2022屆高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解專項訓練（十七）

★A閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案.Breakfastisfoodforthebrainandfortherestofyourbody.Andtakinginthosemorningcaloriesareworthit,evenforpeoplewhoareworriedabouttheirweight,anewstudyfinds.

ThestudywasledbyMarleneSchwartz,apsychologistwhostudiesobesity(肥胖).Hergroupstudied600middle-schoolstudents.Overthreeyears,studentsfrom12differentschoolswereaskedabouttheirbreakfasts.Throughoutthestudyabout34%to44%ofallstudentssaidtheyregularlyatebreakfastathome.Upto17%,oralmostoneineverysixkids,regularlyatebreakfastatschool.Overall,aboutoneinevery10kidsreportedeatingbreakfastsbothathomeandatschool.Alsotheireatinghabitsbecamedifferentsomewhatasthekidsgotolder.Forexample,fifthgradersweremorelikelytoregularlyeatbreakfastathome.Butbyseventhgrade,22%ofthekidsoftenskippedbreakfast. Surprisingly,ateveryage,kidswhoatebreakfastwerelesslikelytobeoverweight.Thiswastrueevenforthosewhoatebreakfastathomeandatschool.Italsofoundthatthestudentswhoskippedbreakfastmostoftenwerethosemostlikelytobeoverweight.Thesefindingsmayseempuzzling.YetSchwartzandherworkmatescanthinkofseveralpossibleexplanations. Skippingbreakfastmaymakepeopletoohungrylaterintheday,shesays.Thensomeonemayeatmorefoodthantheirbodyneeds,saysSchwartz.What’smore,noteatinginthemorningupsetssomethinginthebodythatkeepsourbrainsandbodiesworkingwell.Andalsoit’sdifficultforchildrentopayattentioninclassiftheyarrivewithouthavingbreakfast.

Butwhyshouldeatingtwobreakfastsnotleadtoweightgain?Oneexplanationmaybethatschoolbreakfastsareveryhealthyandcontrolledinsize,notesSchwartz.What’smore,mostofthedouble-breakfasteatersareboys.Thesekidsmovearoundalot,andthiscanmakethemnotgainweight.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewstudy?A

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Itsleaderwasapsychologist.B

Itisthefirststudyonbreakfast.C

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Itlastedmorethanthreeyears.D

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Itsfindingsweredoubtedbymanypeople.2.Inthestudy,aboutsixtyofthestudents_____.A

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atebreakfastregularlyathomeB

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atebreakfastregularlyatschoolC

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atetwobreakfastsregularlyD

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oftendidnoteatbreakfast3.Withthestudentsgettingolder,______.A

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theyatemorehealthilyB

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theireatinghabitschangedC

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theybegantoovereatsometimesD

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theygottoobusytoeatsometimes4.Whatmayhappentoaboywhoeatsbreakfastregularly?A

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Hemayputonweight.B

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Hisbrainandbodyworkbadly.C

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Heissuretohavehealthyweights.D

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Hecankeepconcentratedinclass.5.Therearemanyreasonswhythosewhoatetwobreakfastsdidn’tgainweightEXCEPTthat_____.A

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theywereactiveB

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theywentonadietC

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theyatehealthyfoodsD.

theyateaproperamountoffood★B閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案.ParentswhosechildrendemandthelatestNikeorAdidastrainersmaybebetteroffbuyingold-fashionedplimsolls（橡膠底帆布鞋）becausetheyencourageahealthierstyleofrunning,researchersclaim.

Bigcompanies,likeNikeandAdidas,makemillionsofdollarsfromsellingthick-soled,highly-cushionedtrainersbothasfashionandsportsshoes.Theresearcherswarnthatwearingsuchshoesfromanearlyagecanmakeitdifficulttoruninanaturalandhealthyway.Oncewehavegrownusedtorunningintrainersitisverydifficulttoalterourtechnique,evenifwechangeorremoveourshoes,andcanevenraisetheriskofinjury.

Childrenshouldbeencouragedtowearshoeswiththin,flexiblesolessuchasplimsollsfromayoungagetohelpthemdevelopanatural"barefoot（赤腳的）"runningstyle,expertssaid.

DrMickWilkinson,whoundertooktheresearch,toldtheBritishScienceFestivalinNewcastle:“IfIwastoadvisesomeoneonwhattogivetheirchildIwouldsaydon’tgoandbuythemexpensiveAdidasorNikebig-cushionedjobs,justgetthemapairofflexible,flatshoes.Givethembasicfoot-ware,nothingfancy,nothingstructured,nothingparticularlycushioned.Thereisalotofevidencethatthehumanfootisstructuredtocopewiththeforcesofrunningbylandingonthemid-foot.’’

Runninginflatshoes,evenbetterstill,barefoot,encouragestherunnertousethefrontoftheirfootwhichisabettertechniqueforrunning,especiallylongdistancesasthehumanwasdesignedtodo.

Aroundtheworld,andinparticularintheUS,runningbarefootisbecomingincreasinglypopularwithmanylongdistancerunnerstrainingwithoutshoes.

DrWilkinsonbelievesthattrainingandrunningbarefootorinflatrunningshoescanhelpreduceinjuriestorunners,saying:“Injuryratesinrunninghavenotchangedsincethe1970s,despiteclaimsofimprovementsinrunningshoes.Thathasledsometoconcludethatbarefootrunningisbetter.”1.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellus?A

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NikeandAdidasareproducinglow-qualitytrainers.B

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Itisimpropertowearhi-techtrainersatanearlyage.C

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Itisunnecessarytobuyhi-techtrainersatanearlyage.D

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Hi-techtrainersaretooexpensiveforordinarypeopletoafford.D2.Whyarepeopleadvisedtowearplimsolls?A

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Theyhaveanewfashion.B

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Theyhavebetterquality.C

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Theyarehealthier.D

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Theyarecheaper.3.WhatcanweinferfromwhatDrMickWilkinsonsaid?A

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Shoesindustryisgraduallydeclining.B

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Barefootrunningismorepopularwithpeople.C

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Plainplimsollswillbereplacedbybarefootrunning.D

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Peoplemustn’trunwithoutshoesforalongdistance.4.Whoisthepassagewrittenmainlyfor？A

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Thebossesofshoesshop.B

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Therunnersoflongdistance.C

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Thebossesofproducingshoes.D

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Theparentsofyoungchildren.★C閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案.SeptemberisNationalChildhoodObesityAwarenessMonth,andoneorganizationisusingtennistoinspirekidstobeactiveandphysicallyfit.OnSeptember7,2015，theUnitedStatesTennisAssociation(USTA)hostedayouthexhibitionattheNationalTennisCenterinNewYork.TheeventhelpedstartthousandsofUSTAFreeTennisPlayEventsnationwideduringthemonth.BoxingchampionLailaAli,partneredwiththeUSTAtohelpspreadthewordaboutthisevent.Atthekickoffevent,Alitalkedaboutthepositiveeffectsofplayingavarietyofsports.“I’mreallyhappytobespreadingthemessagethatparentsshouldkeeptheirkidsactivethroughsportsandphysicalactivitystartingatayoungage,”AlitoldTFK.“Thatwillensurethattheycontinuetostayactiveandhealthythroughouttheirlifeandbecomeinvolvedinsportswhilethey’reyoung.Forkids,gooutthereandjusthavefun.Atlastyouwillfindsomethingyou’regoodat,andthat’sperfectforyou.”

Inyouthtennis,thefocusisonmakingthesportfunforkids,andeasierforthemtoplay.Thecourtsareshorterthanthoseforadultplayers,andtheequipmentincludessmaller,lighterbatsetc.Thegameteacheskidstoplaywithoutpressuretowin.Kidsareencouragedtojustletlooseandhavefun,eveniftheylose.1.WhatistheintentionofUnitedStatesTennisAssociation?A

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Toletkidstreatotherswithrespect.B

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Toencouragekidstobehealthy.C

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Toleadkidstotakepartintennis.D

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Toletkidstreatotherswithkindness.2.WhatisLailaAli’sattitudetotheevent?A

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Upset.B

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Calm.C

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Passive.D

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Supportive.3.ItcanbeconcludedfromLailaAli’swordsthattheimportantthingofmakingkidsactiveinsportsis________.A

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interestB

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moneyC

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timeD

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skill4.Whichofthefollowingmaybestdescribekidsonthetenniscourt?A

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Boringanddifficult.B

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Usefulandnormal.C.

Funnyandeasy.D

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Hardandharmful.★D閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案.Healthexpertswhohavestudiedsleepdeprived（被剝奪的）childrenandteenagershavefoundtheyareatriskofbeingoverweightanddepressed,morelikelytotakeupsmoking,drinking,morelikelytodopoorlyinschool.Now,researcherswiththeCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionarerecommendingthatschooldistrictshelpdealwiththeproblembystartingclassesnoearlierthan8:30a.m.

Researcherslookedatschools'starttimeschedulesin8,000schools.Only1in6startedat8:30orlater,sothatmeansthat5outof6werestartingtooearly.Ifakidisinfirstperiodwhentheyshouldstillbeasleep,howmucharetheyreallylearning?

AmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendedthe8:30a.m.starttime.Thatrecommendationwasbasedonnaturalsleeprhythmsofschoolagechildren,especiallyteenagers.Researcherssayteensshouldbegettingeightandahalftonineandahalfhoursofsleepeverynight,buttwo-thirdsofteenagersdon'tgetnearlythatmuchsleep,andthatdoesn'tjustaffectahealthproblem.Itcanbeapublicsafetyproblem,too—teenagerswhodrivetoschool,forexample.

InMontgomeryCounty,Md.,theschoolboardhasbeendebatingthisissueforyears.Itrecentlyvotedtostartclasses20minuteslaterinmiddleandhighschools,10minuteslaterinelementaryschools,eventhoughmanyparentswantedanevenlaterstarttime.

MontgomeryschoolspokesmanDanaTofigsaysthecostofstartingschoollaterwasahugeconsideration.Changingbusschedulesfor90,000studentsthisfallisgoingtobeahugetask,hesays,butit'snotgoingtocostthatmuchmoremoney.Asfortheoverallbenefitsofstartingschoollater...DanaTofigsays:Ithinkalotofitwillhavetodowithwhatourstudentstellus—thehealthbenefits.Areourstudentshappier?Aretheymoreengagedinschool?Areweseeingfewerincidencesofnegativebehaviorordepression?Andmostimportant:Aretheynotfallingasleepinfirstperiod?1.Studentswhoaredeprivedofsleepwillbemorelikelytofeeldifficultto___