牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)AUnitGrammar課件(共張)

OxfordTranslatedForestEnglishAunitGrammarcourREPORTING目錄introductionClassificationofNounsTypesandFormsofVerbsTheusageofadjectivesandadverbsTheusageofprepositionsandconjunctionsSentencestructureandtypesSummarizationandReviewPART01introductionREPORTINGThiscourseisdesignedtointroducestudentstothebasicgrammarstructuresandrulesofEnglish,withafocusontranslatedforestEnglish.ItprovidesasolidfoundationforfurtherexplorationanddevelopmentofEnglishgrammarskills.Thecourseadoptsapracticalandinteractiveapproach,incorporatingavarietyofexamples,exercises,andreal-lifescenariostoenhanceunderstandingandretention.CourseIntroductionStudentswilllearntoidentifyandanalyzebasicgrammarstructuresinEnglish.Theywilldeveloptheabilitytoapplygrammarrulescorrectlyinwrittenandspokencommunication.Bytheendofthecourse,studentswillhaveabetterunderstandingofEnglishgrammarandwillbeabletocommunicatemoreeffectivelyinEnglish.LearningobjectivesPART02ClassificationofNounsREPORTINGPropernounsarenamesofspecificindividuals,places,orthings,suchas"John"or"Paris".Propernounsarealwayscapitalized.ProperterminologyCommonnounsarenamesthatcanapplytomultipleindividuals,places,orthings,suchas"cat"or"tree".Commonnounsarenotcapitalizedunlesstheyarethefirstwordofasentenceorunlesstheyarepartofapropername.Commonnoun0102AbstractnounsandconcretenounsConcretenounsarenamesofphysicalobjectsorentities,suchas"table"or"person".Abstractnounsarenamesofabstractideasorconcepts,suchas"happiness"or"love".CountableanduncountablenounsCountablenounsarenounsthatcanbecounted,suchas"apple"or"cat".Uncountablenounsarenounsthatcannotbecounted,suchas"milk"or"bread".PART03TypesandFormsofVerbsREPORTING定義動(dòng)詞的基本形式，也稱為詞典形式或原形，是動(dòng)詞最基本的形式，用于表示動(dòng)詞的基本意義。例子run、eat、write、readThebasicformofverbs動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)等。定義Irun(現(xiàn)在時(shí))、Iran(過(guò)去時(shí))、Iwillrun(將來(lái)時(shí))例子Thetenseofverbs動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系，分為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Thebookiswrittenbytheauthor(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))、Theauthorwritesthebook(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Thevoiceofverbs例子定義Modalverbs定義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣和態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞，如can、could、may、might等。例子Icanrun、Imightwrite、YoushouldreadthisbookPART04TheusageofadjectivesandadverbsREPORTINGTheUsageofAdjectivesDescriptionofnouns:Adjectivesareusedtodescribeormodifynouns.Theycanprovideinformationaboutthecharacteristics,appearance,orotherattributesofthenoun.Positioninthesentence:Adjectivescanappearbeforeorafterthenoun,buttherearecertainrulesandexceptionstothisrule.Forexample,opinionadjectives(suchas"beautiful"or"ugly")areoftenplacedbeforethenoun,whiledescriptiveadjectives(suchas"big"or"tall")areoftenplacedafterthenoun.Comparison:Adjectivescanbeusedincomparisontoshowacontrastorsimilaritybetweentwoormorethings.Thisisdonebyusingthecomparativeandsuperlativeformsofadjectives.Descriptionofverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs:Adverbsareusedtomodifythemeaningofverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.Theyprovideadditionalinformationaboutthemanner,intensity,orotheraspectsoftheverb,adjective,orotheradverb.Positioninthesentence:Adverbscanappearbeforeoraftertheverb,adjective,orotheradverbtheyaremodifying.Thepositionoftheadverbcanchangetheemphasisorclarifythemeaningofthesentence.Typesofadverbs:Therearemanydifferenttypesofadverbs,includingthosethatmodifyverbs(suchas"quickly"or"slowly"),adjectives(suchas"extremely"or"slightly"),andotheradverbs(suchas"fortunately"or"unfortunately").TheUsageofAdverbsComparativeformThecomparativeformofanadjectiveoradverbisusedtocomparetwothingsorpeople.Itisformedbyadding"-er"totheendoftheadjectiveoradverb(e.g.,"bigger,""faster").SuperlativeformThesuperlativeformofanadjectiveoradverbisusedtoshowthatsomethingisthebestofagrouporclass.Itisformedbyadding"-est"totheendoftheadjectiveoradverb(e.g.,"biggest,""fastest").IrregularformsSomeadjectivesandadverbshaveirregularcomparativeandsuperlativeforms.Theseneedtobememorizedandusedappropriatelyincontext.ThecomparativeandsuperlativeformsofadjectivesandadverbsPART05TheusageofprepositionsandconjunctionsREPORTING01Prepositionsthatindicatelocation:"in","on","by","with"02"Thebookisonthetable."03"Sheissittingbythewindow."04Prepositionsoftime:"at","in","on","before","after"05"Iarriveat8o'clock."06"Themeetingstartsat2pm."TheusageofprepositionsTheusageofconjunctionsCoordinatingconjunctions:"and","or","but""Doyouwantcoffeeortea?""IgotobedearlybecauseIamtired.""Shelikesapplesandbananas."Subordinatingconjunctions:"because","when","if""Callmewhenyouarrive."SelectingappropriateprepositionsbasedoncontextPrepositionscanchangethemeaningofasentence.Forexample,"Thebookisonthetable"meansthebookislocatedontopofthetable,while"Thebookisinthetable"meansthebookisinsideatable.要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二Understandingthefunction…Coordinatingconjunctionsareusedtolinktwoindependentclauses,whilesubordinatingconjunctionsintroducedependentclauses.Forexample,"Shelikesapplesandbananas"(coordinatingconjunction)and"Iwillgoifyouwant"(subordinatingconjunction).TheselectionanduseofprepositionsandconjunctionsPART06SentencestructureandtypesREPORTINGSimplesentencesconsistofasubjectandapredicate.Theyexpressacompletethoughtandcontainonlyonemainidea.Simplesentencesarethebuildingblocksofmorecomplexsentencestructures.Simplesentences

CompoundsentencesCompoundsentencesaremadeupoftwoormoresimplesentences.Theyarejoinedtogetherusingacoordinatingconjunction(e.g.,"and","but","or").Compoundsentencesprovidemoredetailedinformationandcanbebrokendownintoindividualsimplesentences.Complexsentencesoftenusesubordinatingconjunctions(e.g.,"because","when","if")tolinktheindependentanddependentclauses.Complexsentencescontainanindependentclauseandatleastonedependentclause.Dependentclausescanfunctionasthesubject,predicate,orcomplementofthesentence.ComplexsentencesPART07SummarizationandReviewREPORTINGSummarizethekeypointsandconceptscoveredinthisunit,includinggrammarrules,vocabulary,andsentencestructures.KeyPointsHighlightthemostimportantvocabularywordsandphrasesfromthisunit,includingtheirmeanings,examples,andusage.KeyVocabularyExplainandprovideexamplesofthekeysentencestructurescoveredinthisunit,focusingontheirusageandpurpose.KeySentenceStructuresKeyreviewofthisunitPracticeExercisesProvideavarietyofpra