高考英語(yǔ)實(shí)用

開(kāi)放英語(yǔ)3復(fù)習(xí)資料

Writetosb.寫(xiě)信給某人

Enquireabout詢問(wèn)

Hearfromsb.收到某人來(lái)信

Am/is/aredoing正在

Beinterestedin對(duì)…感興趣

Workfor+公司

Behappytodo樂(lè)于

Afullrangeof很多…

Growup長(zhǎng)大成人

Gotouniversity上大學(xué)

Apartfrom除了

Beabletodo能夠…

Supportwith用…支持…

workon致力于

hopetodo希望…

lookfor尋找…

lookforwardtodoing期待…

didn'tuseto過(guò)去不…

usedtodo過(guò)去常?！?/p>

assoonas~1…就

tellsb.(not)todo叫某人(不),,,

asusual象往常一樣

listento聽(tīng)…

burstin闖進(jìn)去

beoverthemoon高興極了

theest形容詞最高級(jí)

心理動(dòng)詞-ing+sth.

心理動(dòng)詞-ed+sb.

Sth.is心理動(dòng)詞-ing

Sb.is心理動(dòng)詞-ed

（interest感興趣，satisfy滿足，surprise驚訝

frighten驚嚇puzzle困惑upset不安worry擔(dān)心）

Geton/alongwellwith和…相處融洽

Takecareof照顧…

Lookafter照顧…

Begoodatdoing擅長(zhǎng)…

Looklike長(zhǎng)得象…

Beshywith和…在一起害羞

Hatedoing不喜歡…

Lovedoing喜歡。。。

Bringsb.up把某人養(yǎng)育成人

Tellsb.Off責(zé)怪某人

Moveto搬（家）至！］…

Goondoing繼續(xù)…

Moveoutof搬出…

Callinon拜訪…

Beatschoolwith是…的同學(xué)

Pokeone?snoseinto...多管…的閑事

Putupwith忍受

Takecareof照顧

Carefor照顧

Wakeup醒來(lái)

Getup起床

Havebreakfast/lunch/supper吃早（中/晚）飯

Wavetosb.向…招手

Sitby/walkby坐在…旁邊/經(jīng)過(guò)…

Beproudof對(duì)?,,感至!J自豪

Onone'sown…獨(dú)自一個(gè)人

Arrangeforsb.Todo安排某人。。。

Keepintouch保持聯(lián)系

Likedoing喜歡…

Callin拜訪；串門(mén)

Decidetodo決定…

Havetodo不得不

Carryondoing繼續(xù)

Wanttodo.想…

Handoverto把，,,移交給…

Dowith處理…

Dealwith處理…

Goonholiday去度假

Prep.(by/without...)+doing

Betooadj.todo太，,?而不能

Allovertheworld全世界

Careabout關(guān)心；在乎

Bychance碰巧

Runover撞倒

Sothat以至于

Beexcitedabout對(duì)…感到激動(dòng)

Giveupdoing放棄

Gooutwith和…約會(huì)

Beas+adj.+as...和???一樣

Getmarried結(jié)婚（儀式）

Bemarried結(jié)婚（狀態(tài)）

Retirefrom退出…

Takepartin參加

Preparefor為…準(zhǔn)備

Betakentohospital被送去醫(yī)院

Thesameas與樣

Suchas比如…

Prefertodo更希望…

Indetails詳細(xì)地

Beawareof意識(shí)到

Bemore+adj.+than比…更…

Beadj.-erthan...比???更???

Wouldliketodo想要…

Assoonaspossible盡可能快地

Becloseto接近；靠近

Sth.needdoing需要被…

Sb.needtodo需要…

Havesth.Done讓人…

Adj.+enough足夠…

Ontheotherhand另一方面

Look+adj.看起來(lái)…

Bedissatisfiedwith對(duì)…不滿意

Besatisfiedwith對(duì)…滿意

Setup成立…

Electsb.as頭銜（前不加任何冠詞）

Betired/sickof厭倦…

Befedupwith厭倦...

Beresponsiblefor對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)任

Bedisappointedwith對(duì)…不滿意

Attheendof在…的末尾

Intheend最后

Agree(not)todo…同意(不)

Complainabout抱怨

Replyto回復(fù)

Sendsb.Todo派某人

Beconcernedabout對(duì)…擔(dān)心

Beappalledby對(duì)…感到震驚

Tidyup收拾整理

Anaverageof平均…

Becauseof….+名詞因?yàn)椤?/p>

Thenumberof后動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

Anumberof后動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

Spend時(shí)間doing花…時(shí)間…

...comparedto與…相比

Rangefrom...to...種類(lèi)從…到…

Moreandmore越來(lái)越

Beseparatedfrom被從…分開(kāi)/分離

Giveup放棄

Helpsb.Todo幫某人…

Inhonorof為了紀(jì)念…

A200-meter-longrace中間名詞無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)

Takeplace舉行；發(fā)生

,doing...逗號(hào)后用動(dòng)詞ing

atthesametime在同時(shí)

benamedafter用，??命名

getreadyfor為…做好準(zhǔn)備

Doing動(dòng)詞ing作主語(yǔ)

Aswellas以及…

Do+動(dòng)詞原形的確…

Thekeytothedoor門(mén)上的鑰匙

Thekeytotheanswer問(wèn)題的答案

Irrespectiveof...不考慮…

Belikelytodo很可能…

Bebetteroffdoing最好…

Putpressureon對(duì)…施加壓力

Inordertodo為了…

Encouragesb.Todo鼓勵(lì)某人…

Is/am/arebeingdone正在被???

Fouroutoffive五個(gè)里有四個(gè)…

Sufferfrom遭受…

Ittakes(sb.)timetodo做…花…

Thisistruefor…是這樣的

Bybus/train/plane乘???

Attheageof在…歲的時(shí)候

Arangeof許多

Atleast至少

Rememberdoing記得做過(guò)

Forgettodo忘記要做…（沒(méi)做）

Borrow...from...從…借…

Lend...to把…借給…

Payback還錢(qián)

Sticktosth.堅(jiān)持…

Struggletodo努力…

Makeendsmeet保持收支平衡

Takesb.On雇傭…

Worryabout擔(dān)心

Takeup從事

Afterall終究

Bebusydoing忙于

Stoptodo停下來(lái)去…

Fromtimetotime不時(shí)地

Trytodo試圖…

Tendtodo往往…

Ratherthan而不是…

Beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于…

Pushforward推動(dòng)

Makewayfor為…讓路

Pointout指出

Inhis70s在他七十幾歲的時(shí)候

Plantodo計(jì)劃…

Befullof裝滿了…

Beheldupin被堵在…里

Watchout當(dāng)心

A15-year-oldboy中間名詞無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)

Sth./sb.Doing...名詞后的動(dòng)詞ing作定語(yǔ)

Haveenoughof...受夠了…

Bedueto...是因?yàn)椤?/p>

Makesure確?！?/p>

including...名詞前用ing

Included名詞后用ed

withsth./sb.Doing...固定結(jié)構(gòu)

beskilledat對(duì)…很熟練

alargenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)許多

aseriesof一系列，一連串

aboveall首先,尤其是

afterall畢竟，究竟

aheadof在...之前

aheadoftime提前

allatonce突然，同時(shí)

allbut幾乎;除了…都

allofasudden突然

allover遍及

alloveragain再一次，重新

allthetime一直，始終

allthesame仍然,照樣的

asregards關(guān)于，至于

anythingbut根本不

asamatteroffact實(shí)際上

apartfrom除…外(有/無(wú))

asarule通常，照例

asaresult(of)因此，由于

asfaras...beconcerned就...而言

asfaras遠(yuǎn)至，到…程度

asfor至于，關(guān)于

asfollows如下

asif好像，仿怫

asgoodas和…幾乎一樣

asusual像平常一樣，照例

asto至于，關(guān)于

allright令人滿意的;可以

aswell同樣，也，還

aswellas除…外（也），即…又

asidefrom除…外（還有）

ataloss茫然，不知所措

atatime一次，每次

atall絲毫（不），一點(diǎn)也不

atallcosts不惜一切代價(jià)

atallevents不管怎樣，無(wú)論如何

atalltimes隨時(shí)，總是

atanyrate無(wú)論如何，至少

atbest充其量，至多

atfirst最初，起先

atfirstsight乍一看，初看起來(lái)

athand在手邊，在附近

atheart內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上

athome在家,在國(guó)內(nèi)

atintervals不時(shí),每隔…

atlarge大多數(shù)，未被捕獲的

atleast至少

atlast終于

atlength最終，終于

atmost至多,不超過(guò)

atnotime從不，決不

byaccident偶然

atonetime曾經(jīng),一度;同時(shí)

atpresent目前，現(xiàn)在

atsb'sdisposal任…處理

atthecostof以...為代價(jià)

atthemercyof任憑…擺布

atthemoment此刻，目前

atthisrate照此速度

attimes有時(shí)，間或

backandforth來(lái)回地，反復(fù)地

backof在...后面

beforelong不久以后

besidepoint離題的，不相干的

beyondquestion毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)

byair通過(guò)航空途徑

byallmeans盡一切辦法，務(wù)必

byandby不久，遲早

bychance偶然，碰巧

byfar最,…得多

byhand用手,用體力

byitself自動(dòng)地，獨(dú)自地

bymeansof用，依靠

bymistake錯(cuò)誤地，無(wú)意地

bynomeans決不,并沒(méi)有

byoneself單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地

byreasonof由于

bytheway順便說(shuō)說(shuō)

byvirtueof借助，由于

bywayof經(jīng)由，通過(guò)…方法

dueto由于，因?yàn)?/p>

eachother互相

evenif/though即使，雖然

everso非常，極其

everynowandthen時(shí)而，偶爾

everyother每隔一個(gè)的

exceptfor除了…夕卜

facetoface面對(duì)面地

farfrom遠(yuǎn)非，遠(yuǎn)離

forever永遠(yuǎn)

forgood永久地

forthebetter好轉(zhuǎn)

forthemoment暫時(shí)，目前

forthepresent暫時(shí)，目前

forthesakeof為了,為了…的利益

forthetimebeing暫時(shí)，眼下

fromtimetotime有時(shí)，不時(shí)

handinhand手拉手，密切關(guān)聯(lián)

headon迎面地，正面的

heartandsoul全心全意地

howabout…怎么樣

inahurry匆忙，急于

incaseof假如，防備

inamoment立亥!J,一會(huì)兒

inasense從某種意義上說(shuō)

inaway在某種程度上

inaword簡(jiǎn)言之，總之

inaccordancewith與…一致，按照

inaddition另外，加之

inadditionto除…之外（還）

inadvance預(yù)先，事先

inall總共，合計(jì)

inanycase無(wú)論如何

inanyevent無(wú)論如何

inbrief簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)

inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)，總管

incommon共用的，共有的

inconsequence(of)因此;由于

indebt欠債，欠情

indetail詳細(xì)地

indifficulty處境困難

ineffect實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上

ingeneral一般來(lái)說(shuō),大體上

infavorof支持，贊成

infrontof面對(duì),在…前

inhalf成兩半

inhand在進(jìn)行中,待辦理

inhonorof為慶祝，為紀(jì)念

initself本質(zhì)上，就其本身而言

inlinewith與…一致

inmemoryof紀(jì)念

innocase決不

innotime立即，馬上

innoway決不

inorder按順序，按次序

inotherwords換句話說(shuō)

inpart部分地

inparticular特別，尤其

inperson親自，本人

inplace在合適的位置

inplaceof代替，取代，交換

inpractice在實(shí)踐中,實(shí)際上

inproportionto與…成比例

inpublic公開(kāi)地，當(dāng)眾

inquantity大量

inquestion正在談?wù)摰?/p>

inregardto關(guān)于，至于

inrelationto關(guān)于，涉及

inreturn作為報(bào)答/回報(bào)/交換

inreturnfor作為對(duì)…報(bào)答

inshort簡(jiǎn)言之，總之

insight被見(jiàn)到;在望

inspiteof盡管

instep齊步，合拍

instepwith與…一致/協(xié)調(diào)

intears流著淚，在哭著

inthecourseof在...期間/過(guò)程中

inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處

intheend最后，終于

intheeventof如果…發(fā)生，萬(wàn)一

inthefaceof即使;在…面前

inthefirstplace首先

inthefuture在未來(lái)

intheleast絲毫，一點(diǎn)

in(the)lightof鑒于，由于

intheway擋道

intheworld究竟，到底

intime及時(shí)

intouch聯(lián)系，接觸

inturn依次,輪流;轉(zhuǎn)而

invain徒勞,白費(fèi)力

insteadof代替,而不是

justnow眼下;剛才

littlebylittle逐漸地

lotsof許多

manya許多

moreorless或多或少，有點(diǎn)

nextdoor隔壁的，在隔壁

nodoubt無(wú)疑地

nolessthan不少于…;不亞于...

nolonger不再

nomore不再

nomorethan至多，同…一樣不

noneotherthan不是別的，正是

onone'sguard警惕，提防

nothingbut只有,只不過(guò)

nowandthen時(shí)而，偶爾

offandon斷斷續(xù)續(xù),間歇地

offduty下班

onalarge/smallscale大/小規(guī)模地

onaccountof由于

on(an/the)average平均，通常

onbehalfof代表

onboard在船(車(chē)/飛機(jī))上

onbusiness因公

onconditionthat如果

onduty上班，值班

onearth究竟，到底

onfire起火著火

onfoot步行，

onguard站崗，值班

onhand在場(chǎng),在手邊

onoccasion(s)有時(shí)，間或

onone'sown獨(dú)立，獨(dú)自

onpurpose故意地

onsale出售，廉價(jià)出售

onschedule按時(shí)間表，準(zhǔn)時(shí)

onsecondthoughts經(jīng)重新考慮

onthecontrary正相反

onthegroundsof根據(jù)，以…為由

on(the)onehand一方面

ontheotherhand另一方面

onthepointof即將...的時(shí)刻

ontheroad在旅途中

ontheside作為兼職/副業(yè)

onthespot在場(chǎng);馬上

onthewhole總的來(lái)說(shuō),大體上

ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)

onceagain再一次

once(and)forall一勞永逸地

onceinawhile偶爾

oncemore再一次

onceuponatime從前

oneanother相互

orelse否則,要不然

orso大約，左右

otherthan非;除了

outof從…中;由于;缺乏

outofbreath喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)

outofcontrol失去控制

outofdate過(guò)時(shí)的

outofdoors在戶外

outoforder出故障的

outofplace不適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

outofpractice久不練習(xí)，荒疏

outofsight看不見(jiàn)，在視野外

outofthequestion毫無(wú)可能的

outoftouch不聯(lián)系，不接觸

overandover(again)一再地，再三地

priorat在…之前

quiteafew相當(dāng)多，不少

ratherthan不是…(而是)

regardlessof不顧，不惜

rightaway立即，馬上

sidebyside肩并肩，一起

sofar迄今為止

soonerorlater遲早，早晚

stepbystep逐步地

suchas例如，諸如

thanksto由于，多虧

thatis(tosay)就是說(shuō)，即

tothepoint切中要害，切題

undercontrol處于控制之下

underthecircumstances這種情況下

uptodate在進(jìn)行中

upto多達(dá);直到;勝任;取決于

whatif切合目前情況的

whatabout怎么樣

withrespectto如果…將怎么樣

withregardto關(guān)于，至于

withoutquestion關(guān)于,至于，

withtheexceptionof除...之外

withoutquestion毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)

wordforword逐字的

1.時(shí)態(tài)

時(shí)態(tài)題解題技巧：

1.在題目中尋找表示時(shí)間的關(guān)鍵詞

一般過(guò)去：ago,last,yesterday,theotherday具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間

點(diǎn)

一般現(xiàn)在：客觀規(guī)律，usually,always,often,sometimes,

evei?y...,火車(chē)、汽車(chē)、飛機(jī)、商店、工程、電影院、劇場(chǎng)的時(shí)刻

表的敘述。

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行：now,atthemoment

現(xiàn)在完成：never,ever,just,already,just,sofor,uptonow,

since,this...,...times,for...,yet,recently

過(guò)去進(jìn)行：過(guò)去小時(shí)間+過(guò)去的大時(shí)間

過(guò)去完成：by+過(guò)去時(shí)間

一般將來(lái)：tomorrow,next,future,具體的將來(lái)時(shí)間點(diǎn)

將來(lái)進(jìn)行：將來(lái)小時(shí)間+將來(lái)的大時(shí)間

將來(lái)完成：by+將來(lái)時(shí)間，before+將來(lái)時(shí)間

2.復(fù)雜句中（句子+連詞+句子；連詞+句子，句子）

a.前后兩個(gè)句子的時(shí)間必須一致，既必須同時(shí)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，或過(guò)去

時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，除非句中有表示時(shí)間的關(guān)鍵詞。

b.前后兩個(gè)句子中，一個(gè)用一般體，另一個(gè)用完成體，表示兩

個(gè)動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生。（用完成體的先發(fā)生，一般體的后發(fā)生）

3.兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子

一個(gè)是一般現(xiàn)在，另一個(gè)往往是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行。除非有表示時(shí)間的關(guān)

鍵詞；

一個(gè)是一般過(guò)去，另一個(gè)往往是過(guò)去進(jìn)行。除非有表示時(shí)間的關(guān)

鍵詞。

*while后要用進(jìn)行體：

If+一般現(xiàn)在…，...willv

If+一般過(guò)去…,...wouldv...

2.反意疑問(wèn)句

1.Everybodyknowswhathehastodo,doesn'the?

Noneoftheboyscandoit,canhe?

Nobodywantstogothere,doeshe?

There'snohelpforit,isthere?

Bobrarelygotdrunk,didhe?

Fewpeopleknowhim,dothey?

Sheseldomgoestothecinema,doeshe?v(還有hardly,ne

ver,little,nowhere,nothing)

Hewasunsuccessful,wasn'the?

I'mlate,aren'tI?

Onecan'tbetoocareful,canone?

Youthinkyouarefunny,don'tyou?

Hethinksheisgoingtobecomeadoctor,doesn,the?

Isuppose(that)he'sserious,isn'the?

Idon'tthink(that)shecares,doesshe?

YouhaveaRolls-Royce,haven'tyou/don'tyou?

Hehasn'tmuchtimetospare,hashe?

MissOatesdoesn'thaveanymoneyinherpocket,doessh

e?(以上have表示“有”)

Youoftenhaveheadaches,don'tyou?

Shehadagoodtimeyesterday,didn'tshe?

Thechildoughttobepunished,ough't/shouldn'the?

Heusedtosmokefiftycigarettesaday,usedn't/didn'the?

Youneedn'tgoyet,need/mustyou?

Maryneedstoleave,doesn'tshe?

Maryneedleave,needn'tshe?

Shemustgohomerightnow,mustn'tshe?

Shemustbeverytired,isn'tshe?

Hemusthavewaitedhereforalongtime,hasn'the?

Youmusthaveseentheplaylastweek,didn'tyou?

Lefsgocamping,shallwe?

Letusgonow,willyou?

3.直接引語(yǔ)/間接引語(yǔ)

“I'mtired,“hesaid.Hesaid(that)hewastired.

"I'mtired,“Isaid.Isaid(that)Iwastired.

Jimsays,"I'vereadTony'sbookandIdidn'tunderstand

it.”

Jimsays(that)hehasreadTony'sbookanddidn'tunders

tandit.

Hewillsay,44Theboywaslazy.”

Hewillsay(that)theboywaslazy.

Hetoldme,"Iknowhim.”

Hetoldmethatheknewhim.

Shetoldme,“Wearemeetinghimlateratthepub.”

Shetoldmethattheyweremeetinghimlateratthepub.

Hesaid,“Thelightshavegoneout.”

Hesaidthatthelightshadgoneout.

Shesaid,"I'vebeenwaitingforages.”

Shesaidthatshehadbeenwaitingforages.

*“Theearthmovesaroundthesun,^^theteachertoldus.

Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.

4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

couldhavedone

musthavedone

shouldhavedone

mighthavedone

mustbe

Couldbe...

Don,t/doesn,t/didn,tneedto

Mustn't

Oughtto=should

Wouldyou

Couldyou

5.虛擬語(yǔ)氣

Ifhaddone,wouldhavedone

Ifdid,woulddo

If...weretodo,woulddo...

If...shoulddo,woulddo...

Sb.V.thatsb.(should)do

Itisadj.Thatsb.(should)do

Itisabouttimethatsb.Did

6.被動(dòng)句

am/is/aredone

was/weredone

am/is/arebeingdone

was/werebeingdone

am/is/aretobedone

has/havebeendone

willbedone

7.定語(yǔ)從句解題技巧

定語(yǔ)從句：就是一個(gè)表示“。。。的”的句子

結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞（又叫先行詞）+引導(dǎo)詞+句子

*引導(dǎo)詞是由名詞決定的

lo名詞是物,引導(dǎo)詞用which/that

2.名詞是：人+引導(dǎo)詞+名詞/代詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用whom

3.名詞是：人+引導(dǎo)詞+動(dòng)詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用who

4.名詞和引導(dǎo)詞后面的名詞是名詞為名詞的關(guān)系時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用

whose

5.名詞是物，出現(xiàn)以下幾種情況時(shí)只能用that

a.前面出現(xiàn)no...,every...,any,some,all,much

b.前面出現(xiàn)last,very,only,few,little,theone

c.前面出現(xiàn)人and物

d.前面出現(xiàn)形容詞最高級(jí)

e.前面出現(xiàn)序數(shù)詞

f.名詞是人，而句中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)who

6.名詞是物，出現(xiàn)以下情況時(shí)只能用which

a.“后

b.介詞后

7.名詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，后面句子中的介詞可以提到引導(dǎo)詞前，這

時(shí)弓I導(dǎo)詞只能用which,并且prep+which=where

8.名詞是時(shí)間名詞，后面句子中的介詞可以提到引導(dǎo)詞前，這

時(shí)弓I導(dǎo)詞只能用which,并且prep+which=when

9.名詞是reason,后面有for,引導(dǎo)詞用which;沒(méi)有，引導(dǎo)詞用

why

10.出現(xiàn)下面情況時(shí)只能用as

a.such

b.thesame…

c.句首

作文題目：

lo求職信

2.描述你的一個(gè)家人

3.我的暑期計(jì)劃

4.我的業(yè)余愛(ài)好

5.給一位朋友寫(xiě)電子郵件

6.介紹你的學(xué)校

7.介紹你所在的城市

8.寫(xiě)一封投訴信

英語(yǔ)II(1)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)綜合復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)

一、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

在英語(yǔ)中，不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況要用不同的動(dòng)詞形

式表示，這種形式叫做“時(shí)態(tài)”。英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可分為十六

種，但真正經(jīng)常應(yīng)用的，實(shí)為其中的十一種，它們是：一般現(xiàn)

在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、

將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、將來(lái)完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完

成進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。電大開(kāi)放英語(yǔ)3要求掌握的時(shí)態(tài)

為九種，它們是：

時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

舉例（write）

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)V（動(dòng)詞原形）write/writes

一般過(guò)去時(shí)V-ed（動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式）wrote

一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/will+V（動(dòng)詞原形）shall/will

write

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+V-ing（現(xiàn)在分詞）am/is/are

writing

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+V-ing（現(xiàn)在分詞）was/were

writing

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/has+been+V-ing（現(xiàn)在分詞）

have/hasbeenwriting

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+V-ed（過(guò)去分詞）have/has

written

過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+V-ed（過(guò)去分詞）hadwritten

將來(lái)完成時(shí)shall/will+have+V-ed（過(guò)去分詞）

shall/willhavewritten

二、學(xué)習(xí)重難點(diǎn)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱時(shí)，作謂語(yǔ)用的動(dòng)

詞原形要加詞尾-S或-es。

例如：MarycomesfromEngland.Whendoesthefilm

begin?

2.英語(yǔ)中不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞雖然不多，但它們的使用率卻相當(dāng)

高，務(wù)必記住。

例如：do-did-done,go-went-gone,make-

made-made,see-saw-seen

3.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一

般、重復(fù)的動(dòng)作或事情；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或說(shuō)話前后的

動(dòng)作或事情。

例如：Excuseme,doyouspeakEnglish?（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）

Listentothosepeople,whatlanguagearetheyspeaking?

（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）Whatdoyoudo?（表示重復(fù)的動(dòng)作）

Whatareyoudoinghere?（表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）

4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較：

（1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)指發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，著眼點(diǎn)在過(guò)去；現(xiàn)

在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的影響，著眼點(diǎn)

在現(xiàn)在。例如：Ilostmypen.（僅表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作）

I'velostmypen.Ihavetowritewithapencil.（對(duì)

現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響）

(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常與表示過(guò)去的特定時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(此時(shí)不能

用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))。

例如：Tomlosthiskeyyesterday.

Whenhewas65,hedecidedthathedidn,twanttostop

working.詢問(wèn)某事發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí)(when,whattime,

where),必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

例如：Whattimedidtheyarrive?Whenandwherewereyou

born?

(3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)經(jīng)常與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(since,

for)；與表示不確定的時(shí)間副詞及短語(yǔ)連用(already,before,

yet,recently,lately,ever,never等)；與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)

的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(now,just,today,thismonth,always,in

thepastfewdays等)。

例如：ShehastaughtEnglishfortenyears.Ihaven't

toldyouthisbefore.He'sfinishedhishomeworktoday.

5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的比較：

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用于表示過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷或過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在和

將來(lái)的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，著眼點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在。過(guò)去完成時(shí)常用來(lái)描

述在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作以前完成的動(dòng)作或事件，著眼

點(diǎn)在過(guò)去，動(dòng)作是過(guò)去的過(guò)去。

例如：I'veseenthefilm.(對(duì)現(xiàn)在而言)

IhadseenthefilmbeforeIcametoShenzhen.（對(duì)過(guò)去

動(dòng)作came而言）

6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，并表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)

行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還要持續(xù)下

去。

例如：Johnhaspaintedthedoor.（已漆完，動(dòng)作已結(jié)束）

Johnhasbeenpaintingthedoor.（還在漆，動(dòng)作還要持續(xù)

下去）

We'vecleanedthehouse.Youmaycomeinnow.（強(qiáng)調(diào)

動(dòng)作的結(jié)果）We'reverytired.We'vebeencleaningthe

house.（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作持續(xù)進(jìn)行）

三、解題指導(dǎo)Findthechoicethatbestcompleteseachof

thefollowingsentences.

1.GreatchangesinBeijinginthepastthreeyears.

A.tookplaceB.havetakenplace

C.hastakenplaceD.havebeentakenplace

答案是Bo這個(gè)句子的意思是“在過(guò)去三年中，北京發(fā)生了巨

大變化。”在過(guò)去三年中包括現(xiàn)在，因此應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表

示動(dòng)作從三年前直至現(xiàn)在。此句的主語(yǔ)是“changes,”故應(yīng)選用

have…；"takeplace（發(fā)生）”這一詞組不能用被動(dòng)形式，故

此題答案只能選Bo

2.WherethestudentsofClassThree?Theymorning

exercisesontheplaygroundnow.

A.are,aredoingB.are,do

C.were,aredoingD.were,did

答案是Ao這是一道選擇正確時(shí)態(tài)搭配的題。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)

在進(jìn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常同在一個(gè)句子里使用。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示習(xí)慣性的反

復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或表示現(xiàn)在的狀況；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示此刻（說(shuō)話

人說(shuō)話時(shí)）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀況。此句的意思是“三班學(xué)生在

哪兒？他們現(xiàn)在正在操場(chǎng)上做早操?！币虼?，只能選擇A項(xiàng)。

3.FouryearssinceIthearmy.

A.passed…joinedB.havepassed…h(huán)avejoined

C.haspassed…joinedD.havepassed*',joined

答案是Do在由since（自從）引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句中，時(shí)間壯語(yǔ)從

句一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而其主句需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。此復(fù)合句中的

主句的主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)（fouryears）,故其選擇答案應(yīng)是D,全

句的意思是“自從我參軍以來(lái)，四年過(guò)去了?！?/p>

4.MarysuddenlyilllastSunday,butnowshe

muchbetter.

A.fell…feltB.falls…feels

C.fell…feelsD.fell…h(huán)asfelt

答案是Co第一個(gè)空顯然應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因?yàn)榫渥佑斜?/p>

示過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastSunday（上星期日）；第二個(gè)空應(yīng)該

選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因?yàn)榇司涫钦f(shuō)“現(xiàn)在她感覺(jué)好多了”，故正確

答案只能選擇Co

5.Bytheendoflastweekwefivelessons.

A.learnB.learnedC.havelearnedD.hadlearned

答案是Do此題的意思是“到上周末，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)五課書(shū)

了。”一定是在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，這

個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間可以用by,before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從

句來(lái)表示。因此D項(xiàng)選擇的“過(guò)去完成時(shí)(hadlearned)”是

正確的。

6.Cansheplaythepiano?Yes,shecan.Shetoplay

thepianoforafewyears.

A.hasbeenlearningB.learns

B.haslearnedD.islearning

答案是Ao此題的意思是“她會(huì)彈琴嗎？會(huì)，她彈鋼琴已經(jīng)

有幾年了?！北硎緞?dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而

且仍然在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行著，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的“持續(xù)性”。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)

調(diào)動(dòng)作的“結(jié)果”，這就是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)

別。此題顯然是說(shuō)明她現(xiàn)在仍在繼續(xù)彈鋼琴，故A項(xiàng)選擇的“現(xiàn)

在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(hasbeenlearning)”是正確的。

7.Tomisonholiday.Hehasverylittlemoneyandhe

isspendingtoomuchtooquickly.Beforetheendofhis

holiday,heallhismoney.

A.spendB.hasspend

C.willhavespentD.wouldspend

答案是C。此題的意思是“湯姆正在度假。他錢(qián)不多，但花

得很多很快。假期結(jié)束前他一定把錢(qián)都花光了”。根據(jù)此意，應(yīng)

該選擇將來(lái)完成時(shí)（shall/willhave+過(guò)去分詞），表示在將來(lái)

某一時(shí)候之前已完成的動(dòng)作。

四、綜合練習(xí)

I.Findthechoicethatbestcompleteseachforthe

followingsentences:

1.Don'tturnoffthelight.Iareportnow.

a.wasreadingb.amreading

c.havereadd.read

2.WhenIwasatschool,Itothelibraryeveryday.

a.gob.wasgoingc.havegoned.went

3.WeagoodswimlastSaturday.

a.hadb.arehavingc.haved.havehad

4.Whilewewiththepresident,ourEnglishteacher

camein.

a.aretalkingb.havetalkedc.weretalkingd.talk

5.Thenewbooksyet.

a.haven'tarrivedb.hasn'tarrived

c.didn'tarrivedd.don'tarrive

6.youevertoShanghai?

a.Did…gob.Were…being

c.Did…bed.Have…been

7.Hehislunch.

a.hadb.havehadc.hashadd.ate

8.Whatyouform7to8yesterdayevening?

a.did…dob.was…doing

c.were…doingd.have…done

9.Foryears,doctorsmillionsofpatients'lives

withthehelpofmicroscopes.

a.savedb.havesavedc.hassavedd.weresaving

10.IwassohappytoseeJohnagainlastSunday.We

eachotherformorethantwoyears.

a.haven'tseenb.hadn'tseen

c.didn,tseed.hasn'tseen

11.We_threelessonsthismonth.

a.havelearnedb.learnedc.haslearnedd.werehaving

12.LiMingtoschoolatseven,andhehasEnglish

lessonsonMondaysandFridays.

a.gob.goesc.wasgoingd.went

13.Themoonsmallerthantheearth.

a.wasb.isbeingc.isd.were

14.Thetrainfromthisstationontime.

a.neverleavesb.wereneverleaving

c.wasneverleavingd.neverleft

15.ItoParisseveraltimes.

a.wentb.havegonec.havebeend.wasgoing

16.Don,ttalktome.Itolearnthispoembyheart.

a.tryb.triedc.wastryingd.amtrying

17.AlicehaslivedinChinafortenyears,soshe

thelifehere.

a.usedtob.getusedto

c.gousedtod.hasgotusedto

18.I'11buyapairofshoesifthestoresoon,

a.openb.openedc.opensd.hasopened

19.IswimmingintheriverandIalwaysgotoswim

whenIcan.

a.likedb.likec.amlikingd.wasliking

20.Myaunttoseeus.She'11beheresoon.

a.iscomingb.comesc.camed.wascoming

21.JustasIthehouse,thephone.

a.wasleaving…rangb.wasleaving…wouldring

c.left…h(huán)adrungd.hadleft…wouldring

22.Theguidetoldusthatanincidentherein1925.

a.wastakenplaceb.wastakingplace

c.wouldtakeplaced.hadtakenplace

23.TheteacheritwasimportanttoknowEnglish

grammar.

a.isalwayssayingb.wasalwayssaying

c.hadalwayssaidd.hasalwayssaid

24.Ourmusicteacherplayedthepianowhilewe.

a.havesungb.hadsung

c.weresingingd.wouldsing

25.Themanwhointothehousewastakentoprison.

a.hadbrokenb.hasbrokenc.willbreakd.breaks

26.Bythistimetomorrowtheythemachine.

a.wouldrepairb.willrepair

c.willberepairingd.willhaverepaired

27.Ihopewetheinstructionsreadybeforeyoucome

tomorrow.

a.wouldgetb.willhavegot

c.aregoingtogetd.havegot

28.Pleasewakehimup.Hefor4hours.

a.issleepingb.wassleeping

c.hadbeensleepingd.hasbeensleeping

29.Wewereratherbusythen.Wepreparationsfor

theentranceexam.

a.wasmakingb.weremaking

c.aremakingd.willbemaking

30.Ifthey,theyhereverysoon.Thelastbus

usuallybyattwentytoten.

a.arecoming,willbe,goes

b.come,willbe,willgo

c.willcome,are,goes

d.willcome,willbe,willgo

31.HeinShanghaiforfiveyearsbeforehecameto

Beijing.

a.wasworkingb.hasworkedc.hadworkedd.wouldwork

32.Ithepianoateighto'clockyesterdayevening.

a.ampractisingb.practise

c.practisedd.waspractising

33.Weeighteenlessonsbytheendofthisterm.

a.havestudiedb.hadstudied

c.willbestudyingd.willhavestudied

34.Heabook,andnowheneedsaholiday.

a.hasbeenwritingb.hadbeenwriting

c.willbewritingd.waswriting

35.Thewomenwiththeredumbrellatoseeyousince

8o'clockthismorning.Canyouseehernow?

a.hadbeenwaitingb.hasbeenwaiting

c.iswaitingd.waits

II.Fromthefourunderlinedpartsineachofthe

followingsentenceschoosetheonethatiswrong:

1.Myunclelivedinthiscitysince1980.

2.EachpupilinmyclasshaveaChinesedictionary.

3.Ilostmypen.Ihavetowritewithapencil.

4.HangzhouisthemostbeautifulcityIsaw.

5.IwishIcanspeakChinesesothatIcantalkdirectly

withyou.

6.Therewasnobus.Ihavetowalkhome.

7.Shehasreadthearticlelastweek.

8.Whendoesheusuallygetsupeverymorning?

9.Tomdoesnotgotobedearlyenoughlastnightsohe

wastiredallmorning.

10.Wesetupalotofuniversitiessince1949.Wehave

alsosetupaCentralRadioandTelevisionUniversity.

11.BynowOldWangworkedinthatfactoryfortwentyyears.

12.Christianityhasbecomeaworldwidereligionsince

ithasbegunalmosttwothousandyearsago.

13.NowthattheyhavesuccessfullypassedtheTOEFL,the

studentswerereadytobegintheirclassesatthe

university.

14.Iaskedhimwhatiswrongwithhim.

15.MyclassmatesandIhavevisitedtheMemorialHallof

ChairmanMaoyesterday.

16.Hehadbeenworkinghardallthismorningandis

absolutelyexhaustednow.

17.Welivedinthishouseforthreeyearsbeforemyfather

decidedtohaveusmovetoanewneighborhood.

18.NexttimeIgothere,Iwouldaskthemaboutit.

19.IletyouhavethebookwhenI'mthrough.

20.AtthattimesheisworkinginaPLAunit.

21.Liberationputanendtothemiserablelifewelive.

22.Bythistimenextyearwewouldhaveturnedallthe

landintoricefields.

23.Iwon'tbefreeFridaymorning.I'11beseeinga

friendoff.

24.Ihopeyouwouldsendheroversoon.

25.Iamtootiredtogotothefilm.Ihavewatered

vegetablesallday.

26.Hewasragingfuriouslybecausehefoundthattheyleft

withouthim.

27.Atlasttheygotthetelegramtheyhaveexpected.

28.Itwasadarknight.Thewindwasblowinghardandthe

rainfellheavily.Ayoungwomansuddenlyappearedonthe

riverbank.

III.Fillintheblankwithpropertenseformsoftheverbs

giveninbrackets.

PassageOne

Mygrandmother_1(live)withussincemy

grandfather2_(die)sixyearsago.She3_(use)

tobeadoctor.She4_(be)nearlyeightybutshe_5

(be)stillingoodhealth.Grandmother6_(lead)a

simplelife.She7_(like)tohaveanearlybreakfast

andshealways8_(have)thesamethingforbreakfast:

rice,fruitandcoffee.Afterbreakfastshe9_(take)

awalktobuythemorningpaper.She10_(do)this

everymorningforyearsandeverybodyinthestreet11_

(know)her.Grandmother12_(notbe)verywellthis

month.She13_(have)abadcoldforthelastfewweeks,

and14_(be)inbedforafewdays.I15_(like)

tohearher16_(talk)aboutlifewhenshe17_(be)

agirl.She18_(tell)usmanyfunnystories.She

always19_(say),“Life20_(be)muchharderthen

thanitistoday.”

PassageTwo

(1.look)atthepicture,please!We(2.

cansee)thatthedoctorandnurses(3.operate)on

theeyesofthepatient.Aswe(4.know),whenpeople

(5.be)ill,they(6.go)tothedoctor.

Sometimesthedoctor(7.give)themmedicines,and

theseoften(8.help).However,whenmedicin