2023-2024學(xué)年外研版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)Unit 5 What an adventure!學(xué)案

1attempt[課本義]n．努力，嘗試[增補(bǔ)義]v．企圖；嘗試①(2023·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Everyyearabout40，000peopleattempttoclimb(climb)Kilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica．②Ifyoufailatthefirstattempt,thereisnoneedtobeupsetaboutit．③我們?cè)噲D在黑暗中認(rèn)出回家的路，但是白費(fèi)力氣。Wemadeanattempttomakeoutthewaybackhomeinthedarkness，butinvain．(attemptn．)makeanattempttodo/atdoing...企圖/試圖要做……attempttodo...嘗試(試圖)做……attemptedadj．未遂的makeanattempttoclimb/atclimbingthemountain嘗試著爬上那座山attemptatfinishingthetaskinadvance努力提前完成任務(wù)2charge[課本義]n．主管，負(fù)責(zé)[增補(bǔ)義]n．費(fèi)用；價(jià)錢(qián)v．收費(fèi)；控告；充電①I(mǎi)wonderhowmuchyouwillchargeusforthesix-weekcourse．②Chargedwithactingdishonestlyinherbusiness，shewasinlowspirits．③Theprogrammecan'tbeinthechargeofhimbecauseitisbeyondhisability．＝Hecan'tbeinchargeoftheprogrammebecauseitisbeyondhisability．④店主沒(méi)有收我這本書(shū)的錢(qián)，這使我心中涌起一股暖意和感激之情。Theshopownerchargedmenothingforthebook,whichmademefeelawaveofwarmthandgratitudewellingupwithinme．incharge主管；看管inchargeof掌管；負(fù)責(zé)inthechargeof...在……掌管之下takechargeof掌管；負(fù)責(zé)；控制freeofcharge免費(fèi)chargesb．for...因……向某人收費(fèi)chargesb．with(doing)sth．控告/指責(zé)某人(做)某事speaktothepersonincharge與負(fù)責(zé)人談?wù)則akechargeoftheprogramme負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目bechargedwithabusingpower被指控濫用職權(quán)chargemefiftydollarsforacupofcoffee一杯咖啡向我收費(fèi)50美元3permit[課本義]v．允許，準(zhǔn)許，許可[增補(bǔ)義]n．執(zhí)照；許可證；通行證①Beforetheemergencycanbecontrolled,noonewillbepermittedtoleave(leave)thecommunitywithoutpermission(permit)．②Thevisitorsareremindedthatthemuseumdoesn'tpermitsmoking(smoke)．③(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)MyparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrandideaandcalledBetsy'sdadwiththeirpermission(permit)．④(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Iftimepermits,Idohopeyouwillattendthisyear'smusicfestival．→Timepermitting,Idohopeyouwillattendthisyear'smusicfestival．(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))permitsb．todosth．允許某人做某事permitdoingsth．允許做某事permissionn．[U]允許；許可withoutpermission未經(jīng)允許aworkpermit工作執(zhí)照benotpermittedtocallanywhereinthelibrary圖書(shū)館內(nèi)任何地方都禁止打電話(huà)[名師點(diǎn)津]類(lèi)似用法還有：allowdoingsth．/sb．todosth．允許(某人)做某事forbiddoingsth．/sb．todosth．禁止(某人)做某事advisedoingsth．/sb．todosth．建議(某人)做某事4relatev．相聯(lián)系，有關(guān)聯(lián)；講述①Thereportseekstorelatetheriseincrimetoanincreaseinunemployment．②FacingtheproblemwhichmajorIshouldtake,Iamwritingtoyoutolearnabouttherelated(relate)information．③Latestdevelopmentinrelation(relate)tothediseasewillbediscussedindetailinnextmeeting．④(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)OurschoolisgoingtoholdathemeclassmeetingthatisrelatedtotraditionalChineseculture(與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化有關(guān))．I'mwritingtoaskforyourvaluableadvice．relate...to...把……和……聯(lián)系在一起relatesth．tosb．向某人敘述/講述某事relateto...和……有關(guān)聯(lián)；和……合得來(lái)relatedadj．相關(guān)的；有(親屬)關(guān)系的berelatedto...和……有關(guān)的；和……有聯(lián)系的relationn．關(guān)系in/withrelationto關(guān)于；與……相比berelatedtoChina'shigh-techinnovation與中國(guó)高科技創(chuàng)新有關(guān)advancethefriendlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountries促進(jìn)兩國(guó)之間的關(guān)系5distinguish[課本義]v．看清，認(rèn)出[增補(bǔ)義]v．區(qū)別；辨認(rèn)；使杰出；使顯出特色①(2021·浙江卷)Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy．②Ababycanevendistinguishhisorhermother'svoicefromthatofafemalestranger．③(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)IcanintroduceChinesepaintingtoourdistinguished(distinguish)guestsefficientlywhileofferingthemconstructiveguidance．④Paper-cuttingisdistinguishedasatraditionalartform(作為一種傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式而出名)，whichisverypopularinChina．distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分……和……distinguish...from...把……與……區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)distinguishoneselfas/tobe...作為……而出名distinguishedadj．卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor/as...因/作為……而出名distinguishbetweengoodandevil區(qū)別善惡distinguishmanfromtheanimals把人類(lèi)與動(dòng)物區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)6surroundv．環(huán)繞，圍繞①Surroundingyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwithsupportcanbeverybeneficial．②(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftcloudssurrounding(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears．③(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)綠樹(shù)環(huán)繞，這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)坐落于我們學(xué)校附近的山腳下。一條小河穿行其中。Surroundedbygreentrees，thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool．Thereisasmallriverflowingthroughthefarm．surround...with...用……包圍/圍繞……besurroundedby/with...被……包圍surroundingadj．周?chē)膕urroundingsn．環(huán)境；周?chē)氖挛飈iketosurroundhimselfwithamusingpeople喜歡和有趣的人在一起besurroundedbyfamilyandfriends有家人和朋友陪伴在身邊liveincomfortableandbeautifulsurroundings居住在舒適美麗的環(huán)境中7[教材原句]ChristopherColumbus(1451－1506)wasanItalianexplorerwhocompletedjourneysbetweenSpainandtheAmericas,thusmarkingthebeginningofEuropeanexplorationoftheAmericas．克里斯托弗·哥倫布(1451－1506)是一名意大利探險(xiǎn)家，他完成了西班牙和美洲之間的航行，從而標(biāo)志著歐洲對(duì)美洲探險(xiǎn)的開(kāi)始。①(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducing(reduce)waterfowlhabitat(棲息地)．②YesterdayIwenttoseemygoodfriend,onlytolearn(learn)thatshehadgoneabroadaweekbefore．③Ibelievetheexperiencewillalsobebeneficialtoyou，makingyourlifemorecolourfulandrewarding(使你的生活更加豐富多彩、有意義)．v．-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示意料之中、自然而然的結(jié)果，詞前可加thus以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)常表示出乎意料或不好的結(jié)果，其前常加only表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。Publicinfrastructuredidnotkeeppacewithurbansprawl,causingmassivecongestionproblems．公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施跟不上城市擴(kuò)張的步伐，造成了大量的擁堵問(wèn)題。8[教材原句]ShallIbebelievedwhenIsaythat,atthedepthofthirtyfeet,IcouldseeasifIwasinbroaddaylight？當(dāng)我說(shuō)，在海面以下三十英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一樣看得清清楚楚，人們會(huì)相信嗎？①Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifshewere(be)theirownmother．②ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow．WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddone(do)it?③Thepatientopenedhismouthasiftosay(say)something．④Thetennisplayerislyingonthefloorasifhurt(hurt)badly．⑤在明亮的陽(yáng)光下，湖面看起來(lái)好像點(diǎn)綴著閃閃發(fā)光的鉆石。Inthebrightsunlightthesurfaceofthelakelooksasifitweredottedwithshiningdiamonds．如果從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的，從句謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣；如果從句所陳述的情況是不真實(shí)的或極少可能發(fā)生的，從句謂語(yǔ)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：did/were與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：haddone與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反：would/could...＋do如果asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且含有be動(dòng)詞，可省略從句主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。Lookatthedarkcloudsinthesky!Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain．Let'shurryup．看看天上的烏云！看起來(lái)好像要下雨，咱們快一點(diǎn)。Ⅰ．用所給詞的正確形式填空1．Theteam，havingattemptedtoclimb(climb)theworld'ssecondtallestmountaintwice,finallydecidedtogiveup．2．Passengersarepermittedtocarry(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane．3．DavidspeaksEnglishperfectlyasifhehadlived(live)inEnglandformanyyears．4．Ourschoolhasrecentlyobtainedthelatestmultimediaequipment,allowing(allow)studentstolearnefficientlyunderspecialcircumstances．5．Ithasbeenconfirmedthatthemancharged(charge)withstealingthecarwastakentothepolice．6．Sheisdistinguished(distinguish)asapsychologist，whooffersfrequenthelptothoseteenagersintrouble．Ⅱ．在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~1．Thetwinsweresomuchalikethatitwashardtodistinguishonefromtheother．2．Tohisgreatjoy，hesucceededingettingthejobhehaddreamingaboutathisfirstattempt．3．Surroundedby/withvariousflowersandtalltrees,thevillageisveryappealingandappealstotourists．4．(2020·天津5月卷)Ifyourcardhasbeenlost,afeeof￡5ischargedfortheproductionofareplacementcard．Ⅰ．用所給詞的正確形式填空1．(2021·天津3月卷)Fascinated(fascinate)bythestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter,sheisequallyinterestedtolearnmoreaboutChinesephilosophy．2．Thepresidentturnedupatthepartylastnight,confirming(confirm)thathehadrecoveredfromhisillness．3．Thebuswassocrowded(crowd)thatIhadtostandallthewaytotheschool．4．(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings，ourmistakesandourfailures(fail)．Ⅱ．在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~1．Whileitwasratherdifficultaccordingtosomeexperts,thewebsitesucceededinhelpingamanrestorehislostmemory．2．Theambassadorisaneasy-goingandfriendlyman,wholeavesagoodimpressiononthestaff．3．Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionwasbroughtintofocusafterhispassionatespeech．4．Susanworkshardinthedaytimeandhasabadnight'ssleep,whichaccountsforherpaleface．Ⅰ．熟詞生義(選出黑體詞在句中的漢語(yǔ)意思)1．(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers'effortstoavoidthecharge，accordingtoTreasuryfigures．BA．主管B．收費(fèi)C．指控2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong，inthisbookDr．Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur．CA．失敗 B．未做(應(yīng)做之事)C．失敗的事Ⅱ．長(zhǎng)難語(yǔ)句(分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯成漢語(yǔ))1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage，withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears．本句為復(fù)合句。thattherewasaglobal...age為賓語(yǔ)從句；withtheuse...remarkably為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語(yǔ)。[嘗試翻譯]對(duì)語(yǔ)言數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的分析也證實(shí)了，新石器時(shí)代之后，世界語(yǔ)言的發(fā)音發(fā)生了全球性的變化，在過(guò)去幾千年里，“f”和“v”的使用顯著增加。2．(2022·浙江1月卷)IfelthetreatedmeasthoughIwouldholdhimbackandprobablymakehimfailtogetanAinthecourse．本句為復(fù)合句。句中hetreatedme為省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句；asthoughIwould...thecourse為asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句。[嘗試翻譯]我覺(jué)得他對(duì)我的態(tài)度就好像我會(huì)拖他的后腿，可能會(huì)讓他在課程中得不到A。短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)?jiān)诳瞻滋幪钊?個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并背誦該短文。Iliveinaportcity．LastSaturday,someofmyfriendscametovisitmeandItookthemtotheseashoreforfun．Myfriendsneversawtheseainreallifebefore，andthusthemomentwegotthere,theywere1．a(chǎn)stonished(astonish)atitsbroadness．Theshore2．stretches(stretch)formilesandthewindblowsgentlyacrossthesea,3．wrinkling(wrinkle)itssurface．Afterlunch,wesetoffforapopularisland4．whichwasabouttwoleaguesfromthecoast．However,ourinitialattempt5．tobuy(buy)shipticketsamongcrowdsofpeoplefailed．6．Fortunately(fortunate),afisherman,whowecalled“GreatCaptain”，permittedtakingusthere,free7．ofcharge，whichmadeusexcited．Everythingwentwell8．until/beforeNickbrokehislegashewaslandingontheisland．Hisleftlegwascutbyasharpstoneandstartedtobleedimmediately．Itwasimpossibleforustofindahospitalnearbysincetheisland9．wassurrounded(surround)bythesea．Whenwewerepanickedaboutwhattodo,alocalresidentcametoourhelp．Hehappenedtocarryafirstaidkit(工具箱)withhim．AftercleaningNick'swound,hecoveredhislegwithabandagetostopthe10．bleeding(bleed)．Wethankedhimalot．Laterthatday,myfriendsandIhadagreattime．用本單元詞匯、句式和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)完成滿(mǎn)分作文假定你今年暑假和父母去了夏威夷，經(jīng)歷了人生第一次潛水探險(xiǎn)。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一篇短文，描述自己的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：1．潛水地點(diǎn)(PupukeaBeach)；2．下水前的心情；3．海里的魚(yú)類(lèi)。注意：詞數(shù)80左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Todaytheadventurestoryismyfirstdivingexperience．IntheearlymorningmyparentsandIwenttoPupukeaBeach，whichisdistinguishedforthemarinereserve．Afraidofsharks，Idarenotjumpintothesea．Withthecoach'sencouragementImadeanattempttoovercomemyfearandjumpedintothesea．Tomyastonishment，Ifoundmyselfsurroundedbygroupsoffishesofallkinds．WhatshockedmemostwasthatIcouldseesomesharksrunningafterthefishgroups,whichleftadeepimpressiononme．Myfirstdivingexperienceisimpressiveandunforgettable．Atthesametime,weshouldbekindtotheseacreaturesandliveinharmonywiththem．情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)之“吃驚”(二)Step1．儲(chǔ)備詞匯(記牢本單元可用于描寫(xiě)的詞匯)短語(yǔ)①one'seyesopeninsurprise吃驚地睜大眼睛②benumbwithshock驚呆了③jumpoutofone'sskin大吃一驚④knocksb．sideways使某人驚訝得目瞪口呆⑤shakeone'sheadindisbelief難以置信地?fù)u頭⑥withhiseyesopen睜大了他的眼睛Step2．嘗試練筆(翻譯下面的續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)句)用表“吃驚”的表達(dá)和其他描寫(xiě)手法補(bǔ)全下列句子①邁克慢慢地轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身向窗外望去，結(jié)果他面對(duì)著一堵空白的墻。Mikeslowlyturnedtolookoutofthewindow,onlytofaceablankwall．(不定式短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))②他呆住了，驚奇地睜大了眼睛。Hefrozewithhiseyesopeninsurprise．(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))③他既困惑又驚訝，目瞪口呆地看著墻?！盀槭裁词菈Γ俊彼哉Z(yǔ)。Confusedandastonished,hegapedatthewall,wide-eyed．“Whyisitawall？”hemurmured．(形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))④似乎過(guò)了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，他才回過(guò)神來(lái)，轉(zhuǎn)向護(hù)士問(wèn)道：“約翰是怎么看到外面那些令人印象深刻的景色，并描述給我聽(tīng)的？”Afterwhatseemedalongtime,herecoveredhimselfandturnedtothenurse,asking“HowcouldJohnhaveseenthoseimpressiveviewsoutsideanddescribeforme？”(what從句作賓語(yǔ))⑤護(hù)士慢慢答道：“也許他只是想鼓勵(lì)你。約翰是個(gè)盲人，他看不見(jiàn)墻?！甭勓?，他無(wú)語(yǔ)了，難以置信地?fù)u頭。Thenurserepliedslowly,“Perhapshejustwantedtoencourageyou．Johnwasblindandcouldnotseethewall．”Atthis,hewasspeechless,shakinghisheadindisbelief．(分詞作狀語(yǔ))課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十七)Ⅰ．閱讀理解A篇（限時(shí)6分鐘）(2022·開(kāi)封市高三模擬考試)Excellentfilmshaveadirectandprofoundimpactonkidsofallages．Thefollowingisalistofwonderfulmoviesforchildren．Pokémon：DetectivePikachuPokémon：DetectivePikachuisamysteryadventuresetinafictionalcityinwhichhumansandPokémoncoexist．StarringRyanReynoldsasthevoiceofaPikachuwhocanspeaktoonlyonehuman，Tim(JusticeSmith)，thestoryexploreshowthetwoteamuptolookintothesupposedlyaccidentaldeathofTim'sdetectivefather．There'sdefinitelysomeviolenceincludingaterriblecarcrashbutnothinggetsbloody．Themaincharactersarefrequentlyindanger，butnoonedies．Thestorypromotesteamwork，courage，andfriendshipandshowshoweventheseeminglyinexperiencedcanmakeadifference．ArtemisFowlArtemisFowlisasci-fifantasyadventurebasedonthebest-sellingseriesbyEoinColfer．ArtemisFowlⅡ(FerdiaShaw)isa12-year-oldtalent．Whenhisfathergoesmissing，ArtemisforcesfairyofficerHollyShort(LaraMcDonnell)togowithhimintothedark，hiddenworldofmagicandfairiestotrytorestorethemboth．Thebookseriesistween-friendly，soyoucanexpectthemovietobefriendly，too．FrozenⅡForkids，F(xiàn)rozenⅡisahighlyexpected3-Dcomputer-animatedmusicalfantasyfilmthatcontinuesthestoryofElsa(voicedbyIdinaMenzel)，aqueenwithicypowers，andherwarm-heartedsister，Anna(voicedbyKristenBell)．Althoughthedetailsofthemoviehaven'tbeenannouncedyet，it'ssafetoexpectthereturnofKristoff(voicedbyJonathanGroff)andkindsnowmanOlaf(voicedbyJoshGad)．StarWars：EpisodeIX－TheRiseofSkywalkerStarWars：EpisodeIXisthefinalmovieinthemostrecentStarWarsseries．Althoughthemovie'splotdetailsarestillcompletelyunknown，itseemscertainthatmanyheroesandvillains(主要反面人物)willcomeback．Expectanotherthrilling，action-packedsci-fiadventure；hopefullyitwillprovideasatisfyingconclusionfortweens，teens，andup．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾部適合兒童觀看的精彩電影。1．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstmovie?A．Pokémonfinallydiesinthecarcrash．B．Effectiveteamworkcanturnthetables．C．Itseemshardtomakealastingfriendship．D．There'salotofbloodyviolenceinthemovie．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Pokémon：DetectivePikachu部分中的“Thestorypromotes...canmakeadifference．”可知，Pokémon：DetectivePikachu這部電影展示了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。故B項(xiàng)“有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作可以扭轉(zhuǎn)形勢(shì)”正確。turnthetables“扭轉(zhuǎn)形勢(shì)；轉(zhuǎn)變局面；轉(zhuǎn)弱為強(qiáng)”。]2．WhichofthefollowingmoviescomesfromEoinColfer'sbookseries?A．FrozenⅡ．B．ArtemisFowl．C．StarWars：EpisodeIX－TheRiseofSkywalker．D．Pokémon：DetectivePikachu．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArtemisFowl部分中的“ArtemisFowl...byEoinColfer．”可知，ArtemisFowl改編自EoinColfer的暢銷(xiāo)系列書(shū)，故B項(xiàng)正確。]3．Whatsimilaritydothelasttwomoviesshare?A．They'resci-fiadventures．B．They'remusicalfantasyfilms．C．They'retooviolentforlittlekids．D．They'rekeepingtheirplotdetailssecret．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FrozenⅡ部分中的“thedetailsofthemoviehaven'tbeenannouncedyet”和StarWars：EpisodeIX－TheRiseofSkywalker部分中的“themovie'splotdetailsarestillcompletelyunknown”可知，后兩部電影的共同之處在于電影細(xì)節(jié)尚未公布，故D項(xiàng)正確。]eq\a\vs4\al(B)篇eq\a\vs4\al(（限時(shí)7分鐘）)(2022·甘肅省第一次高考診斷考試)It'snosecretthatwalkingisgoodforyou．Manyofusaretryingtogetinthoserecommended10，000stepsadaythatourwearablefitnesstechnologyurgesustoachieve．Buthowmanycaloriesareweactuallyburning，andhowcanwegetthemostoutofthosesteps？Findanswersintheseways．Doyouknowthetruthaboutcalorie-burning？Walkingisamoderateintensityformofexercise．Togetthemostcalorie-burningbenefits，then，itwouldseemthatwalkingataconsistentlylightpacewouldmakethemostsense．Payattentiontoyourheartrateandhowyoufeel．Wearabletechnologycancertainlyprovideanideaofprogresstowardyourcalorie-burninggoals．Usingfitnesstrackerequipmenttohelpyourecognizewhenyoureachyourtargetheartratezonescanhelpyoumaximizethecalorie-burning．Walkingisoftenconsideredasagreatfat-burningexercise，andwithgoodreason．Youcan'treallywalkathigherintensitiesbecauseofthenatureoftheexercise；therefore，youendupinlow-intensityzones，whereyoutendtoburnmorefat．Whenyou'rewalkingatalighterintensitywithyourheartrateinthe57%to63%range，youaremorelikelytobeusingfatforfuel．Nomatterwhatyourspeedis，theformmatters．Whendonewithagoodform，walkingisanincrediblybeneficialformofexercisefortotalhealthandwellnessbeyondmerecaloricburn．Moreover，walkingisthemostaccessibleformofexercisebecauseitdoesn'trequireanyspecialclothes，equipmentormembership．Whetheryourgoalisfatloss，increasedfitnessorsimplyenhancingyouroverallhealthandwellness，walkingoffersallthesebenefitsandmore．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講了如何在走路的時(shí)候以最恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞阶畲蟪潭鹊厝紵防铩?．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A．Tointroducethetopic．B．Tocomparewalkingwithotherexercise．C．Toexplainthewearablefitnesstechnology．D．Toshowtheimportanceof10，000stepsaday．A[寫(xiě)作意圖題。轉(zhuǎn)折后面一般是敘述的重點(diǎn)，本段轉(zhuǎn)折后面的問(wèn)句設(shè)置懸念，又根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Findanswersintheseways．”可知，下文應(yīng)該會(huì)回答這些問(wèn)題，因此，本段旨在引出下文，即本文的主題，故A項(xiàng)正確。]5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensity”inparagraph2mean?A．Depth． B．Strength．C．Height． D．Distance．B[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenyou'rewalking...usingfatforfuel．”可知，當(dāng)你以較小的“intensity”走路，心率在57%到63%之間時(shí)，你很可能用脂肪作燃料。由此可以推測(cè)，“intensity”的意思與B項(xiàng)較為接近。]6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Walkingathighintensitiesisrecommended．B．Yourwalkingspeedisthemostimportanttocalorie-burning．C．Walkingcanburncaloriesbetterifyouwalkinaproperform．D．Itismoreconvenienttowalkforthosewhohavegymmembership．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Nomatterwhat...beyondmerecaloricburn．”可知，無(wú)論你以什么樣的速度，方式非常重要，如果以良好的方式進(jìn)行，走路是一種非常有益的鍛煉方式，不僅能燃燒卡路里，還能促進(jìn)身體健康，故C項(xiàng)正確。]7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Walking10，000StepsaDayMattersB．WalkingBenefitsYourHeartC．HowtoBestBurnCaloriesWhileYou'reWalkingD．HowtoUseWearableFitnessTechnologyWhileYou'reWalkingC[標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段最后一句“Findanswersintheseways．”承上啟下，再結(jié)合前面的問(wèn)句可知，本文主要講了“找到在你走路時(shí)如何最大化地燃燒卡路里的答案”，故C項(xiàng)“如何在你走路時(shí)最大程度地燃燒卡路里”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。]eq\a\vs4\al(C)篇eq\a\vs4\al(（限時(shí)7分鐘）)ThecoolingeffectoftreesreducesthesurfacetemperatureofEuropeancitiesinthesummerbyupto12℃insomeregions．Incontrast，greenspaceswithouttreeshaveaninsignificanteffect，accordingtoastudythatstrengthensthecasefortreeplantingtohelpcitiesadapttoglobalwarming．JonasSchwaabatETHZurichinSwitzerlandandhiscolleaguesusedlandsurfacetemperaturedatacollectedbysatellitetocomparethetemperaturedifferencesbetweenareascoveredbytreesandtreelessurbangreenspaces，suchasparksandurbanconstructionssuchasroadsandbuildings．Theyanalysed293citiesfromacrossEurope．Thelandsurfacetemperaturemeasuredbysatelliteisn'tthesameastheairtemperature，whichismorecloselylinkedtowhathumanswouldfeel，saysSchwaab．“Usually，theairtemperaturedifferencesbetweentree-coveredareasandbuilt-upareaswouldbemuchsmallerthanthelandsurfacetemperaturedifferences，”hesays．Theteamfoundthattree-coveredareasincitieshaveamuchlowerlandsurfacetemperaturecomparedwithsurroundingareas．Thedifferenceswerebetween8℃and12℃incentralEuropeandbetween0℃and4℃insouthernEurope．Thecoolingeffectoftreescomeslargelyfromshadingandtranspiration(蒸騰)．Thisprocesstakesheatenergyfromthesurroundingenvironmentforevaporation(蒸發(fā))，loweringthesurroundingtemperature．InthewarmerclimateofsouthernEurope，thesoilistypicallydrier，sothecoolingeffectoftranspirationislowerthanthatinregionsfurthernorth，saysSchwaab．Theteamalsofoundthatthecoolingprovidedbytreelessgreenspacesisinsignificant，andinsomeinstancesgreenareaswithouttreescanevenbewarmerthanthesurroundingurbanareas．ExtremeheatisagrowingproblemforcitiesinEuropeandelsewhereastheplanetgetshotter．ThefindingsshowthattreescanhaveabiginfluenceoncitiesacrossEurope，butsincethesizeoftheireffectsvaries，heatreductionstrategiesshouldbetailoredtosuiteachregion，saysSchwaab．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)樹(shù)木可以幫助降低城市的地表溫度，本文主要講述了研究的結(jié)果、樹(shù)木降溫作用的原理和研究結(jié)果帶給人們的反思。8．What'sthepurposeofthestudy?A．Tomeasurelandandairtemperatures．B．Tosuggestplantingmoretreesincities．C．Tomakepeopleawareofglobalwarming．D．Tostresstheimportanceofgreenspaces．B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“astudythatstrengthensthecasefortreeplantingtohelpcitiesadapttoglobalwarming．”可以推斷，研究的目的是號(hào)召人們多種樹(shù)來(lái)幫助城市適應(yīng)全球變暖，故B項(xiàng)正確。]9．WhyisthecoolingeffectoftranspirationlowerinsouthernEurope?A．Thesoilisdrier．B．Theclimateiscolder．C．Therearemoregreenspaces．D．Therearemoreroadsandbuildings．A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“InthewarmerclimateofsouthernEurope，thesoilistypicallydrier，so...inregionsfurthernorth”可知，歐洲南部蒸騰冷卻效果較差的原因是土壤通常較干燥，故A項(xiàng)正確。]10．WhatmightSchwaabsuggestinthelastparagraph?A．Wetlandsshouldbeenlarged．B．Drysoilshouldbereduced．C．Moreroadsshouldbebuilt．D．Solutionsshouldbedifferent．D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Schwaab所說(shuō)的“heatreductionstrategiesshouldbetailoredtosuiteachregion”可以判斷，Schwaab建議因地制宜，針對(duì)不同的區(qū)域采用不同的降溫策略，故D項(xiàng)正確。]11．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TreesCooltheLandSurfaceTemperatureofCitiesB．ResearchersRaiseSolutionstoExtremeWeatherC．HighTechLowerstheLandSurfaceTemperatureD．ExtremeHeatDoesHarmtotheEnvironmentA[標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是第一段中的“Thecoolingeffect...ofEuropeancities”和最后一段中的“Thefindingsshowthattreescanhaveabiginfluenceoncities”可知，本文主要講述了樹(shù)木可以降低城市地表溫度，故A項(xiàng)適合作本文的標(biāo)題。]Ⅱ．完形填空eq\a\vs4\al(（限時(shí)12分鐘）)(2022·廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班綜合測(cè)試)I'dworkedfourmonthsatauniversitywhenwehadagoing-awaypartyforSandy，whowasmovingtoLondon．WhenIgottoworkthenextday，Iwas1toseeSandythere．“Aren'tyousupposedtobeinLondon？”Iasked．She2meandsaid，“I'mHelen．”IthenfoundoutthatIhaveararedisease—faceblindness．This3sentmetothedoctor．Ididn'tthinkmuchaboutit．4，Iwasasuccessfuladult—whowouldcareifmy5wasn'tquitelikeeveryoneelse's?Then，ImetDrSmith．“Yourabilitytolearnnewfacesisamongtheworst，”hesaid．“Asforcures，nothingsofarhasbeenvery6．”Afterasadgoodbye，Ifledintears．Iwas7untilDadgavemesomeimportantadvice．“Everyonejustwantstotalkaboutthemselves，”hesaid．“Justaskquestions．”This8transformedmylife．Whenwalkingoncampus，ifsomeonelookedmyway，I9．Iftheysmiled，Istoppedtochat．SoonIbecameanexpertattalkingto10．Thisyear，Icelebratedmybirthdaywithover60friends，manyofwhomIwasn'tableto11．Iwasfinewiththat．12，Icantakecoursestotreatmyillness，butI'dratherspendthattimeonsomethingI13，likelookingatbirds．Igetsucha14identifyingthem．15myfaceblindness，I'velearnttoseetheworld．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己患有一種罕見(jiàn)的疾病——臉盲癥。醫(yī)生告知作者該疾病到目前為止沒(méi)有治愈的可能性，作者因此很絕望。作者的父親提了一些建議，這些建議改變了作者的生活。從那之后，作者變得更加健談了，結(jié)識(shí)了很多朋友，學(xué)會(huì)了以新的視角看世界。1．A．excited B．surprisedC．frightened D．pleasedB[根據(jù)上文中的“agoing-awaypartyforSandy”可知，空前講舉辦派對(duì)為Sandy送行，第二天上班時(shí)作者又看到了“Sandy”，因此作者肯定很吃驚。故選B。]2．A．staredat B．thoughtofC．gotawayfrom D．reachedoutforA[根據(jù)空前的“你難道現(xiàn)在不應(yīng)該在倫敦嗎？”和空后的“我是Helen”可推知，對(duì)方應(yīng)是盯著作者看。故選A。]3．A．disaster B．a(chǎn)ccidentC．discovery D．expectationC[根據(jù)空前的“foundout”可知，此處是作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己患有臉盲癥，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)促使作者去看醫(yī)生。disaster“災(zāi)難，災(zāi)害”；accident“(交通)事故”；discovery“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；expectation“預(yù)期，期望”。故選C。]4．A．However B．SomehowC．Anyway D．MoreoverC[作者對(duì)這件事沒(méi)想太多。因?yàn)椴还茉鯓幼髡呤且粋€(gè)成功的成年人，如果自己的大腦與其他人的不一樣，誰(shuí)又會(huì)在意呢？據(jù)此可知，anyway“無(wú)論如何，至少”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。]5．A．illness B．growthC．face D．brainD[參見(jiàn)上題解析。]6．A．promising B．popularC．cheap D．comfortableA[根據(jù)空后的“Afterasadgoodbye，Ifledintears．”可推知，此處應(yīng)是說(shuō)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為作者的臉盲癥沒(méi)有治愈的希望。promising“有希望的”，故選A。]7．A．unconce