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2024年高等教育教育類自考-10057英語教學(xué)論歷年高頻考點試卷專家薈萃含答案(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)第1卷一.參考題庫(共25題)1.Itisimportantfortheteachertoshowstudentshoweasyitistounderstandsomethingfromauthenticmaterialsratherthanhowdifficultitistounderstandeverything.()2.Theback-chainingtechniquemeansthestudentsrepeatasentenceaftertheteacher,startingfromtheendpartofthesentenceandmovingtowardsthebeginning.()3.MostcontributorstotheCommunicativeApproachsharetheviewthatlanguageisusedforcommunicationandaremoreconcernedwithmeaningthanwith().4.Inpractice,CommunityLanguageLearningismostoftenusedintheteachingofwritingskillandthecourseprogressionistopicbased.()5.Aphonemeisthesmallestdistinctivesoundunit,incapableofchangeindifferentphoneticenvironments.()6.The()approachtolanguagestudyisconcernedwithlanguageasaninstrumentofsocialinteractionratherthanasasystemthatisviewedinisolation.7.WhatlanguageskillsareemphasizedbytheDirectMethod?8.Themostpowerfulsignalofstressisachangeofpitchonthevowel.()9.Thegoalofforeignlanguageteachingistoproduceover-usersofmonitor.()10.Thecardinalrulemeans().11.Theteachercanhelpthestudentstoreadatextbyreadingitaloudwhiletheyfollowintheirbooks.()12.Howcanwedescribethemainproficiencygoaloftheteachingandlearningofpronunciation?13.Teachingmaterialsshouldagreewithorreflecttheteaching(),aims,objectivesandteachingmethods.14.ThemostobviouscharacteristicsoftheCommunicativeApproachisthatalmosteverythingthatisdoneisdonewithacommunicativeintent.()15.“KnowingEnglish”mustmeanknowinghowto()inEnglish.16.Inordertounderstandatextwell,itisabsolutelynecessarytounderstandeverywordinthefirstplace.()17.Todaybothlanguageteachingexpertsandclassroomteachersagreethatthecommunicativeapproachisthebest.()18.Whatspecificaspectsdoescommunicativecompetenceinclude?19.ThetheoryoflanguageunderlyingtheGrammar-TranslationMethodwasderivedfromComparativeHistoricalLinguistics.()20.Learningismoreeffectivewhenthelearnersareactivelyinvolvedinthelearningprocess.()21.Whatisthefunctionoftheaffectivefilter?22.Iftheteacherweretalkingtoomuchinclassthestudentswouldnotbelearning.()23.InanEnglishclassweareusuallyconcernedwithcasuallistening.()24.A()isasetofproceduresoracollectionoftechniquesusedinasystematicwaywhichitishopedwillresultinefficientlearning.25.Whatkindofwordstendtobestressed,andwhatkindofwordstendtobeunstressed?第2卷一.參考題庫(共25題)1.Normallywhenwereadoureyesflickbackwardsandforwardsoverthetext.()2.Sociologyisthestudyoflanguageinrelationto(),suchassocialclass,educationallevelandsoon.3.Silentreadinginvolveslookingatthetextandsayingthewordssilentlytoyourself.()4.Therearenomajordifferencesbetweenhowonereadsinone’smothertongueandhowonereadsinaforeignlanguage.()5.Theattitudinalandemotionalfactorscanbeexpressedinanitemofvocabulary.Theseareoftenreferredtoas().6.Whydowesayassessmenthasgreatbackwasheffectsonforeignlanguageteachingandlearning?7.Techniquesforgroupingitemsofvocabularyfallintothreegeneralcategories:semanticfields,phonologicalsetsandgrammaticalsets.Groupingitemsrelatedbytopics,forexample,typesoffruit,belongstothesemanticfields.()8.Whatarethetwofunctionsofintonation?9.Ofthefourpossibletunemovements,highfallisusedforstatementsandwh-questions;highriseisusedforquestionsaskingforrepetitionofsomething;lowriseisforyes/noquestions,etc.andfallriseisforcorrectionsandpolitecontradictions.()10.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofgrammar-translationmethod?11.WhatisthedifferencebetweenSkinner’sbehaviorismandChomsky’smentalism?12.Ateachstageofthelesson,activitiesfocusonallfourskills.()13.Whydowesaythatreadingaloudisnotveryusefulforreadingatextinclass?14.Whyshouldweteachpronunciationandintonationincontext?15.Whatistheroleofformallearningaccordingtothemonitorhypothesis?16.()isthestudyofsecondandforeignlanguageteachingandlearning.17.Whenweusetheword()wemeanthatanideaortheoryisbeingapplied:thatwhatevertheteacherdoes,certaintheoreticalprinciplesarealwaysborneinmind.18.Inwhatsensedoesforeignlanguageteachingmethodologyhelpyouinyourprofessionaldevelopment?19.Usuallylowkeyisusedforemphasisandcontrast;midkeyindicatesanexpected,neutralattitude;andlowkeyprovideslowinformation.()20.Timecanbesavedbydecidingonaformatwhichsuitsyouandthenkeepingapileofblanks.()21.Studentsalmostalwaysenjoylisteningtostories.()22.WhyislisteningimportantinlearningEnglish?23.Mentalismholdsthatahumanbeingpossessesamindwhichhasconsciousness,ideas,etc.,andthemindcaninfluencethe()ofthebody.24.sociolinguistics25.()arerepresentedbyphoneticsymbolsbecausethereisnoone-to-onecorrespondencebetweenwrittenlettersandspokensounds.第3卷一.參考題庫(共25題)1.Accordingtothebehaviorists,alllearningtakesplacethrough().2.Whattrickscanateacherteachhisstudentstousetomemorizevocabulary?3.Feedbackreferstoanyinformationwhichprovidesareportontheresultofcommunicationwhichtakesplacenotonlybetweenthelistenerandthespeaker.()4.Whatkindofknowledgedoyouneedtohaveifyousayyouknowaword?5.Whatarethetwoobjectivesinpresentinganewstructuralitem?6.HowshouldlanguagerulesbelearnedaccordingtotheDirectMethod?7.Iftheaimofalessonis“Tolearnthenamesofcolours”thelessonmayfocusonaparticular().8.Pitchisproducedbyfrequencyofvibrationofthevocalcords.Thehigherthefrequency,thehigherthepitch.()9.(),isthestudyofhowwordscombinetoformsentencesandtheruleswhichgoverntheformationofsentences.10.Whenthereadersreadtogetthegeneralpicture,onlythemainpointsarewhattheyareinterestedin,notthedetail.()11.Syllabusdeterminesteachingaims,objectives,contentsand().12.Theaimofthepracticestageistocausethelearnerstoabsorbthestructurethoroughly.()13.Whatarethethreedifferentviewsongrammarteaching?14.Whatarethefactorsthatcontributetosuccessfulpracticeofgrammar?15.Tounderstandaword,youhavetoreadallthelettersinit;tounderstandasentenceyouhavetoreadallthewordsinit.()16.Whatarethetechniqueswhichyoucanusetoteachintonationinameaningfulway?17.Thereisnooneabsolutelycorrectwaytodrawupalessonplanandeachteacherwilldecidewhatsuitshimorherbest,butallgoodlessonplansgiveaclearpictureofwhattheteacherintendstodointhelesson.()18.Plannedconversationsusuallydegenerateintosilenceorinvolveonlyasmallnumberofstudents.()19.Chomskyreferstothechild’sinnateendowmentas(),asetofprincipleswhicharecommontoalllanguages.20.()referstovarietiesoflanguagedefinedbytheirtopicandcontextofuse.21.Whatarethepointsofconcernofmethodology?22.Ifthechosentopicforaconversationlessonistoogeneralitwillnotexcitethestudents,ifitistoospecificsomestudentswillbeinterested,andothersnot.()23.DoesKrashen’stheoryofsecondlanguageacquisitionbeginwiththeories,orwithdata?24.Whatkindofquestionsshouldweaskourstudentswhenwewanttogivethemareasontoread?25.ConsciousknowledgeofrulesdoesnothelpacquisitionaccordingtoKrashen.()第1卷參考答案一.參考題庫1.參考答案:正確2.參考答案:正確3.參考答案:structure4.參考答案:錯誤5.參考答案:錯誤6.參考答案:functional7.參考答案: Conversationalskillsareemphasized,thoughtheteachingofallfourskillsisconsideredimportant.Readingandwritingexercisesshouldbebaseduponwhatthestudentshavepracticedorallyfirst.Pronunciationispaidattentiontofromthebeginning.8.參考答案:正確9.參考答案:錯誤10.參考答案:onethingatatime11.參考答案:錯誤12.參考答案: Themainproficiencygoalcanbedescribedingeneraltermsasphonologicalcompetence,thatis a)Theabilitytorecognizeanddiscriminatesignificantsoundfeatures. b)Theabilitytoproduceintelligibleandacceptablesounds,bothsegmentallyandprosodically. c)Theabilitytointerpretwrittenlanguagephonologically,asinreadingaloud,andtorecreatedspokenlanguagegraphically,asinwritingfromdictationandnote-taking.13.參考答案:principles14.參考答案:正確15.參考答案:communicate16.參考答案:錯誤17.參考答案:錯誤18.參考答案: Communicativecompetenceincludes: 1)knowledgeofthegrammarandvocabularyofthelanguage, 2)knowledgeofrulesofspeaking(eg.knowinghowtobeginandendconversations,knowingwhattopicsmaybetalkedaboutindifferenttypesofspeechevents,knowingwhichaddressformsshouldbeusedwithdifferentpersonsonespeaktoandindifferentsituations), 3)knowinghowtouseandrespondtodifferenttypesofspeechacts,suchasrequests,apologies,thanks,andinvitations, 4)knowinghowtouselanguageappropriately.19.參考答案:正確20.參考答案:正確21.參考答案: Accordingtotheaffectivefilterhypothesis,comprehensibleinputmaynotbeutilizedbysecondlanguageacquirersifthereisa“mentalblock”thatpreventsthemfromfullyprofitingfromit.Theaffectivefilteractsasabarriertoacquisition:ifthefilteris“down”,theinputreachestheLADandbecomesacquiredcompetence;ifthefilteris“up”,theinputisblockedanddoesnotreachtheLAD.Thus“inputistheprimarycausativevariableinSLA,affectivevariablesactingtoimpelorfacilitatethedeliveryofinputtotheLAD.”22.參考答案:錯誤23.參考答案:錯誤24.參考答案:method25.參考答案: Stressedwordstendtobenouns,adjectivesandadverbs,ie.contentwords.Structure(orform)words,articles,prepositions,etc.tendtoreceiveweakstressorunstressed.第2卷參考答案一.參考題庫1.參考答案:正確2.參考答案:socialfactors3.參考答案:錯誤4.參考答案:錯誤5.參考答案:connotationoraffectivemeaning6.參考答案: Bothpositiveandnegativebackwasheffects.Assessmentcanprovideteacherswithfeedbackforlessonplanningandremedialwork.Studentscanalsogetinformationabouttheirlearningandprogress,thereforehaveasenseofachievement.Throughassessmenttheygettoknowtheirproblemsandareasforfurtherstudyandimprovement.However,inappropriateassessmentcancauseworries,discourageweakstudents,emphasisongradesinsteadofonabilitiesandcompetence,etc.7.參考答案:正確8.參考答案: Itindicatesgrammaticalmeaninginmuchthesamewayaspunctuationdoesinthewrittenlanguage.Itcanalsoindicatethespeaker’sattitude.Insomecases,bothgrammaticalmeaningandattitudeareconveyedbytheintonationpatternalone.9.參考答案:正確10.參考答案: Themainadvantagesofthismethodare:first,comparisonbetweentwolanguageshelpsstudentstohaveabetterunderstandingofthemeaningofabstractwordsandcomplicatedsentences.Second,systematicstudyofgrammaticalrulesplaysanimportantroleinfosteringstudents'abilityofreadingcomprehensionandproducinggrammaticallycorrectsentences.Understandingandmanipulatingthemorphologyandsyntaxwilldevelopstudents'abilityofanalyzingandsolvingproblems.Third,thefocusonunderstandingliterarytextsprovidesthesituationinwhichreadingandwritingabilitiesarewelltrained.Fourth,itmakesfewdemandsonteachersalthoughitoftencreatesfrustrationforstudents.Itisrelativelyeasytoapply. Disadvantagesinthismethodare:First,overemphasisontranslationcanneveremancipatethelearnersfromdependenceonthefirstlanguage.Second,knowingalargenumberofgrammaticalrulescannotensurethatstudentscanusethemappropriatelyinrealcommunicativesituation.Third,itputstoomuchemphasisonreadingandwritingandneglectslisteningandspeaking.Fourth,thetextsaremostlytakenfromliteraryworks.Thelanguagelearnedoftendoesn'tmeetthepracticalneedsofthelearners.Fifth,memorizinggrammarrulesandbilingualwordlistsdoesnotmotivatestudentstoactivelycommunicateinthetargetlanguage.11.參考答案: Wherebehaviorismignoredthecontributionofthechilditselfinthelearningprocess,mentalismhaspracticallydeniedthatlinguisticinputandenvironmentplayaroleinthisprocess,andhasgenerallypaidveryscantattentiontotheactualcourselanguagedevelopmenttakes.12.參考答案:錯誤13.參考答案: Readingaloudisnotveryusefulforreadingatextinclassforthefollowingreasons:First,onlyonestudentisactiveatatime;theothersareeithernotlisteningatall,orarelisteningtoabadmodel.Second,students’attentionisfocusedonpronunciation,notonunderstandingthemeaning.Third,itisanunnaturalactivityasmostpeopledonotreadaloudinreallife.Last,ittakesupalotoftimebecausestudentsusuallyreadveryslowly.14.參考答案: Itisthecontextthatdeterminesorgivesmeaningtothesounds,stress,words,andsentences.Humansoundshavesocialandcommunicativefunctions.Thesamewordssaidwithdifferentrhythmandintonationwillproducedifferentmeaningsdependingonthespeaker’sattitudeandintention.Practicingthepronunciationofindividualsoundsinisolationissometimesnecessary,butnotsufficientindevelopingstudents’phonologicalcompetence.15.參考答案: Themonitorhypothesisstatesthatformallearninghasonlyonefunction,andthatisasa“monitor”or“editor”andthatlearningcomesintoplayonlytomakechangesintheformofourutterance,afterithasbeenproducedbytheacquiredsystem.Acquisitioninitiatesthespeaker’sutterancesandisresponsibleforfluency.Thusthemonitoristhoughttoaltertheoutputoftheacquiredsystembeforeoraftertheutteranceisactuallywrittenorspoken,buttheutteranceisinitiatedentirelybytheacquiredsystem.16.參考答案:Appliedlinguistics17.參考答案:approach18.參考答案: Aforeignlanguageteacherhastonotonlymakehisstudentsunderstandthelanguage,namelythepronunciation,vocabulary,grammar,etc.,hemustalsodeveloptheircommunicativecompetencesothattheycanusethelanguagetheyhavelearnedcorrectly,appropriatelyandexpressivelyinrealsituations.Inordertodowellthiscomplicatedjob,theteacherneedstoknow,apartfromacomprehensiveknowledgeofthelanguageandtheabilitytouseit,asmanyteachingmethodsandtechniquesaspossible,andunderstandtheunderlyingtheoriesandprinciples,thereforehenotonlyknowswhattoteachandhowtodoit,butalsowhyheshoulddoitinacertainwayandhowtosolveproblemswhentheyarise.Inthiswayhewillhavefullconfidenceindoinghisjobwell. Foreignlanguageteachersunderstandthatknowingalanguagedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatyoucanteachthelanguagewell.Teachingisanartaswellasascience.Ifyoudonotknowthetheories,principles,methodsortechniquesofteaching,youmightbeabletoteachaforeignlanguagebasedonyourexperience,butyoucannothopetoachievegoodresults,norcanyougiveyouroryourcolleagues’teachingarationalevaluationoracriticalappraisal.Therearesurelylimitationsinteachingbydrawingonlyonexperience,thoughexperienceisimportant.Thetheoryyoulearntfromthemethodologycoursecanguide,supportandconceptualizepractice.Newinsightsyougetbysharingideasofotherpeoplewillbringyougreatbenefit.Astheoldsayinggoes:“Travelbroadensthemind”.InthesamewaylearningForeignLanguageTeachingMethodologywillsurelybroadenthemindofteachers.19.參考答案:錯誤20.參考答案:正確21.參考答案:正確22.參考答案: Listeningisimportantmainlyfortworeasons.First,wecannotdevelopspeakingskillsunlesswealsodeveloplisteningskills.Tohaveasuccessfulconversation,studentsmustunderstandwhatissaidtothem.LatertheabilitytounderstandspokenEnglishmaybecomeveryimportant.Second,listeningtospokenEnglishisanimportantwayofacquiringthelanguage,whileinoursituationthestudentsdonothearEnglishspokenaroundthem,soitisimportantforustogiveourstudentsasmuchopportunityaspossibletolistentospokenEnglish.23.參考答案:behavior24.參考答案:Sociolinguisticsisthestudyoflanguageinrelationtosocialfactors,thatis,socialclass,educationallevelandtypeofeducation,age,sex,ethicorigin,etc.25.參考答案:Sounds第3卷參考答案一.參考題庫1.參考答案:habitformation2.參考答案: a)groupingwordsinonewayoranother; b)usingdictionaries; c)establishingpersonalcategorysheets; d)usingvisuals; e)usingalphabeticalindex; f)labeling.3.參考答案:正確4.參考答案: Knowingawordinvolvesknowingitsmeaning,itsformanditsuse.Ifwesaythatweknowaword,wemustbeableto a)recognizeitinwrittenandspokenform; b)recallitatonce; c)relateittoappropriateobjectorconcept; d)useitinappropriategrammaticalform; e)useitincorrectcollocation; f)useitatappropriatelevelofformality; g)pronounceitinarecognizableway; h)spellitcorrectly; i)beawareofitsconnotation.5.參考答案: Whenpresentinganewstructuralitemweshouldbeprimarilytryingtoachievetwothings: a)toenablethestudentstorecognizethenewstructurewellenoughtobeabletoproduceitthemselves(ie.establishtheform); b)tomakeabsolutelycleartheusageofthepattern,sothatwhenthestudentsproducethem,promptedbytheteacher,theyknowwhattheyaresaying(ie.establishthemeaning).6.參考答案: Languagerulesarelearnedinductivelythroughlisteningandspeakingactivities.Theteachersetsupafewcarefullychosenillustrationsofaruleandleadsthestudentstodiscovertherelationshipofthenewelementstootherspreviouslylearned.Studentsworkouttherulegoverningthoseexamples.Inotherwords,studentshavetoinducegrammaticalrulesfromexamplesinthetext.Alanguagecouldbestbelearnedbybeingusedactivelyintheclassroom.7.參考答案:topic8.參考答案:正確9.參考答案:Syntax10.參考答案:正確11.參考答案:methods12.參考答案:正確13.參考答案: Thefirstviewisthatteachinggrammarentailstheformalexplanationofgrammarrules.Whilelearnerswhoreceiveagreatdealofgrammaticalexplanationwillendupknowingquitealotaboutthelanguage,theywillnotnecessarilybeabletoputthelanguagetocommunicativeeffect.Thesecondviewisthatteachinggrammar
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