高中人教版英語必修四練習(xí)Unit2WarmingUpReading

Unit2WorkingthelandWarmingUp&Reading詞匯知識·自主學(xué)習(xí)Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境選擇正確的單詞填空struggle,hungry,disturbing,expand,battle,rid,freedom,therefore,equip,export1.Icouldn’tpossiblygetridofthislovelyoldcoat.2.Alotofourlandisusedtogrowcropsforexport.3.Theyhadtostruggleagainstallkindsofdifficulties.4.Sheistoonearsighted,sowehavetoexpandthesizeoftheimage.5.He’sonly17andthereforenopowertovoteortobevoted.6.Disturbingnewscamethatanunknowndiseasewasspreadinginthearea.7.Weneverdefeatedthemonthefieldofbattle.8.Thecourseisdesignedtoequipstudentsforacareerinnursing.9.Whenanewbornishungry,itlearnstoshoutandcry.10.Hegavemehishouse,that’stosay,Iwasgiventhefreedomofthewholehouse.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出黑體部分的漢語意思1.Toridoneselfofbadhabitsandevil,andtopursuegoodthoughtsanddeeds. (戒掉;擺脫)2.Nowadaysmanyteenagerswouldrathergetadvicefromstrangersonline. (寧愿)3.We’vecollected$50,000forthepoor,thankstothegenerosityofthepublic. (幸虧)4.Theyhadtostrugglefortheirlivesagainstweatherandwildanimals. (為……而斗爭)5.Weallwanttomakeadifferenceinthisworld.Whetheritisbigorsmall. (有影響)6.IhopepeopleIcareaboutcanhaveawonderfullife. (關(guān)心)7.Ididoncedreamofbeingthefirstwomantocaptainanoceanliner. (夢想)8.Heputalotofmoneyintothefirmwiththehopeofprofitsinthefuture. (懷著……希望)9.Theysearchedforaspotwheretheycouldsitonthefloor. (尋找)Ⅲ.翻譯下列課文原句并觀察黑體部分1.In1973,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.在1973年,他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先驅(qū)。2.Heawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.他從夢中醒來,希望能培育一種能養(yǎng)活更多人的水稻。3.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.使用他的雜交水稻,農(nóng)民們種出的糧食是以前的兩倍。根據(jù)給出的構(gòu)詞規(guī)則完成下面空格。dom構(gòu)成名詞的后綴,表示“狀態(tài)或領(lǐng)域”free→freedom自由king→kingdom 王國wise→wisdom 智慧newspaper→newspaperdom 新聞界閱讀精析·合作學(xué)習(xí)Task1框架宏觀建構(gòu):整體理解

Task2文本微觀剖析:細(xì)節(jié)探究

1.根據(jù)文章細(xì)節(jié)信息完成下列問題。(1)WhyhasYuanLongpingstruggledformanyyears?A.Hewantstobeeoneofthetopscientists.B.Hewantstoprovefarmerscanalsobeescientists.C.Hewantstodosomethingforfarmers.D.Hewantsothercountriestoknowhim.(2)Thesentence“Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.”inthelastparagraphmeansthat_______.

A.oneshouldhavedreamsB.oneshouldn’thavedreamsC.one’swishesareeasytorealizeD.onewishesforthingsthatcostnothing(3)Fromthetext,wecanconcludethat_______.

A.60%ofthericegrownintheworldisfromsuperhybridriceB.YuanLongpingmadeagreatcontributiontotheworldinsolvingthehungerproblemC.YuanLongpingleadsaveryfortablelifewithhishighineD.YuanLongpinghasthehabitofhavingdreamswhensleeping(4)WhatkindofpersonisYuanLongping?A.Helikestolivewiththepoorandisreadytohelpthem.B.Hethinksmuchofhimselfbutlittleofothers.C.Heisstrictwithotherscientistsandthefarmers.D.Hehashisowndreamstohelpthepeople.答案:(1)～(4)CABD(5)Whatdoesthewholepassagemainlytalkabout?YuanLongping’sachievementsinfarming.

2.運(yùn)用語句知識解構(gòu)課文中的長難句。譯文:的確,他那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂,以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實(shí)的身軀,就跟其他千百萬中國農(nóng)民一樣,過去50年來,他一直在努力幫助他們。譯文:雖然他是中國最著名的科學(xué)家之一,袁隆平仍認(rèn)為自己是一個農(nóng)民,因?yàn)樗谔镩g耕作、進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容完成表格。NameYuanLongpingBornIn(1)1930AppearanceHisfaceandarmsare(2)sunburnt.Hisbodyis(3)slimbut(4)strong.Allthesemakehimlooklikea(5)farmer.Achievements·Hesucceededingrowing(6)superhybridrice.·Hebecamethefirstagricultural(7)pioneerintheworldtogrowricewhoseoutputishigh.·Hehelpedthegovernmenthighlyincreasethe(8)output/harvestofgrain.(9)PersonalityHecareslittleabout(10)moneyandbeingfamous.Task3閱讀思維升華:主題實(shí)踐

1.結(jié)合課文主題,回答下列問題。Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappenifthereweresuddenlynoricetoeattomorrow?Ifthathappened,peopletherewouldsufferfromstarvation.Peoplewouldpanic(驚慌)andthewholecountrywouldgetintotrouble.

2.根據(jù)提示,運(yùn)用本單元詞匯與句型完成短文。(1)中國的農(nóng)民過去一直受著饑餓的困擾。(bedisturbedby)(2)幾十年來,他們努力尋找能夠提高糧食產(chǎn)量的方法,但收效甚微。(decade,struggle,grainoutput)(3)多虧了袁隆平的雜交水稻研究,農(nóng)民們的收成比以前多了一倍。這意味著世界22%的人口擺脫了饑餓。(thanksto,hybrid,twiceas...as...,getridof)(4)大多數(shù)農(nóng)民都說很滿意現(xiàn)在的生活,寧愿待在農(nóng)村當(dāng)農(nóng)民。(besatisfiedwith,wouldrather)FarmersinChinausedtobedisturbedbyhunger.Fordecades,theyhavebeenstrugglingtosearchforwaystoincreasethegrainoutput,butwithoutsuccess.ThankstoYuanLongping’sresearchonthehybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore,whichmeans22%oftheworld’spopulationhavegotridofhunger.Mostofthefarmerssaytheyarenowquitesatisfiedwiththeirlivesandwouldratherbefarmersinthecountryside.

要點(diǎn)精研·探究學(xué)習(xí)1.strugglevi.&n.斗爭;拼搏;努力*YuanLongpinghasstruggledformillionsofChinesefarmersforthepastfivedecades.過去50年來,袁隆平一直在努力幫助著數(shù)百萬的中國農(nóng)民。*Astrongmanwillstrugglewiththestormoffate.強(qiáng)者樂于搏擊命運(yùn)的暴風(fēng)雨。*Sheisstrugglingtobringupafamilyonaverylowine.她靠著非常微薄的收入艱難地供養(yǎng)一家人。*Theyoungmanstruggledtohisfeettofightagainsttherobber.那位年輕人努力掙扎著站起來同搶劫犯作斗爭。strugglefor努力爭取……;為……而斗爭strugglewith/against 與……作斗爭struggletodosth. 努力做某事struggletoone’sfeet 掙扎著站起來(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.許多家庭都在努力維持生計。Ceasetostruggleandyouceasetolive.生命不息,戰(zhàn)斗不止。(1)語法填空。①Jennifer,havingstruggled(struggle)forweekstofindajobasatravelguide,finallyturnedouttobeasalesgirl.

②In1862theAmericanslaveswontheirstruggleforfreedom.③ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggletobeheard(hear).

(2)結(jié)合語境,完成下面的小短文。Farmersalwayshavetostruggleforaliving.Theyoftenstruggleagainst/withthebadweatherforabetterharvest.Someofthemevenhavetoleavetheirhometownsandgotoworkincities,strugglingtoincreasetheirine.

農(nóng)民一直都不得不為了生存而努力,他們經(jīng)常與惡劣的天氣作斗爭來爭取有個好點(diǎn)的收成,他們中的一些人甚至不得不離開家鄉(xiāng)到大城市打工,努力增加他們的收入。2.expandvt.&vi.使變大;伸展*YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁隆平要在不增加土地面積的基礎(chǔ)上尋求一種增收稻谷的方法。*Thewriterexpandedhisshortnovelintoalongone.那位作者把他的短篇小說擴(kuò)展成了長篇。*Thenarrowpathinthevillageexpandedintoawideroad.村里的狹窄小路拓寬成了一條大道。*Hedidnotexpandgreatlyonhissunburntskin.他未就曬黑的皮膚多加解釋。*Thebookisanexpansionofaseriesoflecturesgivenlastyear.這本書是去年舉行的系列講座的擴(kuò)充。expand...into...把……擴(kuò)展/發(fā)展成……expandinto... 發(fā)展成/擴(kuò)大成……expandonsth. 細(xì)說(闡述)某事expansion n.膨脹,擴(kuò)大expand和extend的區(qū)別前者指向四面八方的擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)張,后者指向某一方向的延伸。(1)語法填空。①Couldyouexpandonthatpoint,please?②Lookingfartherintothefuture,weplantoexpandintoEurope.③Hewantstoexpandhisgardenintothecornerofthewalls.(2)Ariseinthetemperatureofthegasresultsinitsexpansion.

氣體溫度上升致使氣體膨脹。3.rid...of使……擺脫或除去*Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.由于他的研究,聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中有了更多的方法。*Sheistryingtoridherselfofadependenceondrugs.她在努力地擺脫對藥品的依賴。*Youshouldgetridofthebadhabits.你應(yīng)該改掉壞習(xí)慣。*Theyworkdayandnightinordertoridthemselvesofdebt.為了擺脫債務(wù),他們夜以繼日地工作。beridof擺脫getridof 擺脫;除掉;去掉ridoneselfofdebt 還清債務(wù)在rid...of...短語中,rid為動詞,后跟sb.或someplace作賓語,指“使某人擺脫”或“除掉某地的不好或有害之物”?！局R延伸】accusesb.ofsth.指責(zé)某人某事cheatsb.ofsth. 騙取某人某物curesb.ofsth. 治好某人的……病informsb.ofsth. 通知某人某事remindsb.ofsth. 使某人想起某事robsb.ofsth. 搶劫某人的某物warnsb.ofsth. 警告某人某事(2020·天津高考)ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridofthesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.多虧了英國發(fā)明的靜音機(jī),你可以在不打擾男孩或他父母的情況下消除聲音。(1)語法填空。①Theproposalsareanattempttoridthecountryofpoliticalcorruption.②Theownerneedstogetridofthecarforfinancialreasons.(2)同義句改寫。Whycouldn’theridhimselfofthosethoughtsandworries?→Whycouldn’thegetridofthosethoughtsandworries?

4.wouldrather寧愿;寧可*Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的興趣愛好上。*Iwouldratherfailthancheatintheexamination.我寧可考試不及格,也不愿意作弊。*Iwouldratherhaveleftanoteonherdesk.我要是留張便條在她書桌上就好了。(1)wouldrathernotdo寧愿不做……(3)wouldratherhavedone本來想做……(而未實(shí)現(xiàn))wouldrather+從句(1)語法填空。①I’drather(that)youhadn’ttold(nottell)himaboutitthatday.

②Johnwantstoseemetoday.Iwouldratherhecame(e)tomorrowthantoday.③Iwouldrathergotoworkbybikethanbybus.(2)一句多譯。我寧可待在家里看書,也不愿意和朋友們一起去游泳。①Iwouldratherstayathomereadingthangoswimmingwithmyfriends.(wouldratherdo...thando...)

②Iwouldstayathomereadingratherthangoswimmingwithmyfriends.(woulddo...ratherthando...)

③Iprefertostayathomereadingratherthangoswimmingwithmyfriends.(prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.)

5.equipvt.&vi.配備;裝備*Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是,他拿出數(shù)百萬元幫助其他人進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。*Mostparentswanttoequiptheirchildrenwithagoodeducation.大多數(shù)父母想讓他們的孩子接受良好的教育。*Everyclassroominthismodernschoolisequippedwithanewputer.這所現(xiàn)代化的學(xué)校里每個教室都配備一臺新電腦。*It’samodern,wellequippedhospital,andallitsequipmentisofhighquality.這是一個現(xiàn)代化的、裝備精良的醫(yī)院,所有的設(shè)備都具有較高的質(zhì)量。(1)equip...with...用……裝備……beequippedwith 裝備著……beequippedfor... 準(zhǔn)備好……;對……有準(zhǔn)備bewell/poorlyequipped 裝備精良的/較差的(2)equipment n.裝備;設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞)equipment為不可數(shù)名詞,如:officeequipment辦公設(shè)備;sportsequipment運(yùn)動器材;apieceofequipment一件設(shè)備。(1)語法填空。①Shewasfullyequippedfortheclimbing.

②Youreducationwillequipyouforyourfuturelife.③Theyequippedthemselveswithapairofsharpaxesandsetofffortheforest.④Aputeristhemostimportantpieceofequipment(equip)youwillbuy.(2)句式升級。Theyareequippedwithnewscientificfarmingmethods,sotheyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)→Equippedwithnewscientificfarmingmethods,theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.

6.Haveyouevergrownanyplants?Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?Ifnot,whatkindofplantwouldyouliketotrygrowing?你種過植物嗎?如果種過的話,你是怎么培育它們的?如果沒有種過的話,你想要嘗試種什么植物?

【句式解構(gòu)】(1)此處用了省略結(jié)構(gòu)。Ifso為省略句式,if為連詞,so指代上文的內(nèi)容。意為“如果是這樣的話”。(2)Ifnot為Ifso的否定形式。*Willyougetafreeeveningnextweek?Ifso,let’shaveadinner.下周你會有一個晚上的空嗎?如果有,讓我們一起吃頓飯吧。*Iseverybodyfeelingcold?Ifnot,let’sopenthewindow.大家感到冷嗎?如果不,讓我們把窗戶打開吧。*Ifnecessary,youcanturntomeforhelp.必要的話,你可以向我求助。if構(gòu)成的其他省略結(jié)構(gòu)ifnecessary如果有必要ifpossible 如果可能的話ifany 如果有的話ifever 如果曾經(jīng)有的話用if構(gòu)成的省略形式填空。(1)Iwouldprefertogooutforapicnic,ifpossible.

如果可能的話,我更樂意外出野餐。(2)Idon’thaveanyink.Ifany,Iwilllendyousome.

我沒有墨水了,如果有的話,我就借給你一些了。(3)Studentswilllearntwoforeignlanguages,ifnecessary.

如果必要的話,學(xué)生們要學(xué)習(xí)兩門外語。(4)Wearetoldthathewilletonight,andifso,ourmeetingwillbeheldtomorrow.Ifnot,therewon’tbeanymeetingtomorrow.我們被告知他今晚會來。如果他來的話,我們的會議將在明天舉行;如果他不來的話,明天就不開會。

【要點(diǎn)拾遺】1.disturbingadj.引起煩惱的;令人不安的*Atthattime,hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.在那時,饑餓在農(nóng)村的許多地區(qū)是一個令人不安的問題。*Ifyougetupearly,pleasedon’tdisturbyourfather.如果你起床早,請不要打擾你的父親。*Hefeltdisturbedwhenheheardhismotherwasill.當(dāng)他聽說他母親病了的時候,他感到心神不安。disturbv.打擾;干擾;妨礙disturbed adj.精神紊亂的;心神不安的bedisturbedabout 對……感到心神不安Itdisturbssb.todo... 做……打擾某人/使某人不安【巧學(xué)助記】Theywerealldisturbedbythedisturbingnews,thatis,thenewsdisturbedallofthem.他們都因這條令人不安的消息而都深感不安,也就是說,這條消息使他們都感到不安?！疽族e辨析】disturb意為“干擾,擾亂”,側(cè)重擾亂某種狀態(tài)或秩序interrupt意為“打擾,打斷”,側(cè)重打斷某個活動的進(jìn)程,使其不能進(jìn)行下去(1)用disturb的適當(dāng)形式填空。①Heavytrafficdisturbedtheneighborhood.②It’sdisturbingtoseehimingwhenIamatmyworst.③TVEarshelpyoulistentoTVwithoutdisturbingothers.(2)Ifyougetupearly,trynottodisturbeveryoneelse.

如果你起得早,盡量不要打擾別人。(3)Iwasdeeplydisturbedanddepressedbythenews.

這消息使我深感不安和沮喪。2.thanksto幸虧;由于;因?yàn)?Thankstothetimelyhelp,manyluckypeoplesurvivedtheearthquake.多虧了及時的幫助,很多幸運(yùn)的人得以在地震中幸存下來。*Thankstothebadweather,thematchhasbeencancelled.因?yàn)樵愀獾奶鞖?比賽被取消了。表示“因?yàn)?由于”的短語還有:owingto,dueto,becauseof,asaresultof,onaccountof等。(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Ibecameinterestedinplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.因?yàn)橐患∈?我對踢足球產(chǎn)生了興趣。(1)語法填空。①Thankstothetechnology,ourlifeismorefortableinmanyrespects.②Hehadtoretirebecauseofillhealth.③Ourdelaywasduetotheheavytraffic.(2)Thankstohisadvice,Iwonthefirstprizeinthepetition.多虧他的建議,我在比賽中獲得了一等獎。

3.besatisfiedwith對……感到滿意*YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁隆平對他的生活很滿足。*Theoldcouplearesatisfiedtoliveinthecountryside.這對老年夫婦樂意住在鄉(xiāng)下。*Tohersatisfaction,theydealtwiththemattersoon.令她滿意的是,他們很快就處理了此事。*It’ssatisfyingtoplayagamereallywell.一種游戲玩得特別好是一樁愜意的事。(1)besatisfiedtodo...對做……感到滿意(2)satisfy vt.使……滿意satisfyone’sneeds 滿足某人的需要(3)satisfying adj.令人滿意的【知識延伸】(1)satisfactionn.滿意withsatisfaction 滿意地toone’ssatisfaction 使某人滿意的是(2)satisfying adj.令人滿意的satisfactory adj.令人滿意的(2019·北京高考)Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.成功意味著滿足個人的欲望。(1)語法填空。①Noneoftheseisparticularlysatisfying(satisfy).②Wearenotsatisfiedwiththeseresults.③Tooursatisfaction(satisfy),hegotthefirstprizeinthepetition.④Wejustcan’tfindenoughgoodsecondhandcarstosatisfy(satisfy)demands.

(2)Theteacherwassatisfiedwithhistestresultsandpraisedhim.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫句子)Satisfiedwithhistestresults,theteacherpraisedhim.

4.thereforeadv.因此;所以;因而*Iknowyouhaveshowngreattalentindesigningrobots.Therefore,youarethemostsuitableperson.我知道你在設(shè)計機(jī)器人方面很有天賦。因此你是最合適的人選。*Iwasill,andthereforecouldnote.我病了,所以不能來。*Ithappenedthathewasadoctor,sothesickmanwassaved.碰巧他是個醫(yī)生,因此這個病人得救了。體會therefore與so的區(qū)別therefore與so都表示“因此”。therefore為副詞,常需用“逗號”與句子隔開,或常和and搭配連接句子;而so為連詞,直接連接句子。(1)選詞填空(so/therefore)。①Everymanhashisfaults.Weshould,therefore,learntobetoleranttoothers.②Idon’tlikefish,soIwouldnoteatitunlessIwasextremelyhungry.(2)Ihadaheadache;thereforeIcouldnotgotoyourparty(因此不能去參加你的聚會了).

(3)Theoldladyisverynosy,sonobodylikestotalktoher(所以沒人喜歡和她說話).

5.exportvt.&vi.輸出;出口*YuanLongpinghasanotherdream:toexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.袁隆平還有一個夢想,那就是他的稻谷可以出口并長遍全球。*Theexportindustrywillaidtheeconomicrecovery.出口產(chǎn)業(yè)將促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。*ChinesePekingOperahasbeenexportedaroundtheworld.中國京劇已傳播到世界各地。*Thereportcallsforabanontheimportofdangerouswaste.這篇報道呼吁禁止危險廢棄物的進(jìn)口。(1)exportn.輸出,出口 pl.輸出品,輸出額exportsth.to... 把某物出口到……exporter n.出口商;出口公司;出口國(2)import vt.輸入;進(jìn)口 n.輸入;進(jìn)口;進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品importsth.from... 從……進(jìn)口某物【巧學(xué)助記】語境記詞Thecountryisabigexportertoexportteatoforeigncountries,butimportsalotofwheatfromothercountries.這個國家是一個大的出口茶葉的出口國,但是要從其他國家進(jìn)口很多小麥。(1)語法填空。①Everyyear,Indiaexportsalotofteaandcottontomanydifferentcountries.②ThesefamouswatchesshowninthecounterhavebeenimportedfromSwitzerlandrecently.(2)Weimportrawmaterialsandenergyandexportmainlyindustrialproducts.譯:我們進(jìn)口原材料和能源,主要出口工業(yè)產(chǎn)品。6.occupationn.工作;職業(yè);占領(lǐng)*Filltheformandwritedownyourname,addressandoccupation.填上表格,寫下你的姓名、地址和職業(yè)。*Howmuchmemorydoestheprogrammeoccupy?這個程序占了多少內(nèi)存?*Youneedtofindsomethingtooccupyyourselfwithwhenyouretire.退休后你得找點(diǎn)事讓自己忙碌起來。*Theworkersareoccupiedinbuildingnewhouses.建筑工人們正忙于建造新房子。*Sheoccupiedherselfwithhouseworkallday.她一整天忙于做家務(wù)。occupyv.使用,占用;使忙于;忙著beoccupied 房間、座位、床位等被占用;被占有;沒有空beoccupied(in)doing/withsth. 忙于做某事occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth. 忙于做某事【知識延伸】表示“忙于或?qū)Ｐ挠谧瞿呈隆钡谋磉_(dá)法還有:①忙于做某事bebusy(in)doingsth./withsth.beengagedin(doing)sth.engageoneselfin(doing)sth.②專心于某事focus/concentrateon,beabsorbedin,devoteoneself(heartandsoul)to,applyoneselfto,keepone’smindon,putone’sheartinto,fixone’sthought/mindon等。用occupy的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)Heisateacherbyoccupation,andhistimeisfullyoccupiedwithhisstudents.Healwaysthinksabouthiswork,andhowtoteachthestudentswelloccupieshismind.(2)同義句改寫。Sheoccupiedherselfwithroutineofficetasksandhadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.①Occupyingherselfwithroutineofficetasks,shehadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫句子)

②Occupiedwithroutineofficetasks,shehadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫句子)

7.hungern.饑餓;欲望vt.&vi.(使)饑餓*InsomepartsofAfrica,therearestillsomechildrendyingofhunger.在非洲的某些地區(qū),仍有一些兒童死于饑餓。*Hehungeredtogetthatpost.他渴望得到那個崗位。*Mostactorshaveahungerfor/aftersuccess.絕大多數(shù)演員都渴望成功。dieofhunger死于饑餓hungertodosth. 渴望做某事haveahungerfor/aftersth.;hungerfor/aftersth. 渴望得到某物hungry adj.饑餓的;渴望的表達(dá)“渴望……”之意的短語還有:haveadesire/thirstfor,haveanappetitefor,bethirsty/eagerfor,longfor,beanxiousfor等。(1)語法填空。Agreatnumberofpeoplearegoinghungryandhundredsofchildrenhavediedofhunger.(hungry)(2)Thelittleboyhasahungerfor/hungersfor/afterprogressinmath.

這個小男孩渴望數(shù)學(xué)取得進(jìn)步。8.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.

這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的糧食?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】(1)此句為復(fù)雜的簡單句。句中謂語動詞makes后跟復(fù)合賓語,it為形式賓語,不定式作真正的賓語,形容詞possible為賓語補(bǔ)足語。(2)“make+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+真正的賓語”的基本結(jié)構(gòu):make+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語(forsb.)+todo.../that...*Nowadaysconvenienttransportmakesitpossibleforustotravelaroundtheworldinashorttime.現(xiàn)在便利的交通使我們在短時間內(nèi)環(huán)游世界成為可能。*(2019·江蘇高考)Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearound.大腦越大,身體越難活動。*Shemadeitclearthatshewasagainsttheplan.她明確表示她反對該計劃。【知識延伸】“動詞+it+賓語補(bǔ)足語+真正的賓語”中的6123結(jié)構(gòu):?6指常用的動詞:think,believe,make,find,consider,feel;?1指形式賓語it;?2指賓語補(bǔ)足語的兩種形式:形容詞和名詞;?3指真正的賓語的三種形式:不定式、動名詞、賓語從句。Ifinditnouseadvisinghimtogiveupsmoking.我發(fā)現(xiàn)建議他戒煙是沒有用處的。ImustmakeitclearthatI’llalwayssupportyou.我必須說清楚我會一直支持你。(1)語法填空。①TheInternetmakesiteasierforpeopletokeepintouchwithothers.②Nomatterwhereheis,hemakesitaruletogo(go)forawalkbeforebreakfast.

(2)一句多譯。精通這項技術(shù)可能會讓我們更加有效地利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)。①M(fèi)asteringthetechnologymakesitpossibleforustousetheInternetmoreeffectively.(不定式作賓語)

②MasteringthetechnologymakesitpossiblethatwecanusetheInternetmoreeffectively.(從句作賓語)

9.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.

用他的雜交水稻種子,農(nóng)民們種出的糧食是以前的兩倍。【句式解構(gòu)】(1)此句為復(fù)雜的簡單句。句中分詞“Usinghishybridrice”為方式狀語。(2)“twiceaslargeas”為倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式。*Thisbuildingisfivetimesashighasthatone.這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。*People’saverageineisalmostfivetimeswhattheyearnedtenyearsago.人們的平均收入幾乎是十年前的五倍。*Thenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新擴(kuò)建的廣場是未擴(kuò)建時的四倍大。*Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisthreetimeslargerthantheirs.我們學(xué)校學(xué)生的人數(shù)是他們學(xué)校學(xué)生人數(shù)的三倍。(1)語法填空。①Theredruleristwicelonger(long)thantheyellowone.②It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwiceaslargeaswhatitwas.

(2)一句多譯。這個房間是那個房間的三倍大。①Thisroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.

②Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.

③Thisroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.

【拓視野·觀天下】1.Beijinghassignedagreementstoexporthighspeedtraintechnologytoanumberofcountries.北京已同多個國家簽署協(xié)議,向其出口高速列車技術(shù)。2.Theemercepanyhasexpandedfurtherintofieldssuchasmobilepaymentsandcloudputing.這家電子商務(wù)公司進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展到移動支付和云計算等領(lǐng)域。3.ItisastruggleforMilanandCortinaDanpezzotowinthehostofthe2026WinterOlympicsandParalympics.米蘭和科爾蒂納丹佩佐贏得2026年冬季奧運(yùn)會和冬季殘奧會的主辦權(quán)是件很費(fèi)力的事。4.Othercountrieshavelaunchedabout10Xraysatellites,buttheyhavedifferentadvantagesandthereforedifferentobservationfocuses.其他國家已經(jīng)發(fā)射了大約10顆X射線衛(wèi)星,不過它們有著不同的優(yōu)勢,因而有不同的觀測重點(diǎn)。課時檢測·素養(yǎng)達(dá)標(biāo)Ⅰ.語段填詞1.Hewasequipped(裝備)withdetailedknowledgeandtherefore(因此)waschasedbymajorpanies.2.Hestruggled(拼搏)hardtogetrid(擺脫)ofthedefeat.3.Ourforeigntradehasexpanded(擴(kuò)大)duringthelastdecade(十年).Everyyear,weexport(出口)alotofproductstomanydifferentcountries.4.Affectedbytheepidemic,theoutput(產(chǎn)量)ofthefactoryhasdroppedalot,whichisreallydisturbing(令人不安的).5.Hisoccupation(職業(yè))isrelatedtoairpollution;asaresult,healwaysremindspeopleoftheimportanceofensuringthefreshairthroughaircirculation(循環(huán)).Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.It’snoteasytoridoneselfofabadhabit.2.Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththejudgment,youhavetherightofappeal.3.Thankstoyourhelp,weacplishedthetaskaheadofschedule.4.Allcarsmustbeequipped(equip)withpartstoreduceemission.

5.Thepoorgirlhasbeenstrugglingwith/againstcancerfortwoyears.6.Hispanyhasexpandedintoabigoneaftertenyearsofhardwork.7.Hewasdisturbedtolearn(learn)thathischildwasill.

8.—Whatisyournationality(nation)?—Chinese.ButnowIlivewithmyson’sfamilyintheUS.9.Sheisoldenoughtohavethefreedom(free)todowhatshelikes.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Thisriveristwiceaslongasthatone.

這條河是那條河的兩倍長。2.Iseverybodyfeelingtired?Ifnot,let’scarryonourconversation.

大家都累了嗎?如果沒有,我們繼續(xù)談吧。3.Imadeitcleartoyouthatyoushouldbehaveyourselfattheparty.

我明確向你表示過,在聚會上你應(yīng)該舉止得體。4.Ioftenmakesomecakessothatthechildrencaneatthemwhentheyarehungry.

我經(jīng)常做一些蛋糕,為的是孩子們餓的時候可以吃。5.Arrivinghome,sheshowedmeherlargebrightcleansittingroom.到家后,她讓我看了她寬敞明亮潔凈的起居室。

Ⅳ.課文短文改錯YuanLongping,oneofChina’smostfamousscientistandtheFatherofSuperHybridRice,hasmadegreatachievementsinagriculturebothhomeandabroad.In1953whichYuanLongpinggraduatedfromcollege,hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmuchpartsofthecountryside.Tosolvetheproblem,YuanLongpingstruggledtofindanewwaytoimproveharvestswithoutexpandtheareaofthefields.Throughmanyyears’hardwork,YuanLongpingdevelopedthatwascalled“superhybridrice”in1973.Hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowingricethathasahighoutput.Hehasalsocirculatedhisknowledgetosomeothercountries.Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldwithhunger.YuanLongpingissatisfiedwithhislifebuthewouldliketohavemorefreedomtodotheirresearch.Althoughheisfamous,buthewantstoleadasimplelifeandhasadreamtoexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheworld.答案:1.【解析】第一句scientist改為scientists?？疾槊~單復(fù)數(shù)。oneof后跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.【解析】第一句home之前加介詞at?？疾楣潭ù钆?。athomeandabroad國內(nèi)外。3.【解析】第二句which改為when。考查定語從句。此處為定語從句,先行詞為時間,且從句中缺少時間狀語。4.【解析】第二句much改為many?？疾樾稳菰~。修飾復(fù)數(shù)parts,應(yīng)該用many。5.【解析】第三句expand改為expanding。考查介詞。without為介詞,后接動詞ing形式作賓語。6.【解析】第四句that改為what?？疾橘e語從句。此處為賓語從句,且從句中缺少主語。7.【解析】第五句growing改為grow?？疾楣潭ù钆洹hefirst...todosth.,為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。8.【解析】第七句with改為of?？疾榻樵~。rid...of...使……擺脫……,為固定搭配。9.【解析】第八句their改為his?？疾樾稳菰~性物主代詞。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的研究。10.【解析】第九句去掉but。although與but不能連用。課時素養(yǎng)評價四Unit2WarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.單句語法填空1.Dina,havingstruggled(struggle)formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.

2.Thesmallstoreeventuallyexpandedintoasupermarket.3.I’velookedupalotofinformationaboutsmokingandI’vefoundoutsomedisturbing(disturb)things.4.Weshouldequipourstudentswithwideknowledgesothattheycandomoreforthecountrywhentheygrowup.5.Furthermeasureswillbetakentorid(rid)ourstreetsofcrime.

6.Knockeddownbyabike,hewasbadlyhurtandhadtostruggletohisfeet.7.It’sbeendecades(decade)sinceIgraduatedfromcollege.8.Gettingridofhunger(hungry)isveryimportantinAfricancountries,becausetoomanypeoplehavestarvedtodeath.9.Havingridthepanyoftheheavydebts,themanagersmiledwithsatisfaction(satisfy).10.Ifyoustayoutinthesunforalongtime,youmaygetsunburnt(sunburn).Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1.Thankstoyourinspiration,Iamsuccessful.2.Youmustridyourselfoftheseoldfashionedideas.3.Iamnotsatisfiedwithyourwork;youmustimproveit.4.Theyhavespentalotofmoneyequippingalltheroomswithvideocameras.5.Whenyoucareaboutotherpeople,theytendtothinkalotofyou.6.Youhavetoletusstruggleforourselves,evenifwemustdieintheprocess.7.I’m18yearsoldandwillgraduatefromXinxingForeign8.Wesearchedforhours,butwecouldn’tfindmybike.9.Hecaresforthestudentswhohavedifficultystudying.10.Heisgoingtothefriends’homewiththehopeofborrowingmoremoneyfromit.Ⅲ.完成句子1.Asisknowntous,weliveinwhatiscalledtheinformationage.

眾所周知,我們生活在所謂的信息時代?！局R拓展】牢記what和that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別(1)that沒有詞義,也不作任何成分,當(dāng)從句意義完整,不缺任何成分時用that;Expertsbelievethatpeoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.專家認(rèn)為,人們可以通過只有需要時才購物這一方法來減少更多食物的浪費(fèi)。(2)what在從句中表示“……的(東西)”(有時候可以不譯),在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語,定語等成分。Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoingwhatyou’reafraidtodo.振作起來。勇氣就是去做你害怕去做的事情。2.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathewouldleaveofficesoon.

當(dāng)他明確表示他將很快離職時,我們都很驚訝。3.Heisalwaysthefirstteachertogettotheofficeandthelasttoleave.

他總是第一個到達(dá)辦公室,最后一個離開的老師。4.Ourschoolistwiceaslargeastheirs.

我們學(xué)校是他們(學(xué)校)的兩倍大。Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·北京高一檢測)Afewweeksago,IsatwithaCaliforniafarmernamedDaveRibeiro.Iaskedhimwhathewishedtoknowaboutfarmers.Hesmiledandsaid,“Thatwewalkamongyou.Welooklikeyouandtalklikeyou.Wehaveadvanceddegreesandhobbies,justlikeyou.”TakeDaveforexample:He’sayoungmanwithamusicdegree.Andifyouwalkedpasthimonthestreet,you’dneverthink,“Theregoesafarmer.”IssomeonelikeDavewhoyoupicturewhenyouthinkofafarmer?Probablynot.Ithinkthatmostpeoplewouldpictureamaninhisoveralls(工作服).Icantellyou,thatdoesnotrepresentDaveoranyofthemanyotherfarmersIhavegottentoknow.Notonlydowehavetothrowoutourpreviousimpressionoffarmers,butfarmingasawholedoesn’tlookmuchlikeitusedtoeither.Werecentlysentateamouttoseewhatmodernfarminglookslike,andtheyfoundfarmerstobepletelydifferentfromourusualideasaboutthemandalsocameacrosstheminsomeunexpectedplaces.InaparkinglotinaneighborhoodofBrooklyn,theymetanewcropofyoungfarmerswhoweretryingtobringfreshgreensclosertoeatersinthecitybygrowingtheminhightechindoorvertical(垂直的)farms.InaFloridafieldundertheflightpathofanairport,theydiscoveredfarmerswithuniversitydegreesgrowingplantsthatmightsomedayfuelourcars.AndinamodernfarminCalifornia,theyobservedhowfarmer