英語八大句子成分(結(jié)合長難句分析)

英語八大句子成分助你讀懂長難句每個(gè)句子成分的基本語法概念每個(gè)句子成分能幫助我們讀懂長難句的要點(diǎn)主語subject

謂語predicate賓語object定語attributive狀語adverbial補(bǔ)語complement表語predicative同位語appositive英語八大句子成分一個(gè)句子主語謂語賓語定語同位語狀語補(bǔ)語表語什么是句子成分？一個(gè)單詞或幾個(gè)單詞(詞組)一、主語+謂語Hesmiled.二、主語+謂語+賓語Ieatapples.三、主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語

Igivehim

abook.四、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語

Shemademelaugh.五、主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語

Sheisclever.英語五種基本句型主語Shewritesthebook.動(dòng)作發(fā)出者Thebookiswrittenbyher.動(dòng)作承受者主語：整個(gè)句子圍繞著展開、圍繞著說的主題。人東西事主語subject

(1)Myplanistoreadbooksforthewholeday.我的計(jì)劃是讀一整天書。Toplaywithfiredoesharmtoyoureyes.玩火傷眼睛。Readingbookseverydaybenefitsusalot.每天讀書對(duì)我們極為有益。Itis+adj.+todo…

n.

Itisagoodhabit

tokeepearlyhours.早睡早起是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。Itis+adj.+從句

Itisobvious

thatheistellingalie.他在撒謊是很明顯的。

n.Itisaquestion

whenwewillholdtheevent.

我們什么時(shí)候舉辦比賽是個(gè)問題。Itis+n.+doing…主語subject

(2)it作形式主語Itisimportant

tolearnEnglishwell.學(xué)好英語是重要的。TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.

Itis+n.+doing…主語subject

(2)it作形式主語Itisnouse

cryingforspiltmilk.為灑出去的牛奶哭泣沒用(覆水難收)。Itisnogood

shouting

at

Lily.沖著莉莉大聲喊叫沒有用。Itisnopleasure

watching

TV

anymore.看電視再?zèng)]什么樂趣了。Itisawasteoftime

talking

to

her.和她談話浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。It…………真正主語……Itremainsamysterywhythereissuchadeephole.

這為什么有個(gè)這么深的洞是個(gè)謎團(tuán)。Itshocksmethathefailedinthisexam.他沒通過考試震驚到我了。It

willtakeawholedaytofinishthejob.完成這項(xiàng)工作得用一天時(shí)間。Ittodo……從句……doing……動(dòng)詞……主語從句：一個(gè)從句作了主語，就叫主語從句。Thathefailedtopasstheexam

annoyedhisfather.

他考試不及格惹惱了他爸爸。Whatsheislookingforisabook.

她在找的東西是一本書。Whenwewillholdtheevent

isstillunderdiscussion.

我們什么時(shí)候舉辦比賽還處于討論中。主語subject

(3)主語從句從屬連詞who(whoever)whom(whoever)whose+n.which+n.(whichever+n.)whatwhen(whenever)where(wherever)how(however)whybecausethatwhether/ifasif/asthough賓語She

writesthebook.動(dòng)作承受者賓語：動(dòng)詞后面的就是賓語。人Ilike

you.東西She

writes

thebook.事Idecided

togoshopping.Ienjoy

workingwithyou.賓語object

(1)賓語：介詞后面的也是賓語。Ienjoyworkingwith

you.Comeinto

theroom.雙賓語：直接賓語間接賓語Hegaveme

abook.Sheboughthermotherabag.it作形式賓語賓語object

(2)It動(dòng)詞……todo……從句……doing…………動(dòng)詞it……todo……從句……doing……it作形式主語Ithinkit

myhonor

tobeinvitedtospeakhere.我認(rèn)為被邀請(qǐng)來這兒演講是我的榮幸。

Ithinktobeinvitedtospeakheremyhonor.think/find/consider/feel+it+n./adj.+真正賓語

Wefindit

impossible

tomovetheheavystone.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)要移動(dòng)這個(gè)石頭是不可能的。Doyouthinkit

necessary

thatwelearnEnglishwell？你認(rèn)為我們學(xué)好英語是必要的嗎？

nouse

complainingtothemanageraboutthis.

我覺得跟經(jīng)理抱怨這事兒沒有用。賓語object

(2)

nogood

shouting

at

Lily.我覺得沖著莉莉大聲喊叫沒有用。

nopleasure

watching

TVanymore.我覺得看電視再?zèng)]什么樂趣了。

awasteoftime

talking

to

her.我覺得和她談話浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。todo……從句……doing……Ifeelitmake+it+n./adj.+真正賓語

Hemadeit

arule

totakepartinphysicallabor.他使參加體力勞動(dòng)成為一條規(guī)定。Ihavetomakeit

clear

thatmyfamilyispoor.我得使我家里很窮這事兒是清楚的。(我得說清楚我家窮。)Hiswife'scomplaintmadeit

nopleasure

playingonlinegames.他妻子的抱怨使打游戲沒有樂趣了。賓語object

(2)todo……從句……doing……賓語從句：一個(gè)從句作了賓語，就叫賓語從句。1、動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句Wediscoveredthatheusedtobeathief.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他以前是個(gè)小偷。2、介詞后的賓語從句Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.我們?cè)谟懻撌欠窠蛹{一些學(xué)生進(jìn)我們俱樂部。賓語object

(3)賓語從句從屬連詞who(whoever)whom(whoever)whose+n.which+n.(whichever+n.)whatwhen(whenever)where(wherever)how(however)whybecausethatwhether/ifasif/asthough狀語狀語：定語：用來修飾限定名詞Yesterdaytheboyboughtacomicbookinthebookstoreforhissisterbecausetodayisherbirthday.狀語adverbial

(1)修飾描述動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)作（這個(gè)動(dòng)詞所講的事兒）時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語狀語分類1、修飾性狀語修飾動(dòng)詞修飾形容詞和副詞：Thisisapretty

simpleconcept.Theytravelvery

fastandtheyuselessenergy.2、評(píng)注性狀語Fortunately,theshortdelaygavehimtimetogatherhimself.這短暫的拖延給了他喘息的時(shí)間。3、連接性狀語Theyateaseven-coursemeal;inaddition,theydrankthreebottlesofwine.狀語adverbial

(1)：評(píng)價(jià)整個(gè)句子：在語意上連接兩個(gè)句子（不是在語法上連接句子，不能當(dāng)連詞用）程度狀語14類狀語修飾動(dòng)詞的狀語的分類狀語adverbial

(2)時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語結(jié)果狀語條件狀語目的狀語讓步狀語比較狀語方式狀語伴隨狀語方面狀語程度狀語頻度狀語可能性狀語1.時(shí)間狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)在什么時(shí)間發(fā)生Sheistobemarried

next

month.她預(yù)定在下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。

2.地點(diǎn)狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)在什么地點(diǎn)發(fā)生

Ifirstmethimin

Paris.我初次見到他是在巴黎。

Areyougladtobegoing

back

to

school?返回學(xué)校你感到高興嗎?

3.原因狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)因?yàn)椤l(fā)生Hewassenttoprisonfor

robbery.他因?yàn)閾尳俣巍?.結(jié)果狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)發(fā)生導(dǎo)致了什么結(jié)果

Itrainedheavily,causing

severe

flooding

in

that

country.大雨滂沱，造成了那個(gè)國家洪水泛濫這個(gè)結(jié)果。狀語adverbial

(2)5.條件狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)在什么條件下發(fā)生

With

more

moneyIwouldbeabletobuyit.如果錢多一點(diǎn)的話，我就買得起。6.目的狀語：做一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)的目的是什么Hewenttothesouthin

search

of

abetterlife.他去南方為了尋求更好的生活。7.讓步狀語：“退一步講，就算……”

Carolwenttoworkin

spite

of

feeling

ill.卡洛爾盡管感到不舒服仍去上了班。Althoughlaughed

at

by

everybody,hehadmysympathy.盡管人人都嘲笑他，但我卻同情他。8.比較狀語：跟……比較起來，主語是怎么怎么樣的Ourclassisbigger

than

yours.我們班級(jí)比你們?nèi)硕?。狀語adverbial

(2)9.方式狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)在是以什么方式發(fā)生的

Youmustpaythebillin

cash.你必須用現(xiàn)金付賬。

Iwatchedthegameon

television.我在電視上收看了那場(chǎng)比賽。Thetortoiseran

so

slowly.烏龜跑得這么慢。10.伴隨狀語：同時(shí)伴隨著一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)發(fā)生的一種狀況

Shesaidgood-byewith

tears

inhereyes.她含著淚水說再見。Heranuptoherbreathing

heavily.他氣喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。Herushedintotheroom,his

face

covered

with

sweat.他滿臉是汗地跑進(jìn)屋來。狀語adverbial

(2)11.方面狀語：主語在某方面是怎么怎么樣的Chinaisveryrich

in

natural

resources.中國(在)自然資源(方面)豐富。Thebridgeis2500meters

in

lengthand150meters

in

height.這座橋長2500米，高150米。12.程度狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)發(fā)生到了什么樣的程度Ilikecoffeevery

much.我非常喜歡咖啡。13.頻度狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)發(fā)生的頻率、頻度Ioften

eatatthisrestaurant.我總是在這家店吃飯。14.可能性狀語：一個(gè)動(dòng)作(或一件事兒)發(fā)生的可能性Thedriverprobably

knowsthequickestroute.司機(jī)可能知道最快的路線。狀語adverbial

(2)狀語adverbial

(3)狀語從句一個(gè)從句作了狀語，就是狀語從句。1.時(shí)間狀語從句

Callmewhenyouarriveattheairport.當(dāng)你到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)給我打個(gè)電話。2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句Generally,airwillbeheavilypolluted

wheretherearefactories.一般來說，在有工廠的地方，空氣將受嚴(yán)重污染。3.原因狀語從句She

didnot

come

to

school

becauseshewasill.她沒來學(xué)校是因?yàn)樯×恕?.結(jié)果狀語從句Hegotupsoearly

thathecaughtthefirstbus.他很早起床，所以趕上了第一班公共汽車。條件狀語從句Wewillstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.如果總統(tǒng)同意，我們將開始我們的項(xiàng)目。目的狀語從句

Thebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththelettersso

thathecouldsignthem.老板要求秘書快寫函件以便他能在上面簽字。狀語adverbial

(3)7.讓步狀語從句Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimming

eventhoughtheweatherisrough.老人都很喜歡游泳，即使天氣很惡劣。8.比較狀語從句Sheis

as

bad-tempered

ashermother(is).她和她媽媽一樣脾氣很壞。9.方式狀語從句Shebehaved

asifshewastheboss.她表現(xiàn)得好像她是老板。狀語adverbial

(3)補(bǔ)語補(bǔ)語：補(bǔ)充說明前文的動(dòng)作(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)

沒有補(bǔ)語，這個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的意思就不完整，所以必須要有補(bǔ)語。1、賓語補(bǔ)足語Fatherwillnotallowus2、主語補(bǔ)足語Wearenotallowedtoplayonthestreet.補(bǔ)語complement

(1)toplayonthestreet.動(dòng)詞+sb.+todosth.advisesb.todosth.

建議某人做某事asksb.todosth.

要求某人做某事Oursenseoftimiditycancause

us

tohesitateandtomoveslowly.我們的膽怯心理往往會(huì)使我們猶豫不決、行動(dòng)遲緩。Thesoftwareenables

you

toaccesstheInternetinseconds.這種軟件使你在幾秒鐘內(nèi)便可訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。補(bǔ)語complement

(2)→(補(bǔ)語)Banksactivelyencourage

people

toborrowmoney.銀行積極鼓動(dòng)人們貸款。Youareallforbidden

toleave.你們都不準(zhǔn)離開。Abackinjuryforced

her

towithdrawfromWimbledon.背部受傷使她不得不退出溫布爾登賽事。Itriedtopersuade

her

toseeadoctor.我極力勸她去看醫(yī)生。Visitorsarenotpermitted

totakephotographs.參觀者請(qǐng)勿拍照。補(bǔ)語complement

(2)Theyhaveinvited

me

togotoPariswiththem.他們邀請(qǐng)我和他們一同去巴黎。Ididn'texpect

him

tobecomeasuccessfulwriter.我沒想到他會(huì)成為一個(gè)成功的作家。Remind

me

tophoneAlanbeforeIgoout.提醒我在出去之前給艾倫打電話。Mrs.Blountwarned

me

nottointerfereinherfamilyproblems.布朗特夫人警告我不要插手她的家庭問題。Truemarriagerequires

us

toshowtrustandloyalty.真正的婚姻有賴于我們表現(xiàn)出信任與忠誠。補(bǔ)語complement

(2)動(dòng)詞+sb.+doingsth.Icaught

her

smokinginthebathroom.我撞見她在盥洗室里抽煙。Nothing

would

prevent

him

speakingoutagainstinjustice.什么也阻擋不了他為不平之事鳴冤叫屈。You

can't

stop

people

sayingwhattheythink.人們?cè)趺聪刖蜁?huì)怎么說，你阻止不了。Isuddenly

found

myself

runningdownthestreet.我不知不覺突然在街上跑了起來。補(bǔ)語complement

(2)→(補(bǔ)語)使役動(dòng)詞+sb.+補(bǔ)語1、haveIwillhave

mybike

repairedthisafternoon.今天下午我要使我的自行車被修理。（動(dòng)詞過去分詞作補(bǔ)語）Hehad

her

gothere.他讓她去那兒。（省略了to的動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語）Hehad

her

standing

intherainfortwohours.他讓她在雨中一直站了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。（動(dòng)詞ing形式作補(bǔ)語）Pleasehave

yourmoney

ready.請(qǐng)準(zhǔn)備好錢。（形容詞作補(bǔ)語）補(bǔ)語complement

(2)使役動(dòng)詞+sb.+補(bǔ)語2、makeTheboymade

thegirl

cry.男孩把女孩惹哭了。（省略了to的動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語）Pleasespeakloudertomake

yourself

heard.請(qǐng)講大聲一點(diǎn)以便讓你被聽到。（動(dòng)詞過去分詞作補(bǔ)語）Hisillnessmade

him

very

weak.他的病使他很虛弱。（形容詞作補(bǔ)語）補(bǔ)語complement

(2)使役動(dòng)詞+sb.+補(bǔ)語3、leave

Leave

him

todoithimself.讓他自己去做這件事吧。（動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語）Whathesaidleft

me

thinking

deeply.他的話使我深思。（動(dòng)詞ing形式作補(bǔ)語）Wecan'tleave

suchanimportantmatter

unfinished.我們不能讓這樣一件重要的事沒被完成。（動(dòng)詞過去分詞作補(bǔ)語）Hisillnessleft

him

inapoorhealth.他的病讓他處于不好的身體狀況中。（介詞短語作補(bǔ)語）補(bǔ)語complement

(2)You'dbetterleave

thedoor

open.最好讓門開著。（形容詞作補(bǔ)語）Hisillnesshasleft

him

weak.他的病讓他身體虛弱。（形容詞作補(bǔ)語）Wecan'tleave

thelight

onwhenleaving.我們離開的時(shí)候不能讓燈一直開著。（副詞作補(bǔ)語）Theearthquakeleft

him

an

orphan.地震使他成了一個(gè)孤兒。（名詞作補(bǔ)語）You'veleft

hername

off

the

list.你已經(jīng)把她的名字從名單上除掉了。（介詞短語作補(bǔ)語）

補(bǔ)語complement

(2)使役動(dòng)詞+sb.+補(bǔ)語4、getHegot

hisbrother

to

help

him.他讓他的兄弟幫助他。（動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語）Hegot

thecar

started.他讓小汽車被發(fā)動(dòng)了。（過去分詞作補(bǔ)語）Shegot

herbike

running

very

fast.她把自行車騎得飛快。（動(dòng)詞ing形式作補(bǔ)語）Pleaseget

yourtickets

ready.請(qǐng)把你的票準(zhǔn)備好。（形容詞作補(bǔ)語）

補(bǔ)語complement

(2)使役動(dòng)詞+sb.+補(bǔ)語5、keep

I'msorrytohavekept

you

waitingforsolong.對(duì)不起，讓您久等了。（動(dòng)詞ing形式作補(bǔ)語）Pleasekeep

theclassroom

clean.請(qǐng)保持教室干凈。（形容詞作補(bǔ)語）Ican'tkeep

myeyes

shut

to

all

this.我不能讓我的眼睛對(duì)這一切被閉上。（過去分詞作補(bǔ)語）補(bǔ)語complement

(2)使役動(dòng)詞+sb.+補(bǔ)語6、letLetus

go

there,shallwe?讓我們?nèi)ツ抢?，好嗎？（省略了to的動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語）

Helet

thedog

outoftheroom.他把狗放出了房間。（副詞作補(bǔ)語）

補(bǔ)語complement

(2)看見/聽見+sb.+補(bǔ)語1.seeIsaw

her

getintothecaranddriveoff.我看見她上車然后開車走了。(Shewasseen

to

get

intothecaranddriveoff.她被人看見上車然后開車走了。)Isaw

her

walkingontheplaygroundatthattime.我看見她那時(shí)正在操場(chǎng)上散步。(Shewasseen

walking

ontheplaygroundatthattime.她被人看見那時(shí)正在操場(chǎng)上散步。)I'veneverseen

theword

usedinthisway.我從沒見過這個(gè)詞被這樣使用。(Thewordhasn'tbeenseen

usedinthisway.這個(gè)詞從來沒被見過這么被使用。)補(bǔ)語complement

(2)看見/聽見+sb.+補(bǔ)語2.watchShewatched

thekids

playing

in

the

yard.她看著孩子們?cè)谠鹤永锿?。Theywatched

thebus

disappear

into

the

distance.他們注視著公共汽車消失在遠(yuǎn)方。3.noticeInoticed

them

come

in.我注意到他們進(jìn)來了。Ididn'tnotice

him

leaving.我沒看到他離開。補(bǔ)語complement

(2)看見/聽見+sb.+補(bǔ)語4.hearIheard

him

come

injustnow.我剛剛聽見他進(jìn)來了。(Hewasheard

to

come

injustnow.他剛剛被人聽見進(jìn)來了。)Ihear

him

whispering.我聽見他在悄聲說話。(Heisheard

whispering.他被人聽見在悄聲說話。)Iheard

thedoor

opened.我聽見門被打開了。(Thedoorwasheard

opened.門被人聽見打開了。)補(bǔ)語complement

(2)表語表語：表示主語的特征或性質(zhì)。什么是系動(dòng)詞？——“系”是“聯(lián)系”的意思，把主語和主語的特征聯(lián)系在一起。1、狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞表示主語的狀態(tài)是什么樣的，這一類系動(dòng)詞只有be動(dòng)詞，即am,is,are,was,were。Heis

ateacher.Thesedesksare

yellow.Sheis

ten.Myworkis

teaching

English.我的工作是教英語。表語predicative

(1)怎么判斷表語：系動(dòng)詞后面的成分叫作表語。2、感官系動(dòng)詞“感官”就是“聽起來、聞起來、嘗起來”等，感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel,smell,sound,taste等。Thiskindofclothfeels

very

soft.這個(gè)面料摸起來非常柔軟。Thisflowersmells

very

sweet.這個(gè)花聞起來很香。3、持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞表示主語持續(xù)保持某一種狀態(tài)，主要有keep,remain,stay,stand等。Healwayskept

silentatmeeting.他在會(huì)議上總是保持沉默。Thismatterremains

amystery.這事兒仍然是一個(gè)謎。表語predicative

(1)4、變化系動(dòng)詞表示主語變成什么樣了，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run等。Hebecame

madafterthat.他在那之后就變瘋了。Shegrew

richwithinashorttime.她在很短時(shí)間內(nèi)變富有了。5、終止系動(dòng)詞表示主語最終的狀態(tài)是怎么樣的，主要有prove,turnout，表達(dá)“證實(shí)”“變成”之意。Therumorproved

false.這個(gè)謠言被證明是假的。Hisplanturnedout

a

success.他的計(jì)劃最終是成功的。表語predicative

(1)6、表象系動(dòng)詞用來表示“看起來像”這一概念，主要有seem,appear,look等。Helooks

tired.Heseems

very

sad.表語predicative

(1)表語從句從屬連詞who(whoever)whom(whoever)whose+n.which+n.(whichever+n.)whatwhen(whenever)where(wherever)how(however)whybecausethatwhether/ifasif/asthough表語predicative

(2)表語從句一個(gè)從句作了表語，就是表語從句。Hissuggestionis

thatweshouldstaycalm.

他的建議是，我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜。Thequestionis

whenhecanarriveatthehotel.問題是，他什么時(shí)候可以到達(dá)酒店。Sheseems

asifshehaddoneagreatthing.她看起來好像做了一件大事。同位語同位語：處于同等地位。指同一個(gè)人或物，或者是指同一回事兒；后者解釋說明前者。后者就叫前者的同位語。Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.We

Chinesepeoplearebraveandhard-working.Theyproposedthebillwithanoppositeaim,toreducetheuseofplasticbags.他們提出這個(gè)法案是帶著相反的目的，是為了減少塑料袋的使用。同位語appositive

(1)詞/詞組詞/詞組同位語從句

同位語appositive

(2)同位語從句從屬連詞who(whoever)whom(whoever)whose+n.which+n.(whichever+n.)whatwhen(whenever)where(wherever)how(however)whybecausethatwhether/ifasif/asthoughfact

=

hebrokethevaseThelittleboyadmittedthefact

thathebrokethevase.stone

=hebrokethevase???fact事實(shí)

idea想法

belief信念

promise

承諾

news消息order命令word消息

thought想法question問題

suggestion建議advice建議hope希望possibility

可能性message信息doubt懷疑Wehavenotdiscussedthequestion

whenwewillholdthesportsmeet.我們還沒討論我們什么時(shí)候開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)這個(gè)問題。Sheholdsthebelief

thatitwasrighttobestrictwithherchildren.她持有對(duì)孩子嚴(yán)格是正確的這個(gè)信念。IhavecomefromMr.Wangwithamessage

thathewon'tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．我從王先生那里來，帶來一個(gè)消息，他今天下午不能來看你了。Theidea

thatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinking

isquitewrong.你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作這個(gè)想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的。同位語appositive

(2)謂語謂語predicate(1)

謂語：本質(zhì)是動(dòng)詞。Ireadbookseveryday.Ilikewalking

totheschool.Thepurseis

expensive.Shewill

go

toschooltomorrow.Theyhavebeenwaitingforyouforthewholeday.Ican

speak

English.簡單謂語：單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞復(fù)合謂語：助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的某種變形用來表示主語做什么事兒，或者說明主語是怎么怎么樣。謂語predicate(1)

在無任何連詞的情況下，一個(gè)英語句子只能有一個(gè)謂語?。?！……謂語1連詞

謂語2…………謂語1連詞謂語2連詞

謂語3…………謂語1連詞謂語2連詞

謂語3連詞

謂語4……(并列連詞/從屬連詞)謂語predicate(2)多個(gè)動(dòng)作接連發(fā)生，都可以采用謂語動(dòng)詞的形式，只由一個(gè)連詞and連接即可。Lilyputherhandintoherpocket,tookouthercellphoneandcalledthe

police.Lily把手伸進(jìn)衣兜里，拿出她的手機(jī)，報(bào)了警?！^語1謂語2and謂語3…………謂語1謂語2謂語3and謂語4…………謂語1謂語2謂語3謂語4and謂語5……謂語predicate(1)

在絕大部分情況下，謂語動(dòng)詞只可以比連詞多一個(gè)。Themostimportantideabehindthekindofpartyplanningdescribedhereis

thatitbringsparentsandchildrenclosertogether.Ourpartiesareaimedforchildren2to10andtheyareveryinteractiveandcreativebecausetheybuildasenseofdramabasedonasubject.Anyonewho

worksinanofficecantellyouthat

whene-mailisintroduced,theprintersstartworkingovertime.do動(dòng)詞原形does第三人稱單數(shù)did過去式doing現(xiàn)在分詞done過去分詞todo動(dòng)詞不定式謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞主語謂語賓語

定語狀語補(bǔ)語表語同位語謂語predicate(2)英語為什么要規(guī)定謂語動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞？中文：注重內(nèi)容英語：注重形式非謂語動(dòng)詞的功能和作用是什么呢？（主語）Readingbookseveryday

benefitsusalot.每天讀書對(duì)我們極為有益。（賓語）Ilike

readingbooks.

我喜歡讀書。（狀語）He

sat

on

the

sofa,readingabook.他坐沙發(fā)上，讀一本書。（補(bǔ)語）Just

leave

him

readingthebook.就讓他看書吧（我們別打擾他了）。（表語）My

hobby

is

readingbooks.我的愛好是讀書。（同位語）Igot

ajobinthekindergartenreadingbooksforthekids.

我在幼兒園找到了一份工作，給小孩兒讀書。（定語）The

boy

readingabookoverthere

is

my

brother.在那邊讀書的男孩兒是我弟弟。謂語predicate(2)Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.但是人類的大腦可以只迅速地瞟一眼一個(gè)快速改變的場(chǎng)面，然后立刻放棄98％的不相關(guān)信息，而馬上聚焦于一條崎嶇森林道路邊的一只猴子，或者在茫茫人海中的一張可疑的臉。謂語predicate(3)LuckilyMr.MandelarememberedmeandgavemeajobtakingtouristsaroundmyoldprisononRobbenisland.

但是曼德拉先生還記得我，并且給了我一份工作，帶領(lǐng)游客參觀我在羅德島的監(jiān)獄。Thefluisbelievedto

be

caused

byvirusesthatliketo

reproduce

inthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.

這個(gè)流感被認(rèn)為是由喜歡在人的鼻子和喉嚨里的細(xì)胞里繁殖的病毒引起的。(不太好的翻譯)這個(gè)流感被認(rèn)為是由一種病毒引起的，這種病毒喜歡在人的鼻子和喉嚨里的細(xì)胞里繁殖。(比較好的翻譯)謂語predicate(3)Thefirststepisto

check

thevictim'sbreathing.

第一步是檢查受害人的呼吸。TotakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeantostartwiththePuritans'theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch-importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.對(duì)新英格蘭人采取這種方法，通常意味著要以清教徒的神學(xué)創(chuàng)新和他們對(duì)不可忽視的教會(huì)重要課

題的獨(dú)特觀點(diǎn)開始。謂語predicate(3)（主語）Readingbookseveryday

benefitsusalot.每天讀書對(duì)我們極為有益。（賓語）Ilike

readingbooks.

我喜歡讀書。（狀語）He

sat

on

the

sofa,readingabook.他坐沙發(fā)上，讀一本書。（補(bǔ)語）Just

leave

him

readingthebook.就讓他看書吧（我們別打擾他了）。（表語）My

hobby

is

readingbooks.我的愛好是讀書。（同位語）Igot

ajobinthekindergartenreadingbooksforthekids.

我在幼兒園找到了一份工作，給小孩兒讀書。（定語）The

boy

readingabookoverthere

is

my

brother.

在那邊讀書的男孩兒是我弟弟。謂語predicate(2)謂語predicate(2)中文英語……的人/東西東西/人……的騎自行車的男孩兒theboy

onthebike

帶一個(gè)漂亮花園的房子ahouse

withabeautifulgarden中文和英語中定語的區(qū)別后置定語非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語_________名詞_____________________________________。Idecidedtofindoutthesecretofthe

mangivingthesurprisetomyfamilies.我決定找出給我家人驚喜的那個(gè)男人的秘密。Theboy

standing

over

thereismybrother．站在那兒的男孩兒是我弟弟。Theboylikesthebook

bought

byhisfather.這男孩兒喜歡被他爸爸買的書。Thematter

tobediscussed

tomorrowisimportant.明天將要被討論的問題很重要。謂語predicate(3)非謂語動(dòng)詞……………………的每種非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語時(shí)的含義現(xiàn)在分詞doing：主動(dòng)；正在進(jìn)行Idecidedtofindoutthesecretofthe

mangivingthesurprisetomyfamilies.我決定找出給我家人驚喜的那個(gè)男人的秘密。Theboy

standing

over

thereismybrother．站在那兒的男孩兒是我弟弟。過去分詞done：被動(dòng)；完成Theboylikesthebook

bought

byhisfather.這男孩兒喜歡被他爸爸買的書。不定式todo：將來要做的事Thematter

tobediscussed

tomorrowisimportant.明天將要被討論的問題很重要。謂語predicate(3)

作后置定語的非謂語動(dòng)詞詞組是幾個(gè)詞？Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppers

buyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.戈德是眾多加入有機(jī)食品購買大軍的購買者當(dāng)中的一位，遍及英國的超市依賴更多像他那樣的購買者，因?yàn)樗麄円黾佑袡C(jī)食品生意。Theactiongrouphasalsofoundacceptablepaper

madefrommaterialsotherthanwood.這個(gè)行動(dòng)組也發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種人們可接受的原材料不是木材的紙。謂語predicate(3)_________名詞________________________________________。非謂語動(dòng)詞…………………………

作后置定語的非謂語動(dòng)詞詞組是幾個(gè)詞？Onanotherlevel,manyintheeducationalestablishmentacknowledgethatthedebateontherankingofuniversitieshasbeenfueledinpartbythedespairofgraduatesforwhomthediscrimination

broughtbytherankingofuniversityhasputmoreobstaclesontheirjobhuntingway.在另一個(gè)層面上，許多教育團(tuán)體承認(rèn)，關(guān)于大學(xué)排名的爭論也受到了畢業(yè)生的絕望的刺激，對(duì)于這些畢業(yè)生，被大學(xué)排名帶來的歧視已經(jīng)給他們找工作帶來了更多的障礙。謂語predicate(3)定語定語：通常翻譯成“……的”，用來修飾限定名詞。She

writesaninterestingbook.形容詞作定語名詞作定語cotton

goods

棉織品

woman

doctor

女醫(yī)生

history

teacher

歷史老師

ball

pen

圓珠筆

paper

factory

紙廠

telephone

number

電話號(hào)碼定語attributive

(1)代詞作定語Haveyoureadthis

newspaperinmy

hand?你讀過我的手里的這份報(bào)紙了嗎？These

penscosttwentydollars.這些鋼筆花費(fèi)了20美元。數(shù)詞作定語Three

boysarerunningalongthebank.三個(gè)男孩兒正在沿著河岸跑。Youarethefirst

onehere.你是第一個(gè)到這兒的。名詞所有格作定語Heismybrother's

teacher.

他是我哥哥的老師。Thehouse's

windowsarebroken.這個(gè)房子的窗戶破了。定語attributive

(1)定語分類：前置定語和后置定語Shewastheonly

person

awakeatthatnight.她是那天晚上唯一醒著的人。導(dǎo)致英語長難句讀不懂的最主要原因就在于：后置定語?。?！中文：一個(gè)什么什么樣的東西——明年要修建的橋英語：一個(gè)東西什么什么樣的——thebridge

tobebuiltnextyear定語attributive

(2)為什么要有后置定語？英語習(xí)慣把重要的東西放前面說，要修飾限定的名詞就是重要的東西。所以，當(dāng)定語太長時(shí)，就會(huì)放到后面?！伴L”=兩個(gè)單詞或兩個(gè)單詞以上。只要定語是兩個(gè)單詞或超過兩個(gè)單詞，就一定會(huì)放后面。Donotrespondtoe-mails

askingforpersonalinformation.不要回復(fù)詢問私人信息的郵件。但有些單個(gè)兒的單詞也會(huì)作后置定語，因?yàn)楦鞣N各樣的原因。Shewastheonlyperson

awakeatthatnight.她是那天晚上唯一醒著的人。定語attributive

(3)后置定語1、形容詞（1）修飾不定代詞的形容詞要放在不定代詞后Thereissomething

unusualinhervoice.她的聲音里有些反常的東西。Theyprovideduswitheverything

necessary.他們向我們提供了必需的每樣?xùn)|西。Isthereanything

importantinthepaper?報(bào)紙上有什么重要的消息嗎？Anyone

intelligentcandoit.任何一個(gè)聰明的人都能做到。定語attributive

(3)1、形容詞（2）a-開頭的形容詞，或以-ible和-able結(jié)尾的形容詞Thehouse

ablazeisabar.著火的房子是個(gè)酒吧。Theroad

aheadisfullofstones.前面的路上到處是石頭。Those

aliveshouldmemorizethedeadforever.活著的人要永遠(yuǎn)記住那些死去的人們。Trytohelpthemineveryway

possible.盡力用一切可能的方法幫助他。Nowwehavethegreatestdifficulty

imaginable.現(xiàn)在我們遇到了難以想象的極大困難。Therearenotickets

availableforSunday.星期天沒有可利用的票。定語attributive

(3)2、介詞短語Theboy

onthebike

ismylittlebrother.騎自行車的男孩兒Helivesinabighouse

withabeautifulgarden.帶一個(gè)漂亮花園的房子3、副詞Thelady

downstairsasksustobequietafter9o'clock.

樓下的女士Wehavetogetoffandtakethebus

behind.后面的公交車Pleasereadtheparagraph

below.下面的段落定語attributive

(3)4、非謂語動(dòng)詞（1）動(dòng)詞doing——主動(dòng)；正在進(jìn)行Thechild

standing

over

thereismybrother．站在那邊的孩子是我弟弟。Doyouwanttoseethedoctor

working

on

thecasereportintheoffice?你想看那個(gè)正在辦公室寫病例的醫(yī)生嗎？Tellthechildren

playing

outsidenottomaketoomuchnoise.告訴外面玩的孩子不要弄出噪音。Theroom

facing

southisourclassroom．面朝南的房子是我們的教室。Theybuiltahighway

leadingintothemountains.他們建了一條通往山里的高速公路。定語attributive

(3)4、非謂語動(dòng)詞（2）過去分詞done——被動(dòng)；完成Theboylikesthebook

bought

byhisfat