專題16完形填空之句間語(yǔ)篇層次題3大技巧解密（講義）（原卷版）-2024年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)高頻考點(diǎn)追蹤與預(yù)測(cè)（新高考專用）

專題16完形填空之句間+語(yǔ)篇層次題3大技巧解密01專題網(wǎng)絡(luò)·思維腦圖02考情分析·解密高考03高頻考點(diǎn)·以考定法考點(diǎn)一完形填空考點(diǎn)一完形填空【高考解密】命題點(diǎn)01句間層次題命題點(diǎn)02語(yǔ)篇層次題【技巧解密】【考向預(yù)測(cè)】04核心素養(yǎng)·微專題微專題完形填空5大易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)05創(chuàng)新好題·分層練試卷年份體裁主題考查類型語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容(短語(yǔ))動(dòng)詞名詞(短語(yǔ))形容詞(短語(yǔ))副詞介詞(短語(yǔ))全國(guó)乙卷2023記敘文人與自我完善自我123510全國(guó)甲卷2023記敘文人與社會(huì)人際交往84701新高考Ⅰ卷2023記敘文人與社會(huì)人際關(guān)系67200新高考Ⅱ卷2023記敘文人與社會(huì)人際關(guān)系73410全國(guó)卷Ⅰ/全國(guó)乙卷2022說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)人際關(guān)系774202021夾敘夾議人與社會(huì)人際交往1071202020夾敘夾議人與自我完善自我683212019記敘文人與自然環(huán)境保護(hù)87410全國(guó)卷Ⅱ/全國(guó)甲卷2022記敘文人與社會(huì)人際交往871312021記敘文人與自我完善自我1054102020記敘文人與社會(huì)文化遺產(chǎn)1143202019記敘文人與社會(huì)人際關(guān)系95321全國(guó)卷Ⅲ2020記敘文人與社會(huì)社會(huì)關(guān)系836122019夾敘夾議人與自然人與環(huán)境94520命題點(diǎn)01句間層次題典例01【典例9】(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeep__47__．47．A.fighting B．smilingC．Waiting D．changing典例02【典例10】(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)...and__55__openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust56.stare__atitandwonder，“Whatifitisn’tadoor？”55．A.byparisonwith B．inadditiontoC．regardlessof D．insteadof典例03(2020全國(guó)Ⅱ卷·47)WhenNicoloretiredandwenttoliveinSicily,he________thepaintingswithhim.HehungthemabovethesametablehehadmovedfromTurin.heldB.leftC.registered D.brought命題點(diǎn)02語(yǔ)篇層次題典例01(2021·浙江1月卷)IwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8－day__42__．Wehadto43.carryeverythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea44.longwaybutin35℃heatandwithaheavypack，mylegswereonfire.…53．Needless__to__say，Isufferedalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthereandI54.survived．IthinkIammuch55.stronger__forhavingtakenpartintheproject.42．A.tour B．projectC．campaign D．course典例02(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa41.nursejustafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent42.gradesofgratitude(感謝)．Mythoughtsweresoon__43__．Wehadawomanpatientwhowas44.recoveringfromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while45.attemptingtogetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas46.eventuallydiscoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,47.requiringtheemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though48.slowly,__andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.43．A.brushedaside B．puttothetestC．broughtunderdiscussion D．takenintoaccount句內(nèi)層次題的解題信息分布在本句內(nèi)，在讀懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息憑借語(yǔ)感即可順利選出答案。句組層次題是比句內(nèi)層次題稍難一級(jí)的題目，其解題信息分布在空格前后的一組意群之中，解題時(shí)需“瞻前顧后”，“綜合意群信息”解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。技巧1

瞻前顧后揣摩語(yǔ)境眾所周知，完形填空的命題不是“天馬行空”，更不是“獨(dú)來(lái)獨(dú)往”，所以正確領(lǐng)會(huì)和下文情節(jié)的發(fā)展發(fā)生這樣或那樣的關(guān)系，這就成為尋找正確項(xiàng)的根據(jù)。因此，考生需要“顧及”空后的相關(guān)信息，從而做出正確的選擇。1.【2022·新高考I】Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour___21___arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.21.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveries2.【2022·新高考I】Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas___24___,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.24.A.unhurt B.unfortunate C.unfortable D.unafraid3.【2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】Likemanyyoungpeople,Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem,this25yearoldisdoingit___21___.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.21．A．indoors B．online C．singlehanded D．fulltime4.【2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】Throughouttheirnocoststaysin___25___homes,theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthehomeowner’s___26___.25．A．strangers’ B．parents’ C．coworkers’ D．neighbors’26．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．a(chǎn)bsence5.【2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷】Buthousesittingalsooffersalevelof___29___theycan’tfindinahotel.“It’slikestayingatafriend’shouse,”Jessicasays.29．A．support B．fort C．control D．a(chǎn)ttention技巧2

根據(jù)行文邏輯行文邏輯行文邏輯答題時(shí)，要樹(shù)立起語(yǔ)篇概念，理清其結(jié)構(gòu)布局，明辨句子之間以及段落之間的關(guān)系，利用句與句、句群與句群之間的邏輯關(guān)系解題。句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系主要包括：并列關(guān)系(連接詞有and，while等)；轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(連接詞有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果關(guān)系(連接詞有so，therefore，thus，because,for，since，as等)；讓步關(guān)系(連接詞或短語(yǔ)有though，although，despite,inspiteof等)；條件關(guān)系(連接詞或短語(yǔ)有if，unless,once，providedthat，incaseof等)；解釋關(guān)系(連接詞或短語(yǔ)有i.e.，thatistosay,inotherwords等)；順序關(guān)系(連接詞有before，after，and，first，second，then，next,finally等)?！?022·新高考I卷】Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenweheadedoff,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly___28___ourpeacefulmorningtrip.28.A.arranged B.interrupted C.pleted D.recorded2.【2022·全國(guó)甲卷】WhenIfirstdatedSteve,Ilearnedhehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.WhileIwasthrilledthathewasananimallover,Iworriedthatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmightattack___46___,thecat.46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tillywasso20andlikemindedthatitwasvery21tofeelathome.20．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious21．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easyAfloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.25,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise技巧3根據(jù)利用情感態(tài)度解題在快速閱讀文章的過(guò)程中，仔細(xì)找出能夠反映作者態(tài)度和感情色彩的重要詞匯,它們往往是名詞、形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。這些詞匯通常是解題時(shí)重要的參照線索,可以幫助考生快速確定某些題目的正確答案。【真題典例】（2021年浙江卷1月）Myjobwasto45.buildastairwayoutofrock.This46.meantclimbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited(棲息)bymountainlions,althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard,never47.seen.Threedayslater,abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The48ofknowingthatmy49.workwillbeonthatmountainsideforyearstoeismassive.A.satisfactionB.ambitionC.expectationD.intention考向01句間層次題（2023年四川省成都七中高三檢測(cè)試題）Peoplemaymisunderstandwhattheyusedtobefamiliarwith.Iremembera41professor,invitedtoourschool,taughtstressmanagementprinciplesinaschoolhall42.filledwithstudents.41．A．physics B．chemistry C．literature D．psychology2.（2023年福建莆田一中模擬測(cè)試）Isaidtomyassistant.The____42____colleaguecontactedmywife,Beth,andshedrovemestraighttohospital.42．A．curious B．reserved C．casual D．concerned3.（2023年廣東省4地區(qū)高三聯(lián)考）Johnny___45___walkedintothehutandsankontothemuddybrownsofa.“Areyouokay,dear?”Hisgrandmaasked.45．A．unhappily B．unbelievably C．unexpectedly D．unconsciously考向02語(yǔ)篇層次題(2019全國(guó)Ⅱ卷·45)Backhome,Ehlerswastroubledbythat_______dog.So,fourdayslater,hecalledhisfriendGreg,andthetwodroveback…....Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeoneadvertisedaslostinthelocalpaper.A.injuredB.stolenC.lostD.rescued(2021·八省市聯(lián)考)ThemomentIsaidittheassistant47.shoutedfrombehind.“Howdaredoyousaythat!Whoareyoutotakeusdown,eh？”IadmitIwastoo__48__atthatmomentandtheunclestandingbesidemewasgivingmean__49__look.Fromthatdayon,I50pletelystoppedjokingaboutanyone’sprofessionandworks...48．A.angry B．proudC．scared D．curious49．A.anxious B．a(chǎn)ppealingC．encouraging D．a(chǎn)wkward完形填空5大易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)高考是選拔性考試，試題有難度梯度。因此，完形填空中總會(huì)有兩三道較難題目成為考生取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)的“攔路虎”。導(dǎo)致這些題目失分的原因主要有以下幾點(diǎn)：①解題信息比較隱蔽；②干擾項(xiàng)迷惑性較強(qiáng)；③情感態(tài)度較難把握；④慣性思維所致。針對(duì)這些題目，考生除了需要具備扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言功底外，還應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎小心應(yīng)對(duì)。本講總結(jié)了解答完形填空的五大易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)，旨在讓考生遇到此類題目時(shí)不要急于求成，要三思而后判。eq\a\vs4\al\co1(因缺乏全篇關(guān)聯(lián)思維而錯(cuò)選)語(yǔ)篇層次題的解題信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或幾段甚至全篇，這就要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脈絡(luò)、作者的思想、意圖或主人公的心理，然后進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的推理、判斷，從而做出正確的選擇。對(duì)于此類題目，一定要堅(jiān)持這樣一個(gè)原則——不急于解答，讀完全文后綜合考慮再做判定?！镜淅?】(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Mylifeasatax－payingemployedpersonbeganinmiddleschool,when,forthreewholedays,Iworkedinabakingfactory.MybestfriendBetsy’sfatherwasamanageratHoughBakeries,which,atEastertime,41.madelittlebunny(兔子)cakesforallits42.storesthroughoutCleveland.Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfor__43__helpduringourspringbreak，forwhichIhadno44.plansbeyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.43．A.generous B．financialC．technical D．temporaryeq\a\vs4\al\co1(\a\vs4\al(因不能正確區(qū)分形/義近詞（組）而,錯(cuò)選))完形填空題選項(xiàng)中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些形近詞(組)或義近詞(組)讓考生辨析，因?yàn)樾问较嘟蛞饬x相近，無(wú)形中增加了難度，如果考生掌握得不好或不著眼于語(yǔ)篇的意義便很容易選錯(cuò)?！镜淅?】(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)“Ihave55.maturedandIadmitresponsibilityformy56.actions，”hesaidintheletter.“Ietoyou,__57__，toapologizeforthedamageIhad58.indirectlycausedandtoaskyouto59.reconsidermylifetimebanfromthehotel.”57．A.handsinpockets B．noseintheairC．hatinhand D．feetonthegroundeq\a\vs4\al\co1(因詞匯理解障礙而錯(cuò)選)在完形填空題的設(shè)題上，命題者往往還將一些考生平常容易忽視的詞匯設(shè)置成選項(xiàng)，從而造成考生錯(cuò)選。對(duì)于這些詞匯，考生在平時(shí)必須高度重視，背熟記熟。【典例3】(2021·天津3月卷)“It’sareallygreat33.experienceforkids，”saidaneighborinaninterviewwiththelocalnewspaper.“Pruittiscertainlyprovidinga34.service,__butit’snotjustthebikes.It’stherelationshipsinthemunity.It’sthe__35__hecanmakeonpeople.”35．Apromise B．impressionC．impact D．progresseq\a\vs4\al\co1(因不明一詞多義或熟詞生義而錯(cuò)選)在最近幾年的高考完形填空中，對(duì)于一詞多義或熟詞生義的考查屢見(jiàn)不鮮，這往往也是考生容易忽視的地方。很多考生由于不懂這些熟詞的“新義”而出現(xiàn)思維堵塞，造成了不應(yīng)有的失分。下面我們選取具有代表性的試題加以分析，以幫助考生熟悉其命題特點(diǎn)，從而跳出命題人設(shè)置的詞匯“陷阱”。【典例4】(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Our__48__inthefactoryweresimple:Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.49．Removebunnyfromthebelt.48．A.joys B．ideasC．roles D．choices【典例5】(浙江6月卷)OnedayI46.metaformerclassmateofminewhowas47.makingalotofmoneyrunningasideline(副業(yè))．Sincehisregularjobwas48.boring,__Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn’tdohissidelinefull－time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould__49__havetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackin50.college．Hesaidthatifhe51.quitthejob,hewouldlosehis52.drivetoworkandsucceed.49．A.luckily B．hardlyC．hopefully D．simplyeq\a\vs4\al\co1(因慣性思維而錯(cuò)選)在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，由于種種原因，如考生的母語(yǔ)、知識(shí)面、思維習(xí)慣等都有可能令考生產(chǎn)生一些思維定式，即不善于思考，考慮問(wèn)題不全面，導(dǎo)致誤解一些題目，從而抑制思維能力的發(fā)展。完形填空解題中因慣性思維而失分常有以下兩種情況：(1)學(xué)習(xí)單詞時(shí)受到的思維定式影響有些考生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)單詞過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單化，只記憶中文意思，而不深刻理解實(shí)際用法和英漢用法之間的細(xì)微差異。例如：表示“成功做某事”，不可以用succeedtodosth來(lái)表達(dá)。(2)學(xué)習(xí)詞組或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)時(shí)受到的思維定式影響例如：學(xué)習(xí)了waitfor這個(gè)詞組以后，有的考生在做題過(guò)程中只要碰到wait，后面要接介詞時(shí)就毫不猶豫地選擇for。但在“Hestoppedhiscartowaitattheredlight.”中就不用for?！镜淅?】(2021·天津3月卷)ForPruitt,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthingtodowas__19__hisstolenbike.Butwhenhewentbikeshopping,hefoundfewavailable,whichgothimthinking：Whatifthe20.lackofbikeswasCOVID－19related,andwhatifthepersonwho’dtakenhisbikereallyneeded21.transportationtogettowork?19．A.ride B．lockC．repair D．replace（2024上·甘肅·高三統(tǒng)考期末）IfoundawonderfulpictureofMaolankarstconesonlineandpresentedittotheinnkeeper.“Youcan’tgothere,”theinnkeeper1me.“Theviewingplatformhasbeencloseddueto2thattoomanyvisitorscouldcausegeologicaldamage.”Despiteourdisappointment,we3analternative:asevenhourhikethroughthe“funnelforest”.Initially,wewere4toruntherisk.However,Ihad5thetourismmottointhenaturereserve:“Ifyoudon’tdoitnow,youwon’tdoitinyourlifetime.”Threeofourgroup6decidedtoventureintotheforest.Theinnkeeperrespondedwithaknowing7:“Great.BearGryllswentthere.”Thenextmorning,wesetoffwithalocal8.Raincameandwentthreetimes,andbeforeIactually9toclimboverthefirstmountain,Ihadalreadygotwettotheskin.Iwasawalking10ofmudandwater.Ourguide,inhis50s,behavedlikeabotanist,introducingthelocallyspecificplantstous,butIwashardlyinthe11.Everystepsankintothemuddy,suckingground.Everylogorrockinfrontofuswasaphysical12.“Onecanneverreachthoseplaceswithoutstrongwillpower,”Imurmured,recitingthatmillenniumold13,overandoveragain.Sinkholesandentrancestoundergroundriverskeptpoppingupalongour14.Thinkingofthemleadingtoanunknownworld,Ibeganto15theroadthatIcancontrolevenmore.Wanderinginagreenchaoswithoutanyobviouslandmarksisalsobreathtaking.1．A．a(chǎn)nswered B．told C．followed D．favored2．A．news B．matters C．concerns D．conclusions3．A．workedout B．tookin C．setdown D．ruledout4．A．unwilling B．surprised C．calm D．inspired5．A．forgotten B．promoted C．interpreted D．noticed6．A．shortly B．lately C．eventually D．suddenly7．A．taste B．tone C．smile D．sigh8．A．botanist B．keeper C．farmer D．guide9．A．managed B．decided C．planned D．a(chǎn)greed10．A．visitor B．mixture C．log D．stranger11．A．eagerness B．mood C．humor D．pity12．A．contact B．energy C．a(chǎn)ctivity D．challenge13．A．prediction B．line C．deal D．secret14．A．route B．landmark C．platform D．rock15．A．guarantee B．ignore C．doubt D．a(chǎn)ppreciate（2023上·河北保定·高三保定市第三中學(xué)校聯(lián)考期末）“Hi!MsBrooks!”ItwasSundaymorning,mydaughterandIwerevisitingamodelhomewhenIhearda(n)16voice.Standingintheyardwasaboy.“Evans!Whatareyoudoinghere?”Icried,feelingsurprisedandalittleannoyed.“I’mhelpingmyfathergrowflowers,”heanswered17.Lookingathishappyappearance,Istoodthere,18.Thenmydaughterpulledmeaway,butEvansstayedonmymindfortherestoftheweekend.Evanswasa19.Hewasveryfondofplantsandanimals.20hestruggledwithhisreading,heneveronceplained.Evans’sgradesshowednosignof21despitehisdetermination.SoIsometimes22whetherhewouldbeabletopasstheexams.ItwasnotuntilwestudiedthelifecycleofplantstogetherthatIchangedmy23.Evansbehavedattentively.Ihadneverseenhimso24intheclassroom.Inaclassproject,I25atasktoeachstudent.Thatwasplantingasunflowerseedinonecontainer.Sowingtheseedswas26formanyofthestudents,butthegrowingpartwasmuchlessso.ExceptEvans,theyalllostinterestandforgotto27theirsunflowerstobe.Everyafternoon,he28theplantsinhiscontainer.Sometimelater,fewseedssuccessfullyfullysprouted(發(fā)芽)becauseoftoodrysoil,butthe29inhiscontainerwereaboutfourinchestall.Atthatmoment,Isawthatspecialseedplantedinsidehim.Andoneday,hewould30justashissunflower.16．A．impolite B．uncivilized C．familiar D．female17．A．mournfully B．a(chǎn)wkwardly C．vaguely D．proudly18．A．warmhearted B．openmouthed C．easygoing D．hardworking19．A．gardener B．volunteer C．pioneer D．racer20．A．Incase B．Eventhough C．Forfearthat D．Aslongas21．A．improvement B．confusion C．judgment D．intention22．A．inquired B．proposed C．decided D．doubted23．A．determination B．lifestyle C．hobby D．tune24．A．tired B．devoted C．casual D．independent25．A．a(chǎn)dvised B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．a(chǎn)ssigned D．a(chǎn)sked26．A．strange B．difficult C．important D．exciting27．A．packup B．carefor C．moveaway D．showoff28．A．irrigated B．cleaned C．filled D．polished29．A．fruits B．flowers C．shoots D．roots30．A．a(chǎn)ppear B．fade C．shine D．a(chǎn)djust（2023上·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·高三校聯(lián)考期末）For35years,FloydMartinhasdeliveredthemailtoresidentsinMarietta,Georgia.Onthedayofhis31,theentiremunity32tohonorthis33mailman.MartinbecameapostalworkerwiththeUnitedStatesPostalServiceshortlyafterhegraduatedfromhighschoolandmademanyfriendsovertheyears.AlittlegirlnamedMae34thestoryofhowshedressedlikeMartinforCareerDayatschool.“Iwassohonored,”themailmansaid.“It35myheart.”Maeisoneofthemanykidsinthe36thatlovetoseethemailman.That’sbecauseMartinoftengiveskidscandies.Andit’snotjustthechildrenwhoget37.Healsogivessnackstocatsanddogsheesacross,too.38thepackageshedeliversandthetreatshegives,Martinprovidestheneighbor