2023年中考英語閱讀話題訓練 01 環(huán)保與碳中和

備戰(zhàn)2023年中考英語閱讀話題訓練環(huán)保與碳中和

一、閱讀理解

閱讀理解

NowtoomuchCO2makestheEarthwarmerandwarmer,andbringsbadeffecttopeople.Tosaveour

Earth,anewlifestylecalledlow-carbonlifebecomespopular.Lowcarbonmeanslowenergyandnowaste.

Itisnecessaryforeverybodytolearntolivealow-carbonlife.

Tolivealow-carbonlife,we'dbettersaveasmuchenergyaswecan.Forexample,turnoffthelights

andTVwhenyoudon'tusethem,usecoldwatertowashclothesordishes;takeashortshowerandtryto

takeacoldonewhentheweathergetswarm;don'tdothecookingwithelectricity.

Tolivealow-carbonlife,weshouldeatlessmeat.Beingavegetariancanhelpreduce（減少）oneanda

halftonofcarbondioxideayear,butkeepinganimalsforfoodproducesevenmorecarbondioxidethanall

thecarsdointheworld.

Tolivealow-carbonlife,weshouldplantmoretrees.Treesareveryimportantforus.Theycannotonly

produceoxygenfbrustobreatheandkeeptheairclean,butalsotakeintheharmfulgasesfromtheair.To

protecttreesweshouldstoppeoplefromcutingdowntreesandplantasmanytreesaswecan.

Ifwecankeepthemahabitinourdailylife,theearthwillbecomeasaferplanetfbrustoliveon.

1.Whydoeslow-carbonlifebecomepopular?

A.Becauseitcanprotectanimals.B.Becauseitcansavetheearth.

C.Becauseitcanprotecttrees.D.Becauseitcancleanwater.

2.Howmanykindsofwayoflivingalow-carbonlifearetalkedaboutinthepassage?

A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.

3.Whatcanwedotomakecarbondioxidebecomeless?

A.Wecanusecoldwaterinourlife.B.Wecantrytouselesswater.

C.Wecaneattoomuchmeat.D.Wecantakeabath.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"referto?

A.Thewaystoprotecttrees.

B?Thewaystokeepanimalsforfood.

C.Thewaystoliveacomfortablelife.

D.Thewaystolivealow-carbonlife.

閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

"Theworld'soceansareslowlygettingmoreacidic,"sayscientists.TheresearchersfromCalifornia

reportthatthechangeistakingplaceinresponsetohigherlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.

Theloweringofthewaters'PHvalueisnotgreatatthemomentbutcouldcauseaseriousthreatto

currentoceanlifeifitcontinues,theywarn.KenCaldeiraandMichaelWickett,fromtheLawrence

LivermoreNationalLaboratory,reporttheirconcernsinthejournalNature.

Increasinguseofoilfuelsmeansmorecarbondioxideisgoingintotheair,andmostofitwilleventually

beabsorbedbyseawater.Onceinthewater,itreactstoformcarbonicacid.Scientistsbelievethattheoceans

havealreadybecomeslightlymoreacidicoverthelastcentury.

Theseresearchershavetriedtopredictwhatwillhappeninthefuturebycombiningwhatweknow

aboutthehistoryoftheoceanswithcomputermodelsofclimatechange.HThislevelofaciditywillgetmuch

moreextremeinthefutureifwecontinuereleasingCOZintotheatmosphere,"saidDrCaldeira."Andwe

predicttheamountoffutureaciditywillexceed（超過）anythingwehaveseenoverthelastseveralhundred

millionyears,letaloneperhapsafterraredisastrouseventssuchasasteroidimpacts.n

However,itisnotabsolutelyclearwhatthatmeansforoceanlife.Mostorganismslivenearthesurface,

wherethegreatestpHchangewouldbeexpectedtooccur,butdeep-oceanlifeformsmaybemoresensitive

toPHchanges.Coralreefsandotherorganismswhoseshellscontaincalciumcarbonate（小行星）maybe

particularlyaffectedifthewater'saciditylevelskeepgoingup,theteampredict.Theycouldfinditmuch

moredifficulttobuildthesestructuresinwaterwithalowerPH.

Inrecentyearssomepeoplehavesuggestedstoringcarbondioxidefrompowerstationsinthedeep

oceanasawayofdealingwithglobalwarming.ButDr.Caldeirasaidthatsuchastrategyshouldnowbere-

considered.nPreviously,mostexpertshadlookedatoceanabsorptionofcarbondioxideasagoodthing一

becauseinreleasingCO2intotheatmospherewewarmtheplanet,andwhenCO2,isabsorbedbytheocean,

itreducestheamountofgreenhousewarming.n

5.AccordingtoDr.Caldeira,.

A.oceanabsorptionofcarbondioxideisagoodthing

B.moreoilfuelswillbeusedinthenearfuture

C.scientistsmaypredictclimatechangeswithcomputermodels

D.thefuturesituationoftheamountofacidityisextremelyserious

6.Ifthewater'saciditylevelkeepsrising,.

A.oceanlifewhosestructurescontaincalciumcarbonatemaybeaffected

B.thewaters'PHvaluewillbecomehigherandhigher

C.organismslivingnearthesurfacearemoresensitivetopHchanges

D.somedisastrouseventswilloccurmoreoftenthanbefore

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"acidic”probablymean?

A.污染的B.酸的C.復雜的D.溫暖的

8.Howdidresearcherspredictwhatwillhappeninthefuture?

A.TheystudiedmanyreportsinthejournalNature

B.Theytestedthecarbondioxideintheatmosphere

C.Theycombinewhattheyknowaboutthehistoryoftheoceanswithcomputermodelsofclimate

change

D.Theythoughtoceanabsorptionofcarbondioxidewasagoodthing

9.Thepurposeofthispassageisto.

A.showpeoplethefindingsofaresearchteam

B.informpeopleofhowacidtheoceanisnow

C.introduceDr.Caldeiraandhisteam'sresearch

D.warnpeopleofthehigherlevelofCO2

閱讀理解

Morethan1,000schoolsacrosstheUKhavesignedup（報名）toaprojectwiththeaimofhelping

schoolsbecomecarbonneutral（碳平衡的）by2030.Carbonneutralmeanscuttingdowncarbonemissions

（碳排放）tozeroorbalancingthemoutinotherways.Carbonemissionsaregasessuchascarbondioxide

（CO2）thatcomeoutintotheatmosphere,wheretheymakeclimatechangeworse.Thishasalsocausedthe

temperaturerise.

Emissionsarecausedbyallsortsofhumanactivities,suchasburningfossilfuels（coal,oilandgas）to

makeenergy,cuttingdownforestsandsometypesoffarming.Becomingcarbonneutralincludescuttingthe

amountofcarbonemissionsaschoolproducesandbalancingthosethatareleftbytakingsomecarbonoutof

theatmosphere.

Theprojectalsoshowshowsmallchangescanmakeabigdifference.Thesemightincludethinking

carefullyaboutenergyuse,cuttingwaste,growingfoodclosertowhereit'seatenandwalkingorcyclingto

schoolifitispossible.Waysofbalancingoutthecarbonemissionsthataschoolstillmakesincludeplanting

treesandplantsthattakeinCO2astheygrow.

YsgolBroDinefwrSecondarySchoolinWaleshaspromisedtorunentirelyonrenewable(可再生的)

energy(suchaswindandsolarpower)withinthenextthreeyears.AtDownHighSchoolinNorthern

Ireland,thestudentsarelookingaftertheirownbees.Sowhenflowersandcropsproducefood,thathelps.

Otherschoolshaveprojectstocutfoodwastebyweighingitaftereachmealtoknowhowmuchisnotbeing

eaten.Someputthewasteintoasystemthatcanturnthiswasteintousefulthings.Theywillbeputonthe

gardentohelpplantsgrow.

Climatechangeisseenasamajorglobalchallenge.Wecanseeitallaroundus.Sojointogether,find

outwaysyourschoolcanputeffortsto,andtalktoateacheraboutsigningup.

10.Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?

A.Humanactivitiesinfluencetheenvironment.

B.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.

C.MoreUKschoolsshouldbeintroducedtotheworld.

D.Wecoulddealwiththeclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehavior.

11.Howcouldtheschoolsreducecarbonemissions?

A.Bymovingtothecountryside.

B?Bycuttingwasteandplantingtrees.

C.Byprovidingmorespacesforstudents.

D.Byburningcoalinsteadofgastomakeenergy.

12.Whydoestheauthorgiveexamplesoftheschoolsinparagraph4?

A.Topraisetheseschools.

B.Toshowthedifficultiesintheproject.

C.Tocallformoreschoolstotakeaction.

D.Toexplaintheeffortsmadebythegovernment.

13.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoHelpPlantsGrow

B.SchoolsSignUptoHelpthePlanet

C.CarbonEmissionsintheUKSchools

D.OurPlanet,aWonderfulLivingPlace

閱讀理解

Didyouseesnowinyourhometownlastwinter?Didyoufeelitwaswarmerthanbefore?"Therehave

been21warmwintersinChinasince1986,“saidscientists.Theyalsosaidthatinthepast100years,asthe

global（全球的）temperatureswentupby0.74℃,thetemperatureinNorthChinahasgoneupby1.4℃in

only50years.

Chinaneedstotakequickactiontocutcarbondioxideemission（排放）,becauseit'sthemainreasonfor

globalwarming.Weplantocutenereyuseby20%andpollutionemissionby10%inthe11thFive-Year

Plan.

Canyouslowglobalwarming?Sure!Youandyourfamilycantakestepstocuttheamountofcarbon

dioxidethatissentoutintotheair.

Herearesomepiecesofadvicetohelpyousavetheearth.Wearusedclothes.Wearingyourbrother's,

sistefsordad'soldT-shirtsmeansyousavetheenergy.

Rideonthebus.Takingabussavesalotofoileveryyear.

Openthewindow.Don*tusetheairconditioner（空調(diào)）,andletsomefreshairin.

Whenyouhavetouseit,setthetemperaturehigherinsummerandlowerinwintertosaveenergy.

Makesmallchangesinyourdailylife.Don*tusepapercups,bagsandboxes.

It'stimeforallofustodosomethingtosavetheearth.

14.Sincemorethan30yearsago,therehasbeenaccordingtothepassage.

A.moreandmoresnow

B?morecoldwinters

C.therisingofthetemperatureinSouthChina

D.higherandhigherglobaltemperature

15.Themainreasonforglobalwarmingis.

A.theoilB.carbondioxideemission

C.papercups,bagsandboxesD.televisionsandcomputers

16.Theword"energy"inthesecondparagraphmeans"

A.活力B.干勁C.精力D.能源

17.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Usingairconditionersmaybeawasteofenergy.

B?It'sfunnytowearyourdad'soldT-shirts.

C.Takingabuswastesalotofoileveryyear.

D.Usingpaperbagssavesenergyalot.

18.Thepassageismainlyaboutthewaysto.

A.slowdownglobalwarmingB.makeenergy

C.changeourdailylifeD.changetheworldweather

閱讀理解

Governmentsaroundtheworldarepushingforanendtoplasticstraws（吸管）andbags.Moreandmore

businessesarechangingtopaperproducts.Usingpaperisconsideredtobebetterthanplastic.However,itis

harmfultotheenvironment,too.

Firstly,paperbagsandstrawsarcmadefromtrees."Trees,asyouknow,aregoodfortheenvironment.

Theycanslowdownclimatechange.Anincreaseintheuseofpaperbagscancausemoredeforestation（毀

林）.

Secondly,theproductionofpaperthingsrequiresmoreenergyandwater.About10percentmoreenergy

andfourtimesasmuchwaterisusedtoproduceapaperbagthanaplasticone.Youmightsaythatwecan

userecycledpapertosavethatenergyandwater.Thisseemstobeagoodidea.However,ittakesevenmore

energyandwatertogothroughtherecyclingprocess（過程）thantomakeanewpaperbag.Productsmade

fromrecycledpaperarealsooftenshort-lived.

Furthermore,paperproductsareheavierthanplasticones.Thatmeanstheyrequiremorefuelto

transport.Seventrucksareneededtotransporttwomillionpaperbags,whileonlyonetruckisneededto

transportthesamenumberofplasticbags.Theincreasedweightalsoleadstoalargeramountofwasteonce

thebagsarethrownaway.

Paperproductsareactuallyalose-loseforboththeenvironmentandbusinesses.Theyaremore

expensivethanplasticproducts.Apaperstrawcostsabout5to12cents,whileaplasticoneusuallycosts

onlyabout2cents.

Themostenvironment-friendlywayistoavoidsingle-usethingsaltogether.Productslikeglasswater

bottlesandsteelstrawscanbeusedoverandoveragain.Theyaremuchbetterthaneitherpaperproductsor

plasticproducts.Byincreasingtheuseoftheseitems,youcangreatlyreduceyourthrowawaywasteand

trulymakeourearthagreenerplace!

19.Whatdoestheunderlinedword""it"inParagraph1referto?

A.usingplasticstrawsB.usingplasticbags.

C.usingpaperproducts.D.usingsingle-usethings.

20.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftherecycledpaper?

A.Itsavesenergyandwater.

B.Itseemsnottobeagoodidea.

C.Itisbetterthansingle-usepaper.

D.It*seasytomakebyrecyclingprocess.

21.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Tointroducethedisadvantagesofpaperproducts.

B.Tocallonusingproductsinanenvironment-friendlyway.

C.Tocomparepaperproductswithplasticproducts.

D.Toexplainwhypaperproductsarebadfortheenvironment.

22.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)

閱讀理解

0

?a

Whatwillyoudowithahugebagofwastewhenyouseethefourwastebinsinyourcommunity(社區(qū))？

Theyare”Wet”,“Dry”，“Recyclable"and"Harmful/'

Manypeopleknowtheimportanceofwastesorting,buttheyjustdon*tknowwhatfallsintowhichkind.

Thismakesitsee,alittletime-takinganddifficult.

Asapioneercity.Shenzhenisalsotakingstepstoencouragepeopletodowastesorting.Notonlyhas

thegovernmenttriedhardtotellthepublicaboutthedifferentfourkindsofwastethroughpostersandmedia,

butalsoitisgoingtogiveprizestopeopleacrossthecity.Thetotalprizeis62.5millionyuan.Aslongas

theytakepartinwastesorting,everyonehasachancetogetthemoney.Thepurposeistohelppeopleforma

greenideaofthinkingofwastesortingasagoodbehavior.

TakeMeilinNo.1Villageasanexample.Afterseveralmonthsofefforts,mostpeopletherecannow

sortoutkitchenwastebeforethrowingitoutbetween7p.m.and9p.m.eachdayatproperplaces.The

amountofsortedkitchenwastehasincreasedfromseveralhundredkilogramstoabouttwotons.

23.WhichwasteisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.Wetwaste.B.Harmfulwaste.C.Drywaste.D.Plasticwaste.

24.WhatcanwelearnaboutwastesortingaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Manypeopleareagainstit.B.Peopleknowhowtodoit.

C.It'snotimportanttodoso.D.It*snoteasyandtakestime.

25.WhydoesShenzhengiveprizestopeoplefordoingwastesorting?

A.Tomakepeoplerich.B.Tomakepeoplehappy.

C.Tohelpformagreenidea.D.Tohelppeoplelivelonger.

26.Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromthelastparagraphaboutMA11thepeopletherethrowrubbishbetween7

pmand9p.m.eilinNo.1Village?

A.Allthepeopletherecansortoutkitchenwastenow.

B.Ithassetagoodexamplefbrusinwastesorting.

C.Itdidverybadlytomakemorewastethanbefore.

D.Allthepeopletherethrowrubbishbetween7pmand9p.m.

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項。

Wouldyoutryfoodmadeofrubbish?WhenworldleadersgottogetherattheUNfbrameetingon

climate（氣候）change,theyhadaspeciallunch.Thefoodwasmadefromsomethingthatmostofuswould

throwaway.Therewasasaladmadeofvegetablescraps（乘ij菜葉）.Theleadersalsohadhamburgersmadeof

fruitleftoverfromjuicing.

TheUNsaidthisremindedpeopleaboutfoodwasteandthebadinfluenceithasonclimatechange.

"Foodwasteisnotoftennoticedinclimatechange,andthatisshamefulwhensomanypeoplearein

hunger.'1saidagovernmentsecretary.

Mostpeopledon'tevenrealizehowmuchfoodtheythrowawayeveryday.Sometimestheycooktoo

muchortheydon'tuseitintime.Everyyearmorethanone-thirdofallfoodproducedworldwidegoesto

waste,accordingtotheUN.Stopthewaste,andthewholeworldcouldsave$300billionfromwastedfood.

Moreimportantly,itcouldalsodolessharmtotheenvironment.

Thinkaboutabagofcheese（奶酪）.Beforewebuyitatthestore,peoplehavetoraisethecows,deal

withthemilk,anddrivetotheshoptosellthecheese.Ifyouthrowthecheeseaway,youhavewastedenergy,

fuel（燃料）andwater,whichgiveoutgreenhousegasesthataddtoglobalwarming.

TheUNsaidifwestopthrowinggoodfoodaway,wecouldcutdownupto17milliontonsofCO2.

Thegoodofthatwouldbethesameastakingoneineveryfourcarsofftheroad.

27.Whydidthewriterthinkthelunchwasspecial?

A.Becausethevegetablesweremadeintojuice.

B.Becausetheleadershadasaladandhamburgers.

C.Becausefoodwascookedfromsomethingthrownaway.

D.Becausethelunchwaspreparedwithdifferentfreshfruits.

28.Whatdoesfoodwasteinfluenceatlast?

A.Fuel.B.Cars.C.Cows.D.Climate.

29.Whatcanyouinfer（推斷）fromthetext?

A.Evensmallactionscanhelpmakeourworldbetter.

B?Weshouldbuyabagofcheesefromthesupermarket.

C.Mostpeoplehavealreadypaidattentiontofoodwaste.

D.Savingfoodismoreimportantthandrivingcarslessoften.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Cheese—Healthyforpeople

B?Ameeting—TraditionalattheUN

C.Foodwaste-Badfortheenvironment

D.Greenhousegases-DangeroustotheEarth

閱讀下列短文，從題中所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項。

Let'sbemoreearthfriendly!

DearStudents,

Pleasehelpmakeourschoolmoreearthfriendly.Wewanttominimize-reduceasmuchas

possible-theamount（數(shù)量）ofwaterweuse.Wealsowanttorecyclepaper,cansand

bottles.Sopleasetrytofollowthesenewschoolrules:

1)Trytouselesswaterwhenyouarewashingyourhands.

2)Trytowriteonbothsidesofyourpaper,notjustononeside.

3)Placepaper,cansandbottlesinthespeciallylabeled(標簽)recyclingbins.Wealso

hopeyouwillvolunteer-whichisworkingwithoutpay一asoneofourEarth

Friends.Thesearetheprogramsyoucanjoin:

A)ThePlantItprogram

Studentsplantmoretreesaroundtheschoolgrounds.

B)TheBikeItprogram

Studentsridetheirbicyclestoschooleveryday.

C)ThePoolItprogram

Familiesthatliveneareachothercarpool.Goodluckandthankyouforhelpingourschool

becomemoreearthfriendly!

Mrs.Anderson

SchoolPrincipal(校長)

31.Whichisoneofthenewschoolrules?

A.Buyinglesspaper.B.Usinglesswater.

C.Avoidingwashinghands.D.Writingononesideofpaper.

32.Whyneedstudentsputusedpaper,cansandbottlesinspecialbins?

A.Torecyclethem.B.Tosellthem.

C.Tocopythem.D.Toexaminethem.

33.Whatprogramcanstudentswithbicyclesjoin?

A.PlantItprogram.B.BottleItprogram.

C.PoolItprogram.D.BikeItprogram.

34.Whatisthepurposeofthenotice?

A.Tomaketheschoolearthfriendly.

B.Towishstudentsluckandthankthem.

C.Todescribehowtheschoolisearthfriendly.

D.Toshowtheschoolhasvolunteers.

閱讀理解

It*scommonlyknownthatgreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxide(CO?)causesglobalwarming.The

wholeworldhasmadegreateffortstoimprovethesituation.Especially,thetreesplantedinChinaare

playinganimportantrole.

AreportpublishedinNatureshowsthatCO2absorption（吸4攵）intwonewforestareasinChinaismore

thanwethought.ThetwoareasarelocatedinChina'ssouthwesternandnortheasternprovinces.Theymake

upover35percentofChina'scarbonsinks.CarbonsinksarenaturalsystemsthatabsorbandstoreCO2from

theair.Themainnaturalcarbonsinksaretreesandotherplants.

AccordingtoPaulPalmer,theseprovinceshavebeenworkingonrapidforestation（造林）inlargeareas.

Overthepast10to15years,theforestareashavekeptincreasingby400-4,400squarekilometersperyear.

Chinaisoneoftheworld'sbiggestcountriesofhuman-producedCO2,▲.In1978,

Chinabegananational-levelforestationproject.ManytreeshaveplantedintheareasofnorthernChina

toactaswindbreaks.Forexample,aboutonethirdoftheKubuqiDesertinInnerMongoliaisnowcovered

withtrees.In2019,Alipay'sAntForestprogramplanted122milliontreesandwontheUNChampionsofthe

Earthawardforhelping500millionpeoplelivelow-carbonlives.

China*sgoalistoreachcarbonneutralityby2060.CarbonneutralityreferstoremovingasmuchCO2as

oneputsintotheair.IfChina'sgoalisachieved,itwilllowerglobalwarmingbyaround0.2to0.3Calone,

accordingtoClimateActionTracker（CAT）.

35.China'stwonewforestareas.

A.playanimportantroleintree-planting

B.areinthesouthwestandnortheastofChina

C.covermorethanhalfofChina'scarbonsinks

D.mainlyabsorbandstoretreesandotherplants

36.InParagraph3,PaulPalmershowsChina'sachievementinforestationby.

A.usingnumbersB.askingquestions

C.givingexamplesD.comparingfacts

37.WhichofthefollowingcanbeputintheinParagraph4?

A.andithascausedseriousenvironmentalproblems

B.sothegovernmentwilltakestepstostopairpollution

C.thoughmostofChinesepeoplearelivinglow-carbonlives

D.butourcountryhasbeenworkingonreducingitsclimateinfluence

38.Thepassagema