工商管理專業(yè)英語及工商管理專業(yè)英語詞匯

臨沂師范學(xué)院工商管理專業(yè)英語詞匯PAGEPAGE51工商管理專業(yè)英語重點一．名詞解釋：1.whatisamanager?答：Amanagerisapersonwhoplans,organizes,directs,andcontrolstheallocationofhuman,material,financial,andinformationresourcesinpursuitoftheorganization’sgoals.2.Whatisthedifferencebetweenmiddlemanagersandfirst-linemanagers?答：Theheavieremphasisonmanaginggroupperformanceandallocatingresourcesrepresentthemostimportantdifferencesbetweenfirst-lineangmiddlemanagers.3.Howcanyoucharacterizetop-managers’work?答：Topmanagersspendmostoftheirday(over75percent)planningandleading.pressuresanddemandsontopmanagerscanbeintense.4.Whatistheoneofnaturaloutcomesofoutsourcing?答：Modularcorporationscomeintobeing.二．選詞填空1.Adrianwasinchargeoftheallocationofavailablefunds.2.Ourfirmisorientedtowardstheexportsideofthebusiness.3.Theon-timedeliveryofgoodsisrequiredinthecontract.4.Thegraphicdisplayswillbehelofultoillustratetheincreaseoftheoutput.5.Companiescannotsurvivefiercecompetitionwithoutinnovativepersonnels.6.Keepingtheaccountsispartandparcelofmyjob.7.TheCEOandotherhigh-levelexecutivesareoftenreferredtoastopmanagement.8.Thetasksthatmanagersdoincludeplanning,organizing,leading,andcontrollingtheworkofanorganization.9.Functionalmanagerssuperviseemployeeshavingexpertiseinonearea,suchasaccounting,humanresources,sales,finance,marketing,orproduction.10.generalmanagersareresponsiblefortheoperationsofamorecomplexunit,suchasacompanyoradivision.11.Hecarriedoutanumberoffraudsontrustingpeoplewholenthimmoney..12.Hewouldnothavesucceededinsuchariskybusinessifhehadnotbeensuchacleverentrepreneur.13.Theycouldnottellthecommcndingofficerfromhissubordinates.14.Thetwooldrivalsvieforthefristplace.15.Somepeoplecannotbetrustedtoworkwihoutsupervision.16.Halfofthemedicalsupplieshavealreadybeenallocatedtothevictimsoftheearthquake.17.Canyoudifferentiatethiskindofrosefromtheothers?18.Thefactoryhaslaidoffworkersbecauseofthedropinsales.19.Theywereblamefortheirfailuretoholddownexpenditure.20.Thecompanyhasslashedthecostsoftheprojectinordertoseizethelastchancetosurvive.21.Thecompanyistryingtodiversifyitsrangeofproductssothattheycangetmoremarketshares.22.Mr.Blackrealizedthathiscompanywasindirestraitsanditwentbeyondhimtodealwiththewholesituation.23.Tom,mynextdoorneighbor,isexemptformmilitaryservicebecauseofhispoorhealth.24.Withtheeconomicenvironmentimproved,hiscompany’ssaleinthatareaisgettinglesssusceptibletothecrisis.25.Mr.Whitedeclaredthathewasnotliableforhispartner’sdebts.26.Theemployeessuedtheirmanagerforbreachofcontract.27.Ifwecannotkeeponholdingtheedgeintheservices,we’llloseourshareinmarket.28.Nowadays,themanufacturingindustrycannotmakedowithoutservices.29.Tomergeornottomerge—that’sthequestion.Theboardofthecompanyhasdeferredthedecisiontodoit.30.Acountry’sinfrastructureservicesmustdevelopwithitseconomicgrowthbecausenoadvancedsocietycanbewithouttheseservices.31.三．翻譯英譯漢：1.Sometimes,though,afirst-linemanagerisarecentcollegegraduatewhoisresponsiblefortheworkofbothhourlyemployeesandprofessionals.Suchafirst-linemanagerislikelytohavelittlehands-onexperience.Lackofexperienceisn’taproblemifthenewmanageriswillingtolearnandhasthecompetencetocommunicatewithdiversetypesofpeople,tocoachandcounselsubordinates,andtoprovideconstructiveconstructivefeedback.答;然而有時一個第一線經(jīng)理是新來的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生，負(fù)責(zé)管理計時雇員和專業(yè)人員的工作。這樣的第一線經(jīng)理可能很少有親身的經(jīng)驗。缺少經(jīng)驗不一定是麻煩，但這要求新經(jīng)理樂于學(xué)習(xí)，并且有能力和不同類型的人打交道，培訓(xùn)和指導(dǎo)下屬，并提供建設(shè)性的反饋。2.managersandacquisitions兼并與收購3.corporaterestructuring公司重組4.downsizing縮編5.outsourcingdecision外包決策6.modularcorporation組件公司7.unitcostofproduction單位生產(chǎn)成本8.strategicalliance戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟9.overhead管理費用10.competitiveadvantage競爭優(yōu)勢11.networkformoforganization網(wǎng)絡(luò)型組織（結(jié)構(gòu)）漢譯英社團community2.首席執(zhí)行官chiefexecutiveofficer3.常務(wù)董事managingdirector4.流行價格prevailingprice5.監(jiān)督員supervisor6.市場份額marketshare7.計算機程序員computerprogrammer8.管理能力managerialcompetency9.保險業(yè)務(wù)員insuranceagent10.資源配置allocationofresources11.新聞廣播員newscaster12.任務(wù)小組taskforce13.銷售合作人salesassociate14.收入，稅收revenue15.管理，管理人員management16.工作框架worksetting17.電話營銷中心telemarketingcenter18.顧客投訴customercomplaint19.業(yè)績評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)evaluationcriteriaforperformance20.具體運作計劃specificoperationalplans21.分派權(quán)力與責(zé)任delegateauthorityandresponsibility22.協(xié)調(diào)進(jìn)度與資源coordinateschedulesandresources23.商務(wù)合作人businessassociate24.財務(wù)崩潰financialdebacle25.刺激業(yè)務(wù)增長spurthegrowthofthebusiness26.監(jiān)督現(xiàn)場工作superviseon-sitework27.生物芯片混合了計算機技術(shù)和生物科學(xué)，是通過新網(wǎng)絡(luò)企業(yè)創(chuàng)造的最令人興奮的產(chǎn)品中的一種。利用計算機能力的優(yōu)越來處理大量的信息，生物芯片被開發(fā)用來掃描人的基因構(gòu)成和分析與各種基因轉(zhuǎn)換疾病相關(guān)的風(fēng)險。Biochips,whichblendcompanytechnologywithbiologicalscience,areamongthemostexcitingproductsbeingcreatedthroughnewnetworkorganizations.Takingadvantageofacomputer’sabilitytoprocessmassiveamountsofinformation,biochipsarebeingdevelopedtoscanpeople’sgeneticmakeupsandanalyzerisksassociatedwithvariousgeneticallytransmitteddiseases.28.世界經(jīng)濟aglobaleconomy29.經(jīng)濟模式theeconomicmodel30.工業(yè)化經(jīng)濟anindustrializedeconomy31.自給自足self-sufficient32.銀行業(yè)abankingindustry33.提高生活質(zhì)量enhancethequalityoflife34.經(jīng)濟活動的核心thehub/heartofeconomicactivity35.商務(wù)服務(wù)業(yè)businessservices36.銷售服務(wù)業(yè)tradeservices37.基礎(chǔ)實施服務(wù)業(yè)infrastructureservices38.社會服務(wù)業(yè)social/personalservices39.公共管理服務(wù)業(yè)publicservices40.電子零售業(yè)electronicretailing41.商店結(jié)賬終端point-of-saleterminal42。公司總部corporateheadquarters43.財務(wù)收益、盈利financialrewards44.多種形式服務(wù)anassortmentofservices45.分銷、銷售渠道distributionchannel46.建筑承包商buildingcontractors47.運輸成本transportationcosts48.非商店零售non-storeretailsales49.商品直銷thedirectsalesofthemerchandise50.縱向整合verticalintegration51.目標(biāo)銷售catalogsales52.年銷售額annualsales53.零售貿(mào)易retailtrades54.（備有）現(xiàn)貨productsavailable55.Consumersaremoreandmoreknowledgeabledemandingbettervalueandservice.(消費者越來越會買東西)56.Retailingisbecomingahigh-techbusiness.(正在變成一種高科技企業(yè))57.Computerprogramsanalyzethedataandthenautomaticallytransmitorderstotheretailers.(分析數(shù)據(jù)并自動把定貨指令傳給零售商)58.Retailmanagersmustmakecomplexdecisionsinselectingtargetmarkets,locatingstores,determiningwhatmerchandiseandservicetooffer.(選擇目標(biāo)市場，確定店址，決定提供何種商品和服務(wù))59.Dellcomputerviewsdirect-mailretailingskillsasthekeytoitssuccess.(把直接郵購零售技術(shù)視為其成功的關(guān)鍵)四、判斷正誤1、Amanagerisapersonwhoplans,organizes,directs,andcontrolstheallocationofhuman,material,financial,andinformationresourcesinpursuitofthemanager’sindividualgoals.(F)2.Whileachievingtheorganizationalgoals,managersmustperformmoretasksbythemselves.(F)3.Effectivemanagersmustpayattentiontowhatgoesonbothinsideandoutsidetheirorganizations.(T)4.Thejobofmanagersistohelptheorganizationsachievespecificgoals,butusuallytheydonotcreateanygoals.(F)5.Inasmallorgain,nization,thereisusuallyonlyonelevelofmanagement.Asanorganizationgrows,morelevelsofmanagementareneeded.(T)6.Middlemanagersreceivebroad,generalstrategiesandpoliciesfromtopmanagersandtranslatethemintospecificgoalsandplansforfirst-linemanagerstoimplement.(T)7.Topmanagersareresponsiblefordirectingandcooedinatingtheactivitiesoffirst-linemanagersandmiddlemanagers.(F)8.Middlemanagersspendmoretimeonplanningandorganizingthanfirst-linemanagers.(F)9，Awholesaleristhefinalbusinessinadistributionchannelthatlinksmanufactureerswithconsumers.(F)10.Breakingbulkistokeepinventorysothatproductswillbeavailablewhenconsumerswantthem.(F)11,Verticalintegrationmeansthatafirmpreformsonlyonelevelofactivitybutorganizingtheotherfirmsinthedisyributionchannel.(F)12.Retailingisoneofthenation’slargestinduetriesintermsofemployment.(T)13.relationship-orientedleadersaremoreeffectivewhenthesituationishighlyunfavourable.(F)14.thesetofformaltasksandformalreportingrelationshipprovidesaframeworkforhorizoncontroloftheorganization.(F)15.unityofcommandmeansthateachemployeeisheldaccountabletonotonlyonesupervisor.(F)16.staffauthoritymeansthatpeopleinmanagementpositionshaveformalauthoritytodirectandcontrolimmediatesubordinates.(F)17.decentralizationmeansthatdecisionauthorityitlocatednearthetopoftheorganization.(F)第六章選詞1.Astopmanagerofthecompany,ifyoudonotassignline-managers’responsibilitytotheplan,youwillreachnogoal.2.Theinspectorwasinterestedinereythingpertainingtoqualityappraisal.3.Oneofthemostimportantpointstomakeachievementsinbusinessistoenergizefront-lineworkers.目標(biāo)管理managementbyobjectives一次性計劃asingle-useplan常備計劃astandingplan應(yīng)變計劃acontingencyplan企業(yè)目標(biāo)corporategoals計劃時間范圍planningtimehorizon業(yè)績評估系統(tǒng)performanceappraisalsystem應(yīng)急預(yù)算emergencybudget靈活性與適應(yīng)性flexibilityandadaptability安全認(rèn)定系統(tǒng)systemofsafetyrecognition基層部門監(jiān)督者linesupervisor表彰信aletterofcommendation英譯developmentanaction制定行動計劃developsafetytrainingsession開安全生產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)課/辦····班developalineofthought展開思路developfront-lineemployees培養(yǎng)一線工人developaninterestinmanagement對管理產(chǎn)生developthenationaleconomy發(fā)展國民經(jīng)濟developthecompany’sbusiness擴展公司業(yè)務(wù)developone’sidea（詳細(xì)）闡述觀點developanewdevice研制一個新裝置developtheregioninthewestChina開發(fā)建設(shè)中國西部地區(qū)第七章填詞Thesubordinatesrefusedtocomplywiththemanager’sdemandbecauseit’snotatallpractical。Agoodmanagerispersonwhocanharnessindividualtalentstoacommonend。Noonecanmakethebusinessgosmoothonlybyissuingorders。Anunbrokenlineofauthoritythatlinksallindividualsintheorganizationandspecifieswhoreportstowhomisnamedaschainofcommand。Delegationistheprocessmanagersusetotransferauthorityandresponsibilitytopositionsbelowtheminthehierarchy。Tallstructureisakindofmanagementstructercharacterizedbyanoverallnarrowspanofmanagementandarelativelylargenumberofhierarchicallevels。Flatstructerisamanagementstructurecharacterigedbyanoverallbroadspanofcontrolandrelativelysewhierarchicallevels。Formalizationisthewrittendocumentationusedtodirectandcontrolemployees。英譯漢Deployresources有效的使用資源hierarchicallevels層級spanofmanagers’control經(jīng)理的管理職權(quán)范圍effectivecoordination有效的協(xié)調(diào)verticalcontroloftheorganization組織機構(gòu)的縱向管理anautomobileassemblyline汽車組裝(流水)線chainofcommand指令鏈delegateauthority分權(quán)meetcustomers’needs滿足消費者的需求linedepartment業(yè)務(wù)部門staffdepartment職能部門issueorders發(fā)布命令第八章填詞Subordinatesshouldhavesomesayinthemanagementofthebusiness。TheemployeesinJack’scompanyhaveregularaccesstothebosstoairtheiropinions。Participatorydemocracyissomethingthatsubordinatesenjoyinmanagementdecision-making。英譯漢Positionpower職位權(quán)利legitimatepower法理權(quán)利rewardpower獎賞權(quán)利coercivepower懲罰權(quán)利personalpower個性化權(quán)利expertpower專業(yè)技能權(quán)利referentpower稟性相關(guān)權(quán)利charismaticleadership個人魅力型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)autocraticleader獨斷/專斷型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)democraticleader民主型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)authoritarianmanagement極權(quán)型管理centralizeauthority集權(quán)第十四章漢譯英1市場營銷組合marketingmix市場細(xì)分研究segmentationresearch市場導(dǎo)向marketingorientation目標(biāo)市場targetmarketing描述功能descriptivefunction診斷功能diagnosticfunction預(yù)測功能predictivefunction生產(chǎn)導(dǎo)向活動production-orientedexercises前控管理proactivemanagement后控管理reactivemanagement市場信息反饋過程marketingintelligencefeedbackprocess市場營銷系統(tǒng)marketingsystemIftheywanttheirbusinesstorunwell,managersshoulddevelopalong-runmarketingstrategy。（制定長期市場營銷策略）Someorganizationhaven’tconductedmuchmarketingresearch，whichcausesthemlosethemarketshare。（失去市場份額）Heavycouponusersaremostlikelytoredeemthecoupons.（用贈券兌換產(chǎn)品）Thecompanieswhoincreasetheirmarketsharearethosewhoarereallyunderstandandmeetconsumers’need.(了解并滿足消費者需求)Itmakesmuchdifferenceforafirmtoimprovethebottomline.(改善盈利狀況)填詞threeyearsago，theboardofdirectorsmadethatdecisiontocomputerizethewholecompanyincludingallthebranches。Andnowthisispayingdividendthemarketingresearchenablesthefirmtomaketheirpromotionmoreefficientandtheirconsumersmoreacquaintedwiththebrands，retailoutlets,etc.AsCEO,Mr.Smithalwaysignoresthesideissuesandaddresseshimselftothemainproblemsinmanagement。Mr.Carteralwaystakesapragmaticapproachtoproblems.That’stheveryreasonwhyhewasappointedtothepostofsalesdirector.判斷Marketresearchistheprimarytoolforexploringnewopportunitiesinthemarketplace.(T)Todescribethehistoricalestrendandconsumers’attitudestowardaproductanditsadvertisingisthediagnosticfunctionofmarketingresearch.(F)Feworganizationwillprosperintoday’senvironmentwithoutafocusonquality，continualimprovement，andcustomersatisfaction.(T)Steadycustomersarehardtoservebecausetheyunderstandthemodusoperandiandmakefewerdemandsonemployees’time.(F)Appliedresearchhopestoprovidefurtherconfirmationtoanexistingtheoryortolearnmoreaboutaconceptorphenomenon.（F）第十五章漢譯英人力資源管理humanresourcemanagement競爭優(yōu)勢competitiveadvantage員工投訴系統(tǒng)employeegrievancesystem達(dá)到企業(yè)目標(biāo)meettheorganization’sobjective全權(quán)負(fù)責(zé)havesoleresponsibilityfor業(yè)績評估體系performanceappraisalsystem招聘與篩選recruitmentandselection靈活工作時間制flexiblescheduling成本有效性costeffectiveness成本領(lǐng)先戰(zhàn)略costleadershipstrategy產(chǎn)品差別化productdifferentiation崗位培訓(xùn)on-the-jobtraining紀(jì)律執(zhí)行程序disciplinaryprocedures激勵計劃incentiveplan填詞AnHRprofessionalplaysaroleinestablishingNRMprocedures,developing|choosingHRMmethods,monitoring|evaluatingHRMpracticesandadvising|assistingmanagersonHRM-relatedmatters.Anorganizationmustgainandmaintainanedgeoveritscompetitorinordertosucceed.Linemanagermightdosomethinglikeinterviewingjobapplicants,recommendingsalaryincreasesandsettlinggrievanceissues.Productdifferentiationoccurswhenafirmproducesaproductorserviceispreferredbybuyers.工商管理專業(yè)英語詞匯手冊商學(xué)院2009年1月目錄管理學(xué)…………………3組織行為學(xué)……………5市場營銷學(xué)……………11經(jīng)濟學(xué)…………………28商務(wù)談判………………34財務(wù)管理………………40質(zhì)量管理………………47管理學(xué)absenteeism缺勤率achievement-orientedleadership成就取向型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)acquisition購買adaptability適應(yīng)性administrativeability行政管理能力administrator行政人員advancedtechnology先進(jìn)技術(shù)affection情感affiliationneeds

歸屬的需要affiliation歸屬aggressiveness進(jìn)取性antagonism敵對appraisaltool評價工具appraisal鑒定approvalprocedure批準(zhǔn)程序

approval批準(zhǔn)aspiration抱負(fù)assessment評估attitude態(tài)度authority職權(quán)autocraticleader專制式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)balancesheet資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表behaviorscience行為科學(xué)behavior表現(xiàn)boardofdirector董事會bonus獎金budget預(yù)算businessethicscompetitiveprice有競爭力的價格business商業(yè)capacitytoproduce生產(chǎn)能力capitaloutlay資本支出capitalshortage資金短缺

cashflow現(xiàn)金流量cashposition現(xiàn)金狀況companyimage公司形象

company公司compensation報酬

controlling控制confidence信心conflictofinterests利益沖突conflict沖突conglomerateresource大型聯(lián)合企業(yè)資源consistencystrategy應(yīng)變策略consistency一致性

controldevice控制手段coordinate協(xié)調(diào)counselor顧問customerservicestrategy顧客服務(wù)策略delegationofauthority授權(quán)democraticleader民主式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)demographicfactor人口因素derivativepolicy派生政策desire欲望deviation偏差devotion奉獻(xiàn)discretion靈活性diversification多種經(jīng)營dividend股息divisiongeneralmanager分公司總經(jīng)理dynamic動態(tài)的eclectic折中economicsystem經(jīng)濟體系

effectiveness效果

efficiency效率endresult最終結(jié)果enterprise企業(yè)enthusiasm熱情entrepreneur企業(yè)家equipment設(shè)備esteemneeds尊敬的需要esteem尊敬expenseaccount開支帳戶externalenvironment外部環(huán)境feasibility可行性

feedback反饋flexible靈活的followership追隨franchise特許經(jīng)營free-reinleader自由放任式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)generalmanager總經(jīng)理geographicfactor地理因素

groupobjective集體目標(biāo)

growthgoal增長目標(biāo)humaninput人力投入humanrelation人際關(guān)系hygienemotivator保健激勵因素individuality個性industry產(chǎn)業(yè)ingredient要素innovation創(chuàng)新inspectionrecord檢驗記錄inspire鼓舞instrumentalleadership

指導(dǎo)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)intelligence智力internalenvironment內(nèi)部環(huán)境interpersonalskills人際交往能力inventory

存貨jointventure

合資企業(yè)labordispute勞資糾紛labor-hour工時latitude自主權(quán)l(xiāng)aw法律layoff解雇

leaderbehavior領(lǐng)導(dǎo)行為leading領(lǐng)導(dǎo)liquidationstrategy

破產(chǎn)政策loyalty忠誠machine-hour機時machinery機器maintenance維持majordecision主要決定managementbyobjectives目標(biāo)管理managerialdecision管理決策商業(yè)道德managerialfunction管理職能manager經(jīng)理marketshare市場占有率meritsystem考績制度mission/objective目標(biāo)

modernoperationalmanagement現(xiàn)代經(jīng)營管理morale士氣motivate激勵motivationaltechniques激勵方法motivation激勵needsforself-actualization自我實現(xiàn)的需要obedience服從opportunity機會optimistic樂觀的organizationalculture組織文化organizing組織overallbudget總預(yù)算participativeleadership參與型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)payroll工資表performance業(yè)績performance業(yè)績

personalinterest個人利益persistence毅力personalresponsibility個人責(zé)任personalworth個人價值personality性格pervasivenessfear普遍性憂慮pessimistic悲觀的physiologicalneeds生理的需要planning計劃

power權(quán)利policy政策portfoliomatrix資產(chǎn)組合距陣practitioner實際工作者prejudice偏見pressure

壓力primacy領(lǐng)先性principle原理priority優(yōu)先probability概率procedure程序process步驟procurement采購productivity生產(chǎn)率productivity生產(chǎn)率product產(chǎn)品productline產(chǎn)品系列profitability利潤率

publicresponsibility社會責(zé)任profit利潤promotion晉升program規(guī)劃proprietaryproduct專利產(chǎn)品psychology心理學(xué)publicrelation公共關(guān)系qualityofproducts產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量quantitativeobjective定量目標(biāo)定性目標(biāo)recordoflabor-hourslost誤工記錄recruit招聘regulation法規(guī)reinforcementtheory強化理論resentment忿恨r(nóng)esistance抵制responsibility職責(zé)retail零售retrenchmentstrategy緊縮政策returnoninvestment投資回報review審查reward獎勵rival競爭對手rule規(guī)則safety安全salesvolume銷售量

satisfaction滿意satisfaction滿足scientificmanagement科學(xué)管理

staffing人事

supervisor主管人員securityneeds安全的需要select

選拔self-actualization自我實現(xiàn)service服務(wù)sickleave病假sizeoftheorganization組織規(guī)模static靜止的status地位stockoption股票期權(quán)strength優(yōu)勢structure結(jié)構(gòu)style作風(fēng)subconscious潛意識subordinate下級supplier供貨商supportiveleadership支持型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)surplus盈余synergy共同作用tactics戰(zhàn)術(shù)taxrate稅收率technique方法thecommitmentprinciple投入原則thecontingencyapproach隨機制宜法thecooperativesocialsystemsapproach協(xié)作社會系統(tǒng)法thedecisiontheoryapproach決策理論法

theempiricalapproach經(jīng)驗法thegroupbehaviorapproach集體行為法theinterpersonalbehaviorapproach人際行為法

themathematicalapproach數(shù)學(xué)法themanagerialgrid管理方格圖themanagerialrolesapproach管理任務(wù)法

theoperationalapproach經(jīng)營法thesocial-technicalsystemsapproach社會技術(shù)系統(tǒng)法thesystemsapproach系統(tǒng)法

threat威脅train培訓(xùn)trait品質(zhì)turnover人員流動vacation休假value價值vendor小販

wagerate工資率weakness弱點welfare福利wholesale批發(fā)workefficiency工作效率zeal熱誠組織行為學(xué)absences缺勤achievementmotivation成就動機

acquiredimmunedeficiencysyndrome(aids)愛滋病

actionresearch行動研究activelistening主動的傾聽

adultegostate)成人自我心態(tài)

affiliationmotivation親和動機affirmativeaction認(rèn)可性行動alienation疏離appraisalinterview考評面談areaofjobfreedom工作自由領(lǐng)域assertiveness果斷at-riskpay風(fēng)險工資attitudes態(tài)度attribution歸因

autocraticleaders獨裁型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者

autocraticmodel獨裁模型autonomy自主baselineinformation基準(zhǔn)信息

basesofpower權(quán)力基礎(chǔ)behavioralbias行為偏見behavioralintentions行為意向biofeedback生理反饋

bodylanguage身體語言boundaryroles邊緣角色boundaryspanners邊界人員brainstorming頭腦風(fēng)暴法changeagents變革顧問

changing變革

charisma領(lǐng)導(dǎo)魅力childegostate兒童自我心態(tài)clarifiedthinking澄清思維closed-endquestions封閉式問題closedquestions集中式問題

clusterchain簇式溝通鏈coach教練codetermination協(xié)同決定coercivepower強制性權(quán)力

cognitivedissonance認(rèn)知失調(diào)cohesiveness凝聚力collectivism集體主義

collegialmodel合作模型committee委員會communication溝通communicationoverload溝通過度

communicationprocess溝通過程comparableworth可比較的價值competencemotivation能力動機complementarytransaction互補式交互作用completepayprogram完全工資方案conceptualskills概念技能conditionalstrokes有條件的肯定conflict沖突conformity服從confronting正視consensus一致意見

consideration關(guān)懷consultativemanagement協(xié)商式管理contingencyapproachtoobob的權(quán)變方法contingencymodelofleadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的權(quán)變模型coredimension工作的核心維度correctivediscipline糾正性紀(jì)律cost-benefitanalysis成本收益分析cost-rewardcomparison成本回報比較counseling咨詢服務(wù)counselingfunctions咨詢功能credibilitygap信用差距

cross-culturalcommunication跨文化溝通

crossedtransaction交叉式交互作用culturalcontingency文化權(quán)變

culturaldistance文化距離culturaldiversity文化多樣性culturalempathy文化認(rèn)同culturalshock文化沖擊

custodialmodel監(jiān)護模型

decision-makingmodelofleadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的決策模型defensivereasoning防御型推理deferredjudgment延遲判斷delegation授權(quán)developmentlevel發(fā)展程度devil'sadvocate魔鬼代言人dialecticdecisionmethod(ddm)辯證決策法directivecounseling指導(dǎo)式咨詢discharge解雇discipline紀(jì)律discrimination歧視divisionofwork工作劃分double-looplearning雙回路學(xué)習(xí)downwardcommunication下行溝通drives驅(qū)力

dysfunctionaleffect消極影響ecologicalcontrol生態(tài)控制economicincentivesystem經(jīng)濟刺激系統(tǒng)egostates自我心態(tài)

elaborating夸大electronicbrainstorming電子化頭腦風(fēng)暴法electronicgrapevine電子化的小道消息electronicmail(e-mail)電子郵件electronicmonitoring電子監(jiān)控

emotionalcatharsis感情宣泄employeeassistanceprogram支持員工方案employeeownership員工所有制employeeterritories員工領(lǐng)地employmentenrichment就業(yè)豐富化empowerment授權(quán)enhancersforleadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的放大器enrichedsociotechnicalworksystem豐富的社會技術(shù)工作體系equalemploymentopportunity(eeo)均等就業(yè)機會equalpayactof19631963年公平報酬法案equitysensitivity公平敏感度

equitytheory公平理論

e-r-gmodele-r-g模型escalatingcommitment投入的升級ethicalimperative道德約束ethicalleadership有道德的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

ethicaltreatment有道德的對待ethnocentrism民族優(yōu)越感existenceneeds生存需要expatriates外派人員expectancy期望

expectancymodel期望模型experientiallearning體驗式學(xué)習(xí)expertpower專家性權(quán)力extinction消退

extrinsicmotivators外部激勵因素facesaving維持臉面facilitators協(xié)調(diào)員

factpremises事實前提feedback反饋feedback-seekingbehavior尋求反饋的行為

femininesocieties女性化社會filtering過濾flexibleworkschedule彈性工作時間表followershipskills追隨性技能

formalgroups正式群體free-reinleaders無控制的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者

frustration挫折感functionaleffect有益效果fundamentalattributionbias基本歸因偏差gainsharing收益分享gain-sharingplan收益分享計劃geneticmonitoring基因監(jiān)控genetictesting基因測試geocentricorganizations地球中心組織goalsetting目標(biāo)設(shè)置

goals目標(biāo)

goalsoforganizationalbehavior組織行為的研究目標(biāo)gossipchain流言鏈

grapevine小道消息groupdecisionsupportsystem群體決策支持系統(tǒng)groupdynamics群體動態(tài)性

groupthink群體思維

growthneed成長需要

hawthorneeffect霍桑效應(yīng)hiddenagendas隱蔽的情緒

hierarchyofneeds需要層級highcontextculture高度情境文化higher-orderneeds高級需要holisticob整體obhomeostasis內(nèi)平衡

honestytests誠實測試humanrelations人際關(guān)系humanresourcesapproachtoobｏｂ的人力資源方法humanskill人際技能humanisticvalues人文價值觀hygienefactors保健因素icebergmodelofcounseling冰山咨詢模型impairmenttesting機能損傷測試imposterphenomenon騙子現(xiàn)象impressionmanagement印象管理incentives誘因individualdifferences個體差異individualism個體主義individualization個性化industrialdemocracy企業(yè)民主inference推斷

informalgroups非正式群體informalleader非正式的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者informalorganization非正式組織informationtechnology信息技術(shù)

initiationofaction行為的觸發(fā)

inputs投入instrumentality工具性interventions干預(yù)intrinsicmotivators內(nèi)源性動機因素jobbreadth工作廣度jobcontent工作內(nèi)容jobcontext工作環(huán)境jobdepth工作深度

jobdiagnosticsurvey工作診斷調(diào)查

jobenlargement工作擴大化jobenrichment工作豐富化jobinvolvement工作投入jobrotation工作輪換

jobsatisfaction工作滿意度jobsatisfactionsurvey工作滿意度調(diào)查

jobscope工作范圍just-in-timetraining即時培訓(xùn)kaizen改善lateralcommunication同級溝通lawofdiminishingreturns回報遞減法則lawofeffect效果法則lawofindividualdifferences個體差異性法則layoffsurvivor'ssickness裁員幸存者憂慮癥leader-memberexchangemodel領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者－成員交換模型leader-memberrelations領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者－成員關(guān)系leader-positionpower領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的職位權(quán)力leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

leadershipstyle領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格

learnedhelplessness習(xí)得性無助legitimacyoforganizationalinfluence組織影響的合法性legitimatepower法定性權(quán)力liaisonindividuals傳播小道消息的人

lifeposition人生立場linkingpin聯(lián)結(jié)點locusofcontrol控制點long-termorientation長期取向looserates寬松的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

lowcontextculture低度背景文化lower-orderneeds低級需要macromotivation宏觀激勵managementbyobjectives(mbo)目標(biāo)管理managementbywalkingaround(mbwa)走動式管理managerialgrid管理方格論

manipulationofpeople操縱別人masculinesocieties男性化社會matrixorganization矩陣組織mechanisticorganization機械化的組織mentor輔導(dǎo)員micromotivation微觀激勵middle-managementcommittees中層管理委員會mission使命

modelsofob組織行為模型morale士氣motivatingpotentialscore(mps)激勵潛在指數(shù)動機motivationmotivationalfactors激勵因素multi-skilling多面手multiculturalism多元文化主義multinationalorganizations跨國組織mutualityofinterest互惠利益naturalworkmodule自然工作模塊naturalworkteam自然工作團隊negativereinforcement陰性強化

negativestrokes負(fù)面肯定neighborhoodsofoffices相鄰辦公室network關(guān)系網(wǎng)networkcharts網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖networking組網(wǎng)行為neutralizers緩沖器noise噪音

nominalgroup名義組織nondirectivecounseling非指導(dǎo)式咨詢nonverbalcommunication非語言溝通normofreciprocity互助規(guī)范norms規(guī)范ombudsperson咨詢員open-bookmanagement開放式管理open-doorpolicy開門政策open-endquestions開放式問題openquestions開放問題opensystem開放系統(tǒng)

operantconditioning操作條件作用organicorganizations有機的組織organizationdevelopment(od)組織開發(fā)organizationalbehavior(ob)組織行為學(xué)organizationalbehaviormodification(obmod)組織行為校正organizationalbehaviorsystem組織行為系統(tǒng)organizationalcitizens組織公民organizationalcitizenshipbehavior組織公民的行為organizationalcommitment組織忠誠度organizationalculture組織文化organizationallearningcurveforchange組織變革學(xué)習(xí)曲線organizationalpolitics組織政治organizationalsocialization組織社會化outcomes結(jié)果/產(chǎn)出outputrestriction產(chǎn)出限制overparticipation參與過度paper-and-penciltest紙-筆測驗paradigms范式parentegostate家長式自我心態(tài)parochialism鄉(xiāng)土觀念participation參與participativecounseling參與式咨詢participativeleaders參與型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者participativemanagement參與型管理path-goalleadership路徑－目標(biāo)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)perceivedcontrol知覺到的控制perception知覺perceptualset知覺定式performanceappraisal績效評估performancefeedback績效反饋performancegaps績效偏差performancemonitoring績效監(jiān)視performance-satisfaction-effortloop績效－滿意－努力環(huán)路personalbarriers個人障礙personalpower個性權(quán)力personalwellness個人幸福philosophyofob組織行為哲學(xué)physicalbarriers物理障礙physicalwithdrawal行為退化piecerate計件工資polarization極端化politicalpower政治權(quán)力politics政治

polygraph多導(dǎo)儀positivereinforcement陽性強化positivestrokes正面的肯定

post-traumaticstressdisorder創(chuàng)傷后遺癥power權(quán)力powerdistance權(quán)力距離powermotivation權(quán)力動機practice實踐prejudice偏見preventivediscipline預(yù)防性紀(jì)律primaryneeds基本需要primaryoutcomes首要產(chǎn)出

proactive主動procedure工作程序processconsultation進(jìn)展咨詢productivity勞動生產(chǎn)率profitsharing利潤分享progressivediscipline累進(jìn)式紀(jì)律psychiccosts精神代價psychologicalcontract心理契約psychologi