國際音標例子及句子

1.關于語音的幾個概念

1)字母：語言的書寫形式。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u,

2)音標：詞的語音形式。

3)音素：音的最小的單位。英語中有48音素。

4)音節(jié)：由元音和輔音構成的發(fā)音單位。ap”ple,stu”dent,tea”cher,un”der”stand

5)元音：發(fā)音響亮，是樂音；口腔中氣流不收阻礙；是構成音節(jié)的主要音。英語中有20元音。

6)輔音：發(fā)音不響亮，是噪音；口腔中氣流受到阻礙；不是構成音節(jié)的主要音。英語中有28輔音。

7)開音節(jié)：絕對開音節(jié)：a)輔音+元音+輔音+e：namebikehomedue;b)輔音+元音he,go,hi，he,go,hi

8)閉音節(jié)：a)輔音+元音+輔音bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+輔音it

9)重讀音節(jié)：單詞中發(fā)音特別響亮的音節(jié)。國際音標元音1、單元音：前元音

[i:]

[i]

[e]

[?]

中元音

[?]

[?:]

[?]

后元音

[u:]

[u]

[?:]

[?]

[a:]

2、雙元音：開合雙元音

[ei]

[ai]

[?i]

[?u]

[au]

集中雙元音

[i?]

[ε?]

[u?]

輔音1、爆破音：清輔音

[p]

[t]

[k]

濁輔音

[b]

[d]

[g]

2、摩擦音：清輔音

[f]

[s]

[?]

[θ]

[h]

濁輔音

[v]

[z]

[?]

[e]

3、破擦音：清輔音

[t?]

[tr]

[ts]

濁輔音

[d?]

[dr]

[dz]

4、鼻音濁輔音）：[m]

[n]

[?]

5、舌則音（濁輔音）：[l]

[r]

6、半元音（濁輔音）：[w]

[j]字母音標A

a

[ei]

B

b

[bi:]

C

c

[si:]

D

d

[di:]

E

e

[i:]

F

f

[ef]G

g

[d3i:]

H

h

[eit∫]

I

i

[ai]

J

j

[d3ei]

K

k

[kei]

L

l

[el]M

m

[em]

N

n

[en]

O

o

[?u]

P

p

[pi:]

Q

q

[kju:]

R

r

[ɑ:]

S

s

[es]

T

t

[ti:]

U

u

[ju:]

V

v

[vi:]

W

w

[′d?jblju:]

X

x

[eks]

Y

y

[wai]

Z

z

[zi:][zed]

1.元音:

1)

[i:]

字母組合:ee

ea

e

ie

ei

y

舉例：three

tree

green

sheep

meet

beef

seeeat

tea

meat

leave

lead

teacher

speak

clean

please

he

she

me

piece

receive

ceiling

Heat

the

meat

so

we

can

eat.

Blue

sea,

blue

sea,

please

keep

this

key.

A

sheep

eats

some

beef

and

drinks

some

green

tea.

2)

[I]

發(fā)音字母:

i

y

e

ui

u

a

舉例：sitpigbiglittle

manyit

is

little

six

happydictionary

defect

decidedelicious

Achicken

is

in

the

kitchen.

A

big

pig

hit

my

hip

and

it

hurt

a

little

bit.

Six

sick

hicks

nick

six

slick

bricks

with

picks

and

sticks.

3)

[

?

]

發(fā)音字母:

a

舉例：bag

hand

happy

hat

map

mad

bad

blackback

glad

man

Happy

cathas

ablack

hat.

A

red

red

apple,

I

love

red

red

apple.

4)

[e]

字母組合:

ea

e

a

舉例：head

bread

bed

red

elephant

remember

sell

lesson

better

desk

hotel

yeseggMy

pet

and

pen

were

left

on

Terry’s

bed.

The

eggs

he

sells

everyday

are

better

than

everybody

else

sells.5)

[З:]

[?:

]字母組合:

ir

ur

ear

er

or

舉例：girl

shirt

skirt

thirty

third

bird

turn

nurse

turtle

Thursday

learn

earth

term

her

work

worldA

girl,

a

skirt,

a

girl

has

a

skirt.6)

[?]

字母組合

er

or

ar

o

a

舉例：teacher

remember

player

speaker

doctor

actor

author

familiar

collar

dollar

together

tomorrow

today

lesson

around

account

ago

elephant

banana

Panda

in

China

don’t

like

banana.

That

doctor

likes

to

eat

carrots

in

winter.

7)

[a:]

字母組合:

ar

a

舉例：car

farm

card

arm

fast

class

glass

plant

A

car

isin

a

park.Smart

Clark

parked

his

car

in

a

park

where

a

lark

sang

in

the

dark.When

in

Rome,

do

as

the

Romans

do.

36.

[

v

]

字母組合:

v

舉例：

van

voice

seven

eleven

Various

visitors

visited

the

village

.Vivien

sold

her

violin

and

bought

a

van

from

Victor.

37.

[

e

]

字母組合:

th

舉例：

this

that

these

those

I’d

rather

bathe

in

a

southern

sea

than

wear

thick

clothes

as

northerners

do

.

38.

[

z

]

字母組合:

z

s

舉例：

zoo

zero

pizza

these

those

closekeysboysShe

sells

sea

shells

on

the

seashore.

The

seashells

she

sells

are

seashells

she

is

sure.

39.

[

dz

]

字母組合:

ds

舉例：

beds

hands

Edward's

seeds

are

in

that

child's

hands.40.

[

dr

]

字母組合:

dr

舉例：

dry

drink

dress

driver

I

had

a

strange

dream

in

the

train.

Idrank

a

lot

last

night,

and

then

I

dreamed

a

dreadful

dragon.

41.

[

?

]

字母組合:

si(on）

舉例：

measurepleasureleisureusuallytelevisionGeorge

placed

his

broken

televisions

in

the

garage.

In

his

garage

there

have

been

three

broken

televisions.

42.

[

d?

]

字母組合:

g

舉例：

orange

gentle

page

agelargevillageThey

reach

the

largevillage

in

the

end.John

urges

Jane

to

buy

a

digital

watch.

其他輔音:43.

[

m

]

字母組合:

m

舉例：

many

meat

mother

music

TommumI’m

an

amazing

person.

I

make

every

effort

to

achieve

more!A

warm

summer

morning

makes

me

merry.

A

mouse

is

in

the

cat’s

mouth.

44.

[

n

]

字母組合:

n

舉例：

no

not

noodle

new

now

lendI’m

a

confident

person.

If

I

don’t

do

it,

nobody

can!A

friend

in

need

is

a

friend

indeed.

Nina

never

knew

her

new

neighbor

Nero

knew

her.45.

[

l

]

字母組合:

l

舉例：

look

long

left

light

let

latelikelead

Look

at

the

light

on

your

right.

Look

before

you

leap.

Luke

really

likes

lots

of

fried

rice

daily.

Don’t

call

me

a

doll,

I’m

only

a

ball.46.

[

?

]

字母組合:

ng

舉例：long

sing

ring

bringthinkgoingI’m

an

easygoing

person.

I

never

get

angry

at

anything

or

with

anybody!

Your

singing

and

dancing

are

charming.

47.

[

j

]

字母組合:

y

舉例：

year

yellow

you

yes

fewyardmusicYouusually

cleanyouryard.The

yellow

bird

has

yelled

for

many

years

in

the

yard

of

Yale

.48.

[

w

]

字母組合:

w

wh

舉例：

word

winter

window

What

where

when

wellworkWhe