四川省高三天府名校大聯(lián)考（12月診斷性考試）英語試題（有聽力）

2021屆天府名校12月高三診斷性考試英語本試題卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、考號等填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡，上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接寫在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inastore. B.Inapolicestation. C.Alanairport.【答案】C【解析】原文】M:Mom,arethosesittingovertherepolicemen?W:No,theyaren't.Thesearethepilots.They'retakingtheplanewithus.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanthinkofTom?A.He’scautious. B.He’sstraightforward. C.He’spolite.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Tomishelpful,buthealwayssaysexactlywhathethinks.W:Really?Heshouldbecarefulwhenmunicatingwithothers.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.NatureprogramsonTV. B.Animalperformance. C.Twosidesofzoos.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ijustthinkit'scruel.Watchinganimalsincagesinthezoojustdoesn'tappealtome.M:Yeah,Iknow,butthebestzoosplayanactiveroleinconservationprograms,too.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howlonghasthewoman'sauntbeeninLondon?A.Twoweeks. B.Onemonth. C.Threemonths.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I'llleaveforLondoninonemonthandstaytherewithmyaunt,doingatwoweekbusinesscourseintheUniversityofGreenwich.M:Oh,whendidyourauntgotoLondon?W:Threemonthsago.She'sbeenlearningartsintheUniversityof5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Lookforamagazine. B.Findoutaquietplace. C.Gethislibrarycard.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:CanItakethemagazineout?It'ssonoisyhere.W:Well,ifyouhavealibrarycard.M:ThenIjustsithereandfinishreadingthearticle.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wheredidthemanmakethecalllastnight?A.Onthebalcony. B.Bythepool. C.Inthebathroom.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Scenicspots. B.Thephoneservice. C.Shootingstars.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Didyouseetheshootingstarslastnight?W:Yeah!IwasstandingonthebalconywhenIsawthem.Howaboutyou?M:Ididn'tseethembecauseIwastalkingonmycellphonenearthepool.W:DidMariaseethem?M:No,shewastakingashower.W:Whatapity!Butpeoplesaytherearealotofshootingstarsinthispartofthecountry.Maybewe'llseemoreinthenextscenicspot.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodotonight?A.Haveasmallparty. B.GotoseeJeff. C.MeetMia.9.Whoadvisedhavingasleepover?A.Mia. B.Becca. C.Maria.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Becca.IinvitedJeffandNicktoourplacetonight.We'regoingtohaveagettogether.W:Sorry,butIneedtheapartmenttonight.I'mhavingasleepover.M:What?Youdidn'ttellme.W:Calmdown,Aaron.YoucanstayatJeff's.Miawillbeatourplace.M:OK.Sowhyareyouhavingasleepover?W:Wegottheideayesterday.MiacamefromChina,andMariaandIhaven'tseenherforalongtime.Mariathoughtweshouldgettogether.Youknow,wealllovesleepovers,soIsuggesthavingone.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhendoesthewomanusetheInternetmainly?A.Inthemornings. B.Intheafternoons. C.Intheevenings.11.WhatdoesthewomanusetheInternetmainlyfor?A.Receivingheremails. B.Talkingwithherdad. C.Gettingprojectinformation.12.Whatisthemanmostprobably?A.Aninterviewer. B.Thewoman’sboss. C.Thewoman’scolleague.【答案】10.C11.A12.A【解析】【原文】M:OK!Let'smoveontothetopicoftheInternet.HowoftendoyouusetheInternet?W:Iuseitalmosteveryday,sometimesinthemornings,orintheafternoons,butmostofthetime,justintheevenings.M:DoeseveryoneinyourfamilyusetheInternet?W:Yes,well,everybodyapartfrommydad.Hedoesn'tlikeitverymuch.Butweareslowlypersuadinghimtouseitmore.M:WhatdoyouusetheInternetfor?W:Iuseitmainlytocheckmyemails.I'vegotfriendsallaroundtheworld.SoIliketokeepintouchwiththembyemail,andIalsousetheNETtolookupinformation.M:WhendidyoulastusetheInternet?W:Thismorning.Ineededsometravelinformation.I'mthinkingaboutflyingtoAmericanextmonth,andIalsohavesomeworktodoonmyhistoryproject.M:OK.Thankyouforyourspendingtimeansweringmyquestions.Hopetotalkwithyouagain.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whydoesthewomanvisittheman?A.TotalkaboutRaul'scellphone.B.TobringanewcellphoneforRaul.C.Todiscusshisnoteaboutthecellphone.14.WhatdidRaulusehiscellphonetodoinclass?A.Listentomusic. B.Copymathanswers. C.Sendshortmessages.15.WhendidthemantakeupRaul'scellphone?A.LastWednesday. B.LastFriday. C.ThisTuesday.16.Howcanthewomangetbackherson'scellphone?A.Byapologizing. B.Byfillinginaform. C.Bypunishingherson.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,IamMr.Watson,thesixthgrademathteacher.MayIhelpyou?W:Yes,myson,Raul,isinyourhomeroom.Hetellsmeabouthiscellphone.M:Ah,yes,Mrs.Mendez.Thecellphoneisnotallowedintheclassroom.Thestudentscanusethemduringbreaksandafterschooltolistentomusicorgetintouchwiththeirparentsorfriends,butnotduringclass.Rauldidnotfollowtherules.HewaswarnedseveraltimesnottouseittosendshortmessagesduringclasslastWednesday.IsentanotehomelastFriday,askingthatheshouldnotbringitbackbecauseofthisproblem.W:Raulneversaidanythingtomeaboutthis.M:Thenyoudidnotgetthenote?AgainthisTuesdayRaulwasdoingthesameduringmathclass.Unfortunately,Ihadtotakeitup.W:Oh!Ididn'tknowaboutthis.M:Well,youcancheckinwiththeschooloffice.Theyhaveaformforyoutofillin.Thentheywillreturnittoyou.W:Thankyou,Mr.Watson.M:Mrs.Mendezanythingthataffectsthechildren'sschoolworkisnotallowed.Ifheusesthecellphoneduringclassagain,I'llhavetotakeitfromhim.W:Yes,Mr.Watson,Iunderstand.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhatdomostoftheLearnEnglishcoursesoffertotheirlearners?A.puters. B.Workbooks. C.Writingguidance.18.What'sthebiggestadvantageoftheLearnEnglishcourses?A.Theyareflexibletolearn.B.Theyaremanyandvarious.C.TheyarefitfornativeEnglishspeakers.19.Whydoesthespeakeradvisepeopletochatwithastaffmemberfirst?A.Togetsomecourseadvice.B.Toregisteronthecourses.C.Tohaveatasterlesson.20.HowmanydaysistheLearnEnglishcenteropeninaweek?A.5. B.6. C.7.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.A【解析】【原文】LearnEnglishcoursesareagreatwaytolearn.Formostcoursesthereareworkbooks,inadditiontotheputercourse,toprovideextrawrittenpractice.Allourcoursesaretakenonlineusingyourputer,soyoucanworkthroughthecourseatyourownspeed,andgobacktoanysessionwheneveryouwantto.That'sthemostattractivepart.Weofferhundredsofcoursesinawholerangeofsubjectsfromreading,writingandmathtobusinessandmanagement.Manyofthesearespeciallydesignedforpeoplewhosefirstlanguageisn'tEnglish.Steponeistohaveachatwithafriendlymemberofstaffinoneofour1,500LearnEnglishcentersaroundthecountry.Theycanadviseyouonthemostsuitablecourse.Youmightwanttotryatasterlessonfirst,whichwillshowyouwhatlearningwithLearnEnglishislike.Steptwoistoregisteronyourcourse.Onceyou'vedonethis,astaffmemberwillshowyouhowtogetstarted,whetheryou'reusingaputerathome,atworkorataLearnEnglishcenter.Whenyoustartyourcourse,youcanreachyourLearnEnglishcenterbyphoneoremailifyouneedhelp.We'reopenduringnormalofficehoursfromMondaytoFriday.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AHerearesomeeventsheldattheArtGalleryofAlberta(AGA).FamilyStudioattheAGATheAGAlovesintroducingarttoyoungsters!Familieswithkidsaged31to5candropintotheGallery.Familieswillhavethechancetoplay,createandworktogethertobuildmasterpieces.Eachweekwillseeanewtheme.Theprogramcosts$15andallmaterialsareincludedinthecost.Thisprogramislimitedto15childrenperday，soyouhavetoregisteronlineinadvance,asspotsfillquickly.When:SaturdaysTime:10a.m.11:30a.m.AGA“PayWhatYouMay"AdmissionDayYoucanaccesstheAGAforadiscountrateonTuesdays!StartingTuesday,March9，admissionwillbe“PayWhatYouMay”(Adonationofatleast$5issuggested.).I'ssuitableforkidsaged5to11.When:TuesdaysTime:12p.m.6p.m.Kids'DropInStudioattheAGAWantyourkidstoexploretheirartisticside?Youngstersaged6to12cancheckoutKids'DropInStudioattheAGA!Theprogramcosts$15butallmaterialsaren'tincludedinthecost.SpotscanbepurchasedbeforehandoverthephoneduringregularGuestServiceshoursoronline.When:SaturdaysTime:1p.m.3p.m.AGAAllDaySundaysTheAGAinvitesfamiliestoexperiencethegallery.Familiescanenjoyartactivities，programsandprojectsthatwilltieintocurrentexhibitsatthegallery.Thefunisperfectforallages,andthegalleryadmissionisalwaysfreeforkids17andbelow,andonlythegrownupshavetopay.When:oneSundaypermonthTime:12p.m.4p.m.21.WhatisspecialaboutFamilyStudioattheAGA?A.Only15kidscanjoininitaweek. B.Ithasadifferentfocuseveryweek.C.ItisopenonSaturdayafternoon. D.Visitorspayextraforthematerials.22.Whatisthekids’agerangesuggestedbyKids’DropInStudioattheAGA?A.35. B.511.C.612. D.17andunder.23.Whicheventisheldonceinamonth?A.AGAAllDaySundays.B.FamilyStudioattheAGA.C.Kids'DropInStudioattheAGA.D.AGA“PayWhatYouMay"AdmissionDay.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了阿爾伯塔美術(shù)館（AGA）的四個項目不同的特色、門票、年齡段要求、舉辦時間等信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中FamilyStudioattheAGA的信息及其在本項目下的“Eachweekwillseeanewtheme(每個星期都會看到一個新的主題)”可知，該項目每周主題不一樣。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Kids'DropInStudioattheAGA中的“Youngstersaged6to12cancheckoutKids'DropInStudioattheAGA!(6至12歲的青少年可以在AGA的工作室里看看Kids'Drop!)”可知，AGA工作室的孩子們建議的孩子的年齡范圍是612歲。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AGAAllDaySundays中的“When:oneSundaypermonth(時間:每月一個星期天)”可知，該活動每月舉行一次。故選A。BOnJune16,2020,VirginiagovernorRalphNorthammadeanannouncement.ThestatewouldmovetorecognizeJune19,orJuneteenth,asapaidstateholiday.Thenextday,NewYorkgovernorAndrewCuomotweetedthathe'ddothesameinhisstate.ThismakesVirginiaandNewYorkthelateststatestoofficiallyhonorJuneteenth.Now,atleast45outof50states,plusWashington,D.C.,recognizeJuneteenth.“Webecameindependentin1776.Everyyearasanation,wemarktheFourthofJulyIndependenceDay,"Northamsaidduringapressconference.“Butthatfreedomwecelebratedidnotincludeeveryone.LearningmoreabouttheholidaymeansgoingbackinhistorytotheCivilWar.OnJanuary1,1863,PresidentAbrahamLincolndeliveredtheEmancipationProclamation(解放黑人奴隸宣言).Hisspeechdeclaredfreedomforenslavedpeople.TheCivilWarendedmorethantwoyearslater，inApril1865.TheUnionwon.Butthereweremanyenslavedpeoplewhohadnotbeentoldofthis.OnJune19,UnionsoldierstoldcrowdsinGalveston,Texas,thatthestate's250,000enslavedpeoplewerefree.Theywereamongthelasttofindout.ThedaybecameknownasJuneteenth,whichreferstoJuneand19thandissometimescalledEmancipationDay.Overtheyears,asblackpeoplefromGalvestonmovedtodifferentcities,thecelebrationspreadslowly.Andinthe1960s,thecivilrightsmovementbroughtareallywiderawarenessofJuneteenthbecauseitbrokeoutalloverthecountry.It'sbelievedthatsuchaholidayhelpseducatepeopleaboutwhathappenedinthepast.SheilaJacksonLeerepresentsTexasintheUSHouseofRepresentatives.Earlierthisweek,sheintroducedabilltoCongress,whichasksfornationalrecognitionoftheholiday.Juneteenthhasbeencelebratedinavarietyofwayspeoplecanchoosefrom.Usually,therearemunitygatherings,cookouts,andfestivals.24.WhatdidNorthammeanbysayingtheunderlinedpartinParagraph1?A.NoteveryAmericanstateacceptedJuneteenth.B.Americansshouldshowrespectforeachother.C.Blackpeopleshouldunitetogetmorefreedom.D.SlaverystillexistedafterthefourthofJulyin1776.25.WhichofthefollowingishometoJuneteenthcelebrations?A.Washington,D.C. B.Texas.C.Virginia. D.NewYork.26.WhatmadeJuneteenthspreadacrossthecountry?A.PresidentLincoln’sproclamation. B.Blackpeople’slivinginbigcities.C.Americancivilrightsmovement. D.FreedomDay'sbeingrecognized.27.WhatistherealfunctionofJuneteenthinSheila'sopinion?A.Torememberthehistory. B.Tosetapaidstateholiday.C.Tohaverichercelebrations. D.Togivepeoplemorechoices.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國“解放日”的由來，以及越來越多的州對這個節(jié)日的認(rèn)可和確定它作為節(jié)日的歷史意義?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)弗吉尼亞州州長RalphNortham在畫線部分的前面句子談到的內(nèi)容“Webecameindependentin1776.Everyyearasanation,wemarktheFourthofJulyIndependenceDay”（我們是1776年獨立的。每年作為一個國家，我們都會紀(jì)念7月4日的獨立日。）可知：美國1776年就獨立了,每年7月4日要慶祝獨立日；再結(jié)合第二段內(nèi)容“TheCivilWarendedmorethantwoyearslater，inApril1865.TheUnionwon.Butthereweremanyenslavedpeoplewhohadnotbeentoldofthis.”（內(nèi)戰(zhàn)在兩年多后的1865年4月結(jié)束。聯(lián)邦政府贏了。但是還有許多被奴役的人沒有被告知這件事。）可知：直到美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的1865年，黑人才得到解放和自由。由此可推知RalphNortham講話的含義是奴隸制在1776年7月4日之后仍然存在。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“OnJune19,UnionsoldierstoldcrowdsinGalveston,Texas,thatthestate's250,000enslavedpeoplewerefree...knownasJuneteenth,whichreferstoJuneand19thandissometimescalledEmancipationDay.”（6月19日，聯(lián)邦士兵告訴德克薩斯州加爾維斯頓的民眾，該州25萬名被奴役的人獲得了自由。他們是最后被解放的人。這一天后來被稱為“解放日”，指的是6月和19日，有時也被稱為解放日。）可知，德克薩斯州是“解放日”的發(fā)源地。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Andinthe1960s,thecivilrightsmovementbroughtareallywiderawarenessofJuneteenthbecauseitbrokeoutalloverthecountry.”（在20世紀(jì)60年代，民權(quán)運動帶來了對解放日的更廣泛的認(rèn)識，因為它在全國范圍內(nèi)爆發(fā)。）可知，“解放日”在美國得到真正的傳播是興起于二十世紀(jì)六十年代的民權(quán)運動。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It'sbelievedthatsuchaholidayhelpseducatepeopleaboutwhathappenedinthepast.”（人們認(rèn)為這樣的節(jié)日有助于教育人們了解過去發(fā)生的事情。）由此判斷出，“解放日”可以幫助人們牢記歷史。故選A。CAteamofbiologistsrecentlystudiedrainfrogsintheforestsofnorthernEcuador.Whiledoingso,theydiscoveredaMindoharlequintoad(五彩蟾蜍).Thecreaturehadn'tbeenseenalivein30years.Thescientistscouldn'tbelievetheireyes.“Thethreeofusspottedit,”MelissaCostales,aconservationbiologist,said.HerpartnerswerescientistCesarBarrioAmorosandguideEricOsterman.“IttookourbrainsawhilelongerthannormaltorecognizethatwewerewatchinganAtelopusmindoensis!”Theirfindingswerepublishedinthespring,inthejournalHerpetologyNotes.Untilrecently,13ofthe25speciesofharlequintoadsinEcuadorhadgoneunseensincethe1980sorearly1990s.Climatecrisisisdamagingtheirlivingconditions,andtheycan'tfindfoodthatissuitableforthem.Besides,peoplehuntforthemtomakemoney.However，scientistsholdthatmostofthemhadbeenwipedoutbyaterriblediseasecalledchytrid,whichisespeciallyharmfultotheharlequintoad.TheMindoharlequinisthelatestharlequintoadspecies“toebackfromthedead,”saysCostales.Since2003,eightotherspecieshavebeenfound,threeoftheminEcuador.CostalessaystheMindoharlequinmayhavedevelopedaresistancetothedisease.Thatwouldexplainthetoad’sreappearance.Anditcouldspellgoodnewsforotherharlequins.Sincediscoveringthefirstone,Costales'steamhasfoundfivemore.Theywerealltestedforchytrid.Nonehadthedisease.Butthatdoesn’tmeanthesurvivalofthespeciesisguaranteed,Costalessays.Theharlequintoadisstillendangered.CostalesisdevelopingaconservationplanwithazoologymuseuminEcuador.ShewantstomakesuretheMindoharlequintoaddoesn’tfallbackintodyingout.“Eachrediscoverygivesusasecondchancetodevelopbetterconservationstrategies(策略),”shesays.“Noteverydaydowehavetheopportunitytorediscoveraspeciesthatwebelievedtobeextinct.28.HowdidCostalesfeelaboutthediscoveryoftheMindoharlequintoad?A.It'sunexpected. B.It'sunattractive.C.It'sabnormal. D.It'sdoubtful.29.Whatisthekeyreasonforharlequintoads'beingkilled?A.Climatechange. B.Lackoffood.C.Adangerousillness. D.Humans'behavior.30.HowmanyMindoharlequintoadshavethescientistsfoundout?A.3. B.6. C.9. D.12.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Aresistancetochytrid B.HarlequintoadspeciesC.Animalexperts’hardjob D.Ananimal’srediscovery【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。環(huán)保生物學(xué)家Costales和同事在厄瓜多爾森林中進行科研的時候，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)了已經(jīng)消失了30多年的Mindo五彩蟾蜍。這對他們來說是個天大的發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thecreaturehadn'tbeenseenalivein30years.Thescientistscouldn'tbelievetheireyes.(這種生物已經(jīng)30年沒見過了。科學(xué)家們簡直不敢相信自己的眼睛。)”可知，從科學(xué)家不敢相信可推斷出，Costales對發(fā)現(xiàn)Mindo五彩蟾蜍是很意外的。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“However,scientistsholdthatmostofthemhadbeenwipedoutbyaterriblediseasecalledchytrid,whichisespeciallyharmfultotheharlequintoad.(然而，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，它們中的大多數(shù)是被一種叫壺菌的可怕疾病消滅的，這種疾病對丑角蟾蜍尤其有害。)”可知,導(dǎo)致大部分五彩蟾蜍的消亡是一種叫chytrid的疾病。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Sincediscoveringthefirstone,Costales'steamhasfoundfivemore.(自從發(fā)現(xiàn)了第一個，Costales的團隊又發(fā)現(xiàn)了五個。)”可知，在消失30年后，一只Mindo五彩蟾蜍再次被Costales和同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨后又發(fā)現(xiàn)了五只。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹環(huán)保生物學(xué)家Costales和同事在厄瓜多爾無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只已經(jīng)消失30多年的Mindo五彩蟾蜍，隨后又發(fā)現(xiàn)了五只這樣的蟾蜍。她決定與動物博物館合作，保護這種珍稀動物，防止它們再次陷入滅絕之境。所以用“Ananimal’srediscovery(一種動物的重新發(fā)現(xiàn))”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。DWithsolarenergygettingcheaperandcheaper,itisexpectedtobeethemostmonwaytoproduceelectricityby2050.Butthereisanotherwaytocreateelectricityfromthesun.It'scalled“ConcentratedSolarPower(CSP)”.Itworksbyusingmanyspecialmirrors,called“heliostats”,tofocusthesun'slighttoproduceheat“SolarThermal".CSPfactoriesfocusthelightfromtheirmirrorsontospeciallydesignedtowersthatcantaketheheatandthen,usuallybyturningwaterintosteam,turnitintoelectricity.ThebiggestCSPplantintheworldisIvanpahintheMojaveDesertinCalifornia.SpainhasseveralotherlargeCSPfactories.Thehighesttemperaturereachedusingconcentratedsolarpoweris565°C.That'shotenoughtomakeelectricity.Buttomakemanymonmaterials,muchhighertemperaturesareneeded.AnAmericanpanycalledHeliogenhasannouncedanewprocessthatcanreachextremelyhightemperaturesusingonlythepowerofthesun，whichcouldhelpcleanupsomeoftheworld'smostpollutingprocesses,likemakingcement(水泥)thatiscurrentlyresponsibleforaround7%oftheworld'scarbondioxidepollution.Heliogensaysitsprocesshasreachedtemperatureshigherthan1,000°Cformanytimes.Atthosetemperatures,Heliogen’ssystemcouldbeusedinthemakingofcement.Thepanyhasbeenabletoimproveitsprocessbydoingafewthingsdifferently.Forone.thing,theheliostatsitusesaresmaller,sothey'recheaperandit’seasiertomakethemreflectbetter.AnotherbigimprovementisthespecialputersystemthatHeliogendevelopedtowatchandadjusttheheliostatssothattheyarealwaysfocusedcontinuously.Heliogensaysconfidentlythatinthefutureithopestoreachtemperaturesashotas1,500°C.Atthattemperature,itisevenpossibletocreatefuel,notcausingpollution.ThoughHeliogen’sprocessisnewandoffersseveralimprovementsoverexistingCSPmethods,thepanyisstillalongwayfromputtingtheirsystemtoworkintherealworld.32.WhatdothetowersinCSPplantsdofirst?A.Reflectthemirrors’light. B.Holdtheheliostats.C.Producesolarenergy. D.Contain“SolarThermal".33.WhatisspecialabouttheHeliogen’snewprocess?A.Itcanslowdownclimatechange. B.Itgetsextremelyhotbyitself.C.It'smoreenvironmentfriendly. D.Itcanproducesolarenergy.34.WhatcanHeliogen’sspecialputersystemdo?A.Lowerthecostoftheheliostats. B.Maketheheliostatsworkbetter.C.Forcetheheliostatstotakebreaks. D.Stoptheheliostatsbeingdamaged.35.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheHeliogen’snewprocess?A.Curious. B.Cautious.C.Confident. D.Contradictory.【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.B【解析】【分析】本文屬于說明文。濃縮太陽能（CSP）既可以用來發(fā)電,又可以避免污染環(huán)境。Heliogen公司改進了現(xiàn)有的生產(chǎn)濃縮太陽能的方法：將反射鏡變??；開發(fā)了一套新的電腦系統(tǒng)，以隨時調(diào)整反射鏡，使其達到最佳的工作效果?，F(xiàn)在的Heliogen公司濃縮太陽能的最高溫度可以達到1,000攝氏度，在這個溫度下，該公司可以生產(chǎn)水泥，而且很環(huán)保。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“CSPfactoriesfocusthelightfromtheirmirrorsontospeciallydesignedtowersthatcantaketheheatandthen,usuallybyturningwaterintosteam,turnitintoelectricity.”（CSP工廠將鏡面發(fā)出的光聚焦到特殊設(shè)計的塔上，塔可以吸收熱量，然后通常將水轉(zhuǎn)化為蒸汽，再轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。）可知，這種特制的塔首先應(yīng)該是接收來自反射鏡的太陽熱能（SolarThermal），然后發(fā)電。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AnAmericanpanycalledHeliogenhasannouncedanewprocess...whichcouldhelpcleanupsomeoftheworld'smostpollutingprocesses,likemakingcement（水泥）thatiscurrentlyresponsibleforaround7%oftheworld'scarbondioxidepollution.”（一家名為Heliogen的美國公司宣布了一種新工藝……這可以幫助清理一些世界上最污染的過程,像做水泥目前負(fù)責(zé)的全球碳排放的7%左右。）可知，該公司的新方法可以清潔世界上最嚴(yán)重的污染行為，如制造水泥，說明它更環(huán)保。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“...thespecialputersystemthatHeliogendevelopedtowatchandadjusttheheliostatssothattheyarealwaysfocusedcontinuously.”（Heliogen開發(fā)的特殊計算機系統(tǒng)，用來監(jiān)視和調(diào)整定heliostats，使它們總是連續(xù)聚焦。）可知，該公司開發(fā)的特殊電腦系統(tǒng)是用來觀察和調(diào)整heliostats，以促使它們更好地工作的。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Though...thepanyisstillalongwayfromputtingtheirsystemtoworkintherealworld.”（盡管……該公司距離將其系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)實世界還有很長的路要走）可知，作者認(rèn)為該公司的新技術(shù)要真正應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)實中，還有很長的路要走，說明作者對此持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選B?！军c睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。IfeverwehavetowaitforsomethingintheUK一forthebus,togetintoaconcert,ortogetintoashop,weformaqueue.Everybodyknowsthatwhenyourollup,youjointhebackofthequeue.___36___Itisanabsolutelyfairsystemandweallagreewithit.Britishpeoplewouldneverdreamof“jumpingthequeue”!___37___Ifyouareseentopushin,itisconsideredveryrude.Peoplethinkpushinginisunfairtootherpeoplewhohavebeenwaiting.So,ifyouseealineofpeopleandyouarenotsureaboutit,thenask:“Isthisthebackofthequeue?”___38___Youmightevengetchatting!Britsarehappytochatwhilequeuing.Ifeversomebodypushesin,youcanalmostfeelothersupsetabouthimorher!Peoplewillbesilentlyangry!However,rarelywillanybodysayanything.___39___Ifsomebodydoessaysomethingtotherulebreaker，therestofthepeopleinthequeuewillbeveryembarrassedandtheywilllookaway.___40___Forexample,theymaygivebadlookstothetransgressor(違規(guī)者).Theymayalsoturnaroundandtalkaboutthetransgressorinawhisperwiththepersonnexttotheminthequeue.Youwouldneedaskinasthickasarhinoceros(犀牛皮)tomissthesesignalsthatyouhavetransgressedasacredBritishrule.So,ifyouetotheUK,getusedtoqueuing.A.Youhavetowaitforyourturninthequeue.B.PeopledonotwelequeuejumpinginEngland.C.Queuejumpingcanbeseeneverywhereintheworld.D.Britishpeopledonotliketocauseascenebyarguing.E.Somepeoplewanttobreaktheacceptedrulesometimes.F.Peoplewillbeverypolitetoyouandletyouknowwhereyoushouldstand.G.Peoplewillshowthattheyareannoyed,butinwaysthatarenoteasytonotice.【答案】36.A37.B38.F39.D40.G【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國人排隊的習(xí)俗和對插隊人的態(tài)度?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Everybodyknowsthatwhenyourollup,youjointhebackofthequeue.(每個人都知道，當(dāng)你到達時，你會排在隊伍的后面。)”可知，英國人習(xí)慣于排隊等候。所以選擇項A“Youhavetowaitforyourturninthequeue.(你得排隊等候輪到你。)”符合上下文語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后句“Ifyouareseentopushin,itisconsideredveryrude.(如果你被人看見插隊，會被認(rèn)為是非常粗魯?shù)男袨椤?”可知，英國人非常討厭插隊的行為。所以選擇項B“PeopledonotwelequeuejumpinginEngland.(在英國，人們不歡迎插隊。)”符合上下文語境。故選B。【38題詳解】根據(jù)前句“So,ifyouseealineofpeopleandyouarenotsureaboutit,thenask:“Isthisthebackofthequeue?”(所以，如果你看到一排人，你不確定，那就問：“這是隊伍的后面嗎?”)”可知，后句是對前句問句的回答。所以選擇項F“Peoplewillbeverypolitetoyouandletyouknowwhereyoushouldstand.(人們會對你很有禮貌，讓你知道你應(yīng)該站在哪一邊。)”符合上下文語境。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前句“However,rarelywillanybodysayanything.(然而，很少有人會說什么。)”和后句“Ifsomebodydoessaysomethingtotherulebreaker,therestofthepeopleinthequeuewillbeveryembarrassedandtheywilllookaway.(如果有人對違規(guī)者說了什么，隊列中的其他人會感到很尷尬，他們會轉(zhuǎn)移視線。)”可知，英國人不喜歡因為插隊而爭吵。所以選擇項D“Britishpeopledonotliketocauseascenebyarguing.(英國人不喜歡引起爭吵的場景。)”符合上下文語境。故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,theymaygivebadlookstothetransgressor(違規(guī)者).Theymayalsoturnaroundandtalkaboutthetransgressorinawhisperwiththepersonnexttotheminthequeue.(例如，他們可能會給違法的人不好的臉色。他們也會轉(zhuǎn)過身來，和旁邊排隊的人低聲談?wù)撨`規(guī)者。)”從舉例可知，英國人不直接表達對插隊人的憤怒。所以選擇項G“Peoplewillshowthattheyareannoyed,butinwaysthatarenoteasytonotice.(人們會用不容易注意到的方式表現(xiàn)出他們被惹惱了。)”符合上下文語境。故選G。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IvanFernandezAnayaisalongdistancerunnerfromSpainwhopetesincrosscountryandmarathonraces.Ivanshowedhis___41___onaracetrackinNavarra,Spain,andhelosttherace___42___showingtheworldwhattruesportsmanshiplookslike!Ivanwasjustabouttofinishacrosscountryracewhenhe___43___AbelMutai,aKenyanathletewho'dbeeninthelead,begantoslowdownashe___44___thefinishline.AbeldidnotunderstandSpanishsohegot___45___bythesignsandthoughthehadalready___46___.Ivansawwhatwashappeninginaninstantandcouldhave___47___dashedpasthisopponent(對手)towintheracehimself.___48___,heslowedhisownpaceandpointedAbeltowardsthe___49___finishlinesohecouldwin.“Hewastherightful____50____,”Ivansaidlater.“Hecreatedagap(鴻溝)thatIcouldn'thaveclosedifhehadn'tmadea____51____AssoonasIsawhewasstopping,IknewIwasn'tgoingto____52____him.Everyonewhowitnessedthewhole____53____wasrightfullyimpressedwithIvan'sactions!Hedidn't____54____todothat,only_____55_____thatbeinganathletewithright____56____isoneofthemostimportantaspectsofsports.Later,ajournalistaskedIvanwhyhedidn't____57____theopportunitytowintheraceandhe____58____hisreasonfordoingthat,“…ButifIdidthat,whatwouldbethe____59____ofmyvictory?Whatwouldbethehonorofthat____60____?Whatwouldmymomthinkofthat?”41.A.character B.confidence C.dream D.interest42.A.bychance B.onpurpose C.intime D.atfirst43.A.predicted B.explained C.admitted D.noticed44.A.touched B.move