初中英語賓語從句 省賽一等獎(jiǎng)

ObjectClause賓語從句

什么是賓語從句？We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是用一個(gè)句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語

主s謂v賓o簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句二、賓語從句三要素連接詞時(shí)態(tài)語序（一）連接詞1.that2.whether/if3.連接代詞whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.

連接副詞whenwhywherehow。由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候，無論主句什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略4.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.5.Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1、Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.2、Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.3.Askhim__________________.（他是否能來）4.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornotIf與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whether由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句whenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislatewhocouldanswerthequestion1.Heasked__________________________.(誰能回答這個(gè)問題）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他們?cè)诘日l）3.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我們什么時(shí)候開會(huì)）4.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪兒）5.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我該怎么去車站）6.Wouldyoutellme_________________（為什么火車遲到了）

whomtheyarewaitingforDannysaysthathewilllearnEnglish.

Doyouknowwherehecamefrom?

PleasetellmehowIcangettothebusstation.（二）.賓語從句的語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。

當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。（三）.賓語從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)三、賓語從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換（一）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.

→I

hopetoreceiveyoure-mail_______________________.(二）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(2)Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.

→Shedoesn’tknow________________.(三）當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是ask,tell,show,teach等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(3)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?

→Willyoupleaseshowme___________________.(四）當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(4)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.whattodonexthowtoworkitout四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時(shí)，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時(shí)，要特別小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問句的主語由賓語從句的主語充當(dāng)。例7，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時(shí)，則附加問句的主語由主句的主語充當(dāng)。hashedidn’the1.Didyouunderstand___?

A.whatshesaidB.whattosayC.whatdidshesaidD.howshehadsaid2.whocantellus___aboutoverthere?

A.whattheytalkB.whataretalkingC.whatdotheytalkD.whattheyaretalking3.Thegirlisthinkingabout___shewillgoabroadtostudyEnglishnextyear.

A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.when4.theteachersaidthat___.

A.thesunmovesaroundtheearthB.theearthmovedaroundthesunC.themoonisoursatelliteD.themoonwasoursatellite5.Idon’tknowwhenhe__back,Pleasetellhimthenewswhenhe___back.

A.come;willcomeB.comes;comesc.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcomeABCCc6.Idon’tknowifhisuncle____.Ithinkhe___ifheisfree.

A.willcome;comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comescomesD.comes;willcome7.Thereisnotmuchdifferentbetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.

A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchoseD.whatIchoose8.Nooneknows____.

A.whichgatewehavetogoB.whichgatewemustgoC.whichgatedowehavetogotoD.whichgatewehavetogotoBBD9．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive10.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB12．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

C11.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere

C13Thegirlsaskedifthey____somef