廣東省深圳市福田區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上冊期末考試英語模擬試題（附答案）

廣東省深圳市福田區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語模擬試題注意事項：1.答題前，考生將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。需改動用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回?？荚嚂r間120分鐘，滿分120分。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AColumbiaEngineering’sSummerHighSchoolAcademicProgramforEngineers(SHAPE)isaselectivepre-collegeprogramforhighschoolstudentsandrecentgraduates.SHAPEistailoredforstudentswithagiftforSTEM:science,technology,engineering,andmathematics.Each3-weeksessionofferscollege-level,project-basedcoursesinengineeringtaughtbycelebratedprofessorsattheuniversitySHAPEgivesstudentsamorerealisticpictureofwhatitmeanstobeanengineer,anditsprofessionaldevelopmentcomponentshelpstudentsdeveloptheskillstheyneedtogetthere.CoursesSHAPEfeaturescreativeproblem-solvingcoursesandexposesstudentstoinnovativeengineeringtechniquesandknowledgepresentedbyprofessors.PleasenotethatSHAPEdoesnotprovidecollegecredit.StudentsgainaccesstothefamousMakerceandstate-of-the-art(最先進的)researchlaboratoriesaftercompletingthesafetytrainingandwillonlydosoundercloseguidance.SHAPEalsoprovidesstudentswithworkshopstoexplorecareerfields,professionaldevelopment,andguidanceonsharpeningone’scollegeapplicationfromadmissionsofficers.Studentsintheprogramwillbevisitingcompaniesandorganizationsthatshowtheclassroomcontentinpractice.ApplicationStudentsareselectedbasedonthefollowingcriteria(標準):1.Strongacademicrecord2.PersonalstatementtodemonstrateexcitementandinterestinSTEMthroughengagementinchallengingcourses,activities,projects,etc.3.Enthusiasticletterofrecommendationsubmittedbyamathorscienceteacher4.CreativeresponsestotworequiredquestionsandoneofthethreeoptionalquestionsWeencourageallstudentstoapplybytheprioritydeadlineofJune15,2023,sothereisnoapplicationfee.Aftertheprioritydeadline,a$50applicationfeeisrequired.SHAPEisdedicatedtosupportingstudentsandtheirfamiliesinneedoffinancialassistance.Weofferalimitednumberofneed-basedscholarships,whichcoverthefullcostofSHAPETobeconsideredforaneed-basedscholarship,familieswillneedtoprovidearecentpayreceiptandcompleteaFamilyIncomeandExpenseWorksheet.Email:formoreinformation.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSHAPE?A.ItsuitsstudentstalentedinSTEM.B.ItshowstheprocedureoflearningSTEM.C.Itservesasthestartofstudents’collegelife.D.Itgivesstudentschancestoworkwithengineers.2.InSHAPE,studentscan________.A.befreetoexploretheMakerce B.earncollegecreditforfuturestudyC.putschoolknowledgeintopractice D.beequippedwithskillsforengineering3.TosecureaplaceinSHAPE,studentsneedto________.A.showtheirfamilyfinancialstate B.answerallthegivenquestionsC.payapplicationfeesbeforedeadline D.provetheirlearningcapabilityBIt’s1:30aminKenya’spopulatednorth,and50peoplearelyingontheirbacksontheshoreofadried-upriver,staringupatthenightsky.Thesestargazershavetravelled250milestoSamburutowitnessthePerseidmeteorshower(英仙座流星雨).Theyarenotdisappointed:Everyfewminutes,arrowsoflightshootacrosstheskylikesilentfireworks.TheStarSafariisorganisedbyaKenyanastronomer,SusanMurabana,whohasbroughta50kg,170cm-longtelescopetoallowthegrouptoviewMarsanddeep-skyobjects.ButhereinSamburu,wherelightpollutionisminimal,thePerseidmeteors—visiblewiththenakedeye(裸眼)—stealtheshow.Everytwomonths,Murabanaandherhusbandloadtheirtelescopeontotheroofoftheir4×4andsetofftoruralcommunities,wheretheygiveupto300childrenachancetoviewtheplanetsandlearnaboutconstellations(星座)andthebasicsofastrophysics(天體物理學(xué)).Theyprimarilytargetsschoolsinremoteareasbecauseofhermissiontogivegirlsanopportunitythatshewisheshadbeenavailabletoher.“WhenIstartedthiswork,Ididn’tseepeoplewholookedlikeme.IwasalonerangerandIwantedtochangethat.”saysMurabana.“Thereisacommonmisconception(誤解)inKenyathatastronomyingeneralishard,boring,andonlyforboys,”sheadds.“I’dliketoteachyounggirlsthatastronomyisneitherofthesethingsandthatthey,too,canbecomeastronomers,”saysMurabana.Murabana’spassionforastronomybeganinherearly20swhenheruncleinvitedhertojoinasimilaroutreachsessionorganizedbytheCosmosEducation.“Thatwasagamechanger.IfanoutreachgrouphadcometomewhenIwasayoungteenager,myattitudetowardsacareerinastronomywouldhavebeenpositive.Iendedupstudyingsociologyandeconomics,butmaybeIwouldhavedesiredtobeanastronomer,”shesays.InspiredbytheCosmosEducation,Murabanacompletedanonlinemaster’sdegreeinastronomywiththeJamesCookUniversityin2011andsetupherownoutreachprogramme.SheregardedDr.MaeJemison,thefirstblackwomanince,asarolemodel.“Ihopethatoneday,throughthiswork,IwillrkachainreactionthatleadstothefirstAfricanwomanince.”4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“stealtheshow”inparagraph2mean?A.Ruintheeffort. B.Facethechallenge.C.Attractmoreattention. D.Keepthepromise.5.WhydoesMurabanatargetgirlstudentsinremoteareas?A.Tohelpthemoutofpoverty.B.Toinspiretheirloveofastronomy.C.Tolookforassistantsforherwork.D.Togivethemanedgeoverboysinstudies.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutMurabanafromparagraph6?A.Sheenjoyedplayinggames.B.Shelongedtobeanastronomer.C.Sheisaninitiator(創(chuàng)始人)ofCosmosEducation.D.Sheregrettednottakingastronomyearlier.7.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThebirthofaKenyanwomanastronomer.B.TheprejudiceagainstgirlsinruralKenyan.C.TheKenyanastronomerbringingastronomytothepeople.D.TheKenyanstargazerswatchingthePerseidmeteorsshower.CFromrollinghillstomountainranges,viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable,butforblindpassengersthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature’sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.Theprototype(原型)ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside-facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton,thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.ThecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythroughLEDlights,whichvibrates(震動)differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage,itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.ThesmartwindowalsocomeswithavoiceassistantthatusesAItoidentifythesceneandhelpthepassengersgetinformationonwhatthey’reseeing.“Astheprototypestartedtakingshape,werealizedweweregivingbirthtoacompletelynewlanguagethatwouldgiveblindpeopleanewchancetovisualizeandexperiencetraveling,”FedericoRusso—onedirectorofGTBRoma,said.“Whentheideawasatitsfirststage,welookedforsuppliersallaroundtheworldtomakeitcometolife.”Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars.“Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways.”ThetechnologymayshowupinaFordautonomousvehicle.It’sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It’sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.However,theideaisindeedakindandinfluentialaction.8.Howdoesthesmartcarwindowwork?A.Bysortingshakingmovements. B.Byrecordingtheviewwithacamera.C.Bytranslatingsceneryintovibrations. D.Bypresentingdifferentcolors.9.WhatcanweknowaboutthetechnologyaccordingtoFedericoRusso?A.Itwillhavewideapplication. B.Itwillbeusedinschoolsfirst.C.Itwillbetestedaroundtheworld. D.Itwillunderstanddifferentlanguages.10.WhatdifficultyisFordfacingcurrently?A.Howtoexploretheirfuturebusinessmodel.B.Howthetechnologyisappliedtoeverydaylife.C.Howtoproduceautonomouscarsinlargenumbers.D.Howanautonomousvehicleprovidesrouteinformation.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Al-basedWindowAddsFuntoRoadTripsB.FordDevelopsaSystemfortheBlindtoDriveC.SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViewsD.TechnologyMakesBlindPeople’sTripEnjoyableDSurvivorbias(偏見，偏差)occurswhenyoutendtoassesssuccessfuloutcomesanddisregard(忽視)failures.Thissamplingbiaspaintsamorepromisingorevenmisleadingpictureofreality.Survivorbiasisasneaky(鬼鬼祟祟的)problemthattendstoslipintoanalysesunnoticed.Forstarters,itfeelsnaturaltoemphasizesuccess,whetherit’sentrepreneurs,orsurvivorsofamedicalcondition.Wefocusonandsharethesestoriesmorethanthefailures.Thinkaboutthefamouscollegedropoutswhobecamehighlysuccessful,suchasMarkZuckerberg.SteveJobs,andBillGates.Thesesuccessfulexamplesmightmakeyouthinkacollegedegreeisn’tbeneficial.However,that’ssurvivorbiasatwork!Thesefamousindividualsareattheforefrontofmediareports.Youhearmoreaboutthembecausetheyareextraordinary.You’renotconsideringthemillionsofothercollegedropoutsthataren’trichandfamous.Youneedtoassesstheiroutcomesaswell.Survivorbiashasevenoccurredinmedicalstudiesaboutseverediseases.Younger,healthier,andmorefitpatientstendtosurviveadisease’sinitialdiagnosismorefrequently.Hence,theyaremorelikelytojoinmedicalstudies.Onthecontrary,older,weakerpatientsarelesslikelytosurvivelongenoughtoparticipateinstudies.Consequently,thesestudiesoverestimatesuccessfuldiseaseoutcomesbecausetheyarelesslikelytoincludethosewhodieshortlyafterdiagnosis.Undeniably,successfulcasesareusuallymorevisibleandeasiertocontactthanunsuccessfulcases.However,focusingonthehigh-performingsuccessesanddisregardingothercasesintroducessurvivorbias.Afterall,you’releavingoutasignificantpartofthepictureasit’shardertocollectdatafromthelesssuccessfulmembersofapopulation.Incompletedatacanaffectyourdecision-makingprocess.Putsimply,survivorbiasproducesaninaccuratesample,causingyoutojumptoincorrectconclusions.

Tominimizetheimpactofsurvivorbias,youshouldfindwaystodrawarepresentativesamplefromthepopulation,notjustafewofsuccessfulsamples.Thatprocessmightcallformoreexpenseandeffort,butyou’llgetbetterresults.12.WhatwritingtechniqueisusedinParagraphs3and4?A.Makingcomparisons. B.Givingexamples.C.Describingfacts. D.Analyzingdata.13.Whatmayoccurifyouhaveasurvivorbias?A.Youwilltakeallfactorsintoaccountbeforemakingafinalanalysis.B.Youwilloverestimatethefailureratesoyoumayquityourproject.C.Youwillonlyhavepartialdataandreachanincorrectconclusion.D.Youwillbemorelikelytosurviveinunfavorablecircumstances.14.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peopletendtolosesightoftheoverallstatistics.B.Peoplearcunwillingtoreadunsuccessfulstories.C.Doctorsdon’thaveenoughexpensetocollectabundantsamples.D.Themediashouldberesponsibleforkids’droppingoutofschool.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdotoavoidsurvivorbias?A.Leaveoutthefamoushistoriccases.B.Collectawideenoughrangeofsamples.C.Focusonthosemostmentionedexamples.D.Selectsomesuccessfulandinspiringtales.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EveryNewYear,thousandsdecidethey’regoingtochangetheirlives.Fewerthan10percentactuallystickwiththeirplans,andthatfigureisbeinggenerous.16.Notaiminghighenough.Whileit’seasytothinksettingeasygoalswillkeepyoumotivated,itmayharmyourlong-termmotivation.Ifyoumakegoalsthataretooachievable,you’llgetboredandloseinterest.17.Ifyou’reusedtostayingwithinyourcomfortzone,you’llbemissingoutonthesatisfactionofachievingalife-changinggoal.Whenyoupushyourself,you’llbeabletobuildunshakableconfidenceasyouachievegoalaftergoal.18.Thisisafearmanyofusdealwith.Insteadoftakingaction,westartworryingabout“Whatif?”“Whatifitdoesn’tworkout?Whatifmydreamisn’ttrulymydream?WhatifIdon’tsucceed?”Ifyouhavetroublecreatingavision,thenyou’reattheriskofbeingaimlessthroughlife.19.Youcanstarttheprocessofdiscoveringyourlifepurposebyaskingyourself,“Whatwouldmyideallifelooklike?”Lettingfearcontrolyourmindandactions.Fearcanpreventyoufromachievingyourdreams.You’llmissoutonopportunitiesinlifeifyoudon’tlearnhowtomanageyourfears.20Onewaytomanagefearistolookfortherootcauseofyourfear.Withdeepintrospection(反省),youcanuncovertheexactmomentwhenthosefearsareholdingyoubackfromgrowing.Thiswillgiveyouawindowofopportunitytocommunicatewithyourinnerbeingandfindrelease.A.Lackingself-confidenceB.BeinguncertainaboutthefutureC.FortunatelyfearcanbeovercomeD.Belowyou’llfindsomecommonreasonswhyyou’relosingmotivationE.ManyofusaremotivatednotbyadesiretoachievebutbyfearoffailureF.Ideally,youwanttostrikeabalancebetweenpushingyourselfandcreatingrealisticgoalsG.However,whenyoufindyourpurposeandpassion,you’llbedriventostruggleforexcellence第二部分語言應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Recently,a15-year-oldgirlLynnSumpterbroketherulesbygoingtoasleepoverpartysecretly.Andher21gaveherachoicebetweenhandingoverherphoneforamonth,orgivingthemaccesstohersocialmediafortwoweeks.Shechosethelatterandthenetizensareso22ofit.LynnSumpter’ssocialmedia23byherparents,TawnyaFordandLarySumpter,beganearlyinNovemberwithaninstagram(照片墻)postthat24shehadchosentoabandonhersocialmediafortwoweeks.Soher25couldexpect“someamazingInstagramposts,snapchatsandtiktoksfromherparents”.OnNovember11,Lynn’sdadhadalreadybegunhis26explorationtoembarrasshisteendaughter,by27oneofhisphotos,saying“Feltcute.Mightdeletelater”.Butthatwas28thebeginning.Fromposinginatighttopand29ablondewig(假發(fā))todancingaroundinapairofshortsandatank-top(背心),itseemedliketherewasnothingthe43-year-oldwouldn’tdoto30.Overthecourseoftwoweeks,LynnSumpter’sInstagramfollowing31fromaround2,700to12,700atthetimeofthiswriting,sosheshouldprobablythankherparentsfortheir32punishment.Theonlyquestionis“Canshe33dadLarry’screativity?”She’llhavetogiveita(n)34asmanyofhersocialmediafansarealready35hertobringdadback.21.A.classmates B.teachers C.parents D.friends22.A.appreciative B.proud C.afraid D.confident23.A.breakdown B.takeover C.comeback D.makeup24.A.consulted B.found C.pretended D.announced25.Arelatives B.followers C.classmates D.teachers26.A.similar B.amusing C.safe D.fearful27.A.sharing B.downloading C.exploring D.preserving28.A.exactly B.definitely C.merely D.surprisedly29.A.leaving B.putting C.wearing D.enjoying30.A.entertain B.relax C.exercise D.compete31.A.doubled B.dived C.counted D.jumped32.A.average B.severe C.original D.constant33.A.liveupto B.getridof C.lookdownon D.putupwith34.A.right B.start C.topic D.go35.A.warning B.asking C.allowing D.forcing第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijing36arrangedtheresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.Theterm“hutong”,37(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,38(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialclasses39(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften40(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedby41(ce)homesandwalledgardens.Fartherfromthecenterlivedthecommonersandlaborers.Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand42(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.HutongsrepresentanimportantculturalelementofthecityofBeijing.ThankstoBeijing’slonghistory43capitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoric44(event).Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect45cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.第三部分基礎(chǔ)知識（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)用所給詞匯的正確形式填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）。46.Chinahastakensomemeasurestos___________(加強，鞏固)socialassistanceforpeoplemostinneedandfightagainstpoverty,theMinistryofCivilAffairssaidSunday.47.MissGranger,aplainbuta___________(野心勃勃的)girl,seemstohaveatasteforfamouswizardsthatHarryalonecannotsatisfy.48.Peopleusedtobuildstrongwallsroundtheirtownsasad___________(防御)againstenemies.49.Thepublicarecapableofholdinganumberofapparentlyc___________(互相矛盾的)attitudes.50.Maiden,yoursimplicity,likebluenessofthelake,r___________(透露)yourdepthoftruth.51.Thoughsmilinggenerallybringsmoretrust,newresearchprovidesevidencethatasmilecanincreaseordecreasehowtrustworthyyouarep___________(看待，認為)dependingonyourpersonality.52.DanielAnderson,afamouspsychologist,believesit’simportanttod___________(區(qū)分)television’sinfluencesonchildrenfromthoseofthefamily.53.SinceChatgpt,anAIchatbot,wasmadeavailabletothepublicattheendofNovember,ithasg___________(產(chǎn)生，引起)anotherwaveofhype.54.Aswemoveawayfromanindustrial-basedeconomytoaknowledge-basedone,officedesignershavecomeupwitha___________(可選擇的事物)tothetraditionalworkenvironmentsofthepast.55.Yettheefficientlearningofspecificfactsmayleadtothea___________(假設(shè))thatwhentheadulthasfinishedteaching,thereisnothingfurthertolearn—becauseiftherewere,theadultwouldhavesaidso.第二節(jié)根據(jù)句意，從所給詞組中挑選合適的一項并用其正確形式完成句子，其中有兩個選項為多余選項（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）。breakdown; bycontrast; subscribeto;participatein; inchargeof; engagein; inturn56.Theyengagecollegeundergraduatestoteachcomputersciencetohighschoolstudents,who_____________instructmiddleschoolstudentsonthetopic.57.Thetwogovernmentshaveagreedto_____________acomprehensivedialoguetoresolvetheproblem.58.TheDraftingCommitteewillbe_____________workingoutadraftresolutiontobesubmittedtotheConferencefordeliberation.59.Theauthoritiesnolonger_____________theviewthatdisabledpeopleareunsuitableasteachers.60.RomainRollandsetouttoportraytheadventuresofthesoulofhisheroandsucceededmagnificently;inaddition,he_____________theartisticbarrierbetweenFranceandGermany.第四部分讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Afteraverymeaningfulconversationwithmydadabouttheolddays,wecameupwithanobjectthatwebothrememberedclearly.Itwasmyveryfirstbicycle.MymindtoldmeIgotitwhenIwasseven,whowascheatedtorideitforfiftyyardsalonethefirsttimeItried!Mydadputtogetherallthesmallpiecesofthebicyclefromabeautifulmaterialthathecalled,“Yourowncar.”O(jiān)fcourseIknewhehadsomemagicalability,butIdidn’tthinkhecouldmakesuchanawesomeobject.Headdedtheseatandthepedals(跳板)sothatIwouldnothaveanyproblems.MydadrecalledthebicyclewasthesmallesthecouldfindwhileIrememberhowhugeitwas.IwassoafraidofitandtherewasnowaythatIwasgoingtocontrolthatmonster-sizedmaterial.ThebicyclewasleftinmybackyardasadecorationforamonthbecauseIrefusedtorideit.Honestly,Iwasscaredtotryit.Afteramonth,mydadgavemealecturetoteachmewhatbeingamanwasallabout.Iwasfinallydeterminedtotryit.MydadwasproudofmeandIfeltverymanly.HeandIwenttotheparktoseewhatwecoulddothere.Theparkwasemptywhenwearrived.Ihadnodoubtthatmydadtoldeverybodynottobetherebecausewehadtouseit.Ifeltsorryforotherpeople,butIwasproudtohavesuchanomnipotent(全能的)personasmydad.Wefoundasmoothandopence.MydadwasholdingthebackpartoftheseattomakesureIdidn’tfell.HepromisedmethatIwasnotgoingtofallbecausehewouldberunningrightbehind,holdingthebicycle.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Para1:Istartedtopedalandthebicyclemoved.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2:Iturnedaroundandfoundmydadwasnotbehind.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高二英語答案第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）1-3ADD4-7CBDC8-11CADC12-15BCAB第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分、滿分12.5分）16-20DFBGC第二部分語言應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）21-25CABDB26-30BACCA31-35DCADB第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）【36】and 【37】originally 【38】surrounded 【39】werepermitted 【40】featured