專(zhuān)題10 科學(xué)新發(fā)現(xiàn)與航天-中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

中考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀專(zhuān)題10科學(xué)新發(fā)現(xiàn)與中國(guó)航天姓名：_________班級(jí)：_________學(xué)號(hào)：_________閱讀理解A篇:改革開(kāi)放45周年：藏在變化中的幸福。B篇：余華成為首登《巴黎評(píng)論》“作家訪談”的中國(guó)作家。C篇：用“人腦”做的“生物計(jì)算機(jī)”誕生！D篇：科學(xué)新發(fā)現(xiàn)：霸王龍吃什么？化石揭示它們的飲食秘密。E篇：拾金不昧是美德，也是義務(wù)F篇：首個(gè)古籍大語(yǔ)言模型“荀子”發(fā)布G篇：中國(guó)商業(yè)航天也在迅速發(fā)展。語(yǔ)法填空：詩(shī)歌欣賞：王昌齡《塞下曲》——血淚交織的史詩(shī)盡顯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷。A閱讀理解（原創(chuàng)）Thisyearmarksthe45thanniversaryofthebeginningofreformandopening-up(改革開(kāi)放)．Duringthistime,Chinahasseenatremendoustransformation．AccordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics,from1978to2017,China’stotalvalueofimportsandexportsincreasedfrom35．5billionyuanto27．8trillionyuan．XuZhaolin,25,andherfamilyhavefirst-handexperienceofseeingtheimpactofthischange．Herfather,XuZhenhe,boughthisfirstJapanese-madecamerain1998ataphotographyequipmentstoreinBeijing．“Atthattime,peoplecouldonlybuyimportedphotographyequipmentlikethisatparticularstoresandthecamerasusedfilm,”saidthe57-year-old．Afterjustovertwodecades,filmcamerasarenowseldomseeninthemarketplace．“Nowthecamerafunctionsonoursmartphonesarediverseenoughtomeetourneeds,”

XuZhaolinsaidexcitedly．Sheaddedthattodaywecanfindamuchlargervarietyofimportedgoodsonline．TherehavealsobeensignificantchangesinChina’sfoodsupplyandtransaction(交易)methods．XiaoYao,a14-year-oldstudentfromChengdu,Sichuan,feltquitemovedwhenhergrandmothersharedthispartofhistory．WhenXiao’sgrandmotherHuangKunrongwasachild,sheusedliangpiao,orfoodrationcoupons,togetherfoodallowance．Eachpersonhadafixedquantityofgraineverymonth．“Sometimespeopledidn’thaveenoughricetoeat,sotheycouldonlyeatstoredcoarsegrain(粗糧)likesweetpotatoes,”saidHuang．ThatwasthesituationHuangfacedoncewhenshehadtotakecareofhersickgrandmother．“Imanagedtoturntherotten(腐爛的)sweetpotatoesintoporridgeandservedittomygrandma,butitstillstank(有異味)．Ifeltutterlyhelplessanddesperate,”Huangsaid．Today,Chinesepeoplenolongerhavetofacehungeraspastgenerationsdid,nordotheyneedtousecouponstogetfood．Instead,theyusetheirphones．ThroughtheuseofasimpleandconvenientQRcodes,peoplecanbuyanythingtheywantwithoutlimits．“Evenmygrandmotherwhowasborninthe‘couponera’thinksitissoconvenient!”saidXiao．1．Whatdoweknowfromthearticle?A．The50thanniversaryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaB．The45thanniversaryofthebeginningofreformandopening-upinChinaC．The25thyearsincetheestablishmentoftheNationalBureauofStatisticsD．ThecentenarycelebrationoftheCommunistPartyofChina2．WhatdidpeopleuseforpurchasingfoodduringXiao’sgrandmother’syouth?A．Creditcards．B．QRcodes．C．Foodrationcoupons．D．Cashonly．3．WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutXuZhenhe’sexperiencewithphotographyequipment?A．Hecouldeasilypurchaseimportedcamerasin1998．B．HeboughtaChinese-madecamerafromaninternationalstore．C．Importedphotographyequipmentwasnotcommonandhadlimitedaccesspoints．D．Heneverwitnessedthetransitionfromfilmcamerastodigitalcameras．4．BasedonHuangKunrong’sexperience,whatcanbeinferredaboutlifeduringheryouth?A．Foodwasabundantlyavailabletoeveryonewithoutrestrictions．B．Foodhadtoberationedandbasicgoodsweresometimesscarce．C．Sweetpotatoeswerethepreferredchoiceoffood．D．QRcodeswereusedforfoodtransactions．5．Whichstatementbestdescribethemainideaofthearticle?A．ThearticlediscussesChina’stechnologicaladvancementsinphotographyequipmentovertheyears．B．ThearticleoutlinesthedramatictransformationofChina’seconomyandtheimpactondailylifesincethereformandopening-up．C．ThearticleisprimarilyfocusedonthehistoricaluseoffoodrationcouponsinChina．D．ThearticleisanexplorationofmodernChinesepurchasinghabits,particularlyregardingonlineshopping．B閱讀理解（原創(chuàng)）AfamousmagazinecalledTheParisReviewdidsomethingreallyspecial–theytalkedtoaChinesewriternamedYuHua．ItwasthefirsttimeaChineseauthorgottosharetheirthoughtsinapartofthemagazinethatfocusesonwriters．YuHuawasbornin1960andwritesbooksthatmakeyouthinkaboutbigquestionslikewhywe’rehereandwhathappenswhenwedie．HisstoriesareaboutpeoplefromChinawhogothroughalotofchanges．OneofYu’sbooksiscalled“ToLive,”《活著》andtellsaboutaguynamedXuFuguiwhonevergivesup,evenwhenthingsgetreallytough．Anotherstory,“ChronicleofaBloodMerchant,”《許三觀賣(mài)血記》isaboutXuSanguan,whohastosellhisownbloodtofaceproblemsinlife．Butthenhegetsreallysadwhennobodyneedshisblood．EventhoughYu’sstoriesmightmakeyoufeelabitsad,he’safunnyguyinreallife．Heevenjokedaboutwantingtobeawritersonoalarmclockwouldwakehimup!WhenYuwasakid,heusedtobeattheheatbysleepinginacoolplacewheretheykeptpeoplewhohadpassedaway．Andsometimes,he’dpretendhistummyhurtsomuch,theythoughtheneededsurgery!Hisexperiencesturnedintostoriesthatreallygrabpeople’sattention—especiallyyoungreaders．TheylikehowYuunderstandswhat’spopularanddoesn’tsoundlikehe’steachingalesson．Heeventalkedabout“l(fā)yingflat,”awaytodescribehowpeopledecidenottocompeteallthetime．Someyoungfanssaythattheycompletelygetwhathemeansandthinkit’scool．ThiswayofconnectingwithyoungpeoplewithoutbeingtooseriousisonereasonwhyYuHuaislikedsomuch．AstudentwholikeshisbookssaidthatYuknowshowtotalktoyoungreadersbybeingfunnyandrelatable,evencallinghimselfa‘scruffylittledog’likeit’sabadgeofhonor．1．WhatisspecialaboutTheParisReview’sinteractionwithYuHua?A．YuHuahasbecometheirneweditor．B．ItwasthefirsttimeforaChineseauthorinaspecificsectionofthemagazine．C．YuHuawasdiscussinghisfuturebookplansinthemagazine．D．ThemagazinefeaturedYuHuaasthemostinfluentialChinesewriter．2．WhatdoweknowaboutYuHuaandhisworks?A．HeisthemostproductiveChinesewriter．B．HehaswontheNobelPrizeinLiterature．C．Hisbooksofferinsights（洞察）intohumannature．D．Hisnovelsarebasedonreal-lifestories．2．Whatis“l(fā)yingflat”inthecontextofthearticle?A．AnewtrendinChina’syounggenerationtoavoidcompetition．B．AconceptinYuHua’sstorytorepresentapassivecharacter．C．AwritingstylethatYuHuaadoptedforhisbooks．D．YuHua’sbeliefintheimportanceofrestforproductivity．4．Accordingtothearticle,whyisYuHuapopularamongyoungreaders?A．Hissupernaturalstoriesaboutafterlifeexperiences．B．Hisstrictteachingmethodinwritingandliterature．C．Hisabilitytoengagewithyouthfulaudiencesusinghumorandrelevance．D．Hisdetailedautobiographiesthatinspireyoungreaders．5．Whichstatementbestcapturesthemainideaofthearticle?A．YuHua’shumorouspersonalitymarksacontrastwithhisprofoundwriting．B．TheParisReviewhonorsYuHuaforhiscontributiontoChineseliterature．C．YuHuasharesinsightsintohispersonallifeandconnectionwithyoungreaders．D．YuHua,aChinesewriter,isgaininginternationalrecognitionforhiswork．C閱讀理解Thehumanbrainisapowerfulnaturalcomputerthathasevolvedovertensofthousandsofyears．Butwhatwouldyougetifyoucombinedthisbiologicalcomputerwitharealone?

ResearchersatIndianaUniversityBloomingtonintheUShavelinkedhumanbrain-liketissuestoanelectronicchip(芯片),whichcanperformsimplecomputertasks．Theircreation,namedBrainoware,ispartofagrowingfieldcalledbiologicalcomputingthatmightonedayoutperform(超過(guò))currentcomputers,accordingtoNature．Thebrain-liketissuestheresearchersused,alsoknownasbrainorganoids(類(lèi)器官),weren’tpartofalivingperson’sbrain．Theywere“grown”fromhumanstemcells(干細(xì)胞),whicharecapableofproducingdifferenttypesofcellsandformingbodytissues．Ittooktwomonthsforthestemcellstomatureintoanorganoid．Theresearchersthenplacedoneorganoidontoanelectronicchipwiththousandsofelectrodes(電極)．Althoughorganoidsaremuchsimplerandsmallerthananactualbrain,theyactsimilarlytohumanbrains,suchasrespondingtoelectricalsignals,whichiswhatourbraindoesallthetime．Theseresponsesleadtochangesinthebrain,whichfuelourabilitytolearn．

TotestBrainoware,theresearchersuseditforvoicerecognitionbytrainingitwith240Japaneserecordingsspokenbyeightspeakers．Theyfoundthattheorganoidreacteddifferentlytowardeachvoice．Withanaccuracyof78percent,itsuccessfullyidentifiedthespeakersbyshowingdifferentneural(神經(jīng)的)activities．

What’sspecialaboutBrainowareisthatresearcherscantakeadvantageoftheorganoid’scomplexitywithoutunderstandingitscellnetworks,accordingtoDailyMail．Inotherwords,scientistsdon’tneedtoknowexactlyhowtheorganoidworksinordertouseit．Accordingtotheresearchers’workpublishedinDecember,combiningorganoidsandelectronicchipscouldincreasethespeedandefficiencyofAIinthefuture．Also,suchmodelscanbeusedtostudyhumanbrains,accordingtoNature．UsingBrainowaretomodelandstudyneurologicaldisorders(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病),suchasAlzheimer’sdisease,isoneexample．Itcouldalsobeusedtotesttheeffectsofdifferenttreatmentsforsuchdiseases．“That’swherethepromiseis:usingthesetoonedayhopefullyreplaceanimalmodelsofthebrain,”ArtiAhluwalia,aresearcherinItaly,toldNature．1．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetissuesusedbytheresearchersfromthetext?A．Theywereartificiallyconstructed．B．Theywereharvestedfromdeadhumanbodies．C．Theyformedacompletehumanbrain．D．Theywereculturedfromspecifichumancells．

2．WhatachievementdidBrainowareaccomplishinthevoicerecognitiontest?A．Distinguishingthevoicesbetweenspeakers．B．Understandingthecontentoftherecordings．C．Showingpreferencesforsomeofthevoices．D．Correctlymatchingallthespeakerswiththeirvoices．

3．WhatmakesBrainowaredistinctive,accordingtoDailyMail?A．Noin-depthknowledgeoforganoidsisneededtouseit．B．Itscomplexityiseasytolearnandunderstand．C．Itopensupnewpossibilitiesforstudyinghumanbrains．D．Itscellnetworksareexactlythesameasthoseofhumanbrains．4．WhatdoesthelastparagraphfocusonregardingBrainoware?A．ItsinfluenceonAItechnology．B．Itscontributiontoanimalwelfare．C．Itspotentialapplications．D．Itsunderlyingproblems．D閱讀理解Gorgosaurus(戈?duì)枌?isacousinofT．rex(霸王龍)．Itlivedabout75millionyearsagoinancientAlberta,Canada．Now,afossil(化石)ofayoungGorgosaurusishelpingscientistsunderstandthedietofthistypeofdinosaurs．It’sthefirstskeleton(骨骼)ofthisdinosaurtypeeverfoundwithstomachcontents(胃內(nèi)容物)stillinside,saidTheNewYorkTimes．Whenbeinglookedatinamuseumin2010,thefossiloftheyoungGorgosauruswasfoundtohavetoebones(腳趾骨)thatbelongedtoanothertypeofdinosaur．Theywerethetoesoftwoparrot-likedinosaurscalledcaenagnathids(近頜龍科)．TheyoungGorgosaurushadeatentheirlegswhichwererichinprotein(蛋白質(zhì))．

“Thisfossilprovidesthefirstdirectevidence(證據(jù))thatyoungGorgosauruswasstillfeedingonsmalleranimalscomparedtotheadultGorgosaurus,”saidscientistDarlaZelenitskyattheUniversityofCalgary,Canada．Shesharedherfindingsinanewstudy．Gorgosaurusmaynothavebeenactively(積極地)feedingitsyoung,andtheyounghadtotakecareofthemselves,ThomasCullenfromAuburnUniversity,intheUS,toldNationalGeographic．TheyoungGorgosauruswasabout13percentofanadultGorgosaurusinsize．Boththehunteranditsprey(獵物)werelessthanoneyearold．LittledinosaurswereeasypreyforyoungGorgosaurusandT．rextopracticetheirhuntingskills．WhenGorgosaurusandT．rexgrewup,theywouldeatlargerdinosaursforfood．

InplacesinAsiaandothercontinents(大陸)wherelargeT．rexlived,medium-sizeddinosaurscouldalsobefound．However,inNorthAmerica,whereGorgosaurusandT．rexlived,medium-sizeddinosaursweregenerallyabsent．Thereasonbehindthisisthatthemedium-sizeddinosaurswereontheplateofGorgosaurusandT．rexinNorthAmerica．“HowGorgosaurusandT．rexgrewupinNorthAmericaseemsunique,”wroteNationalGeographic．

1．Fromthefossil,wecanlearnthattheGorgosaurus_____．A．diedyoungB．wasafemaleC．isanewlyfoundspeciesD．wasasmall-sizeddinosaur2．Whatdidscientistsfindfromthestomachcontents?A．Caenagnathidswerethemainfoodof

Gorgosaurus．B．AyoungGorgosauruscouldonlyhunt

smallanimals．C．Caenagnathidsdiedfromalackoffood．D．Caenagnathidsonlyatesmalleranimals．

3．Theword“prey”inParagraph4refersto_____．A．thecaenagnathidsB．theGorgosaurusC．theT．rexD．thefossil4．WhatdoweknowfromThomasCullen?A．Gorgosaurus’dietishardtoknow．B．Gorgosauruslivedalonesincechildhood．C．Gorgosaurusstartedtolearnhuntingskillsfromchildhood．

D．Gorgosauruscouldnotfightlargeanimals．5．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．T．rexwasthelastlivingdinosaurspeciesofthatperiod．B．T．rexwaspickyaboutitslivingenvironment．C．T．rexwasonlyfoundinAsiaandNorthAmerica．D．T．rexatemedium-sizeddinosaursalloverNorthAmerica．E閱讀理解（原創(chuàng)）It’sniceforsomeonetoreturnthemoneyheorshefoundtotheowner．It’salsowhatpeopleneedtodobylaw．Recently,auniversitystudentlefthersmartphoneinarestaurant．Amanlaterpickeditup．Whenthephoneownerfoundtheman,heaskedfor2,000yuanfromtheowner．Heevensaidthathewoulddeletealltheinformationonthephoneiftheownerwouldn’tgivehimthemoney．Theownercouldn’tprovidethemoney,andshedidn’thaveto．Thepolicesuggestedthattheownershouldfilealawsuit(起訴)againsttheman．AccordingtotheCivilCode(《民法典》),whenyoufindsomethingbyaccident,youmustnotkeepitasyourown．Youcaneithertelltheownertocomeandgetitifyoucanreachhimorher．Oryoucanhanditovertothepolice．Inonesituationthefindercangetmoneyfromtheowner．Bylaw,theownershouldgivebackanymoneythefinderhadtospendforsafekeeping．Theownershouldalsocoverthetravelingexpensesofthefinderwhenheorshereturnsthelostthing．Otherthanthis,thefindershouldn’taskformore

money,suchasarewardforgivingitback．Ifthefinderkeepsthelostthingsonpurpose,heorshemayfaceuptotwoyearsinprisonifthelostthingsareveryvaluable．1．Whatshouldthestudentdotogetherphoneback?A．Givetheman2,000yuan．B．Buythemananotherphone．C．Gethelpfromthelaw．D．Askforhelpfromtherestaurantowner．2．Whatshouldfindersdoiftheycannotreachowners?A．Putthethingsbackwheretheywerefound．B．Waitfortheownerstolookforthem．C．Handoverthelostthingstothepolice．D．Keepthelostthingsastheirown．3．Whencanafinderasktheownerformoney?A．Thelostthingisveryexpensive．B．Thefindergivestheownerbacktheirthings．

C．Thefinderspendsmoneytohelp．D．Theownerlosesthethingonpurpose．4．Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A．Lawsandsociety．B．Humannature．C．Universitycourses．D．Accidentandsafety．F閱讀理解Thousandsofyearsago,text(文本)appearedonanimalbonesandbamboobeforetheywerewrittenonpaper．NowancientChinesetextshavea“newcontainer(容器)”inthemodernage．

Recently,aresearchteamfromNanjingAgriculturalUniversitytogetherwithGulian,aleadingancientChinesetextpublisher,introducedalargelanguagemodelcalledXunzi．

“TraditionalChinesecharactersandtheabsence(缺失)ofpunctuationmarks(標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào))arealwaysmakingreadingtraditionaltextshard,”saidWangDongbo,wholedtheresearch,explainingwhytheymadethelargelanguagemodel．

Tocreatethismodel,WangandhispartnersdidalotofresearchonChineseclassicslikeSikuQuanshu(《四庫(kù)全書(shū)》)ortheCompleteLibraryinFourSections．“Wehadtoworkontwobillion(十億)Chinesecharactersandourworkgaveusagoodstart,”saidWang．However,itisnoeasyjob．Wangsaidtheyneedtolearntheseclassicsfirstandthenmarkthecharactersintodifferentcategories(分類(lèi)),likeadjectives(形容詞)andnouns(名詞),whichareputintothemodel．

Buttheireffortseemstobepayingoff．Now,themodelcanhelpusersunderstandandanalyze(分析)ancientChinesetexts．Forexample,whenuserstype“shangu”intothechatbox,theymaynotonlygettheinformationthat“shangu”means“valley”butalsolearnthatitcouldbeaperson’scourtesyname(字)inancientChinesetexts．

“Themodelcanhelpuslearnmoreinformationhiddeninourculturallegacy(文化遺產(chǎn))andfindunnoticed(未被注意到的)connections,”saidWang．

1．WangDongboandhisteammadethelargelanguagemodelto_____．A．figureouttheancientpunctuationmarksB．collectalltraditionalChinesecharactersC．makereadingtraditionaltextseasierD．doresearchonChineseclassics2．Creatingthislargelanguagemodelis_____．A．difficultB．meaninglessC．simpleD．quick3．TheexampleinParagraph6shows_____．A．whatthemodelcandoB．whythemodelwascreatedC．whatpeoplethinkaboutthemodelD．whatdisadvantagesthemodelhas4．AccordingtoWang,thenewmodelcanhelpus_____．A．spreadChinesetraditionalcultureB．learnancientpeople’slivesintherightwayC．learntheideasofXunzibetterD．betterunderstandourowncultureG閱讀（原創(chuàng)）InChina,there’salotofexcitementaboutbusinessesgoingtospace!Somenewcompaniesareworkinghardonrocketsthatcangotospacemorethanjustonce．Theirgoalistobeasgoodasthetopcompaniesintheworldthatdothesamething．OnDecember10,onerocketcalledSQX2Ydiditssecondtestflightanddidreallywell．ThisrocketcomesfromacompanyinBeijingcallediSpace．What’scoolaboutthisrocketisthatitusesacertainkindofgasthatisbothcheapandeasytoget．JiHaibo,theguywhoisthemainrocketcreator,saidthisflightshowstheirrocketcanflymultipletimes．Healsosaidhisteamisgettingreallygoodatsomeimportantspaceshipbuildingskills．Then,there’sanotherrocketnamedZhuque2．IthadabigmomentgoingtospaceonDecember9fromaplacecalledJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenter．ItwasthethirdtimeZhuque2successfullyflew!Andjustafewdaysbefore,onDecember5,thissameplacesawthelaunchofanotherrocketnamedCERES1,whichplacedtwonewsatellitesintheexactpathsthey’resupposedtofollow．Itwasthe11thtimefortheCERES1series．AlltheserocketflightsareproofofhowfastChina’sspacebusinessisgrowing．Thegovernment’shelphasmadeabigdifferencetoo．Backin2014,Chinadecidedtoletprivatecompaniesgetinvolvedinspacework．Thisdecisioncreatedlotsofnewspacecompanies．Now,China’sspacebusinessishuge,worthmorethanlotsofmoney(over1trillionyuan),andtherearemorethan400companiesinit．Andthereareevenmorebigplansforthefuture．ThecompanythatbuiltZhuque2hassharedplansforanewrocketcalledZhuque3．Plannedfor2025,Zhuque3willusethesamecheapgasforfuel,bemadeoutofstrongmetal,andyoucanuseitatleast20times!LiuLei,whoisinchargeofbuildingrocketenginesatLandSpace,saysthatbecausetheykeepresearchingandgettingbetter,spacecompanieshavefiguredoutgoodwaystodothingsacrossallpartsoftheirbusiness．Hethinksthiswillhelpthewholespacebusinessdoreallywellandbecomesomethingthatlotsofpeopleareinterestedin．1．WhatisthenameoftherocketthatdiditssecondtestflightonDecember10?A．SQX2YB．Zhuque2C．CERES1D．Zhuque32．WhatisuniqueaboutthegasusedfortheSQX2YandplannedZhuque3rockets?A．Itisveryexpensive．B．Itisdifficulttofind．C．Itischeapandeasilyavailable．D．Itallowsrocketstotravelfaster．3．AccordingtoLiuLei,whatwillhelpthewholespacebusinessdoreallywell?A．ResearchandimprovementbyspacecompaniesB．StrongmetalusedinrocketconstructionC．Thegovernment’shelpD．Theuseofcheapgasasfuel4．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofChina’sspaceindustry?A．Itisexpectedtodeclineduetoalackofgovernmentsupport．B．Itwillprobablyfacemanytechnicalissuesandsetbacks．C．Ithasambitiousplansandislikelytocontinuegrowing．D．Itwillshiftfocustoonlysatellitelaunchesandavoidmannedflights．5．Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?A．TheinvolvementofprivatecompaniesinspaceworkB．ThesuccessfultestflightsofChineserocketsC．PlansforfuturespacemissionsinChinaD．China’sfast-growingspacebusiness語(yǔ)法填空（原創(chuàng)）塞下曲(王昌齡)飲馬渡秋水，水寒風(fēng)似刀。平沙日未沒(méi)，黯黯見(jiàn)臨洮。昔日長(zhǎng)城戰(zhàn)，咸言意氣高。黃塵足今古，白骨亂蓬蒿。SongoftheFrontier(II)(WangChangling)Wewaterhorsesandcrossautumnstreams,Likeaswordonwaterblowsthewindcold．

Onsandyplainthesunshedspartingbeams,Inthegloomloomsthecitywallofold．BytheGreatWallwefoughtwarsintheland;Ourwarriors’fightingspiritwasatitsheight．Historyisburiedintheyellowsand;Amongtheweedsarescatteredtheboneswhite．(TranslatedbyXuYuanchong)WangChanglingwasawell-knownpoetfromtheTangDynastyinancientChina,whichwasatimewhenartandliteratureflourished．He1．___________(live)from698to756ADandwrotemanypoemsaboutthe2．_______(life)ofsoldiersandthestrugglesofwar．Inhispoem“SongoftheFrontier(II),”WangChanglingtalksaboutsoldiersduringautumn,whentheywatertheirhorsesandfeelthecoldwind．Thewind3．__________(describe)assharpasaknife,whichshowshowhardtheconditionsareforthesoldiers．Healsotalksaboutthefadingsunandtheoldcitywalls,whichcreatesakindofsadandfadingatmosphere．Thepoemreflectsonpastbattlesandthebraveryofthesoldiers4．__________wereoncefulloffightingspirit．Butnow,allthat’sleftisthedustofhistoryandthebonesofthefallensoldiersscatteredamongtheweeds．Thewhitenessofthebonesshowsthattheyhavebeenthere5．__________alongtime,forgottenbyhistory．Heusesimagery,whichmeanshecreatespicturesin6_____________(we)mindswithhiswords．Heshowsusthecoldwind,theoldwalls,andthebonesinthesand．Allofthishelpsusfeelthesadmoodofthepoem．Thepoem’smainideaisabout7____________(remember)thepast．WangChanglingseemstobesadthatthesoldierswhowereoncefullof8___________(energetic)andfoughthardarenowforgotten,theirboneslyingwiththeland．Hewantsus9___________(remember)thesesoldiersandthinkabouthow10___________(brave)theyfought．It’sawayofshowingrespectforthemandthinkingabouthistory．參考答案A閱讀理解（原創(chuàng)）【答案】BCCAB【解析】本文闡述自改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的巨大轉(zhuǎn)型以及這種轉(zhuǎn)型對(duì)人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹挠绊憽?．B文章第一句提到“今年標(biāo)志著改革開(kāi)放開(kāi)始的第45周年”，這說(shuō)明本文提及的是改革開(kāi)放45周年的紀(jì)念時(shí)刻。其他選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有在文章中提到。2．C根據(jù)第六段，Xiao的祖母年輕時(shí)用糧票（liangpiao，或稱(chēng)食品配給券）來(lái)獲取食物配額。3．C。根據(jù)第三段，XuZhenhe在1998年買(mǎi)了他的第一臺(tái)日本相機(jī)，并提到當(dāng)時(shí)只能在特定的商店買(mǎi)到這樣的進(jìn)口攝影器材且相機(jī)使用膠卷，因此我們可以推斷那時(shí)進(jìn)口攝影器材不那么常見(jiàn)，購(gòu)買(mǎi)點(diǎn)有限。4，B從HuangKunrong分享的她年輕時(shí)的經(jīng)歷，我們可以推斷出食物是有限的，并且必須使用糧票進(jìn)行配給，基本食物有時(shí)也是稀缺的。她提到有時(shí)人們沒(méi)有足夠的大米吃，所以只能吃?xún)?chǔ)存的粗糧，如甘薯。5．B：文章主旨是闡述自改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的巨大轉(zhuǎn)型以及這種轉(zhuǎn)型對(duì)人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹挠绊?。文章開(kāi)頭提到改革開(kāi)放45周年，并提供了中國(guó)