河南省南陽市鎮(zhèn)平縣2023-2024學(xué)年九年級上學(xué)期期末英語試卷+

河南省南陽市鎮(zhèn)平縣2023-2024學(xué)年九年級上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版）二.閱讀理解閱讀下面四篇語言材料，然后按文后要求做題。11．（10分）AGuidetotheSchoolLibraryTofullyusetheschoollibrary，pleasereadthegiveninformationonthedesk.IntroductionstoeachfloorofthelibraryGroupStudyRooms（2F）Studentsandteacherscanusetheseroomsonlyforgroupstudy.Studentsareallowedtouseunlockedroomsatanytime.MeetingRoomsandDiscussionRooms（1&3F）Theseroomscanonlybeusedbyteachersandgraduates（畢業(yè)生）.Pleasebooktheroomonedaybeforeyouuseit.Thereare40seatsineachroom.ComputerRooms（4F）Theseroomsareusedtohaveclasses，discussionmeetingsandsoon.Thenumberofseatsis88.Onlyteachersareallowedtousethecomputerrooms.RulesOpentime：EveryMondaytoSaturday，from7a.m.to10p.m.BorrowingEachstudentcanborrowoneortwobooksatatime.Morebookscanbeborrowedonlyforclassreadingactivitiesandschoolresearch.ReturningBooksborrowedfromthelibrarycanbekeptfor15schooldays.Thebooksmustbereturnedbeforethelastday.Damaged（受損的）orLostBooksWhenabookisreturnedinadamagedcondition，youwillhavetopaythreedollarsforthedamage.Fullpricemustbepaidifabookislost.Weadvisestudentstocarrytheirlibrarybooksinplastic（塑料的）bagstoprotectthemfromrainyweather.Youcanlookthroughtheschoolwebsiteformoreinformation.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）IfMrs.Yaowantstohaveameetingwithfiftyteachers，whichroomscouldsheuse？A.GroupStudyRooms.B.MeetingRooms.C.DiscussionRooms.D.ComputerRooms.（2）Howmanyhoursdoestheschoollibraryopeneachweek？A.15.B.40.C.90.D.105.（3）Whencanstudentsborrowmorethantwobooksatatime？A.Beforetermexams.B.OnParents'Day.C.Forclassreadingactivities.D.Forafter﹣schoolhomework.（4）Whatdoesthelibraryadvisepeopletodo？A.Keepthebooksforalongertime.B.Payfullpricetobuythebooks.C.Carrythebooksinplasticbags.D.Don'tborrowbooksonrainydays.（5）Wherecanwereadthisarticle？A.Onatravelmagazine.B.Onahistoryresearch.C.Onafashionbook.D.Onastudentguide.12．（10分）AlysaaCarsonisa17﹣year﹣oldgirl.ShedreamsofgoingtoMars.Shewasfirstinterestedinbecominganastronautattheageofthree.Atthattime.shewaswatchingacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.AfterknowingtheseriouspollutionandthelargepopulationonEarth.Alyssathinkspeoplemaylookforanotherplanettoliveoninthefuture.ShethinkshumansmaychoosetoliveonMarsinthefuture.That'sbecauseit'saplanetsimilartotheearthinsomeaspects（方面）.What'smore，peoplewillbeabletousethetechnologiestogetthereatthattime.AlyssadreamsofgoingtoMarsandworkinginthefieldofastrobiology（天體生物學(xué)）.Herfatherbelievesthatparentsshouldhelpchildrenachievetheirdreams.Hethinksthatitdoesn'tmatterifthedreamschangealotorhowcrazytheyare.Andhedoesn'tthinkit'stooyoungtogetapilot'slicense（執(zhí)照）fora17﹣year﹣oldgirl.Perhapsit'sverydangerousforhisdaughtertogotoMars.Buthebelievesthatshecanachieveherdreamoneday.Whathecandoistolethisdaughterworkhardforherdream.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"referto？A．Alyssa'sfamily.B．Alyssa'sclassmates.C．Thecharactersinthecartoon.D．Thescenesinthecartoon.（2）WhydoesAlyssathinkpeopleshouldgotoMars？A．Becausepeoplecanliveahappierlifethere.B．Becauseit'seasytogettherewiththetechnologiesnow.C．Becauseit'saplanetwithmanynewlives.D．Becausemarshassomethingincommonwiththeearth.（3）WhatcanwelearnaboutAlyssaCarson'sfather？A．Hehopeshisdaughtertobeascientistinthefuture.B．Heusedtobeapilotwhenhewasyoung.C．Heworksinthefieldofastrobiologynow.D．Herespectshisdaughter'sdream.（4）WhichoneisTRUEaccordingtothetext？A．It'seasyfora17﹣year﹣oldgirltogetapilot'slicence.B．Alyssa'sdreamofgoingtoMarslastsforalongtime.C．Wecanaskparentsforhelpwhenwemeettrouble.D．Alyssaisaquietandhard﹣workingstudentatschool.（5）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus？A．Interestisthebestteacherforeverychild.B．It'snevertoolateforpeopletolearnsomethingnew.C．Parentsshouldworkhardfortheirchildren'sdreams.D．Childrenshouldcommunicatewiththeirparentsintime.13．（10分）Whenwerethecamerasinvented？Let'sgointothepast.Inthe1500s，menmadeexperiments（試驗(yàn)）oncamerasthatmadeimages.Butitwasnotuntiltheearly1800sthatsomeonefoundawaytomakethepicturespermanent（永久的）.Thenphotographywasanewtechnology.Mostfamiliescouldn'ttakepicturesthemselves.Theywouldturntoaphotographer.Peopledidn'thavetheirowncamerasbecauseitwastoodifficulttotakepicturesanddevelopthefilm（沖洗膠片）.In1884，GeorgeEastmaninventedakindoffilmthatfittedbacktoasmallcameratochangephotographyandthenewfilmwaseasytouseformanypeople，sotheybegantobuycameras.Whentheyhadusedup（用完）theirfilms，peoplesenttheircamerasbacktothefactory.Thefilmwasdevelopedinthefactoryandhelpedprintpictures.Thenmoreandmorepeoplecouldusethecamerasandfilm.Eastman'sinventionmadeiteasytotakephotos.Today'scamerasareeveneasiertouseandpeoplecanputinfilmsthemselves.Takingphotohasbecomeagrowinghobby.Therearealsomanynewjobsinthefieldsuchasnewspapers，magazinesandtelevisions.Theyallneedpicturestotelltheirstorieswell.Withthehelpofphotographers，scientistscantakepicturesthroughmicroscopes（顯微鏡）andtelescopes（望遠(yuǎn)鏡）.Deep﹣seadiverstakepicturesofoceanplantsandanimals，whileastronautstaketheircamerasintospace.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）In1884，GeorgeEastmanchangedphotographybyinventinganewkindof.A.imageB.factoryC.filmD.camera（2）Longago，peoplesenttheircamerastofactorybecause.A.theywantedtohavethecamerascleanedB.theywantedtheirfilmdevelopedC.theybroketheircameraswhentakingpicturesD.theywantedtohavetheirpicturestakenbyaphotographer（3）Whydidpeoplebegintobuytheirowncameras？A.Takinganddevelopingpicturesbecameeasier.B.Theydidn'tlikephotographers.C.Theywantedtoseewhatacameralookedlike.D.Camerasareverycheap.（4）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE？A.Deep﹣seadiversdonotusecameras.B.Photographerscannotfindjobstoday.C.Therearedifferentkindsofcameras.D.Everymanfoundawaytomakephotographersbecomescientists.（5）Inaword，thepassageisabout.A.thefieldofphotographyB.thelifeofGeorgeEastmanC.howphotographershelpscientistsD.GeorgeEastmaninventedcameras14．（10分）ThefirstrestaurantswereinancientGreeceandancientRome.Theserestaurantsservedfoodinlargestonebowls.（1）PeoplebelievethattheserestaurantswereverypopularbecausemosthomesinancientGreeceandRomedidnothavekitchens.Also，peopledidn'thavetostorefoodathomeiftheyatetheirmealsattheserestaurants.（2）Intheearly1100s，morethan1millionpeoplelivedinthecityofHangzhou，China.Itwasaverybusycity，andpeoplehadmoney.Allofthesepeoplehadtoeat.SmartcooksstartedcookingandsellingfoodalongtheImperialWay，averybigstreetinthecity.PeopleinChinacouldchoosefoodfromamenu.（3）Forthenextseveralcenturies，therewererestaurantsallovertheworld.Peoplecouldbuyfoodonthestreetoratinns﹣﹣smallhotels.Then，inthemiddleofthe1700s，restaurantsstartedopeninginParis.Theserestaurantsweremoresimilartorestaurantsweknowtoday.Thereweremorekindsoffood，andeatingintheserestaurantswasamoreenjoyableexperience.（4）Intheend，thiskindofrestaurantbegantoappearalloverEuropeandinotherpartsoftheworld.Now，restaurantsareeverywhere.Youcanbuydifferentkindsoffood.（5）Butrememberitwasn'talwayslikethat.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A.Youcanalsohavefoodsenttoyourdoor.B.Later，restaurantsbegantoopeninChina.C.Everyoneusedtosharethefoodfrombigbowls.D.Theydidn'thavetoeatthesamefoodaseveryoneelse.E.Inthe19thcentury，trainsmadetravelmuchfasterandsimpler.三.完形填空先通讀短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案。15．（15分）ItwasmyfirstdayatschoolandIwashalf﹣excitedandhalf﹣afraid.Onmywaytoschool，I（1）whatquestionstheotherboyswouldaskme.AndIpracticedallthe（2），"I'mnineyearsold.IwasbornherebutIleftLondonwhenIwastwo.Icamebacktwomonthsago."Ialsowonderedifitwastherulefortheboystofight（3）likeme，butIwastallformyage.Ihopedtheywoulddecidenottoriskit.Noonetookany（4）ofmebeforeclass.Istoodontheplayground，expectingsomeonetosay"hello"，butnoone（5）tome.Therewere42boysintheclass，soIdidn'tstandout（突出）there，（6）thefirstlessonintheafternoon.OurteacherMr.JonesaskedseveralboysiftheyknewCharlesDickens'birthplace，but（7）couldgiveananswer.Brian，thebiggestintheclass，said"Timbuktu（遙遠(yuǎn)的地方）"andMr.Jonesgotvery（8）.Thenheaskedme.Isaid"Portsmouth"andthisbroughteveryonea（9）becauseMr.JonessaidIwasright.Thisdidn'tmakemevery（10），ofcourse."Hethinkshe'sclever，"IheardBriansay.Afterthat，wewentouttoplayfootball.IwasinBrian'steam，andheclearlyhadDickensinmind（11）heaskedmetogoingoal（守球門）.Noonewantedtobethegoalkeeper."He'sbigenoughanduselessenough，"Briansaidwhensomeoneaskedhimwhyhehadmadeuphismindto（12）me.Whenaboyintheotherteamkickedtheballhardtomyright，Ithrewmyselfdown（13）andsavedit.Allmyteamcrowdedaroundme.Mykneeswerehurtbadly.Brian（14）ahandkerchief（手帕）andofferedittome."Doyouwantto（15）myteam？"heasked.Attheendoftheday，Iwasnolongerastranger.（1）A.developedB.wonderedC.explainedD.decided（2）A.answersB.discussionsC.secretsD.results（3）A.strangersB.parentsC.friendsD.teachers（4）A.chanceB.searchC.noticeD.control（5）A.spokeB.reportedC.suggestedD.agreed（6）A.throughB.duringC.afterD.until（7）A.anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybody（8）A.excitedB.angryC.satisfiedD.afraid（9）A.surpriseB.promiseC.doubtD.thought（10）A.differentB.braveC.popularD.lonely（11）A.thoughB.becauseC.unlessD.while（12）A.chooseB.refuseC.helpD.invite（13）A.quietlyB.quicklyC.luckilyD.easily（14）A.dependedonB.gaveawayC.tookoutD.putup（15）A.changeB.leaveC.knowD.join四.語篇填空第一節(jié)閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。16．（10分）ball；they；good；day；after；list；successful；do；project；forInventionsalwaysplayanimportantroleinour（1）life.Theymakeourlifewonderfulandmucheasier.AteacherinHarvardUniversitywantedtolethisstudentsdoa（2）.Sohesaidtotheclass，"Iwantyoutosolveaworldproblemaboutelectricenergy.Whocanfinishthetask？"（3）hearingthat，JuliaandJessicaanswered，"Wewanttoacceptthisdifficultwork."Theythoughttheyshould（4）aresearchfirstinordertofinishthetaskwell.Sothey（5）somecountrieswithlesselectricenergyonthepaperandstudiedthemcarefully.Theynoticedthatpeopleinthesecountriesplayedsoccer.SoJuliaandJessicaworkedwithfriendstodesignasoccerballwithabattery（電池）init.Thoughtheyhadanidea，itwasabithardfor（6）tomakeitcometrue.Thentheyaskedtheirfriends（7）help.Ittookthemalongtimetocompletethetask，butfinallytheydidit（8）.JuliaandJessicanamedtheirballtheSOCKET.Whentheplayerskicked（踢）theball，thebatteryinsidecaughttheenergyfromthe（9）movements.Aftergames，theplayersusedtheenergyinthebatterytopowerLEDlightsandphones.Itisfantasticthatasimpleclassprojectcanmakeourlivesmuch（10）.第二節(jié)閱讀短文，根據(jù)語篇要求填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞。17．（5分）WuMingisayoungGerman.HeisabigfanofChineseculture.Nowhe（1）studyingatHenanUniversityofChineseMedicine.WucametoHenanProvincein2019.AfteroneyearoflearningChinese，hestartedtolearnChinesemedicinebecausehehoped（2）understandChineseculture.WualwaystastedsomeChinesemedicinebyhimselflikeShenNong.Healsoovercame（戰(zhàn)勝）difficultyinthelanguagebylearningandpracticingChinese.StudyingTCM（中醫(yī)）changedWu'smindandlifestyle.Wuuses（3）hehaslearnedtohelphisfamilynow.Heprovideshisfamilymembers（4）healthadviceafterheknewabouttheconditionoftheirbodies.InWu'sopinion，there'snobigdifferencebetweenChinaandWesterncountries."Weare（5）samepeople.Theso﹣calleddifferencecomesfromnotknowingeachother"，saidWu.五.補(bǔ)全對話根據(jù)下面的對話情景，在每個(gè)空白處填上一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?，使對話的意思連貫、完整。18．（10分）A：Hi，Linda.Doyouwanttobeintheschoolshowthisyear？B：Yes，thatsoundsexciting!（1）？A：It'samusicalcalledQuYuan.Andguesswhat？I'mgoingtobeQuYuan.B：Wow!（2）.Iknowthatbecomingamusicalactorhasalwaysbeenyourdream.A：Thanksalot.B：Sowhatdoyouwantmetodo？A：（3）.Iknowyouaregoodatseveralmusicalinstruments.Canyoujoinus？B：Sure.I'mhappytotakepartinit.A：Great.Therewillbeameetingaboutitinthehallafterschooltoday.（4）？B：Sure.I'llbethereontime.A：Youcanmeettheothermembersandhearallthesongs.B：Great!（5）？A：It'sonNewYear'sDay.Thereishalfamonthforustoprepareit.B：Gotit!Let'sdoittogether!六.書面表達(dá)19．（20分）手機(jī)是現(xiàn)在生活中最普及的通訊工具之一，也是不可缺少的必需品。請根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇英語短文，談?wù)勀愕恼J(rèn)識(shí)。提示：（1）手機(jī)的制成（金屬和塑料）、種類、價(jià)錢、顏色和形狀；（2）手機(jī)的用途（打電話、聽歌、看視頻、上網(wǎng)聊天、發(fā)郵件等等）；（3）現(xiàn)在學(xué)生幾乎都有手機(jī)，但是作用不同；（4）補(bǔ)充一至兩點(diǎn)個(gè)人想法和你的認(rèn)識(shí)。要求：（1）包含提示中的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；（2）文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和校名；（3）100詞左右。短文開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Mobilephonehasbecomeanecessarypartofpeople'slife._________

參考答案與試題解析二.閱讀理解閱讀下面四篇語言材料，然后按文后要求做題。11．（10分）AGuidetotheSchoolLibraryTofullyusetheschoollibrary，pleasereadthegiveninformationonthedesk.IntroductionstoeachfloorofthelibraryGroupStudyRooms（2F）Studentsandteacherscanusetheseroomsonlyforgroupstudy.Studentsareallowedtouseunlockedroomsatanytime.MeetingRoomsandDiscussionRooms（1&3F）Theseroomscanonlybeusedbyteachersandgraduates（畢業(yè)生）.Pleasebooktheroomonedaybeforeyouuseit.Thereare40seatsineachroom.ComputerRooms（4F）Theseroomsareusedtohaveclasses，discussionmeetingsandsoon.Thenumberofseatsis88.Onlyteachersareallowedtousethecomputerrooms.RulesOpentime：EveryMondaytoSaturday，from7a.m.to10p.m.BorrowingEachstudentcanborrowoneortwobooksatatime.Morebookscanbeborrowedonlyforclassreadingactivitiesandschoolresearch.ReturningBooksborrowedfromthelibrarycanbekeptfor15schooldays.Thebooksmustbereturnedbeforethelastday.Damaged（受損的）orLostBooksWhenabookisreturnedinadamagedcondition，youwillhavetopaythreedollarsforthedamage.Fullpricemustbepaidifabookislost.Weadvisestudentstocarrytheirlibrarybooksinplastic（塑料的）bagstoprotectthemfromrainyweather.Youcanlookthroughtheschoolwebsiteformoreinformation.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）IfMrs.Yaowantstohaveameetingwithfiftyteachers，whichroomscouldsheuse？DA.GroupStudyRooms.B.MeetingRooms.C.DiscussionRooms.D.ComputerRooms.（2）Howmanyhoursdoestheschoollibraryopeneachweek？CA.15.B.40.C.90.D.105.（3）Whencanstudentsborrowmorethantwobooksatatime？CA.Beforetermexams.B.OnParents'Day.C.Forclassreadingactivities.D.Forafter﹣schoolhomework.（4）Whatdoesthelibraryadvisepeopletodo？CA.Keepthebooksforalongertime.B.Payfullpricetobuythebooks.C.Carrythebooksinplasticbags.D.Don'tborrowbooksonrainydays.（5）Wherecanwereadthisarticle？DA.Onatravelmagazine.B.Onahistoryresearch.C.Onafashionbook.D.Onastudentguide.【分析】短文主要介紹了學(xué)校圖書館的使用指南。【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中ComputerRooms（4F）Theseroomsareusedtohaveclasses，discussionmeetingsandsoon.Thenumberofseatsis88.Onlyteachersareallowedtousethecomputerrooms.（計(jì)算機(jī)室（4樓）這些房間用于上課、討論會(huì)等。座位數(shù)量為88個(gè)。只有教師才能使用計(jì)算機(jī)室。）可知，如果姚老師想和五十位老師開會(huì)，她可以使用計(jì)算機(jī)室。故選：D。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中Opentime：EveryMondaytoSaturday，from7a.m.to10p.m.（開放時(shí)間：每周一至周六，上午7點(diǎn)至晚上10點(diǎn)。）可組織，學(xué)校圖書館一周開放90個(gè)小時(shí)。故選：C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Eachstudentcanborrowoneortwobooksatatime.Morebookscanbeborrowedonlyforclassreadingactivitiesandschoolresearch.（每個(gè)學(xué)生一次可以借一到兩本書。只能為課堂閱讀活動(dòng)和學(xué)校研究借更多的書。）可知，學(xué)生在課堂閱讀活動(dòng)時(shí)可以一次借兩本以上的書。故選：C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Weadvisestudentstocarrytheirlibrarybooksinplasticbagstoprotectthemfromrainyweather.（我們建議學(xué)生把圖書館的書裝在塑料袋里，以防下雨。）可知，圖書館建議人們把書裝在塑料袋里。故選：C。（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題Introductionstoeachfloorofthelibrary（圖書館各層介紹）以及通讀全文可知，短文主要介紹了學(xué)校圖書館的使用指南。因此我們在學(xué)生指南上可以閱讀這篇文章，故選：D。【點(diǎn)評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。12．（10分）AlysaaCarsonisa17﹣year﹣oldgirl.ShedreamsofgoingtoMars.Shewasfirstinterestedinbecominganastronautattheageofthree.Atthattime.shewaswatchingacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.AfterknowingtheseriouspollutionandthelargepopulationonEarth.Alyssathinkspeoplemaylookforanotherplanettoliveoninthefuture.ShethinkshumansmaychoosetoliveonMarsinthefuture.That'sbecauseit'saplanetsimilartotheearthinsomeaspects（方面）.What'smore，peoplewillbeabletousethetechnologiestogetthereatthattime.AlyssadreamsofgoingtoMarsandworkinginthefieldofastrobiology（天體生物學(xué)）.Herfatherbelievesthatparentsshouldhelpchildrenachievetheirdreams.Hethinksthatitdoesn'tmatterifthedreamschangealotorhowcrazytheyare.Andhedoesn'tthinkit'stooyoungtogetapilot'slicense（執(zhí)照）fora17﹣year﹣oldgirl.Perhapsit'sverydangerousforhisdaughtertogotoMars.Buthebelievesthatshecanachieveherdreamoneday.Whathecandoistolethisdaughterworkhardforherdream.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"referto？CA．Alyssa'sfamily.B．Alyssa'sclassmates.C．Thecharactersinthecartoon.D．Thescenesinthecartoon.（2）WhydoesAlyssathinkpeopleshouldgotoMars？DA．Becausepeoplecanliveahappierlifethere.B．Becauseit'seasytogettherewiththetechnologiesnow.C．Becauseit'saplanetwithmanynewlives.D．Becausemarshassomethingincommonwiththeearth.（3）WhatcanwelearnaboutAlyssaCarson'sfather？DA．Hehopeshisdaughtertobeascientistinthefuture.B．Heusedtobeapilotwhenhewasyoung.C．Heworksinthefieldofastrobiologynow.D．Herespectshisdaughter'sdream.（4）WhichoneisTRUEaccordingtothetext？BA．It'seasyfora17﹣year﹣oldgirltogetapilot'slicence.B．Alyssa'sdreamofgoingtoMarslastsforalongtime.C．Wecanaskparentsforhelpwhenwemeettrouble.D．Alyssaisaquietandhard﹣workingstudentatschool.（5）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus？AA．Interestisthebestteacherforeverychild.B．It'snevertoolateforpeopletolearnsomethingnew.C．Parentsshouldworkhardfortheirchildren'sdreams.D．Childrenshouldcommunicatewiththeirparentsintime.【分析】本文主要講述了艾莉莎?卡森的故事?！窘獯稹浚?）C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.可知漫畫中的人物為了不同的任務(wù)多次去火星。她也想成為他們中的一員。根據(jù)前文含義以及結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處them意為"漫畫中的人物"，故選C。（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShethinkshumansmaychoosetoliveonMarsinthefuture.That'sbecauseit'saplanetsimilartotheearthinsomeaspects（方面）.可知她認(rèn)為未來人類可能會(huì)選擇在火星上生活。這是因?yàn)樗谀承┓矫媾c地球很相似。故選D。（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Herfatherbelievesthatparentsshouldhelpchildrenachievetheirdreams.Hethinksthatitdoesn'tmatterifthedreamschangealotorhowcrazytheyare.可知她父親認(rèn)為父母應(yīng)該幫助孩子實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想。不管夢有多大的改變，也不管夢有多瘋狂他都是這樣認(rèn)為。因此可知關(guān)于艾莉莎?卡森的父親我們能知道他尊重女兒的夢想。故選D。（4）B.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)AlysaaCarsonisa17﹣year﹣oldgirl.ShedreamsofgoingtoMars.Shewasfirstinterestedinbecominganastronautattheageofthree.Atthattime.shewaswatchingacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.可知艾莉莎?卡森是個(gè)17歲的女孩。她夢想去火星。她三歲時(shí)第一次對成為宇航員感興趣。在那個(gè)時(shí)候。她在看一部叫《窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤》的卡通。漫畫中的人物為了不同的任務(wù)多次去火星。她也想成為他們中的一員。因此可知艾莉莎去火星的夢想持續(xù)了很長時(shí)間。故選B。（5）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Shewasfirstinterestedinbecominganastronautattheageofthree.Atthattime.shewaswatchingacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.可知她三歲時(shí)第一次對成為宇航員感興趣。在那個(gè)時(shí)候。她在看一部叫《窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤》的卡通。漫畫中的人物為了不同的任務(wù)多次去火星。她也想成為他們中的一員。以及What'smore，peoplewillbeabletousethetechnologiestogetthereatthattime.AlyssadreamsofgoingtoMarsandworkinginthefieldofastrobiology（天體生物學(xué)）.可知而且，人們屆時(shí)將能夠利用這些技術(shù)到達(dá)那里。艾莉莎夢想去火星，在天體生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域工作。因此可知作者通過艾莉莎的故事想告訴我們興趣是每個(gè)孩子最好的老師。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評】做題時(shí)首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。13．（10分）Whenwerethecamerasinvented？Let'sgointothepast.Inthe1500s，menmadeexperiments（試驗(yàn)）oncamerasthatmadeimages.Butitwasnotuntiltheearly1800sthatsomeonefoundawaytomakethepicturespermanent（永久的）.Thenphotographywasanewtechnology.Mostfamiliescouldn'ttakepicturesthemselves.Theywouldturntoaphotographer.Peopledidn'thavetheirowncamerasbecauseitwastoodifficulttotakepicturesanddevelopthefilm（沖洗膠片）.In1884，GeorgeEastmaninventedakindoffilmthatfittedbacktoasmallcameratochangephotographyandthenewfilmwaseasytouseformanypeople，sotheybegantobuycameras.Whentheyhadusedup（用完）theirfilms，peoplesenttheircamerasbacktothefactory.Thefilmwasdevelopedinthefactoryandhelpedprintpictures.Thenmoreandmorepeoplecouldusethecamerasandfilm.Eastman'sinventionmadeiteasytotakephotos.Today'scamerasareeveneasiertouseandpeoplecanputinfilmsthemselves.Takingphotohasbecomeagrowinghobby.Therearealsomanynewjobsinthefieldsuchasnewspapers，magazinesandtelevisions.Theyallneedpicturestotelltheirstorieswell.Withthehelpofphotographers，scientistscantakepicturesthroughmicroscopes（顯微鏡）andtelescopes（望遠(yuǎn)鏡）.Deep﹣seadiverstakepicturesofoceanplantsandanimals，whileastronautstaketheircamerasintospace.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）In1884，GeorgeEastmanchangedphotographybyinventinganewkindofC.A.imageB.factoryC.filmD.camera（2）Longago，peoplesenttheircamerastofactorybecauseB.A.theywantedtohavethecamerascleanedB.theywantedtheirfilmdevelopedC.theybroketheircameraswhentakingpicturesD.theywantedtohavetheirpicturestakenbyaphotographer（3）Whydidpeoplebegintobuytheirowncameras？AA.Takinganddevelopingpicturesbecameeasier.B.Theydidn'tlikephotographers.C.Theywantedtoseewhatacameralookedlike.D.Camerasareverycheap.（4）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE？CA.Deep﹣seadiversdonotusecameras.B.Photographerscannotfindjobstoday.C.Therearedifferentkindsofcameras.D.Everymanfoundawaytomakephotographersbecomescientists.（5）Inaword，thepassageisaboutD.A.thefieldofphotographyB.thelifeofGeorgeEastmanC.howphotographershelpscientistsD.GeorgeEastmaninventedcameras【分析】文章主要介紹了喬治?伊斯曼發(fā)明了照相機(jī)。【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中In1884，GeorgeEastmaninventedakindoffilmthatfittedbacktoasmallcameratochangephotographyandthenewfilmwaseasytouseformanypeople，sotheybegantobuycameras.（1884年，喬治?伊斯曼發(fā)明了一種可以安裝在小型相機(jī)上的膠卷，以改變攝影方式，這種新膠卷對許多人來說很容易使用，所以他們開始購買相機(jī)。）可知，1884年，喬治?伊斯曼發(fā)明了一種新型膠卷，從而改變了攝影，故選：C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Thefilmwasdevelopedinthefactoryandhelpedprintpictures.（這種膠卷是在工廠里沖洗的，有助于打印圖片。）可知，很久以前，人們把相機(jī)送到工廠是因?yàn)樗麄兿霙_洗膠卷，故選：B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Whentheyhaduseduptheirfilms，peoplesenttheircamerasbacktothefactory.Thefilmwasdevelopedinthefactoryandhelpedprintpictures.Thenmoreandmorepeoplecouldusethecamerasandfilm.（當(dāng)他們用完膠卷后，人們把相機(jī)送回工廠。這種膠卷是在工廠里沖洗的，有助于打印圖片。然后越來越多的人可以使用相機(jī)和膠卷。伊斯曼的發(fā)明使拍照變得容易。）可知，人們開始購買自己的相機(jī)是因?yàn)檎障嗪蜎_洗照片變得更容易了，故選：A。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Withthehelpofphotographers，scientistscantakepicturesthroughmicroscopesandtelescopes.Deep﹣seadiverstakepicturesofoceanplantsandanimals，whileastronautstaketheircamerasintospace.（在攝影師的幫助下，科學(xué)家可以通過顯微鏡和望遠(yuǎn)鏡拍照。深海潛水員拍攝海洋動(dòng)植物的照片，而宇航員則將相機(jī)帶入太空。）可知，這與C選項(xiàng)"有不同種類的照相機(jī)。"描述相符，C項(xiàng)陳述是正確的，故選：C。（5）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中In1884，GeorgeEastmaninventedakindoffilmthatfittedbacktoasmallcameratochangephotographyandthenewfilmwaseasytouseformanypeople，sotheybegantobuycameras.（1884年，喬治?伊斯曼發(fā)明了一種可以安裝在小型相機(jī)上的膠卷，以改變攝影方式，這種新膠卷對許多人來說很容易使用，所以他們開始購買相機(jī)。）以及通讀全文可知，總之，這篇文章是關(guān)于喬治?伊斯曼發(fā)明了照相機(jī)，故選：D?！军c(diǎn)評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。14．（10分）ThefirstrestaurantswereinancientGreeceandancientRome.Theserestaurantsservedfoodinlargestonebowls.（1）CPeoplebelievethattheserestaurantswereverypopularbecausemosthomesinancientGreeceandRomedidnothavekitchens.Also，peopledidn'thavetostorefoodathomeiftheyatetheirmealsattheserestaurants.（2）BIntheearly1100s，morethan1millionpeoplelivedinthecityofHangzhou，China.Itwasaverybusycity，andpeoplehadmoney.Allofthesepeoplehadtoeat.SmartcooksstartedcookingandsellingfoodalongtheImperialWay，averybigstreetinthecity.PeopleinChinacouldchoosefoodfromamenu.（3）DForthenextseveralcenturies，therewererestaurantsallovertheworld.Peoplecouldbuyfoodonthestreetoratinns﹣﹣smallhotels.Then，inthemiddleofthe1700s，restaurantsstartedopeninginParis.Theserestaurantsweremoresimilartorestaurantsweknowtoday.Thereweremorekindsoffood，andeatingintheserestaurantswasamoreenjoyableexperience.（4）EIntheend，thiskindofrestaurantbegantoappearalloverEuropeandinotherpartsoftheworld.Now，restaurantsareeverywhere.Youcanbuydifferentkindsoffood.（5）AButrememberitwasn'talwayslikethat.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A.Youcanalsohavefoodsenttoyourdoor.B.Later，restaurantsbegantoopeninChina.C.Everyoneusedtosharethefoodfrombigbowls.D.Theydidn'thavetoeatthesamefoodaseveryoneelse.E.Inthe19thcentury，trainsmadetravelmuchfasterandsimpler.【分析】本文主要介紹了餐館的起源和發(fā)展歷史。【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)上文ThefirstrestaurantswereinancientGreeceandancientRome.Theserestaurantsservedfoodinlargestonebowls.（最早的餐館出現(xiàn)在古希臘和古羅馬。這些餐館用大石碗供應(yīng)食物。）可知，此處介紹最早的進(jìn)餐模式，選項(xiàng)C"以前每個(gè)人都分享大碗里的食物。"符合題意。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)下文Intheearly1100s，morethan1millionpeoplelivedinthecityofHangzhou，China.（在21世紀(jì)初，中國杭州的人口超過100萬。）可知，此處介紹中國早期的餐館，選項(xiàng)B"后來，餐館開始在中國開業(yè)。"符合題意。故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)上文PeopleinChinacouldchoosefoo