Unit3FoodandCultureDiscoveringusefulstructures過(guò)去完成時(shí)及其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件-人教版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性

UNIT3

FOODANDCULTUREDiscoverUsefulStructures過(guò)去完成時(shí)Teachingobjectives:Inthisclass,youwillrecognizeandsummarizethemeaning,formanduseofthepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoice;usethepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoicetodescribeasituationthathappenedinthepast.Q1：什么是過(guò)去完成時(shí)？Bythetimethepolicemangottotheshop,thethiefhadrunaway.警察到商店時(shí)，小偷已經(jīng)逃跑了。過(guò)去現(xiàn)在將來(lái)基本定義：

過(guò)去完成時(shí)是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或一直延續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?！斑^(guò)去的過(guò)去”理解“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”：過(guò)去過(guò)去的過(guò)去現(xiàn)在例：Thefilmhadbegunbeforewegottothecinema.我到達(dá)電影院之前電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。hadbegungot

Q2：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)？①

Tomhadfinished

(finish)writinghisnovel②

Ihadeaten

(eat)lotsofcakestillthen.1.肯定式：主語(yǔ)+had+done2.否定式：主語(yǔ)+had+not

+done①

Tomhadnoteatenhissupperinthecanteenbeforehewentbackhome.②

Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadnotrun(run)away.

3.一般疑問(wèn)式：①

Hadyouspentallofyourmoney?②

Hadhefinishedhishomeworkbythetimeyougothere?Had+主語(yǔ)

+done+其他？4.特殊疑問(wèn)式：疑問(wèn)詞

+had+主語(yǔ)+done+其他？BythetimeIwalkedintoclass,theteacherhadstartedteachingalready.BythetimeIwalkedintoclass,theteacherhadn’t

startedteachingyet.Hadtheteacherstartedteachingyetbythetimeyouwalkedintoclass?Q2：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)？Practice:否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：5.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

：Thechef

hadsetup

afarm-to-tablerestaurantbeforehisnewcookbookwaspublished.Anewfarm-to-tablerestauranthadbeensetupbythechefbeforehisnewcookbookwaspublished.Had+been

+doneTheyhadfinishedtheirdinnerbythetimeSamjoinedthem.TheirdinnerhadbeenfinishedbythetimeSamjoinedthem.Changetheactivevoiceintopassivevoice.肯定結(jié)構(gòu)had＋beendone否定結(jié)構(gòu)had＋not＋beendone一般疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)had＋主語(yǔ)＋been

done特殊疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋had＋主語(yǔ)＋been

done5.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

：

Summary完成句子。1)Thetickets_________________(sell)outbeforeIcametothecinema.2)Bytheendoflastyear,we_________________(produce)20,000cars.3)Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves__________(run)away.4)Shetoldusthatthemeeting___________________(cancel).hadbeensoldhadproducedhadrunhadbeencanceledQ3：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用11.Breakfasthadbeenserved

bythetimeIgotup.2.Before

hevolunteeredtodirectthetraffic,Tomhadlost

lotsofjobs.3.He

hadn’tfinisheditbyyesterdayevening.4.BytheendofJune,they__________(treat)over800patients.（1）用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：by+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)；bytheendof+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)；bythetime+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)；before+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)。hadtreatedWhatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?

1.I

(finish)readingthenovelby9o’clocklastnight.2.Bytheendofthatyear,Henry

(collect)morethanathousandpostcards.3.They

(plant)600treesbeforelastWednesday.4.Bythetimetheyarrived,we

(get)everythingready.hadfinishedhadcollectedhadplantedhadgot即學(xué)即練Q3：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用22）常用固定句型：Hardly/Scarcely...when；Nosooner...than

（一……就……）。否定詞置于句首，需要部分倒裝。主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。1.Scarcelyhad

thevotes

been

counted,whenthetelephonerang.2.Nosoonerhad

Iwalked

outthanIrememberedthatIforgot

myhomework.3.Hardlyhad

wesat

downtosupperwhenthephonerang.Whatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?1.我剛到車(chē)站，火車(chē)就開(kāi)了。(scarcely...when...)Ihadscarcelyreachedthestationwhenthetrainstarted./ScarcelyhadIreachedthestationwhenthetrainstarted.2.結(jié)果剛一宣布，人們就歡呼起來(lái)。(hardly...when...)Theresulthadhardlybeenannouncedwhenthecrowdapplauded./即學(xué)即練Hardlyhadtheresultbeenannounced

whenthecrowdapplauded.

Q3：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用3Whatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?（3）常用hope,expect,suppose,think,want,wish等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、計(jì)劃或者打算（含虛擬）。Q3：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的運(yùn)用4Whatarethemeaningsandfeaturesofthefollowingsentences?1.Itwasthefirsttimeshe_________(leave)hermotherland.2.Itisthefirsttime(that)I___________(speak)inpublic.3.ItwasthemostinspiringperformanceI

(watch).hadlefthavespokenhadwatched（4）It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second...time(+that)…

此句型中，若主句中的be為was,從句中的謂語(yǔ)則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；若主句中的be為is,從句中的謂語(yǔ)則用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

Itwasthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+(that)sbhaddone此句型中從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)：在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是過(guò)去的過(guò)去。一般過(guò)去時(shí)：過(guò)去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Q4：過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)They_____________(arrive)atthestationbytenyesterday.昨天10點(diǎn)前他們已經(jīng)到達(dá)了車(chē)站。They__________(arrive)atthestationattenyesterday.他們昨天在10點(diǎn)到達(dá)了車(chē)站。hadarrivedarrived

【即學(xué)即練】翻譯句子。1)到上個(gè)月底為止，我已經(jīng)學(xué)了四千個(gè)單詞。2)他做完作業(yè)后，出去踢足球了。4)Jim于2019年去世的。5)上周五他非常忙。Ihadlearned4,000wordsbytheendoflastmonth.Afterhehaddonehishomework,hewentouttoplayfootball.Jimdiedin2019.HewasverybusylastFriday.Q5：過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I___________inChinaforfiveyearsbeforeIwenttoAmerica.在我去美國(guó)之前，我已經(jīng)在中國(guó)住了五年。I____________inChinaforfiveyears.我目前已經(jīng)在中國(guó)住了五年。

hadlivedhavelived現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，也結(jié)束于過(guò)去。先后1.I___________

(eat)lotsofcakessofar.2.I_________(eat)lotsofcakestillthen.3.Tom____________

(finish)writinghisnovelbytheendoflastyear.4.Tom__________

(finish)writinghisnovelbynow.

5.Tom

(finish)writinghisnovelbytheendofthisyear.6.Tom_________(finish)writinghisnovellastyear.haveeatenhadeatenhadfinishedhasfinished

willhavefinishedfinished即學(xué)即練Completethetwoconversationswiththecorrectformsofthewordsintheboxusingthepastperfecttenseorthepastperfectpassivevoice.arrive,cancel,eat,finish,get,taste,tell1.Carol:_____youever________anyScottishfoodbeforeyourtriptoSt.Andrewslastyear?

Paul:No,notreally.ButI___________________abouthaggismanytimesbeforewewentthere.Hadtastedhadbeentoldn.羊雜碎肚n.食堂;餐廳Carol:Oh…Didyoutryit?Paul:Oh,yes!Youknowwhat?We_________lateforsupperthatday,andsowejustatewhateverwasleftintheuniversitycanteen.We___________ourmealbeforewelearntwe_____just______haggis!Carol:Mygoodness!Paul:Well,itwasnotbad.Ihavetosay…arrive,cancel,eat,finish,get,taste,tellarrivedhadfinishedhadeaten2.Carol:WhenIgottotheteahouseyesterday,Ifoundnobodythere._____it_________________?

Paul:Oh,I’msosorrythatIf