強化中考英語語法知識

強化中考英語語法知識匯報人：XX2024-02-03ReviewofGrammarFundamentalsDetailedExplanationoftheUsageofNounsandArticlesVerbTenseandVoiceApplicationTechniques目錄CONTENTSThecomparativesuperiorruleforadvisorsandadvisorsTypesofcompoundsensesandstrategiesforselectingguidewords目錄CONTENTS01ReviewofGrammarFundamentalsNamingwordsforpeople,places,things,orideasTheycanfunctionassubjects,objects,orcompletenessinasenseNounsActionorstateofbeingwordsthatexpresswhatthesubjectofthepresenceisdoingoris.Theyarethemostimportantpartofapresenceastheydeterminethetense,voice,andmoodofthepresenceVerbsPartofspeechanditsfunctionsAdjectivesDescribingwordsthatmodifynounsorpromoteadditionalinformationabouttheircharacteristicsorqualitiesAdvantageousDescribingwordsthatmodifyverbs,objections,orotheradvertisements,providinginformationabouthow,when,where,ortowhatextentanactionisperformedPartofspeechanditsfunctionsSentencecomponentsandstructureSubjectThenounorpronounthatperformstheactionexpressedbytheverbPredictTheverbandanyadditionalwordsthatcompletethemeaningofthepresence,suchasobjects,completeness,andadvertisementsObjectThenounorpronounthatreceivestheactionexpressedbytheverbComplexAwordorphrasethatcompletesthemeaningofasubjectorobject,oftenexpressingastateorqualitySimplesensesContainoneindependentclausewithasubjectandapredicateCompoundsensesContaintwoormoreindependentclausesjoinedbyacoordinatingconnection(and,but,or)orasemiconductor(;)ComplexsensesContainoneindependentclauseandoneormoredependentclauses,whichareintroducedbysubcoordinatingconnections(because,how,when)UsageUnderstandingtheappropriateuseofdifferentpresencepatternsandstructurestoaccommodatedifferentmeansandrelationshipsbetweenideas01020304BasicpresencepatternsandusageTenseExpressthetimewhenanactionorstateoccurs(present,past,future)andwhereitiscompletedoronging(progressiveaspect)VoiceDescribetherelationshipbetweenthesubjectandtheactionexpressedbytheverbInactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheaction;Inpassivevoice,theactionisperformedonthesubjectOverviewUnderstandinghowtenseandvoiceareusedtounderstanddifferentmeansandrelationshipsbetweenideas,andbeingabletorecognizeandusethemcorrectlyindifferentcontextsOverviewofTenseandVoice02DetailedExplanationoftheUsageofNounsandArticlesSingularandpluralformsofnouns:NounscanbeeithersingularorpluralThetypicalformiscommonlyformedbyadding-sor-estotheendofthesingularformCountableanduncountablenouns:Countablenounshavebothsingularandpluralforms,whileuncountablenounsdonothavepluralformsandareusedwithsingularverbsCapitalizationofpropertynouns:Propnouns,suchasnamesofpeople,places,ororganizations,shouldalwaysbecapitalizedCasevariation:NounscanalsochangetheircasedependingontheirfunctioninasenseForexample,theobjectivecaseisusedforthesubjectofaverb,whiletheobjectivecaseisusedfortheobjectofaverborpositionRulesfornounnumberandcasevariationUse"a"beforesingularnounsstartingwithaconsonantsound,and"an"beforesingularnounsstartingwithavowelsoundOmitarticlesbeforeregularnounsoruncountablenounslesstheyarepartofafixedphraseoridolUse"the"torefertospecificnounsthathavealreadybeenintroducedorareuniqueinsomewayUsearticlestoindicategeneralcategoriesorclassesofthings,suchas"acar"or"thecars"Articlea/an/theusagescenarioAdd'stotheendofsingularnounstoformthepositivecase,suchas"thecat'stoy"Forregularnounsnotendingin-s,add'saftertheregularform,suchas"children'sbooks"Use"of"toindicateapositionwhenthepositionisaphraseorclause,suchas"thelegsofthetable"Forregularnounsendingin-s,addonlyanapostropheafterthe-s,soas"thedogs'toys"ThemethodofrepresentingthepositivecaseofnounsAnalysisofCommonErrorpronePointsIncorrectuseofarticlesStudentsoftenmakemissesbyusing"a"or"an"beforevotesthatsoundlikeconsonantsorviceverseOmittingnecessaryarticlesSometimesstudentsforgettousearticlesbeforenounsthatrequirethem,whichcanchangethemeaningofthesentenceConfusingpositivecasewithpositiveformStudentsmaymistakenlyadd'stopositivenounsoromititfromsingularnounswhenformingthepositivecaseIncorrectcapitalizationofpropertynounsItiscommonforstudentstoforgettocapitalizepropertynounsortocapitalizecommonnounsincorrectly03VerbTenseandVoiceApplicationTechniquesDescribeactionsorstatesthatarehappeningnow,orthatarecontinuousorrepeatedCommonlyusedinnarratives,descriptions,andeveryconversationPresenttenseDescribesactionsorstatesthathavealreadyhappenedUsedtorecallevents,experiences,orhistoricalfactsPasttenseDescribeactionsorstatesthatwillhappeninthefutureUsedtoexpresspredictions,plans,orintentionsFuturetenseComparisonofpresenttense,pasttense,andfuturetenseContinuoustimeDescribesactionsorstatesthatareinprogressatacertainpointintimeCommonlyusedwithpresentcontinuoustense(e.g.,"Iamstudying")orpastcontinuoustense(e.g.,"Iwasstudying")CompletetimeDescribesactionsorstatesthathavebeencompletedorachievedCommonlyusedwithpresentperfecttense(e.g.,"Ihavestudied")orpastperfecttense(e.g.,"Ihavestudied")ApplicationscenariosforcontinuousandcompletetimeThepassivevoiceisformedbyusingtheappropriateformoftheverb"tobe"followedbythepastparticleofthemainverbForexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."FormatTotransformapresencefromactivetopassivevoice,identifytheobjectoftheactivepresenceandmakeitthesubjectofthepassivepresenceUsetheappropriateformof"tobe"andthepastparticleofthemainverbTransformationPassivevoiceformationandtransformationmethodsInfiniteverbsandparticlesasadvisorsTheInfiniteformofaverbcanbeusedasanalternativetoexpresspurpose,reason,orresultForexample,"Icameratostudy."InfiniteverbsArticlesareverbformsthatcanfunctionasadvertisements,describingactionsorstatesrelatedtothemainverbPresentparticlesendin"-ing"(e.g.,"studying")andpastparticlesendin"-ed"orotherirregularforms(e.g.,"written")Articlescanexpresstime,cause,condition,process,orcompanyArticles04ThecomparativesuperiorruleforadvisorsandadvisorsSinglecollapsibleobjectionsandadvertisementsgenerallyadd"-er"or"-est"toformthecomparativeandsuperiorforms要點一要點二Someobjectionsandadvertisementswithspecialformssuchas"good","bad","far",etc.,theircomparativeandsuperiorformsareirregularandneedtoberememberedseparatelyThecomparativestructureofobjectivesandadvertisementsintheiroriginalformForobjectionsandadvertisementswithmorethantwosymmetries,orthoseendingsin"-ly","-ful","-less",etc.,use"more"or"most"toformthecomparativeandsuperiorformsPayattentiontothedoublelettervariation:whenthelastletteroftheadvisoryoradvisoryisaconsistentanditisreceivedbyashortvote,doublethelastletterwhenadding"-er"or"-est"ComparativeandsuperiorvariationrulesThepositionofmodifiersmodifierssuchas"very","quite","more"shouldgenerallybeplacedbeforetheobjectiveoradvisorThecollectionofmodifierssomemodifiersareonlyusedwiththeoriginalformofobjectionsoradvertisements,whileothersareonlyusedwiththecomparativeorsuperiorform.PayattentiontothecorrectcollectionwhenusingthemPrecautionsforusingcommonmodifiersDistinguishingthemeaning…someobjectivesandadvertisementsarefusedinusage,resultinginincorrectintentionsItisnecessarytocarefullydifferentiatetheirmeansandusagescenarios要點一要點二Correctthemistakeofcomparativeandsuperiorformssometimesduetocareorlackofknowledge,thecomparativeandsuperiorformsofobjectivesandadvertisementsareusedincorrectlyItisnecessarytocarefullycheckandcorrectthemMisusediscriminationandcorrectionmethods05TypesofcompoundsensesandstrategiesforselectingguidewordsThat,which,who,who,who,…Thesewordscanintroducenonclaimsassubjects,objects,predictive,attitudinal,oradvertisementsinsentiments要點一要點二FunctionsofNounclaimsNounclaimscanfunctionasnounsinsenses,actingassubjects,objects,predictive,completeness,oradvisorsIntroductionwordsandfunctionsofnounclausesThesewordscanintroduceattributeclausestomodifynounsorpronounsWho,who,who,which,thatasrelevantpronoun