(guò)4扇鋁框玻璃門(mén)，進(jìn)入高大寬敞的大廳，滿目紅色，富麗堂皇。大廳由36根大理石柱作支撐，每根柱子的下半部分以及大廳四周墻壁均由紅色瓷磚鋪貼，裝飾、地坪也是紅色低磚鋪成。樓內(nèi)有庫(kù)房、發(fā)電機(jī)、空氣調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)、2部奧的斯電梯。整幢大樓的內(nèi)部設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)用。大樓外觀的凝重與內(nèi)部的熱烈使其別具特色，在古典建筑叢中更顯現(xiàn)代氣息。中國(guó)銀行上海分行1937年建成，是外灘(中山東一路段)眾多建筑中惟一一幢由中國(guó)人自己設(shè)計(jì)和建造的具有中國(guó)民族特色的建筑，是上海最成功的摩天大樓之一。分東西兩幢大樓，西大樓為4層鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)建筑，東大樓是主樓，高15層，地下層2層，共17層，鋼框架結(jié)構(gòu)。外墻為金山石,屋頂為平緩的四方撰尖頂,上蓋綠色玻璃瓦,樓檐上用斗拱裝飾。東立面從高到低有變形的錢(qián)幣形鏤空窗框，大門(mén)上方原有孔子周游列國(guó)石雕，講述了一個(gè)個(gè)令人神往的故事。到處洋溢著古色古香的氛圍。中國(guó)銀行大樓是近代西洋建筑與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)建筑結(jié)合較成功的一幢大樓。開(kāi)封市第一人民醫(yī)院病房樓本工程項(xiàng)目系新建現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土框剪結(jié)構(gòu)，十九層，建筑面積33800平方米，建筑總高度71.50米，兩端（東西）共設(shè)有兩部樓梯及三部電梯，按抗震七度設(shè)防。

該工程主體為全現(xiàn)澆框架－剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)，墻體圍護(hù)外墻為240磚墻，內(nèi)墻為200厚加氣砼墻。底層大廳為花崗巖地面，其余地坪為現(xiàn)澆水磨石。走廊、高干病房、護(hù)士站設(shè)輕鋼龍骨石膏板吊頂，外墻裝飾滿貼白色面磚，整個(gè)建筑造型莊重典雅，水衛(wèi)、消防、報(bào)警、照明、電氣、空調(diào)各種配套設(shè)施齊全。印度儲(chǔ)備銀行職工寓所這是一棟9層公寓建筑，有一個(gè)不對(duì)稱(chēng)平面。為了滿足框架較弱方向上抵抗側(cè)向荷載的要求，在該方向設(shè)置了鋼筋混凝土剪力墻代替樓梯間和電梯間所需要的磚砌體，這就形成了相互作用的框架剪力墻體系。中銀大廈(原名上海國(guó)際金融大廈)基地面積9918.9平方米。建筑占地面積4126平方米，總建筑面積123000平方米。建筑總高度258米，地下3層，地上53層。中銀大廈地下部分為鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，地上部分核心筒為鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，外圍框架梁為鋼梁，中低層部分柱為勁性鋼筋混凝土，變截面及變截面以上部分為鋼柱。53層沿短軸方向設(shè)四道水平桁架。轉(zhuǎn)換層結(jié)構(gòu)采用與建筑設(shè)計(jì)最為貼切，受力流暢的斜柱框架結(jié)構(gòu)。建筑造型新穎，由古老的鑄幣(布幣)而抽象出的形態(tài)，象征著中國(guó)金融的歷史和未來(lái)。天圓地方的建筑形態(tài)、豎直向上的建筑線條，塑造了一座晶瑩剔透的水晶之塔。屋頂?shù)耐胧皆煨退坪跤窒笳饕粋€(gè)聚寶盆。于建筑立面的要求，從23層開(kāi)始建筑平面由正方形逐步轉(zhuǎn)換成紡錘形。設(shè)計(jì)充分利用中央混凝土筒體的剛度和穩(wěn)定性，轉(zhuǎn)換層設(shè)計(jì)摒棄傳統(tǒng)的巨型桁架承托，采用與建筑設(shè)計(jì)最為貼切，受力流暢的斜柱框架結(jié)構(gòu)，節(jié)約了工程造價(jià)，并提高施工效率。在結(jié)構(gòu)布置和構(gòu)件選用上盡量使節(jié)點(diǎn)構(gòu)造簡(jiǎn)單、施工方便。原文High-riseconstructionstructureandmodelingThestructureistheconstructionskeleton,thepersonsomeperson'sskeleton,theanimalhasanimal'sskeleton.Theinfiniteuniverseallsortsofstrangeandunusuallifebody,manyreliesontheskeletontosupportbody'sweight.OntheEarththebiologicalevolutionruleis,moreisthehigh-levelbiology,theskeletonismorecomplex,butconstructsalsosame,contentsandsoonconstructionmodeling,space,relyonitsskeleton--structureload-bearing.Issimilartothedifferentlifehasthedifferentskeletontobethesame;thedifferentconstructionalsohasthedifferentstructure.Wepayattentiontothestructuretime,firstpaysattentiontoitsreliability,inadditionisveryimportant,butmustpayattentiontoitsshape,maysay,doesnothavethestructure,doesnothavethemodeling,alsodoesnothavethespace.Ifabovethesecomparisonsarealsoveryrough,thenlookingfromtheconstructionangle,compareswiththestructureclassbiologicaltheepidermis,madetheepidermisandtheSubcutaneoustissuethemodelinganalogyappearsisveryaccurate.Kenneth-Framptonsaid:“theconstructionbasisliesintheconstruction,willlieinthearchitectandconstructsthewholeusingthematerialthecreationprocessandthemethod.Theconstructiondealswiththeconstructionthestructureandthestructurecarriesontheperformance,eventhedirectperformance,thisisconformstotheconstructionculture.”Inthehigh-riseconstructiondesignsthemember,isaffectingthewholemodelling.Whenweinthestructuremechanicspermission'sscope,adjustLiang,thecolumn,thewallquantity,theproportion,thearrangementwayandthesectionformandsoonthesefactortime,lookedthatresemblesthearidstructuretounfoldtheincomparablyrichexpressiveforce.Forexamplemayexhibitthepillarthecolonnade,thedifferentlength,different,thedifferentsoaking’scolonnadehasthedifferentdispositionhighly;MayalsolooklikeLouise-Kangequallyregardsthepillarandthewallintheconstitutionthelinedoughmaking,composescertainskintexture,theportalframeconstructionhasthesuitablelatitude,assoonasisnotraiseshas8meterssquarethecolumnnetworks.Infactwhenyourcarefulprocessingeachcolumnandcolumn,columnandLiang,wallandcolumnandsoonrelations,thestructureturnsthelivething,mayturnyourmodelingthepowerfulmethod.Firstlookssupportsthecomponent,generallyincludesthecolumnandthewall,istheverticalstructuralunit.Thecomponentcrosssectionsizeundersimilarly,“ten”theglyphpillartheglyphpillarappearsinthevisioncomparedto“themouth”muststandtallanderectsome,thereasonwasitincreasessomelinesontheverticaldirectionverticalsurface,changedtheimpressionwhichtheoriginalverticalsurfaceproportioncreated.Exceptthechangesectioncolumn,wemayalsousetotiemethodsandsooncolumntocometoadjust.Inadditionthepillarnotnecessarilymustbetheverticaldirection;suitableinclinedalsonoreasonwhynot.Inthestructuremodellingdesign,veryimportantisthecolumnandLiang'srelations,theirproportion,formandconnection.Generallyspeaking,thebeamcolumncriterionisthesame,theformfeelingisquitepure;LiangBizhuisbig,thepriceratioobviouslyhasthecomponent;ColumncomparedtoLiangDa,haspicksuplightly,ifheavyfeeling.Certainlythiskindofrelativeproportionalrelationshipalsowithcomponent'sabsolutedimensionrelated,thesizebigalwaysappearsheavy,thesizesmallalwaysappearsdelicate.Anotherimportantcarrierisawall.Thewallmayregardasisarowofconnectcloselythepillar,butthewallfunction,besidesload-bearing,thewallmayalsoundertakeanti-cutsandencirclesgathersspatialthefunction,anti-cutsresiststheportalframeconstructionsystem'scrosswisestress,butfunction.Wesupporttheweightthewalltobecalledthebearingwall,theresistingshearwallarecalledtheshearingforcewall,nottheload-bearingwallmaybecalledthenon-bearingwall,theinfilledwallorthepartitionwall.Becausehasboththestructurefunctionandthesurroundingprotectionfunction,thewallimportanceisself-evident.Becausethewallisthesurfaceshape,thereforetheproportionalrelationshipandtheoutlineshapearemoreimportant.Butonthewallmayopentheholeorthewindow,canchangethewallstructuralcapacityandthevisualeffect,needstounifythearchitecturaldesignandthestructuraldesignoverallevaluation.Asforinthewallspace'seffect,shouldbeplaysthemostimportantepidermisandthedefinitionrole.Thecrosswisecomponentisalsotheveryimportantelement,mainlyincludesLiangHeban.Usuallyinthesituation,hastheboardtosupporttheload,thentransmitstheweightgivesLiang,Liangispassingtothecolumn,thecolumntransmitsforthefoundation.TheboardandLiangDuearethemembersinbending,thisistheircommonstresscharacteristic,hasdecidedtheirform.Liangvividlyhastheexpressiveforcestructuralunit,ithasmanyforms.Lookedfromtheplanethathasthemainsecondarygirderunion,denseribLiangtoarrange,alsotohavewellcharacterLiangformandsoon.Liang'ssectionmayalsochange,mayhangselects,maythebrail,andcausesthespacetohavetheinterest.Theframeiswenowintheapplicationstructurethemostwidespreadonekind,maysay,90%buildingsarebuildwiththeportalframeconstruction.Theportalframeconstruction'sapplicationscopeisverywidespread.Sullivanhadsaid:“whentheportalframeconstructionisplacedintwofoundations,theconstructionhasthenoccurred.”Indeed,thesimpletheframeperhapsiscomposesinfoundationseveralLiangHezhu.Liangisthehorizontalstresscomponent;thenoteistheverticalstresscomponent.Thereforetheframehasformedthesimplehorizontalevenverticalsquareshape;inadditionthesurroundingprotectioncomponentlaterwillbethesideboxwhichwewillmostoftenuse.Butactually,thedesignisonekindofprocessing,similarlyismakesthesidebox,misseveryDelcomayitsproportion,thecriterion,thedetail,thematerialhandlingveryexquisitely,becomesworkwhichthepeopleadmire.Therefore,designsmoreimportantlydeliberates,butisnotstructuretypeit.Portalframeconstructionmodellingcharacteristic:Thestrengthandthestrengthfeelingofquantityisourcognitivestructuretypeimportantbreakthroughpoint.Lookingfromthestrengthangle,theportalframeconstructionisquiteexplicit,lookedfromthestrengthfeelingofquantity,isquiteactuallycomplex,becauseinportalframeconstruction'sdifferentcomponent,asaresultoftheexploitationconditions,likethespan,highlyandsoondifference,aswellascomponent'smaterialandtheapplicationmethodisdifferent,willpresentmanydissimilareffects.Forexample,withforthemisswork,theIllinoisTechnicalinstituteconstructsthehall,appearsissincere,issolid,theprominentlongitudinalline,Liangisalsoexaggeratingandunfolds,thusappearsverysturdy;ButBarcelonahallcompletelyisanotherkindoffeeling,Lianghasbeensubstitutedforbytheboard,pillarhiddentohiddenplace,onlythenlitheroofinglevelextension,butnottheload-bearingwallalsostrengthenedthiskindofhorizontaldirectiontoextendthefeeling.Thisissimilarstructuredifferentprocessingcreatesthedifferentstrengthfeelingofquantity,alsohasformedthedifferentconstructionmodelling.Theshearingforcewallisprovidestherigidityresistancelateralwindpowerandtheseismicforceverticalplanepartitionboardforthebuilding.Theyfirstpromoteinthe40s.Theshearingforcewallmakestheentitywallgenerally,sometimesonthewallmayhavesometoinstallDongkouwhichthewindowsanddoorsorthepipingsystemestablishes.Theshearingforcewallmaycombinethedifferentshapeintheplane.Ingeneral,theshearingforcewallisthecomponentwhichsomeverticalplatesform,butmayalsomakethecurve,tofoldlinearortheslantingshapeofstrip.Inamultistorybuilding,theshearingforcewallmayestablishinmanyplaces,itmaybecometheouterwall,theinnerwallorthenuclearcorewall.undergivesseveralexamplestoelaboratespecifically,structuraldesignandmodellingrelations.TheCommunicationsBanknewbuildinginOctober,1948wascompleted,isabuildingwhichShanghaipre-liberationBundcompletedfinally.Isnearmodernismstyle,reachesthebusinessfirmdesignbythegreatwildgoose,buildingmainbody6,middleis8,thereinforcedconcreteportalframeconstruction.Frontageandthesidehighlighttheconstructionbytheverticallinethestereoscopiceffect.ThefirstfloordoorframewiththeblackDalistonemason'sworkshopcover,otherwallsurfaceswhitewashesbythewhitecement.Thefrontdoorisarevolvingdoororiginally,inentersisthecorridorwhichthecolorgrainartificialmarbleshopbecomes,thebothsidesdependingonthewallisthering-likestaircasewithahandrail.ThestaircasewithahandrailusestheDalistonemason'sworkshopstair,purplecopperworkparapet.Afterthestaircasewithahandrailon2buildingplatforms,4leafofaluminumframeglassdoor,hasenteredthebigspacioushall,iseverywherered,splendid.Thehallmakesthesupportby36marblecolumns,eachpillar'slowerpartaswellasthehallallaroundwallpastebytheredceramictileshop,thedecoration,thegroundsaroundahousearealsotheredlowbrickshopbecome.Inthebuildinghasthestorehouse,thegenerator,theairconditioner,2OTISelevators.Entirebuilding'sinternaldesignemphasisispractical.Thebuildingoutwardappearancecausesitsothercharacteristicwarmlydignifiedlywiththeinterior,appearsagenerationofbreathinclassicalarchitectureCongZhonggeng.TheBankofChinaShanghaiBranchin1937completed,wasBund(eastZhongshanaroadsection)inthenumerousconstructionsonlyonedesignsandtheconstructionbyChinesehasChinanationalcharacteristicsconstruction,wasoneofShanghaimostsuccessfulskyscrapers.Theminutethingtwobuildings,westthebuildingis4reinforcedconcretestructureconstruction,eastthebuildingisamainbuilding,high15,basement2,altogether17,steelportalframeconstruction.TheouterwallistheJinshanstone;theroofwritestheapexforthegentlefourdirections,thetopheadgreenglasstile,onthebuildingeavedecorateswiththedugong.Eastsetsupthesurfacefromhightolowtohavethedistortionmoneyshapetohollowoutthewindowframe,abovethefrontdoororiginalKongZitravelsaroundvariousnations’stonecarving,narratedeachonefireimaginationstory.Everywhereisbrimmingwiththeantiqueatmosphere.TheBankofChinabuildingisthemodernWesternworldconstructswithaChinesetraditionconstructionunionsuccessfulbuilding.TheKaifengfirstPeople'sHospitalhospitalwardbuildingthisengineeringprojectisthenewlybuiltcast-in-placereinforcedconcreteframecutsthestructure,19,thefloorspace33800squaremeters,theconstructiongrossaltitude71.50meters,thebothsides(thing)altogetherisequippedwithtwostaircasesandthreeelevators,accordingtoresistsearthquakessevendegreesfortifications.Thisprojectmainbodyfortheentirecast-in-placeframe-shearingforcewallstructure,thewallsurroundingprotectionouterwallis240brickwalls,theinnerwallis200thickairentrainmenttongwalls.Thefirstfloorhallisthegraniteground;othergroundsaroundahousearethecast-in-placeterrazzo.Thecorridor,doesthehospitalward,nursetostandhighsupposesthelightsteelkeelplastertabletsuspendedceiling,theouterwalldecorationpastesthewhitefacebrickcompletely,entireconstructionmodellinggraveelegant,ShuiWei,thefireprevention,thewarning,theillumination,theelectricity,airconditioningeachkindofmatchingfacilitiesarecomplete.IndiaReservebankstaffresidencethisisa9apartmentconstruction,hasaplaneofsymmetry.Inordertosatisfyintheframeweakdirectiontoresistthelateralloadtherequest,inthisdirectionestablishedthereinforcedconcreteshearingforcewalltoreplacethebricksettingwhichbetweenthestairhallandtheelevatorneeded,thishasformedtheinteractionframeshearingforcewallsystem.BankofChinabuilding(oldnameShanghaiinternationalfinan