高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 特色重組練 特色重組練六 新人教版-新人教版高三全冊英語試題

特色重組練六Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThrowingaplasticspoonorforkintothetrashafterusingitonceisfashionable.InIndia,about120billionpiecesofplasticcutlery(餐具)endupinthegarbageeachyear.ButthatmaychangesoonthankstoNarayanaPeesapaty,thefounderofBakey's,whichtransformsordinarycutleryintodelicioustreats.Thecompany'sfirstproductisaspoon.Madeofsorghum(高粱),riceandwheatflour,thespoonhasashelflifeofuptothreeyearsandcanbeusedforbotheatingandservingfood.Thankstoitsprimaryingredientsorghum,thespoonisabletoresistanythingfromhotsoupstofrozendessertsforabout15－20minutes.Tastinglikesugar,thespoonsareadelicioustreat.However,eventhosewhodonotwishtoconsumethespoonwon'tfeelsorryaboutthrowingthemaway.That'sbecauseunlikeplasticspoons,Bakey'sspoonsdecompose(分解)within5－6days.Apartfromthis,Peesapatysaidthatthereasonforselectingsorghumwasthattheclimate-smarthardygrainrequiredfewernutrientsandwatertogrow.Asaresult,Bakey'sspoonsusefarfewerresourcesthanthemorepopularalternatives.Peesapatysaidthatashisproductbecamemorepopular,hehopedtoencouragemorefarmerstoswitchtogrowingsorghuminsteadofricewhichrequires60timestheamountofwater!Peesapaty,whohassoldover1.5millionspoonssincehestartedBakey'sin2011,hastwomainchallenges—bringingtheproductioncostsdownsothatthepriceofthespoonsisasaffordableasplasticspoonsandalsosettingupaninternationaldistributionsystemsothattheycanbemadeavailableglobally.Thecompanyalsohopestoexpandtheirofferingstoadditionalcutleryitemslikeforksandchopsticks.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。印度一家公司發(fā)明了可食用的餐具，人們可以在吃完飯后再把餐具吃掉。1．Whatcanwelearnabouttheediblespoonfromthepassage?A．Ithasbeenonsaleforalmosteightyears.B．Itcanresistanythingfor5－6minutes.C．Itcanbreakdownwithin15－20days.D．Ittastessourandspicy.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第一句可知，可食用餐具是在2011年上市的，到現(xiàn)在為止大約八年了。2．Sorghumischosenasthemainingredientforthespoonbecause________.A．itisstrongerB．itismoreenergy-savingC．ittastesbetterD．itiseasytobreakdown答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段前兩句可知，高粱成為備選材料的原因是它更節(jié)約資源。3．What'sPeesapaty'sattitudetowardstheediblespoon?A．Satisfied. B．Suspected.C．Hopeful. D．Uncertain.答案：C推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，Peesapaty想在全球推廣這種可食用勺，并制造可食用叉子和筷子。由此可推知，他們對可食用勺的前景是充滿希望的。4．Whatcanweinferaboutthecompanyfromthelastparagraph?A．Itsspoonshavebroughtingreatprofits.B．Thereisstillalongwaytogoforit.C．Itdeterminestomakeforksandchopsticks.D．Averagepeoplecan'tafforditsproducts.答案：B推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，Peesapaty的公司依然面臨著兩大挑戰(zhàn)，故此公司任重而道遠(yuǎn)。ingredientn.原料；要素resistv.抵抗；忍耐，忍住alternativen.供替代的選擇第四段第三句：Peesapatysaidthatashisproductbecamemorepopular,hehopedtoencouragemorefarmerstoswitchtogrowingsorghuminsteadofricewhichrequires60timestheamountofwater!譯文：Peesapaty說，隨著他的產(chǎn)品越來越受歡迎，他希望鼓勵更多的農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)向種植高粱，而不是種植需要60倍水量的大米！分析：這是一個復(fù)合句，said后面是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。在賓語從句中as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞rice。60timestheamountof“60倍的……量”。B(2019·中央民族大學(xué)附中月考)Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandardexplanations:keepingamoderatediet,engaginginregularexercise,etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity(長壽)?Dosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives?AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100.Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing,moreactiveandlessneurotic(神經(jīng)質(zhì)的)thanotherpeople.Long-livingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympathetic(同情的)andcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan.Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory:thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes.Interestingly,however,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined,forinstance,werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.Also,beingopentonewideashadnorelationshiptolonglife,whichmightexplainallthosebad-temperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirways.Whetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyourpersonalityasanadultisthesubjectofalong-standingpsychologicaldebate.Butthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwantlonglife,youshouldstrivetobeasoutgoingaspossible.Unfortunately,anotherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmother'spersonalitymayalsohelpdetermineyourlongevity.Thatstudylookedatnearly28,000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxious,depressedandangryweremorelikelytofeedtheirkidsunhealthydiets.Patternsofchildhoodeatingcanbehardtobreakwhenwe'readults,whichmaymeanthatkidsofdepressedmomsendupdyingyounger.Personalityisn'tdestiny,andeveryoneknowsthatindividualscanlearntochange.Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn'tjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究結(jié)果表明：長壽不只是與身體健康有關(guān)，而且與心理健康緊密相連，樂觀開朗的性格促成健康長壽。5．TheaimofthestudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietyis________.A．toinvestigatetheroleofexerciseinlivingalonglifeB．tofindoutifone'slifestylehasanyeffectontheirhealthC．toseewhetherpeople'spersonalityaffectstheirlifespanD．toexamineallthefactorscontributingtolongevity答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后三句可知，該期刊的研究目的是要發(fā)現(xiàn)性格是否會影響一個人的壽命，故選C。6．Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutoutgoingandsympatheticpeople?A．Theyaremorelikelytogetoverhardship.B．Theyarebetteratnegotiatinganagreement.C．Theygenerallyappearmoreresourceful.D．Theyhaveagoodunderstandingofevolution.答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes”可知，作者認(rèn)為性格外向并有同情心的人更容易克服困難，故選A。7．Whatfindingofthestudymightprovesomewhatoutofourexpectation?A．Personalitycharacteristicsthatproveadvantageousactuallyvarywithtimes.B．Easy-goingpeoplecanalsolivearelativelylonglife.C．Readinesstoacceptnewideashelpsoneenjoylongevity.D．Suchpersonalitycharacteristicsasself-disciplinehavenoeffectonlongevity.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“however,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined,forinstance,werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold”可知，這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)中多少有些出乎人們意料的是自律等人格特征對長壽沒有影響，故選D。8．Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthetwonewstudies?A．Anxietyanddepressionmoreoftenthannotcutshortone'slifespan.B．Healthisinlargepartrelatedtoone'slifestyle.C．Personalityplaysadecisiveroleinhowhealthyoneis.D．Longevityresultsfromacombinationofmentalandphysicalhealth.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn'tjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.”可知，長壽不僅與一個人的身體健康有關(guān)，而且與其心理健康也有很大關(guān)系，故選D。moderateadj.適度的；溫和的characteristicsn.特點；特征evolutionaryadj.進(jìn)化的第二段第五句：Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined,forinstance,werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.譯文：比如，那些更自律的人也不再被認(rèn)為可以活得更久。分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾those，forinstance作插入語。Ⅱ.語法填空Goodnewsforthemasses!NewresearchfromStockholmUniversityshowsthatsleepinginontheweekendis__1__(actual)veryhealthy!A13-yearstudythatfollowedthesleepinghabitsof43,880people__2__(find)thatforwhoeverlackssleepduringtheworkweek,sleepinginontheweekendscan,infact,be__3__(benefit)．Theresearch,__4__(publish)intheJournalofSleepResearch,showsthatthose__5__eitherdon'tgetenoughsleepduringtheweek__6__don'tcompensateforitontheweekendhada52percentincreasedrateofdeath.However,thisisonlytrueofmiddle-agedadultsandadolescents.For__7__(senior),thestudydidnotfindtheilleffectsoflackofsleeptobetrue.Thebestthingwecandoforourhealthistosleep7－8hoursanight.However,basedontheKarolinskaInstitute'snewstudy,whenafull__8__(night)sleepisnotanoption,__9__(compensate)onothernightswill,infact,benefityou.Gettingadequatesleepisassociatedwithalotofhealthbenefits.Sogoaheadandturnyouralarmclockoffthisweekend,younowhaveagreatexcuse__10__thatextrashut-eye.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)周末睡懶覺對身體有好處，建議我們周末可以多睡一會兒。1．a(chǎn)ctually考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。用副詞actually修飾后面的形容詞veryhealthy。2．finds考查主謂一致和動詞的時態(tài)。該句主語是A13-yearstudy，是第三人稱單數(shù)；同時陳述客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時。3．beneficial考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)句意可知，此處在be動詞后，用形容詞作表語。4．published考查非謂語動詞。此處表示發(fā)表在一本雜志上的研究成果，表示被動意義，所以用過去分詞作后置定語。5．who考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞是those，指代人，定語從句中缺少主語，所以用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。6．or考查固定搭配。either...or...是固定搭配，意為“或者……或者……”。7．seniors考查名詞。與前面的名詞“middle-agedadultsandadolescents”相對應(yīng)，所以用復(fù)數(shù)。8．night's考查名詞。afullnight'ssleep“一整晚的睡眠”。9．compensating考查非謂語動詞。compensatingonothernights在句中是動名詞短語用作主語。10．for考查介詞。此處表示對于多睡一會兒你有相當(dāng)充分的理由。excusefor...“……的理由”。Ⅲ.短文改錯Lastsummer,myparentstoldmetovisitmygrandparentsinfarawayvillage.IagreedunwillinglybecauseinmymemorythevillagewassodirtythatIreallydidn'twanttogohere.ButIhaveto.After5hoursdrive,wearrivedatthedestination.Tomysurprise,whenIgotoffthecarIhardlyrecognizeditbecausetheroadwassoclean.Theairwasfreshthanthatinmycity.Thenwefoundourselvessurroundingbyagroupofmygrandparents'friendlyneighbours,welcomingthembackhome.IthoughtthatwhenIgraduatedfromcollege,Iwouldtobuildanursinghomeinsuchabeautifulvillage,whichtheelderlycouldbetakengoodcarefor.答案：Lastsummer,myparentstoldmetovisitmygrandparentsineq\o(∧,\s\do15(①a))farawayvillage.IagreedunwillinglyasinmymemorythevillagewassodirtythatIreallydidn'twanttogoeq\o(here,\s\do15(②there)).ButIeq\o(have,\s\do15(③had))to.After5eq\o(hours,\s\do15(④hours'))drive,wearrivedatthedestination.Tomysurprise,whenIgotoffthecarIhardlyrecognizeditbecausetheroadwassoclean.Theairwaseq\o(fresh,\s\do15(⑤fresher))thanthatinmycity.Thenwefoundourselveseq\o(surrounding,\s\do15(⑥surrounded))byagroupofmygrandparents'friendlyneighbours,welcomingeq\o(them,\s\do15(⑦us))backhome.IthoughtthatwhenIgraduatedfromcollege,Iwouldeq\o(eq\o(to,＼),\s\do15(⑧))buildanursinghomeinsuchabeautifulvillage,eq\o(∧,\s\do15(⑨in))eq\o(which,\s\do15(where))theelderlycouldbetakengoodcareeq\o(for,\s\do15(⑩of)).1.faraway前加a考查冠詞。village是可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指“一個遙遠(yuǎn)的鄉(xiāng)村”，前面用不定冠詞a。2.here→there考查副詞。表示去另外一個地方用there。3.have→had考查動詞的時態(tài)。描述過去的事情，用一般過去時。4.hours→hours'考查名詞。作定語修飾后面的名詞drive，要用名詞所有格。5.fresh→fresher考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)than可知要用比較級。6.surrounding→surrounded考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“我們被圍住”，為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。7.them→us考查代詞。此處指代的是我和父母，故用us。8.去掉to考查情態(tài)動詞。would后面直接跟動詞原形。9.which→where或在which前加in考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句中不缺少主語或賓語，先行詞是指代地點的名詞，所以用where或者inwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句。10.for→of考查介詞。takecareof“關(guān)心，照料”，是固定短語。Ⅳ.書面表達(dá)假如你是李華，你的英國筆友Jerry對中國文化很感興趣，詢問你假期是否有相關(guān)安排。請寫信告訴他，除了完成作業(yè)，你打算參加太極(T'aiChi)俱樂部。內(nèi)容包括：1.假期安排；2.參加俱樂部的原因；3.邀請加入。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim，