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專題09七選五之說(shuō)明文

序號(hào)內(nèi)容

Part1題型總覽題型綜述技巧點(diǎn)撥

Part2真題感悟真題詳解強(qiáng)重難詞析長(zhǎng)難句..

Part3專題強(qiáng)化真題自測(cè)新題模擬

Part1題型總覽

【題型綜述】

七選五篇章的單詞總數(shù)約300,主文詞數(shù)約240,七個(gè)選項(xiàng)詞數(shù)約60;七個(gè)選項(xiàng)大多以

句子的形式出現(xiàn),內(nèi)容都與篇章有關(guān),一般為標(biāo)題概括句、段落主題句、過(guò)渡句和細(xì)節(jié)句。

文章的體裁主要是說(shuō)明文和議論文,結(jié)構(gòu)明顯,線索清晰。內(nèi)容是學(xué)生較熟悉的學(xué)習(xí)或生活

話題,難度適中。傾向于考查文章篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)境銜接、邏輯關(guān)系判斷、段落大意歸納、關(guān)

鍵信息詞和關(guān)聯(lián)詞的鎖定與銜接能力。

七選五的說(shuō)明文主要是釋意性結(jié)果,解釋某一理論、學(xué)科、事物,主要用比喻、類比闡

述;分析事物的成因,有客觀的、主觀的,也有直接的、間接的。

【技巧點(diǎn)撥】

1.略讀文章大意

以最快的速度跳躍式地瀏覽文章的大小標(biāo)題、首段、每段的首句,以及表示

句、段關(guān)系的連接性詞語(yǔ)(特別是however,but后的內(nèi)容)等重要部分,以了解文

章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容大意。事實(shí)上,一般只需花5?10秒閱讀大小標(biāo)題和第一段

首尾句即可。

2.閱讀上下句

因?yàn)檎_選項(xiàng)必定會(huì)與上下句之間語(yǔ)義銜接、邏輯通順,解題時(shí)大多只看上

句,或只看下句,就可基本確定答案。

3.關(guān)注文中結(jié)構(gòu)

在解題過(guò)程中,除了每做一道有把握的題后就在7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中將其畫(huà)掉縮小范圍外,也

可通過(guò)觀察語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)將選擇范圍大大縮小。①標(biāo)題結(jié)構(gòu),如果考查段落標(biāo)題,先看看其他

標(biāo)題的語(yǔ)言形式,同一文章中的幾個(gè)段落小標(biāo)題基本上是同一語(yǔ)言形式。如果其他標(biāo)題是名

詞短語(yǔ),該題答案也是名詞短語(yǔ);如果其他標(biāo)題是祈使句,該題的答案也是祈使句;②句

子結(jié)構(gòu)如果正確選項(xiàng)只是某個(gè)句子的一個(gè)部分,就要看看空后這個(gè)部分是不是句子,如果

是句子,看看是否有連詞,如果沒(méi)有連詞,要選的正確選項(xiàng)就應(yīng)是短語(yǔ)或是帶有連詞的從句。

Part2真題感悟

Passage1

【真題詳解】

【2020?全國(guó)新課標(biāo)I】

AFewTipsforSelf-Acceptance

Weallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofarout

ofreach.36.Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

?37.Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollow

them?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthan

theirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.

?Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofour

shortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.38.Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.

Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfa

compassionate(有同情心)response?”Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.'*

?Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbrainto

lookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhavea

job,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39.

?Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.

Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewords

backtoyourself.40.Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.

Seehowawesomeyouare?

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.

E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

GWhendoesthecomparisongamestart?

【答案】36.B37.F38.D39.C40.A

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)自我接納的小技巧。

36.根據(jù)題目AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance及下文的Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyou

intherightdirection4這有很多可以幫你找到正確方向的方法。)可知,選項(xiàng)B.Wheredoyou

start?(從哪里開(kāi)始那?)最合下文語(yǔ)境,故選B項(xiàng)。

37.根據(jù)下文Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetter

thantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最終

你會(huì)因?yàn)樽约旱纳畋人麄兊暮枚械接辛α??要知道,你的生活是你自己的;你在這個(gè)世

界上是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。)可知,本段主要講述不要把自己和別人作比較,因?yàn)樯钍俏覀冏约?/p>

的,我們也是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和別

人進(jìn)行比較。)可以作為本段中心句,故選F項(xiàng)。

38.根據(jù)本文的中心句Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(原諒自己所犯的錯(cuò)

誤。)及下文的Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.(你會(huì)一次又一次地犯錯(cuò)誤。)可知,

選項(xiàng)D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.(記住,你只是個(gè)人。)與上下文銜接最好,故選D項(xiàng)。

39.根據(jù)上文Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyour

degree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作,拿到了學(xué)位,今

天就起床了。)可知,選項(xiàng)C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.(沒(méi)有什么事是太小而不值得慶

祝。)與上文銜接最好,故選C項(xiàng)。

40.結(jié)合上文Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,read

thesewordsbacktoyourself.(用語(yǔ)言來(lái)解釋為什么你覺(jué)得自己不值得,為什么你覺(jué)得自己不夠

好?,F(xiàn)在,自己讀一下這些話。)和下文的Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengths

andachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日記本上記下你的有點(diǎn)和成就的那頁(yè)。

看到你有多棒了嗎?)可知,選項(xiàng)A.Feelingupsetagain?(再次感覺(jué)心煩意亂了嗎?)最合上下

文語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。

【強(qiáng)重難詞】

1.imperfectionsn.不完美;不合格;缺陷

2.accomplishmentsandachievements成就

3.outofreach夠不著:達(dá)不到

4.ahandfulof一把;少量的;一小部分

5.feelnot-good-enough感覺(jué)不夠好

6.feelunworthy自愧不如

【析長(zhǎng)難句】

1.Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthan

theirs?

【解析】本句中的thateventuallyyouwillfeelempowered是賓語(yǔ)從句,becauseyourlifeis

betterthantheirs是原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

【譯文】你是否希望最終你會(huì)感到強(qiáng)大,因?yàn)槟愕纳畋人麄兊母?。

【仿寫(xiě)】

2.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucoaldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfa

compassionate(有同情心)response?

【解析】Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter在句中作狀語(yǔ);how

youcouldhavedonebetter為賓語(yǔ)從句;,whynot+動(dòng)詞原形是提建議的一種表達(dá)方式。。

【譯文】與其糾結(jié)自己如何可以做得更好,那為什么不給自己一個(gè)具有同情心的回應(yīng)呢?。

【仿寫(xiě)】

Passage2

【真題詳解】

【2020?全國(guó)新課標(biāo)II]

Emoji(表情符號(hào))andWorkplaceCommunication

InAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsofmillions,

bothatworkandplay.36..It'sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewestern

countriesareusingemojisatwork.

Writtencommunicationscanoftenreadascoldanddull.Usingemojiscanaddhumorand

feeling,keepingintentionclear.37.,encouragingbetterandmorefrequentcommunication.

Inanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,andfindingcommon

groundincommunicationstylecanbeachallenge.38..Whiletheyoungergenerationspreferto

communicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeellikea

learningcurve(曲線).Thegoodnewsisthatit'ssimpletolearnandcanbeworththeeffort.

Thereisalsothematteroftone(語(yǔ)氣).Whohasn'treceivedanemailsoannoyingthatit

ruinedanentireday?39..Emojicanhelpcommunicationfeelfriendlier,andevenaseriousnote

canbesoftenedwithanencouragingsmile.

40.,andemojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome.Andwhenyouremployees

beginaddingsmilingemojistotheirbusinesscommunication,you'llknowyouhavesucceededin

improvingyourworkculture.

A.Messagewithemojisfeelmoreconversational

B.Evenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendly

C.Sendingsmilingfacestocolleaguesmayseemstrange

D.Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadingglobally

E.Givingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestly

F.Studiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplace

G.Aneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatform

【答案】36.D37.A38.G39.B40.F

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了表情符號(hào)以及在工作交流所帶來(lái)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

36.根據(jù)前句“InAsia,messagingplatformsaregrowingrapidly,withusersinthehundredsof

millions,bothatworkandplay.(在亞洲,即時(shí)通訊平臺(tái)正在迅速發(fā)展,無(wú)論是工作還是娛樂(lè),

都有數(shù)億用戶)“和后句"It'sbeenreportedthat76percentofemployeesinsomewestern

countriesareusingemojisatwork.(據(jù)報(bào)道,在一些西方國(guó)家,76%的員工在工作中使用表情

符號(hào))“可知,前后句都說(shuō)明了即時(shí)通訊平臺(tái)受歡迎程度。所以選擇項(xiàng)D.Thepopularityofthese

platformsisspreadingglobally.(這些平臺(tái)的受歡迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合題意。故選D。

37.根據(jù)前句“Usingemojiscanaddhumorandfeeling,keepingintentionclear.(使用表情符號(hào)可

以增加幽默和感情,保持明確的意圖)”和后半句"encouragingbetterandmorefrequent

communication.(鼓勵(lì)更好更頻繁的交流戶可知,這里陳述使用表情符號(hào)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。所以選擇項(xiàng)

A.MessageswithEmojisfeelmoreconversational.(使用表情符號(hào)的信息讓人感覺(jué)更健談)符合

題意。故選A。

38.根據(jù)前句“Inanygivenoffice,employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond,and

findingcommongroundincommunicationcanbeachallenge.(在任何一間辦公室,員工的年齡

從22歲到70歲甚至更大,在交流中找到共同點(diǎn)可能是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn))”中關(guān)鍵詞句“employees

canrangefromage22to70andbeyondJ與選擇項(xiàng)中“allworkgenerations”是一致的。故選Go

39.根據(jù)前句"Whohasn'treceivedanemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday?(誰(shuí)沒(méi)有收

到過(guò)毀掉了一整天的郵件呢?廠和后文介紹表情的優(yōu)點(diǎn),可知,這里陳述電子郵件的缺點(diǎn)。

所以選擇項(xiàng)B.Evenaformalemailcanseemcoldandunfriendly.(即使是一封正式的電子郵件

也會(huì)顯得冷淡和不友好)故選Bo

40.根據(jù)后句“andEmojicancontributedirectlytothatpositiveoutcome.(并且表情符號(hào)可以直

接促成這種積極的結(jié)果)“可知,這里陳述表情符號(hào)能給工作場(chǎng)所帶來(lái)的好處。所以選擇項(xiàng)F

Studiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkplace.(研究表明,更友好的溝

通會(huì)帶來(lái)更快樂(lè)的工作場(chǎng)所)故選Fo

【強(qiáng)重難詞】

1.visuallyadv.形象化地;外表上;看得見(jiàn)地

2.annoyingadj.討厭的;惱人的

3.Emojin.表情符號(hào)

4.tonen.語(yǔ)氣

5.rangefrom從...到…變動(dòng);從...到??.范圍

6.besoftenedwith被軟化

【析長(zhǎng)難句】

1.OurtouralsoincludesachancetowalkinthefootstepsofVanGoghandGauguin.

【解析】句中的includes是謂語(yǔ),achancetodo…是有機(jī)會(huì)做某事的意思。

【譯文】我們的旅行還包括一個(gè)追尋VanGoghandGauguin足跡的機(jī)會(huì)。

【仿寫(xiě)】

2.Andwhenyouremployeesbeginaddingsmilingemojistotheirbusinesscommunication,

you'llknowyouhavesucceededinimprovingyourworkculture.

【解析】這是一^主從復(fù)合句,本句中的when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;youhavesucceeded

inimprovingyourworkculture是省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句;succeededindoing是成功做某事。

【譯文】當(dāng)你的員工開(kāi)始在他們的商務(wù)交流中添加微笑表情時(shí),你就會(huì)知道你已經(jīng)成功地改

善了你的工作文化。

【仿寫(xiě)】

Part3專題強(qiáng)仇

Passage1【真題自測(cè)】

【2020?全國(guó)新高考II山東卷】

閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16Doyouwanttobea

goodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.

Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,

whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”

17Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.

Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocares

aboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People'sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,most

peopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker'smessage,So,don'tstopspeakingwhenyou

makeamistakeunlessit'satrulyseriousone.18

Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,

thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistent

basis.

20It'sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.^^Ontheother

hand,youprobablycan'tcountthetimesthatyou*vethought,4i'mgladthattalkisover.Itseemed

togoonforever!Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorter

thananticipated.It'sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheir

seatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.

A.Dotheopposite.

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.

C.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.

GHowever,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.

【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.B20.D

【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了成為好的演講者需要掌握的一些原則。

16.G本文主題是介紹成為好的演講者要掌握的一些原則。上句提到有些人生來(lái)就有演講的

天賦。G項(xiàng):然而,大多數(shù)人之所以能成為有影響的演講者,是因?yàn)樗麄兪苓^(guò)訓(xùn)練。與上句

轉(zhuǎn)折,引出本文主題——演講者要訓(xùn)練。故選G。

17.A下句Focusonthespeaking.是本段主題,建議演講者把注意力集中在演講上。上句提到

一種常見(jiàn)現(xiàn)象,當(dāng)站起來(lái)發(fā)表演講時(shí),演講者往往會(huì)把注意力放在“公眾”上,而不是“演講”

上。這是錯(cuò)誤的做法,A項(xiàng)Dotheopposite.說(shuō)明了上句做法的錯(cuò)誤,引出了下句正確的做法。

承上啟下,故選A。

18.C本段提到即使成功的演講者也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤,觀眾不會(huì)太在意你的錯(cuò)誤。上句建議當(dāng)出錯(cuò)

時(shí)不要停止演講,除非是非常嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng):你不需要為一個(gè)小失誤道歉。與上句承接,

是對(duì)待演講出錯(cuò)的方法。故選C。

19.B本段是說(shuō)明練習(xí)的重要性。上句提到你的目標(biāo)不是成為一個(gè)完美的演說(shuō)家,下句應(yīng)該

說(shuō)明目標(biāo)是什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.與上句銜接,是我們演講的真

正目的。故選B。

20.D下文提到觀眾并不是認(rèn)為演講越長(zhǎng)越好,根據(jù)Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjusta

bitshorterthananticipated.可知作者建議讓演講比預(yù)期的短一點(diǎn),給觀眾更多的期待勝過(guò)讓

他們坐立不安地等待演講結(jié)束。D項(xiàng):公開(kāi)演講時(shí),通常少就是多。說(shuō)明了演講時(shí)多和少的

辯證關(guān)系。故選D。

Passage2【真題自測(cè)】

【2020?全國(guó)新課標(biāo)III]

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanew

apartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparity.

Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.36

Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.

37Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocal

orstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslike

knivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn'taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftis

somethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.

38Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.

Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessof

thepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,because

ahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybe

askedtohelpunpackboxes.39

Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewould

actuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.4()Nowmosthomeshavecentralheating

anddon'tusefirestokeepwarm.

A.Thisisn'tusualthough.

B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.

C.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.

D.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.

E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.

F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.

G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.

【答案】36.E37.B38.C39.A40.G

【文章大意】本文是說(shuō)明文,介紹了喬遷聚會(huì)的目的,禮物的選取,活動(dòng)安排和名

稱的由來(lái)。

36.上句Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersonon

thenewhome.(這個(gè)聚會(huì)是朋友和家人祝賀新家的機(jī)會(huì))。介紹慶祝喬遷之喜的聚會(huì)

是親戚朋友祝賀搬新家的人的一次機(jī)會(huì),下句Anditisagoodtimetofillthene

wspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.(現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候用愛(ài)和希望的禮物來(lái)填補(bǔ)新

家了)。介紹這也是給新家裝滿愛(ài)和希望禮物的好時(shí)機(jī)。E項(xiàng):它也給了人們一次看

看新家什么樣的機(jī)會(huì)。與上下句并列,都是慶祝喬遷之喜聚會(huì)的目的,故選E。

37.下文Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchento

olslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.和likeapieceofartoraplant.歹U舉了參

加聚會(huì)所帶禮物的清單,可以是廚房工具、窗簾、藝術(shù)品或綠植。這些都和參加聚

會(huì)帶禮物有關(guān),B項(xiàng):帶禮物去參加喬遷派對(duì)是一種傳統(tǒng),概括了本段內(nèi)容,引出

下文,故選B。

38.本段介紹了聚會(huì)的活動(dòng)安排,根據(jù)后文Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahous

ewarmingthereisn'talotoffoodserved.(這一點(diǎn)通常是值得贊賞的,因?yàn)樵趩踢w

派對(duì)上不會(huì)提供很多食物)。指出因?yàn)樾掳峒?,所以主人不?huì)準(zhǔn)備太豐盛的食物或太

多的活動(dòng)。那么本句是在建議你可以帶上自己的食物或飲料與其他客人分享搬家,

所以主人不會(huì)準(zhǔn)備太豐盛的食物或太多的活動(dòng)。C項(xiàng):你也可以帶上食物或飲料與

其他客人分享。故選C。

39.本段提到在喬遷聚會(huì)上人們會(huì)聚餐,主人帶領(lǐng)客人參觀新家。上句提到,由于喬

遷聚會(huì)是在搬進(jìn)新家后不久舉行的,人們可能會(huì)被要求幫助打開(kāi)箱子。根據(jù)常識(shí)可

知在喬遷聚會(huì)上讓客人們幫忙干活是不常見(jiàn)的,A項(xiàng):但這并不常見(jiàn)。表達(dá)了此意,

與上文銜接,故選A。

40.上句介紹了喬遷聚會(huì)名稱的由來(lái),根據(jù)bringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.可知

人們會(huì)帶柴火作為禮物,那么本空承接上文說(shuō)明了帶柴火的目的和作用。G項(xiàng):這

樣人們就可以在冬天的時(shí)候保持家里溫暖。符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

Passage3【新題模擬】

(2021?江蘇連云港市?高三月考)Whydopeopletake4tselfies(自拍)?”

ResearchersatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorktriedtoanswerthatquestion.1.People

whopostselfiesanduseeditingsoftwaretomakethemselveslookbettershowbehaviorconnected

toadmiringthemselvestoomuch,theSyracuseresearcherssaid.2.Associalmediacanbe

shallow,itisagoodplaceforpeopleto“worktowardssatisfyingtheirownovermuchpride.”

3.Peoplewhopostgroupselfiesshowaneedforpopularityandaneedtobelongtoagroup,

theSyracuseUniversityresearchfound.

Otherfindingsfromthestudyinclude:Therearenomajordifferencesonhowoftenmenand

womenpostselfiesandhowoftentheyuseeditingsoftware.4.

TheNewhouseSchooPsAssociateProfessorMakanaChockworkedonthestudy.Shesaid,

postingselfiesonsocialmediaisnotallthatdifferentfromwhatpeoplehavedoneformanyyears.

Ontrips,ourparentsandgrandparentsusedcamerastotakephotos.Beforesocialmedia,people

wouldbringbackphotostoshowfriendsandfamily.Youhadnochoicebuttolookatthem.Ifyou

areaniceperson,youcommentedabouthowniceeveryoneinthephotoslooked,especially

childrenandthepersonshowingthephotos.5.

Onsocialmedia,itisadifferentexperience.Peoplecandecidenottolookatphotosoftheir

friendsandfamilyeveniftheyclick“l(fā)ike"oreven"love"undertheFacebookselfie.

A.Thatwastheoldwayoft6clicking^^like.

B.Theycameupwithsomesurprisinganswers.

C.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.

D.Suchpeoplethinkveryhighlyofthemselves,especiallyhowtheylook.

E.Bothcamerasandphonesareusefultoolstorecordpeople'sexperiences.

F.Thereareotherreasons,besidesadmiringthemselves,whypeoplepostselfies.

G.Butmendesiretobeseenaspopularmorethanwomenwhenpostingselfies.

【答案】

1.B2.D3.F4.G5.A

【分析】

本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了一些研究,關(guān)于人們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)迷戀自拍并且把它們放到社交網(wǎng)站上。

1.上文“ResearchersatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorktriedtoanswerthatquestion.(紐約錫

拉丘茲大學(xué)的研究人員試圖回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。)“說(shuō)明下文將會(huì)是研究人員的解釋,下文“People

whopostselfiesanduseeditingsoftwaretomakethemselveslookbettershowbehaviorconnected

toadmiringthemselvestoomuch,theSyracuseresearcherssaid.(錫拉丘茲大學(xué)的研究人員表

示,那些上傳自拍照并使用編輯軟件美化自己的人,表現(xiàn)出的行為與過(guò)于自我欣賞有關(guān)。)“

是研究人員給出的結(jié)果,B項(xiàng)“Theycameupwithsomesurprisinganswers.(他們給出了一些

令人吃驚的答案)'‘承上啟下,故選B。

2.上文說(shuō)到,那些上傳自拍照并使用編輯軟件美化自己的人,表現(xiàn)出的行為與過(guò)于自我欣

賞有關(guān),D項(xiàng)“Suchpeoplethinkveryhighlyofthemselves,especiallyhowtheylook.(這些人對(duì)

他們自己——尤其是外表——評(píng)價(jià)很高。)”與上文意思相銜接,故選D項(xiàng)。

3.下文“Peoplewhopostgroupselfiesshowaneedforpopularityandaneedtobelongtoagroup,

theSyracuseUniversityresearchfound.(錫拉丘茲大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),人們發(fā)布集體自拍表明他

們需要受歡迎和屬于一個(gè)群體。)“說(shuō)明了人們?cè)谏缃痪W(wǎng)站曬自拍的另一個(gè)原因,F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“There

areotherreasons,besidesadmiringthemselves,whypeoplepostselfies.(除了自我欣賞,人們曬

自拍還有其他原因。)“放在本段開(kāi)頭,承接下文,起到過(guò)渡作用,故選F項(xiàng)。

4.上文“Otherfindingsfromthestudyinclude:Therearenomajordifferencesonhowoftenmen

andwomenpostselfiesandhowoftentheyuseeditingsoftware.(該研究的其他發(fā)現(xiàn)包括:男性

和女性發(fā)布自拍的頻率以及他們使用編輯軟件的頻率沒(méi)有太大差別。)”說(shuō)明男性和女性在對(duì)

待自拍上的相同之處,G項(xiàng)“Butmendesiretobeseenaspopularmorethanwomenwhen

postingselfies.(但在發(fā)布自拍時(shí),男性希望比女性更受歡迎。)”講了不同點(diǎn),與上文相銜接,

故選G項(xiàng)。

5.上文“Befbresocialmedia,peoplewouldbringbackphotostoshowfriendsandfamily.Youhad

nochoicebuttolookatthem.Ifyouareaniceperson,youcommentedabouthowniceeveryone

inthephotoslooked,especiallychildrenandthepersonshowingthephotos.(在社交媒體出現(xiàn)之

前,人們會(huì)帶回照片給朋友和家人看。你別無(wú)選擇,只能看著它們。如果你是個(gè)好人,你會(huì)

說(shuō)照片里的每個(gè)人看起來(lái)都很好,尤其是孩子和展示照片的人“講述了以前人們?cè)谒苏?/p>

示照片時(shí)表達(dá)認(rèn)可和夸贊的方式,A項(xiàng)“Thatwastheoldwayof“clicking"like.(這是老式的

點(diǎn)贊方式)”是對(duì)前文的總結(jié),故選A項(xiàng)。

Passaged【新題模擬】

(2021?廣東肇慶市?高二期末)Gettingyourkidtobedatnightisseriouslyoneofthe

mostchallengingthingsyou'lleverhavetodo.Mostkidsarejustsofullofenergythatthey'lltire

yououtbeforethey'rehalfwaythroughtheirstoreofenergy.6.However,it*sreallynotagreatidea.

7.Thekids'parentswereaskedtotrackhowmuchscreentimethekidswereallowedalong

withtheirsleeppatterns.Theyalsohadthekidswearwristwatchesthattrackkids'movementand

surroundinglight.Thishelpedresearcherskeeptrackofhowlongkidsweresleeping.Thestudy

foundthatkidswhodidn'tspendtimeinfrontofscreenbeforebedsleptfor23moreminutes

everyweek.Andtheyalsowenttosleepabout34minutesearlierthanthekidsplaying

iPads.8.qualityofsleepisvastlyimportantforchildren.

Formerstudieshavefoundgoodqualitysleepcaninfluenceachild'slifeinmanyways,

includingaffectinggradesandalsoweightgain.Studentswithan"A^averagesleptfor30ormore

minutespernightthanthosewitha"D"or'T^average.Q.Thosewithconsistentand

age-appropriatebedtimehadahealthierBMI(體重指數(shù))thanthosewithoutaconsistentbedtime.

10.Justlikeit'simportantforadultstogotosleepwithoutanydistractions(使人分心的事),

it'sevenmoreimportantforkids.

A.Whenyou'llhavetoworryaboutwakingthemup.

B.Thoughthatmightnotseemlikesomuchmoretime

C.Hardasitis,it'sreallyimportantnottohandoveraniPadtoachildbeforebed.

D.ResearchersattheArizonaStateUniversityconductedastudywith547kidsaged7to9.

E.Andchildrenwithirregularbedtimehadahigherriskofhavingincreasedbodyweight.

F.AneasythingtodotogetyourchildintobedisgivinginandallowingsomeiPadscreentime.

GGettingtosleepontimeandsleepingenoughhelpcontributetoimprovedperformancein

school.

【答案】

6.F7.D8.B9.E10.C

【分析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了睡前玩電子產(chǎn)品對(duì)孩子的危害。

6.根據(jù)上文“Mostkidsarejustsofullofenergythatthey'lltireyououtbeforetheyYehalfway

throughtheirstoreofenergy”可知,讓孩子睡覺(jué)是件很費(fèi)力的事,于是很多父母就會(huì)讓孩子玩

iPad,選項(xiàng)F.AneasythingtodotogetyourchildintobedisgivinginandallowingsomeiPad

screentime.(哄孩子上床最簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是給孩子一些看iPad的時(shí)間。)符合語(yǔ)境,故選F。

7.根據(jù)下文“Thekids*parentswereaskedtotrack…''和"Thestudyfoundthat…”可知,本段講

述的是一項(xiàng)研究,選項(xiàng)D.ResearchersattheArizonaStateUniversityconductedastudywith547

kidsaged7to9.(亞利桑那州立大學(xué)的研究人員對(duì)547名7到9歲的孩子進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究。)

符合語(yǔ)境,故選D。

8.根據(jù)上文“Andtheyalsowenttosleepabout34minutesearlierthanthekidsplaying

iPads.(他們也比玩ipad的孩子早34分鐘入睡。戶可知,睡前不玩iPads的孩子上床睡覺(jué)的

時(shí)間要早34分鐘,B選項(xiàng)中的that指代這個(gè)時(shí)間,選項(xiàng)B.Thoughthatmightnotseemlikeso

muchmoretime(雖然那看起來(lái)好像沒(méi)有那么多的時(shí)間)為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,與下文“qualityof

sleepisvastlyimportantforchildren(睡眠質(zhì)量對(duì)兒童非常重要)”構(gòu)成完整語(yǔ)境。故選B。

9.分析本段結(jié)構(gòu),第二句"Studentswithan"A”averagesleptfor30ormoreminutespernight

thanthosewitha“D”or"F"average.(平均成績(jī)?yōu)锳的學(xué)生比平均成績(jī)?yōu)镈或F的學(xué)生每晚睡

眠時(shí)間超過(guò)30分鐘。)”是為了證明第一句"Formerstudieshavefoundgoodqualitysleepcan

influenceachild'slifeinmanyways,includingaffectinggradesandalsoweightgain.(止匕前的研

究發(fā)現(xiàn),良好的睡眠會(huì)在很多方面影響孩子的生活,包括影響成績(jī)和體重增加。戶中睡眠對(duì)

成績(jī)的影響,下面應(yīng)該說(shuō)明睡眠對(duì)體重的影響,選項(xiàng)E.Andchildrenwithirregularbedtimehad

ahigherriskofhavingincreasedbodyweight.(而且,睡眠時(shí)間不規(guī)律的兒童體重增加的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

更高。)正是說(shuō)明了不規(guī)律睡眠對(duì)孩子體重方面的危害,故選E。

10.該段為最后一段,是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。根據(jù)下一句"Justlikeit'simportantforadultstogoto

sleepwithoutanydistractions(使人分心的事),it'sevenmoreimportantforkids.(就像成年人睡

覺(jué)時(shí)不受干擾一樣重要,這對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)更重要可知,不要將Ipad交給孩子,選項(xiàng)C.Hard

asitis,it'sreallyimportantnottohandoveraniPadtoachildbeforebed.(盡管很難,但睡前不

要把iPad交給孩子,這一點(diǎn)非常重要。)符合語(yǔ)境,故選C。

Passage5【典題】

(2021?廣西北海市?高二期末)Smilingisagreatwaytomakeyourselfstandoutwhile

helpingyourbodytofunctionbetter.Itisjustonefunwaytolivelonger,readabouttheothersand

tryasmanyasyoucan.11.

1.Smilingmakesusattractive

12.Thereisanattractionfactor.Wewanttoknowasmilingpersonandfigureoutwhatisso

good.Frownsandsorrowsallpushpeopleaway—butasmiledrawsthemin.Whensomeoneis

smilingtheylightenuptheroom,changethemoodsofothers,andmakethingshappier.Smilea

lotandyouwilldrawpeopletoyou.

2.13.

Stresscanreallyshowupinourfaces,whilesmilinghelpstopreventusfromlookingtired,

worndown,andoverwhelmed.Whenyouarestressed,itisofgreatsignificancetotaketimeto

putonasmile,whichcantrickthebodyintohelpingyouchangeyourmood.Thestressshouldbe

reducedandyou'llbebetterabletotakeaction.

3.SmilingLowersYourBloodPressure

Whenyousmile,thereisameasurablereductioninyourbloodpressure.14.Sitforafew

minutes,takeareading.Thensmileforaminuteandtakeanotherreadingwhilestillsmiling.Do

younoticeadifference?

4.SmilingMakesYouSeemSuccessful

Smilingpeopleappearmoreconfident,aremorelikelytobepromoted,andmorelikelytobe

approached.15.

Nexttimeyouarefeelingdown,tryputtingonasmile.There'sagoodchanceyourmoodwill

changeforthebetter.

A.Themusclesweusetosmilelifttheface,makingapersonappearyounger.

B.SmilingRelievesStress

C.Herearesomereasonstokeepsmilinginyourdailylife.

D.Giveitatryifyouhaveabloodpressuremonitorathome.

E.Putonasmileatmeetingsandappointmentsandpeoplewillreacttoyoudifferently.

F.Whenwesmileourbodyissendingtherestofusamessagethat"LifeisGood!"

G.Wearedrawntopeoplewhosmile.

【答案】

11.C12.G13.B14.D15.E

【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。微笑有許多好處:微笑可以讓你脫穎而出,讓你變得更健康、更

能抵抗壓力和讓你更有魅力。微笑讓你活得更加長(zhǎng)久快樂(lè),還有可能晉升職位。既然有那么

多的好處,盡你所能在日常生活中試著去微笑。

11.本題位于段末,本段主要概述微笑有許多好處,如:讓你脫穎而出、更有魅力、讓你更

長(zhǎng)壽等。以及下文的四個(gè)小標(biāo)題可知,本小題是對(duì)下文4個(gè)小標(biāo)題的總結(jié)。由此可知此題是

說(shuō)在日常生活中保持微笑的原因。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)符合題意,故選C。

12.本題位于段首,本段的主題句為“Smilingmakesusattractive.”以及本段中的“asmiledraws

themin.”可知,微笑讓我們有吸引力,我們被微笑的人所吸引。分析選項(xiàng),可知G項(xiàng)(Weare

drawntopeoplewhosmile.)與本段的意義一致,且有詞"draw"的復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G。

13.本小題為一段的小標(biāo)題,分析下面一段的內(nèi)容可知,本段是說(shuō)微笑有助于掩蓋你的疲憊,

讓你的情緒改變,緩解壓力,使你更好地行動(dòng)。分析選項(xiàng)可知,B項(xiàng)SmilingRelievesStress

(微笑緩解壓力)符合題意,故選B。

14.本題屬于段中,本題所在的小標(biāo)題為“微笑能降低你的血壓”,本段舉例坐幾分鐘、看書(shū)、

微笑,最后問(wèn)”注意到區(qū)別了嗎?”可知,想知道區(qū)別就要用血壓計(jì)來(lái)量一下。分析選項(xiàng)可知

D項(xiàng)Giveitatryifyouhaveabloodpressuremonitorathome.(如果你家里有血壓計(jì),試試看)

與此段意義一致,且有詞“bloodpressure”的復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

15.本句的前一句“微笑的人看起來(lái)更自信,更有可能被晉升,也更有可能被接近?!币虼嗽?/p>

約會(huì)時(shí)要微笑,這樣就會(huì)使你看起來(lái)易于接近,開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)微笑更有可能會(huì)被晉升。分析選項(xiàng)可

知,E項(xiàng)Putonasmileatmeetingsandappointmentsandpeoplewillreacttoyoudifferently.(在

會(huì)議和約會(huì)上微笑,人們會(huì)對(duì)你做出不同的反應(yīng)。)符合題意,故選E。

專題10七選五之記敘文/夾敘夾議文

序號(hào)內(nèi)容

Part1題型總覽題型綜述技巧點(diǎn)撥

Part2真題感悟真題詳解強(qiáng)重難詞析長(zhǎng)

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