2021-2022學(xué)年山東省泰安市肥城第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高一（下）期末英語試卷（附答案詳解）

=2021-2022學(xué)年山東省泰安市肥城第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高一（下）

期末英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

IfyouwanttobringyourcatalongonaweekendbreaksomewhereintheUK,wherearethe

bestplacestogo?

TheRedcoatsFarmhouseHotel,Hitchin

TheRedcoatsFarmhouseHoteloffershome-cookedfoodandcomfortablebedrooms.The

historiccountryhouseissetinfouracresofgardens,withscenicviewsacrossHertfordshire's

countryside.Smallpetsareallowed,butmakesuretheyarewell-behaved.Andtheyarenot

allowedonthebeds.Iftheycauseanyextradamageormess,likemud,thentherewillbeanextra

charge.

TheTiggersCottage,Berkshire

TheTiggersisabeautiful,180-year-old,blackandwhiteTudorcottagelocatedwithina

moment'swalkofprettyBrayHighStreetwithlovelyviewsoverthegardens.Yourcatwill

lovethecoalfireplaceandtheowner'stwopetdogs,SambucaandTruffle,arealwaysonhandto

joinyouforawalkifyourcatwouldratherenjoytheenclosedgarden.

TheJackRusselInn,Andover

TheJackRussellInnwelcomesallformsoffour-leggedfriends.Withnaturalbeautyand

wildlifeinthesuiToundingareas,thislovelyplacealsoofferslocalfoodthatcelebratesgreat

Britishproduce.Nottomentionthewarmunderfloorheatingyouandyourcatwillwanttorest

on.

TheRoastOxInn,Wales

LocatedinPainscastle,Wales,thiscat-friendlyInnofferswonderfulsightsofnatural

beauty,fromrivers,forestsandmountains,tonearbymarkettowns.Thehoteloffersbedrooms

withsuper-kingsizedbeds,andacatMichael,theowner'spet,whoisalwaysonhandto

welcomeguests.

Clickheretobookastay.

1.WhatdoTheTiggersCottageandTheRoastOxInnhaveincommon?

A.Theybothhavealonghistory.

B.Thelargebedroomsareprovided.

C.Theyarebothnearthemarkettowns.

D.Theowners1petsarefriendlytoguests.

2.Whichplaceoffersagoodheatingsystem?

A.TheRoastOxInn.B.TheTiggersCottage.

C.TheJackRusselInn.D.TheRedcoatsFarmhouseHotel.

3.Wherecanreadersfindthistext?

A.Fromalocalmagazine.B.Fromatravelbook.

C.Fromanewspaper.D.Fromawebpage.

JessicaLong,fromBaltimore,Maryland,USAisachampionbyalldefinitionsoftheword.She

isoneoftheworld'smostdecoratedswimmers.Jessicawastheyoungestathletetowina

Paralympics（殘奧會(huì)）medal.Butherpathtobecomingachampionhasbeenanythingbut

easy.

JessicawasborninIrkutsk,Russiawithasevereandraredisease-fibularhemimelia（腓側(cè)半

肢畸形）.Thismeansthatpartofherlegboneswasmissingorabnormal.Becauseofthat,her

youngmotherplacedherinaRussianorphanage（孤兒院）,fearingshecouldnotcarefor

Jessica.

Fortunately,shewasadoptedbyanAmericanfamilywhenshewas13monthsold.Sherequired

25differentsurgeriestohelpherlegcondition.Butunfortunately,bothofherlegshadtobe

removedwhenshewasjust18monthsold.Jessicalearnedtowalkwithartificiallegs.Asa

child,shetooktosportsincludinggymnastics,cheerleading,iceskating,bikingandrock

climbing.

Shebeganswimmingathergrandparents'housewhenshewas6.Shestartedcompetitive

swimmingabout4yearslater.Shedidreallywellinswimming.Shortlyaftershestarted

competing,JessicawasselectedasMaryland'sFemaleSwimmeroftheYearwitha

Disability.EventhoughJessicawasannoyedwithherphysicallimitations,shewasencouraged

toenterherfirstParalympicGamesinAthens,Greece.Shewonthreegoldmedalsinswimming

at12!Butshedidnotrestonhersuccess.

Jessicahasgoneontowin23medalsforTeamUSAattheParalympics!Whileshebeganher

careeroutofangerandannoyance,shenowhasapositiveforceonamissiontoinspirethenext

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generationofParalympians!Herattitudeandgrowthhavebeenkeystohersuccess.Jessica

alwaysbelievedshecoulddoanything.Asshesays,"Theonlydisabilityinlifeisanegative

attitude."

4.WhathappenedtoJessicawhenshewasababy?

A.Shewasabandonedinthewild.

B.Shehad25operationsonherleg.

C.Shehadherlegscutbecauseofadisease.

D.ShewasadoptedbyaRussianfamily.

5.WhendidJessicabegintoreceiveprofessionalswimmingtraining?

A.Attheageof4.B.Attheageof6.

C.Attheageof10.D.Attheageof12.

6.WhatcanweinferaboutJessicafromthetext?

A.ShewastheyoungestathleteinUShistory.

B.ShehassetagoodexampletoParalympians.

C.Shehaswon23goldmedalsinParalympics.

D.ShetookpartinseveralsportsinParalympics.

7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?

A.Difficultthefirsttime,easythesecond.

B.Neverhitamanwhenheisdown.

C.Acommondangercausescommonaction.

D.Nothingisimpossibletoadeterminedheart.

c

Theendofasemestercanbeachallengingtimeforstudents.Kidsfromelementaryschool

throughhighschoolarealreadystressedaftermorethanayearofCOVID-19disrupted

learning.Pressingthroughthelastfewweeksofasemestercanbediscouraging,especiallyfor

olderstudentswithdemandingfinalprojectsandexams.

"Parents*fearsabouttheirkidsaresooftennotaboutthepresentbutthefuture-afearthatkids

whoarestrugglingwillgetstuckthere.Butkidsrarelystaystuck,inpartbecausetheytoowant

theirlivestoworkout,1'saysNedJohnson,atestpreparationexpert.Whenchildrenshowsigns

ofstress,parentsshouldrespondbyfocusingonmentalhealth,notachievementorgrades.

Familiescancreateasenseofsafetyforchildrenbyestablishingroutinesforthedayand

week,especiallythosethatemphasizeconnection,suchasfamilydinnertimeandabedtime

chat.Parentsshouldmeetkidswithempathyandlistening,insteadoftryingtosolvetheir

problems.Forexample,wecannormalizefamilyconversationabouttheupsanddownsofthe

day.AsMadelineLevine,apsychologist,putit：letyourchildren"borrowyourcalm".

Inaddition,peersupportprogramscanalsoplayanimportantroleinteachingskillsforstress

managementandwellness."Teenswilltalktootherteens,especiallywhentheyfeeltheyarein

abravespacebuiltontrust/'KatieHurley,apsychotherapistsays.

Somechildrenmayarriveatthefinishlineexhaustedandneedingsleep.Orperhapstheyare

eagertocelebratetheholidayswithalltheusualfanfare.Honoryourchild'swishesandplanto

createthebreakthatfitsyourfamily'sneeds.McKennaReitz,amomfromToledo,Ohio,plans

forherdaughtersKarsen,9,andMaddox,6,toenjoytimeoffwithfamilyandfriends.Her

holidayplanapparentlyreflects."Itisthemostimportantthingtheyneedrightnow,'1shesays.

"Ourchildrenneedtoknowthattheyarenotalone.1'

8.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?

A.Childrenarestrugglinginstudyinthepresentsituation.

B.Children'sfocusingongradesmakesthemstaystuckinlearning.

C.Parentsstaystuckinmakingtheirchildrenlivetoworkout.

D.Parents'fearaboutchildrengettingstuckinstudyisunnecessary.

9.WhydoestheauthormentionMadelineLevine?

A.Toaskparentstostaycalmbeforetheirkids.

B.Toshowthenecessityoftalkingtokidsbeforetests.

C.TomakeparentsletgooftheirkidsduringCOVID-19.

D.Tostresstheimportanceofthehelpfromtheexperts.

10.Whatdoes"that"inParagraph5referto?

A.Stayingwithkidsinholidays.

B.Respectingtheneedsofkids.

C.Helpingkidscelebrateholidays.

D.Keepingexhaustedkidshappy.

11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshow?

A.Parentsshouldhelpkidstopreparetheirtests.

B.Parentsshouldkeepaclosereyesonkidsstudy.

C.Parentsshouldconnecttheirkidsmorewithnature.

D.Parentsshouldletkidstakeabreakfromschoolstress.

第4頁，共22頁

D

IfyoupicnicinaTexaspark,chancesareyou'llencounterfireants-akindofpestthatcan

deliverpainfulbites.Thisinvasive（入侵的）species,likemanyothers,isnotonlyannoying

butalsodestructive.

Aninvasivespeciesisanykindoflivingthingthatisn'tnativetoanecosystemandcauses

harm.Sometimesnon-nativespeciesareimportedbyaccident,likeinthe1930swhenships

fromSouthAmericatookfireantstoNorthAmerica.Othertimesnon-nativespeciesare

importeddeliberately.SometypesofAsianfishthatwereoriginallyimportedtotheU.S.from

Chinatocleanfishfarmsescapedandenteredrivers.GreeniguanaswerebroughttoChina,as

pets,butirresponsibleownersreleasedthem.

Non-nativespecieshaveevenbeenimportedforemotionalreasons.Amanoncereleased

dozensofEuropeanstarlings（哥）inNewYorkinanefforttobringallthebirdsmentioned

inShakespeare'swritingstoAmerica.Today,millionsofstarlingscauseover$800millionin

damagetoU.S.agricultureeveryyear.Invasivespecies'globaleconomicinfluenceisalso

enormous.TheU.S.governmentassessesthatinvasivespeciescosttheAmericaneconomyover

$120billioneveryyear.

Invasivespeciescandamagetheirhosthabitatsbyunbalancinglocalecosystems.Theyoften

lacknaturalenemiesintheirnewenvironmentandout-competenativespeciesforfoodand

otherresources.Theyalsomightfeedonlocalspecies.Invasivespeciescanalsocarrydiseases

forwhichlocalspecieshavenoimmunity（免疫力）.Thiscanresultinthelossofanentire

nativespecies.

Invasivespeciesareamongtheleadingthreatstonativewildlife.About42%ofthreatenedor

endangeredspeciesareatriskduetoinvasivespecies.Unlesspeopletakeseriousaction,the

economicandenvironmentalcostsofinvasivespecieswillbecomedisastrous.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inadvertently"meaninparagraph2?

A.Separately.B.Regularly.C.Temporarily.D.Unexpectedly.

13.WhydidthemanbringstarlingstoAmerica?

A.Tosatisfyhiswish.

B.Toraisethemaspets.

C.TocopyShakespeare'sbehavior.

D.Todoagriculturalexperiments.

14.Whatconsequencedoinvasivespeciesbring?

A.Foodshortagefornativepeople.

B.Seriouseconomicimbalance.

C.Economicandenvironmentalproblems.

D.Dangerousdiseasesforhumans.

15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WildlifeConservation.

B.ProtectingNativeSpecies.

C.EnvironmentalProtectionMeasures.

D.OurUnwelcomeGuests.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

Doyoufindyourselftakinganap(打噸)atyourdesk,evenafterwhatyouthoughtwasagood

night'srest?Thenyouprobablyhavethesamequestionassomanyothers：HowmuchdoI

needtosleep?(1).ThisisputforwardbyDr.RajDasgupta,anassistantprofessorattheKeck

SchoolofMedicineoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.However,hereareafewwaysto

improveyoursleep.Sticktoabedtimeroutine.(2).Youcanevenkeepajournaltonotedown

thesesleeptimesandhowoftenyouwakeupatnight,saidDasgupta.Bydoingthisyoucanhave

anideaofwhatworksforyou.Besides,youshouldalsomakesureyourroomisdark,cooland

comfortablewhenyougotosleep.

Turnofftheelectronicdevices.Dothisasearlyaspossiblebeforebed.(3)."Particularlyifyou

areaimingtofallasleepearlier,it*simportanttoexposeyourselftobrightnaturallightasearly

aspossibleintheday,andtolimitexposuretolightinthehoursbeforebedtime,"shesaid.

''Electronicdevicesmimic(模仿)manyofthewavelengthsinsunlightthatcueyourbodyto

stayawake."

(4).Dasgupta'srecentstudyshowedthatfocusingattentiontrainingcouldalsohelpchildren

sleepoveranhourmorepernight.Theycantakebreathingexercisesandyoga,forexample.

Setgoodfoodandexercisehabits.Finally,eatinghealthilyandkeepingadailyfitnessroutine

cansupportbettersleepatnight.n(5),"hesaid."Exerciserelievesstress.ltalsohelpsbuildup

yourdrivetosleepatnight.”

A.Tryfocusingattentiontechniques

第6頁，共22頁

B.Theanswerisnotsostraightforward

C.Seektogettrainingofsomerelaxingexercises

D.Youshouldbeconsistentwithexerciseduringtheday

E.Lightexposurecanaffectyourbody*ssleep-wakecycle

F.Therewillbeanewelectronicdeviceonthemarketsoon

G.Itisgreattogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Recently,mymotherexperiencedasurgery.ltwasconductedto(21)avalve(心臟瓣膜)inher

heart,whichcouldn'tfunctionwelLDuringthefirstcoupleofdays,mydadwastellingmeonthe

phonehowwonderfulthenurseswereintheICUandhowthey(22)mymom.Theydid

everythingneededtomakesureshewas(23)atalltimes.

Itoldhimitwouldbegreatifwecouldthinkofa(n)(24)4waytoshowourthanks.Inthe

wholeprocessof(25)amajorsurgery,thenursesareoftenthepeoplewhoget(26)themostand

aren'tthankedenoughforthecaretheygivetoeachpatient.Mydadhada(n)(27)thatwe

couldbringalongsomechocolatesforthem.ButIsaiditwastoocommon.

WhenfinallyIarrivedatthehospitaljhadthe(28)tomeetthesekindpeople,whomydadhad

toldmehadspentalmost36hourscaringformymom(29)overthepast3days!Icameupwith

agoodideaandIthinktheyreally(30)it.

Whenmymomrecoveredwellandwas⑶)toleavethehospital,wehandedthemthesilk

banner(錦旗)Ihadbeenmakingfor2days.Theywereallshockedandthankedus.ButIsaid

itwaswethatshould(32)thewonderfulcaretheyprovidedtomymom.

Nursesreallyarethetrue(33)oftheprocessofrecovery.ltwassonicethatthis(34)presented

uswithauniquechancetothankthemdirectlyfortheir(35)toothers.

21.A.repairB.addC.removeD.shut

22.A.metwithB.operatedonC.lookedintoD.tendedto

23.A.activeB.pleasedC.comfortableD.strong

24.A.efficientB.extraC.specialD.exact

25.A.appointingB.performingC.organizingD.approving

26.A.ignoredB.exhaustedC.recognizedD.prepared

27.A.doubtB.decisionC.agreementD.idea

28.A.attemptB.chanceC.courageD.luck

29.A.consideratelyB.frequentlyC.occasionallyD.individually

30.A.makeB.enjoyC.needD.deserve

31.A.orderedB.permittedC.convincedD.delayed

32.A.witnessB.shareC.appreciateD.understand

33.A.monitorsB.heroesC.providersD.experts

34.A.resultB.realityC.difficultyD.situation

35.A.serviceB.sacrificeC.guidanceD.promise

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.RisingsealevelsarethreateningcoastlinesinChina,forexamplein(I)(city)suchas

Shanghai,TianjinandGuangzhou.Ifsealevelsrisebyonemeter,morethan92,000square

kilometersofChina*scoastcouldbeflooded.Thiscouldpotentiallyforce67million

people(2)(move)away.Almosttwo-thirdsoftheiceinAsia'sglaciers(冰〃I)could

disappearifaverageglobaltemperaturerisesbeyond1.5℃bytheendofthecentury.If

thathappens,theimpacts(3)Chinawillbefeltinmultipleareas,fromwateravailability,to

agriculture,andtobiodiversity.

Thegoodnewsis(4)Chinaisbecomingagloballeaderonclimateaction.For

example,overthelastfiveyears,China⑸(use)moresolarandwindenergythanany

othercountryintheworld.Chinaisalsothelargestcleanenergyinvestorintheworld—_(6)

(spend)some$130billioninnewenergyinrecentyears.

Thedevelopmentofelectricvehiclesisparticularly⑺(inspire)inChina.Morethan

50percentofelectricvehiclesintheworld(8)(sell)inChinaeveryyear.AndChinais

第8頁，共22頁

nowaworldleaderinthe⑼(promote)ofcleanenergytechnologies.Ecological

civilizationhasbecomethecornerstone(基石)ofChina'slong-termdevelopment

strategy,muchlikeclimateactionis(10)importantpartofthe17Sustainable

DevelopmentGoals.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是育才中學(xué)的學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。學(xué)校計(jì)劃在下周五上午9點(diǎn)在報(bào)告廳舉行關(guān)

于英國餐桌禮儀的講座。外教Richard即將結(jié)束探親并于下周一返回中國。請(qǐng)你用

英文寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他做主講人，并告知相關(guān)情況。內(nèi)容包括：

1.提出邀請(qǐng)；

2.告知講座的內(nèi)容、時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)；

3.表達(dá)關(guān)心與期待。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：報(bào)告廳lecturehall餐桌禮儀tablemanners

DearRichard,

Yours,

LiHua

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Weallgothroughupsanddownsinlife.Butfamilylovewillopenanotherdoorandhelpus

achieveourdreams.

Mydaughter,Bekah,calledmefromsoccerpractice."Mom,IthinkIdiditagain!"she

said,crying."Mykneesnapped（斷裂）justlikelasttime,andIfellonthefield.Thiscan'tbe

happening!1'

Bekahwasaseniorinhighschool.Herdreamwastoplaysoccerincollege.Shehadsuffereda

severekneeinjuryoneyearearlierandbattledbackfromsurgery.Herdoctorshadcalledhera

modelpatientanddeclaredherreadytoplay.Gettingbackonthefieldhadbeenagiftduringthe

pandemicasteenseverywherestruggledwithlonelinessandthelossofroutines.

Bekahwasright.Howcouldthisbehappening?

"FmcomingasfastasIcan,"Isaid."Don'tfeartheworst."Mywordswereasmuchformeas

theywereformydaughter.Bekah*sinjuryhadbeenahugeparentingchallengeformy

husband,herbrotherCory,andme.

Bekah'srecoveryhadbeenablessing.Shehadrecoveredfasterandstrongerthandoctors

predicted.Lookingforwardtothepossibilityofplayinginthefallhadkepthergoingthrough

theearlymonthsofCOVIDlockdown.

Bekahwasdistraught（心煩意舌L的）whenIgottothefield."IjustknowIreinjuredit,nshe

said."Ithurtssobad!Fllbeoutthewholeseason.Iwon'tmakeacollegeteam.Momjt'sover!"I

wanttosaysomecomfortingwords,butBekahjuststaredstraightaheadwithdesperate

expression.

Thedoctordidn'tsoundencouragingaboutareturntosoccerbuttherewasstillaslim

chance.Shedisappearedintoherbedroomassoonaswereturnedhome.Allthecomfortfrom

myhusbandandIwasgreetedwithsilence.Sheholedupinherroomandbecamelowin

spirits.Sheevenstoppedsinging,somethingshe'dalwaysdonewhenabsorbedinsomethingshe

loved.Ifelthelpless.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

SinceshewasoftenmoreopenwithCory,overthefollowingmonths,Coryaccompaniedher

throughthehardtimes.

Onthegraduationceremony,!watchedproudlyasBekahmarchedtothestageandbeganher

speech.

第10頁，共22頁

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、C、D

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段

Yourcatwilllovethecoalfireplaceandtheowner'stwopetdogs,SambucaandTruffle,areal

waysonhandtojoinyouforawalkifyourcatwouldratherenjoytheenclosedgarden.（你的

貓會(huì)喜歡煤壁爐，如果你的貓更喜歡封閉的花園，主人的兩只寵物狗Sambuca和Truffle

會(huì)隨時(shí)陪你散步）以及倒數(shù)第二段

Thehoteloffersbedroomswithsuper-kingsizedbeds,andacatMichael,theowner'spet,whoi

salwaysonhandtowelcomeguests.（酒店提供有特大號(hào)床的臥室，還有一只主人的寵物

貓邁克爾，它總是隨時(shí)歡迎客人）可知，TheTiggersCottage店主的兩只寵物狗Sambuca

和Truffle隨時(shí)都會(huì)陪你散步；TheRoastOxInn店主的寵物貓Michael總是隨時(shí)歡迎客

人的到來，由此可知，這兩家店的共同之處是店主的寵物對(duì)客人們都很友好。故選D

項(xiàng)。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段

Nottomentionthewarmunderfloorheatingyouandyourcatwillwanttoreston.（更不用說

你和你的貓想要在上面休息的溫暖的地暖了）可知，在TheJackRusselInn,你和你的貓

會(huì)想要躺在溫暖的地板上休息，即TheJackRusselInn的供暖系統(tǒng)很好。故選C項(xiàng)。

（3）D.文章出處題。根據(jù)最后一段Clickheretobookastay.（單擊此處預(yù)訂住宿）可知，

讀者可以點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)頁預(yù)定住宿，所以讀者會(huì)在網(wǎng)頁上看到這篇文章。故選D項(xiàng)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了在英國周末休息時(shí)可以帶貓去的四個(gè)好去處。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

4~7.【答案】C、C、B、D

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的

JessicawasborninIrkutsk,Russiawithasevereandraredisease—fibularhemimelia（腓側(cè)

半肢畸形）.（杰西卡出生于俄羅斯伊爾庫茨克，患有一種嚴(yán)重而罕見的疾病一一腓側(cè)

半肢畸形）和第三段中的

Butunfortunately,bothofherlegshadtoberemovedwhenshewasjust18monthsold.（但

不幸的是，在她18個(gè)月大的時(shí)候，她的雙腿都被切除了）可知，在她18個(gè)月大的時(shí)候，

Jessica的雙腿因患病被截肢了。故選C項(xiàng)。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的

Shebeganswimmingathergrandparents'housewhenshewas6.Shestartedcompetitiveswi

miningabout4yearslater.（她6歲時(shí)開始在祖父母家游泳。大約4年后，她開始了競(jìng)技

游泳）可知，競(jìng)技游泳需要接受專業(yè)游泳訓(xùn)練，Jessica是在10歲時(shí)開始接受專業(yè)游泳

訓(xùn)練的。故選C項(xiàng)。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的

Whileshebeganhercareeroutofangerandannoyance,shenowhasapositiveforceonamis

siontoinspirethenextgenerationofParalympians!（雖然她出于憤怒和煩惱開始了自己的

職業(yè)生涯，但她現(xiàn)在在激勵(lì)下一代殘奧會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的使命上擁有了積極的力量！）可知，

Jessica的事跡鼓舞著一代又一代的殘奧運(yùn)動(dòng)員們。由此可推知，Jessica是殘奧運(yùn)動(dòng)員們

的榜樣。故選B項(xiàng)。

（4）D.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了JessicaLong盡管雙腿被截肢，但她永

不言棄，在殘奧會(huì)中贏得了游泳金牌的故事。由此可推知，作者想通過本文告訴我們，

世上無難事，只怕有心人（Nothingisimpossibletoadeterminedheart.）。故選D項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了殘疾女孩JessicaLong克服身體限制努力奮斗的故事。

做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

8~11.【答案】D、A、B、D

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段

"Parents'fearsabouttheirkidsaresooftennotaboutthepresentbutthefuture—afearthatk

idswhoarestrugglingwillgetstuckthere.Butkidsrarelystaystuck,inpartbecausetheytoo

wanttheirlivestoworkout,"saysNedJohnson,atestpreparationexpert.Whenchildrenshow

signsofstress,parentsshouldrespondbyfocusingonmentalhealth,notachievementorgrade

s.（"父母對(duì)孩子的擔(dān)憂往往不是針對(duì)現(xiàn)在，而是針對(duì)未來一一他們擔(dān)心正在掙扎的孩子

會(huì)陷入困境。但孩子們很少會(huì)停滯不前，部分原因是他們也希望自己的生活一帆風(fēng)順，

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“備考專家NedJohnson說。當(dāng)孩子表現(xiàn)出壓力跡象時(shí)，父母應(yīng)該關(guān)注心理健康，而不是

成績(jī)或分?jǐn)?shù)。）可知，父母擔(dān)心孩子陷入學(xué)習(xí)困境是沒有必要的。故選D。

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

Familiescancreateasenseofsafetyforchildrenbyestablishingroutinesforthedayandwee

k,especiallythosethatemphasizeconnection,suchasfamilydinnertimeandabedtimechat.Pa

rentsshouldmeetkidswilhempathyandlistening,insteadoftryingtosolvetheirproblems.Fo

rexample,wecannormalizefamilyconversationabouttheupsanddownsoftheday.AsMad

elineLevine,apsychologist,pulit：letyourchildren"bonowyourcalm".（家庭可以通過建

立日常和每周的慣例，尤其是那些強(qiáng)調(diào)聯(lián)系的慣例，如家庭晚餐時(shí)間和睡前聊天，來為

孩子創(chuàng)造一種安全感。父母應(yīng)該以同情和傾聽的態(tài)度對(duì)待孩子，而不是試圖解決他們的

問題。例如，我們可以讓家人談?wù)撘惶斓钠鹌鹇渎洹Ｕ缧睦韺W(xué)家MadelineLevine所

說：讓你的孩子”借用你的冷靜”。）可知，作者提到了MadelineLevine是為了讓父母在

孩子面前保持冷靜。故選A。

（3）B.代詞指代題。根據(jù)第五段

Honoryourchild'swishesandplantocreatethebreakthatfitsyourfamily'sneeds.McKenna

Reitz,amomfromToledo,Ohio,plansforherdaughtersKarsen,9,andMaddox,6,

toenjoytimeoffwithfamilyandfriends.（尊重你孩子的愿望，計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造一個(gè)適合你家庭

需要的休息時(shí)間。來自俄亥俄州托萊多的母親麥肯納?賴茨計(jì)劃讓9歲的卡爾森和6歲

的馬多克斯與家人和朋友一起享受假期，她的假期計(jì)劃顯然反映了尊重孩子的需要這一

點(diǎn)。）故that指的是"尊重孩子的需要”。A.Stayingwithkidsinholidays假期和孩子們?cè)?/p>

一起：B.Respectingtheneedsofkids.尊重孩子的需要；C.Helpingkidscelebrateholidays

幫助孩子慶祝節(jié)日；D.Keepingexhaustedkidshappy讓疲憊的孩子開心。故選B。

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段

Whenchildrenshowsignsofstress,parentsshouldrespondbyfocusingonmentalhealth.not

achievementorgrades.（當(dāng)孩子表現(xiàn)出壓力跡象時(shí)，父母應(yīng)該關(guān)注心理健康，而不是成

績(jī)或分?jǐn)?shù)。）可知，文章主要說明了從小學(xué)到高中的孩子們已經(jīng)感到壓力很大，學(xué)期最

后幾周的壓力可能會(huì)讓人沮喪，尤其是對(duì)年紀(jì)較大的學(xué)生來說，他們的期末項(xiàng)目和考試

要求很高，對(duì)此家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該關(guān)注孩子的心理健康，而不是成績(jī)。同時(shí)提出了一些給孩子減

輕壓力的方法?？赏浦?，作者想表明父母應(yīng)該讓孩子從學(xué)校的壓力中休息一下。故選D。

本文是一篇日常生活類閱讀，主要說明了從小學(xué)到高中的孩子們已經(jīng)感到壓力很大，學(xué)

期最后幾周的壓力可能會(huì)讓人沮喪，尤其是對(duì)年紀(jì)較大的學(xué)生來說，他們的期末項(xiàng)目和

考試要求很高，對(duì)此家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該關(guān)注孩子的心理健康，而不是成績(jī)。同時(shí)提出了一些給孩

子減輕壓力的方法。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】D、A、C、D

【解析】（1）D.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的

Sometimesnon-nativespeciesareimportedbyaccident,like...（有時(shí)，外來物種是被意外帶

入的。）由此可推知，劃線詞所在句舉例說明來自南美的輪船偶然將火蟻帶到了北美。

inadvertently應(yīng)意為"偶然，不經(jīng)意"，A.Separately分別地；B.Regularly定期地；

C.Temporarily暫時(shí)地；D.Unexpectedly預(yù)料之外地。故選D。

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段

AmanoncereleaseddozensofEuropeanstarlingsinNewYorkinanefforttobringallthebi

rdsmentionedinShakespeare'swritingstoAmerica.（曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)人在紐約放走了幾十只歐

洲八哥，試圖把莎士比亞作品中提到的所有鳥類都帶到美國）可知，這名男子將八哥帶

進(jìn)美國是為了滿足自己的愿望。故選A。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段，

theeconomicandenvironmentalcostsofinvasivespecieswillbecomedisastrous.（入侵物種

會(huì)帶來災(zāi)難性的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失以及環(huán)境問題。）可知，入侵物種會(huì)帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境問題。故

選C。

（4）D.標(biāo)題判斷題。文章主要介紹了入侵物種的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，

并說明了避免入侵物種危害的必要性。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為D項(xiàng)

OurUnwelcomeGuests"我們不受歡迎的客人"。故選D。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了入侵物種的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，

并說明了避免入侵物種危害的必要性。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上

合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

16~20.【答案】B、G、E、A、D

【解析】（1）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段

Thenyouprobablyhavethesamequestionassomanyothers：HowmuchdoIneedtosleep?

（那么你可能和其他很多人都有同樣的問題：我需要睡多少。）可知，B項(xiàng)

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"Theanswerisnotsostraightforward（這個(gè)答案并不是那么簡(jiǎn)單）”緊承上文，針對(duì)上文

提出的問題作出了一個(gè)回答，符合語境。故選B。

（2）G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)該空前"Sticktoabedtimeroutine.（保持規(guī)律的就寢時(shí)間）”和

該空后

"Youcanevenkeepajournaltonotedownthesesleeptimesand