河南省南陽市六校2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月月考英語試卷答案（含答案解析）

2023年秋期六校第二次聯(lián)考高二年級英語試題(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwasthematterwiththeman?A.Hecoughedbadly.B.Hewassleepy.C.Hewaslateforthemeeting.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afilm.B.Anovel.C.Aforeignlanguage.3.Whowasilllastnight?A.Theman’sfather.B.Theman’sbrother.C.Theman’smother.4.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Customerandshopassistant.5.Howmuchdoesthemanneedtoborrow?A.$2.B.$5.C.$7.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’sthemandoingnow?A.WatchingTV.B.Doinghishomework.C.Listeningtotheradio.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Intheoffice.C.Intheclassroom.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Playfootball.B.Buytickets.C.Watchamatch.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sbrother?A.Heisill.B.Heisbusy.C.Heistired.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whoisinvitedtohavedinnerwiththeman?A.Thewoman.B.Bob’sgirlfriend.C.Alice’sparents.11.Whenwillthemangotothewoman’shouse?A.In15minutes.B.Inhalfanhour.C.Inanhour.12.Whatdoesthemanneedtobuy?A.Coffee.B.Sugar.C.Champagne.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatcanbefoundontheWestern.Hill?A.Wildanimals.B.Wild-flowers.C.Smalllakes.14.WhatwillthemandoontheWesternHill?A.Gofishing.B.Takephotos.C.Goswimming.15.Whydoesthemanchoosetogooutingbybike?A.Tosavemoney.B.Tokeephealthy.C.Toberelaxed.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Getsomefoodfortheouting.B.Listentotheweatherreport.C.Telltheclassmatesabouttheplan.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whereisthesolarpowerplant?A.Inthecornerofthepark.B.Inthecenterofthepark.C.Inthefrontofthepark.18.Whatwill5%ofthemoneyfromtheplantbeusedtodo?A.Developagriculture.B.Provideenoughjobs.C.Helpthepoorpeoplethere.19.Whatkindofcompanieshavestartedoperations?A.Travelcompanies.B.Agriculturalcompanies.C.Industrialcompanies.20.Howmanyfamilieswillthecommunityhold?A.234.B.1,008.C.2,000.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHighSchoolCompetition2023AnnouncementTheCIVICMUSICMKEHighSchoolCompetitionisawell-knownMilwaukeecompetitionforhigh-school-agemusicians.Musicianscompeteforthechancetoperform(表演)ontheShowcasePerformanceandtobeoneoffourmusicianstoreceiveatotalof$1,500inYoungArtistScholarships(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金),andonejazzmusiciantoreceivetheLeeGuseMemorialJazzScholarship.APPLYBY:August15,2023COMPETITIONDAY:October21,2023SHOWCASEPERFORMANCE:December12,2023(MilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter)REQUIREMENTS.?Opentohighschoolsingingandinstrumentalstudentsingrades10-12wholiveinMilwaukee,Ozaukee,Waukesha,WashingtonorRacineCounty.?Fourtosixminutesofperformancetimeisrequired.Thetimerwillstoptheperformeratsixminutes.?Allstudentsareexpectedtoperformwithanaccompanist(伴奏者)andmustprovidetheirown.HOWTOAPPLY:?OnlineapplicationwillbeopenafterJuly31andclosedafterAugust15.?Pleasefeelfreetoemailinfo@civicmusicmilwaukee.orgwithanyquestions.JUDGES(裁判)FORTHE2023COMPETITION:?SINGING:DavidHoffman,WendyRowe?INSTRUMENTAL:PaulHauer,JamesRipley?JAZZ:JohannaBrahm1.Whencanyousignupforthecompetition?A.OnJuly31. B.OnAugust12.C.OnOctober21. D.OnDecember12.2.Whatwilleachofthewinnersget?A.AchancetoperformatMilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter.B.Asix-minutepersonalperformancevideo.C.AplaceatamusicschoolinWashington.D.A$6,000YoungArtistScholarship.3.Whowillbethejudgeoftheinstrumentalgroup?ADavidHoffman. B.WendyRowe.C.JamesRipley. D.JohannaBrahm.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)高中生音樂大賽?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“APPLYBY:August15,2023(申請截止日期：2023年8月15日)”和HOWTOAPPLY部分中的“OnlineapplicationwillbeopenafterJuly31andclosedafterAugust15(網(wǎng)上申請將于7月31日開始，8月15日結(jié)束)”可知，學(xué)生可以在8月12日報(bào)名參加比賽。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“MusicianscompeteforthechancetoperformontheShowcasePerformance以及SHOWCASEPERFORMANCE:December12,2023(MilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter)(音樂家們爭奪在“展示表演”上表演的機(jī)會：2023年12月12日(密爾沃基青年藝術(shù)中心))”可知,比賽的優(yōu)勝者可以獲得在MilwaukeeYouthArtsCenter表演的機(jī)會。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JUDGESFORTHE2023COMPETITION部分中的“INSTRUMENTAL:PaulHauer,JamesRipley(器樂：PaulHauer,JamesRipley)”可知,JamesRipley是本次比賽器樂組的評委。故選C項(xiàng)。BSixyearsago,somethingunforgettablehappened.Mywife,Liz,andIcelebratedour50thweddinganniversarythatyear.Itwasalovelyeventhostedbyoursonsforus.Manywonderfulfriendsfromthepastsurpriseduswithpresentsandcongratulations.Ourgifttoeachotherwasadrivingtripoutwest.WedrovefromOntariointoAlbertu,thensouthwardintoGlacierNationalParkinMontana,andcontinuedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.Itwasacoldspringday,andtheBeartoothHighwayhadopenedfortheseasonjustdaysbefore.Alongsidetheroad,therewasstillagreatamountofsnowremaining.Thescenerywassoimpressivethatwemadenumerousstopstorecordmemorieswithmycamera.Atroughlythehighestpointofthehighway,Istoppedatalookouttocatchtheamazingviews,withmywifeinthecentreofmycameralens.Therewerenotmanyvehiclesontheroad.Occasionally,carswithenergeticyoungtouristspassedby.Andthenweheardthesoundofamotorcycleinthedistance.Thedriverofthemotorcycle,inrags,parkedbehindourcar.Asheapproachedus,hisonlywordswere,“Givemeyourcameraandgetovertherewithyourwife.”ImustadmitIfeltnervousthatwemightberobbedwherewejustcreatedsomebeautifulmemories.Surprisingly,hejusttookapictureofus,handedbackmycameraandrodeoffbeforewecouldexpressourgratitude.Thephotohetookisoneofthemostcherishedandprizedofourtrip.IlearntmylessonsomewhereIleastexpectedit.Weshouldneverjudgeamanbyhisappearance.Ifthemotorcycledriverreadsthisstoryandremembersthesituation,wewouldliketosay“thankyou”tohim.4.Accordingtothepassage,thetripwas_________.A.agiftfortheirweddinganniversary B.asuggestionfromtheirfriendsC.inlateautumnsixyearsago D.takenbytraintothewest5.Whywastheauthornervouswhenthemotorcyclistofferedtotakeapicture?A.Themotorcyclistwouldbreakthecamera.B.Hecouldlosethecamerawithmemories.C.Themotorcyclistmightnotbegoodattakingpictures.D.Hiswifemightnotbesatisfiedwiththeviewthere.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthedriverofthemotorcycle?A.Kindandstraightforward. B.Cautiousandadmirable.C.Richandskeptical. D.Creativeandtolerant.7.Whichofthefollowingcanconcludethepassage?A.Thereisnobest,onlybetter. B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Putyourselfinothers’shoes. D.Acontentedmindisaneverlastingfeast.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者和他的妻子慶祝他們結(jié)婚50周年旅行中的一件難忘的事，在旅行途中遇到一位騎摩托者，他原本是想幫他們拍照，但是他耿直的態(tài)度和臟亂的外表讓作者誤以為他要搶劫，作者寫這篇文章為了感謝他并且告訴我們不能以貌取人。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Mywife,Liz,andIcelebratedour50thweddinganniversarythatyear.Itwasalovelyeventhostedbyoursonsforus.Manywonderfulfriendsfromthepastsurpriseduswithpresentsandcongratulations.Ourgifttoeachotherwasadrivingtripoutwest.(那年，我和妻子麗茲慶祝了結(jié)婚50周年。這是我們的兒子們?yōu)槲覀兣e辦的一個(gè)可愛的活動(dòng)。許多來自過去的好朋友給了我們驚喜的禮物和祝賀。我們送給彼此的禮物是開車去西部旅行。)”可知，這場旅行是作者和妻子給彼此50周年結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日的禮物。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ImustadmitIfeltnervousthatwemightberobbedwherewejustcreatedsomebeautifulmemories.(我必須承認(rèn)，我很緊張，因?yàn)槲覀儎倓倓?chuàng)造了一些美好的回憶，可能會被搶劫。)”可知，作者擔(dān)心衣衫襤褸的摩托車司機(jī)會把相機(jī)搶走，而相機(jī)里面存著他們美好的回憶；由此可知，作者擔(dān)心被搶走存著他們美好回憶的相機(jī)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Asheapproachedus,hisonlywordswere,“Givemeyourcameraandgetovertherewithyourwife.”ImustadmitIfeltnervousthatwemightberobbedwherewejustcreatedsomebeautifulmemories.Surprisingly,hejusttookapictureofus,handedbackmycameraandrodeoffbeforewecouldexpressourgratitude.(當(dāng)他走近我們時(shí)，他只說了一句話：‘把你的相機(jī)給我，和你妻子一起過去?！冶仨毘姓J(rèn)，我很緊張，因?yàn)槲覀儎倓倓?chuàng)造了一些美好的回憶，我們可能會被搶劫。出人意料的是，他給我們拍了張照片，還沒來得及表達(dá)我們的感激之情，他就把我的相機(jī)還給了我們，然后騎車走了。)”可知，這位騎摩托車的人和作者素不相識，可他卻直接走過來讓作者把相機(jī)給他，讓作者誤以為被搶劫，可結(jié)果證明他是好心，只是想要幫作者和妻子拍照，所以可以推斷，這位騎摩托車的人是耿直且善良的。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容和最后一段“IlearnedmylessonsomewhereIleastexpectedit.Weshouldneverjudgeamanbyhisappearance.(我在最意想不到的地方吸取了教訓(xùn)。我們決不能以貌取人。)”可知，作者因?yàn)轵T摩托者臟亂的外表和直接的態(tài)度懷疑他是搶劫者，可事實(shí)證明他只是好心想要幫助他們拍照，作者通過這件事告訴我們不能以貌取人。B選項(xiàng)“Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover(不要以貌取人)”符合文章主題。故選B項(xiàng)。CAscitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“l(fā)isteningtowaves.”Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.8Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?A.Pocketparksarenowpopular. B.Wildnatureishardtofindincities.C.Manycitiesareoverpopulated. D.Peopleenjoylivingclosetonature.9.Whydidtheresearcherscodeparticipantsubmissionsintocategories?A.Tocomparedifferenttypesofpark-goers. B.Toexplainwhytheparkattractstourists.C.Toanalyzethemainfeaturesofthepark. D.Tofindpatternsinthevisitors’summaries.10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph5?A.Walkingisthebestwaytogainaccesstonature.B.Youngpeoplearetoobusytointeractwithnature.C.Thesamenatureexperiencetakesdifferentforms.D.Thenaturelanguageenhancesworkperformance.11.WhatshouldbedonebeforewecaninteractwithnatureaccordingtoKahn?A.Languagestudy. B.Environmentalconservation.C.Publiceducation. D.Interculturalcommunication.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。城市化讓人們越來越難以接觸到自然，但一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)城市中的野生自然對人類健康和幸福感具有重要影響。研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對一座大型城市公園的游客進(jìn)行調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)與野生自然的互動(dòng)可以創(chuàng)造出一種可用的語言，幫助人們認(rèn)識和參與最令人滿意和有意義的活動(dòng)。該研究呼吁保護(hù)城市中的野生自然。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.(隨著城市的飛速發(fā)展，生活在城市地區(qū)的人們越來越難以接近大自然。如果你幸運(yùn)的話，你住的地方附近可能會有一個(gè)袖珍公園，但在城市里找到相對天然的地方是罕見的)”可知，文章開頭作者講述了一種現(xiàn)象，在城市里，人們很難找到野生的自然。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.(他們調(diào)查了數(shù)百名公園游客，要求他們在網(wǎng)上提交一份書面總結(jié)，描述他們在公園里與大自然有意義的互動(dòng)。然后，研究人員檢查了這些提交的信息，將體驗(yàn)分為不同的類別)”可知，研究人員按照公園游客提交的在公園里與大自然互動(dòng)的活動(dòng)把游客分類，再根據(jù)第四段“Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.(在這320份提交的作品中，一種被研究人員稱為“自然語言”的分類模式開始出現(xiàn)。在對所有提交的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行編碼后，有六個(gè)類別被認(rèn)為對游客最重要)”可知，研究人員對參與者提交的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了分類，以便在游客的總結(jié)中找到模式，并確定對游客最重要的自然體驗(yàn)。通過這樣做，他們能夠創(chuàng)造一種“自然語言”，幫助人們認(rèn)識并參與對他們來說最滿意和最有意義的活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)D準(zhǔn)確地反映了這一目的。故選D。10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容“Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.(命名每一種自然體驗(yàn)創(chuàng)造了一種可用的語言，這有助于人們認(rèn)識并參與到對他們來說最滿意和最有意義的活動(dòng)中。例如，沿著水邊散步的經(jīng)歷可能會讓一個(gè)年輕的專業(yè)人士在周末去公園徒步旅行時(shí)感到滿意。在工作日回到市中心，他們可以在午休時(shí)沿著噴泉散步，享受一種更居家的互動(dòng)方式)”可知，本段講述了自然體驗(yàn)創(chuàng)造一種可用的語言，有助于人們識別并參與對自己來說最滿意最有意義的活動(dòng)，接下來以一個(gè)年輕的專業(yè)人士參與自然的方式舉例說明，去公園時(shí)沿著水邊散步讓他感到滿意，回到市中心工作時(shí)他可以通過沿著噴泉散步獲得滿足。因此推知，從第五段的例子中我們可以知道一樣的自然體驗(yàn)可以呈現(xiàn)不同的形式。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.(“我們正試圖創(chuàng)造一種語言，幫助將人類與自然的互動(dòng)帶回我們的日常生活中。要做到這一點(diǎn)，我們還需要保護(hù)自然，這樣我們才能與它互動(dòng)，”該研究的資深作者彼得·卡恩說。)”可推斷，彼得·卡恩認(rèn)為在我們與大自然互動(dòng)之前我們應(yīng)該先要保護(hù)自然。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】D“Childrenwhospendmoretimeoutdoorsmayhavealowerriskofbecomingnearsighted,”newresearchsuggests.Inthestudy,researcherslookedatabout1,900schoolchildren.Thescientistsfoundthatthekidswhohadbeeninstructedtospendmoretimeoutdoorsoverthreeyearswere23percentlesslikelytodevelopnearsightednessduringthistimethanthosewhohadnotbeeninstructedtospendmoretimeoutdoors.Moreover,amongthekidswhodidbecomenearsightedduringthestudy,thedegreetowhichtheireyesightworsenedwasslightlysmalleramongthosewhospentmoretimeoutdoors.Theresearchersselectedsixschoolsandrequiredthechildren,whoseaverageagewas7atthestartofthestudy,toattendoneadditional60-minuteclassofoutdooractivitiesduringeachschooldayforthreeyears.Theparentsofthesechildrenwerealsoencouragedtoengagetheirchildreninoutdooractivitiesafterschool,especiallyduringweekendsandholidays.Theotherhalfofthechildren,fromanothersixschools,continuedtheirusualactivitypatterns.Afterthreeyears,30.4percentofthekidsintheintervention(干預(yù))grouphadbecomenearsighted,comparedwith38.5percentofthekidsintheothergroup.“Itisnotclearexactlywhyspendingmoretimeoutsidewouldbenefitchildren’seyesight,”theresearcherssaid.However,someresearchhassuggestedthatthehigherlevelsoflightintensity(強(qiáng)度)foundoutdoorsmayincreasethereleaseofthechemicaldopamine(多巴胺)oftheeye.Inturn,dopamineisknowntorestrain(抑制)thetypeofgrowthintheeyethatisassociatedwithnearsightedness.Basedonthenewresults,theresearchersrecommendthatchildrenspendmoretimeoutdoorsbecauseofthepotentialbenefitstotheireyesight.However,it’simportanttoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUV(紫外線的)light,whichcanbedamaging.12.Whatdidthechildrenintheinterventiongroupdoduringeachschoolday?A.Attendanextraclassofoutdooractivities.B.Continuetodotheirusualactivities.C.Spendonehourindoingeyeexercises.D.Participateinoutdooractivitieswithparents.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthechemicaldopamine?A.Itcancontributetopoorsight. B.Itcandamagepeople’sbrain.C.Itisbeneficialtoeyesight. D.Itmeanslowlevelsoflightintensity.14.Whatmaybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Howtodesignoutdooractivitiesforkids.B.Howtopreventkidsbecomingnearsighted.C.Howtoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUVlight.D.Howtoencourageadultstojoininoutdooractivities.15.Whichcanserveasthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMoreTimeOutdoors,theBetterB.KidsMaySeeBetterifTheyPlayOutsideC.AllKidsShouldJoininOutdoorActivitiesD.ResearchersFoundaCureforNearsightedness【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的調(diào)查研究，實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，經(jīng)常在戶外活動(dòng)的兒童患近視的概率更低?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theresearchersselectedsixschoolsandrequiredthechildren,whoseaverageagewas7atthestartofthestudy,toattendoneadditional60-minuteclassofoutdooractivitiesduringeachschooldayforthreeyears.(研究人員選擇了六所學(xué)校，并要求這些在研究開始時(shí)平均年齡為7歲的孩子，在三年的時(shí)間里，每天上學(xué)時(shí)間額外參加一堂60分鐘的戶外活動(dòng)課。)”可知，干預(yù)組的學(xué)生被要求三年內(nèi)保持每個(gè)上學(xué)日參加額外的課外活動(dòng)。故選A。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Inturn,dopamineisknowntorestrain(抑制)thetypeofgrowthintheeyethatisassociatedwithnearsightedness.(反過來，多巴胺被認(rèn)為可以抑制與近視相關(guān)的眼睛生長類型。)”可知，多巴胺有利于抑制與近視相關(guān)的眼部生長，即多巴胺有利于保護(hù)視力。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,it’simportanttoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUVlight,whichcanbedamaging.(然而，保護(hù)孩子的皮膚和眼睛不受紫外線的傷害是很重要的，因?yàn)樽贤饩€是有害的。)”可知，此句引出紫外線對皮膚和視力有害，由此可推斷，下一段有可能介紹如何保護(hù)孩子們免受紫外線的影響。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Childrenwhospendmoretimeoutdoorsmayhavealowerriskofbecomingnearsighted,”newresearchsuggests.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明：“多在戶外活動(dòng)的孩子患近視的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更低。”)”可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的調(diào)查研究，實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，經(jīng)常在戶外活動(dòng)的兒童患近視的概率更低。B項(xiàng)：KidsMaySeeBetterifTheyPlayOutside(孩子在外面玩可能會看得更清楚)是最好的標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhatTeenagersCanDotoEarnMoreRespectAsteenagerscontinuetogrowanddevelopintoyoungadults,thetransition(過渡)toadulthoodhasbegun.Withsomanyphysicalandemotionalchangesgoingon,certainmannersareoftenforgottenandotheradulttraits(品質(zhì))arenotyetacceptedasawayoflife.___16___Bydoingthefollowingthings,youwillearnmorerespect.___17___Attheveryleast,cleanupafteryourself.Asateenager,youareoldenoughtocleanupafteryourself.Whenyoumakeamess,cleanitup.___18___Yourdoingthechoreshelpstoreducetheperson’sloadwhodidthechoresbefore.Nowthatyou’reoldenoughandcapable,whyshouldn’tyoudothehousehold?Thepeopledoingthechoresbeforewillgreatlyappreciatethehelp.Beresponsible.___19___Whethertheyarebasicthings,likebrushingyourteethordoingyourhomework,orbeingmoreinvolvedinchoresthatcontributetothehousehold,simplyfulfilyourresponsibilitiesintime.Whenadultsknowthattheycanrelyonyou,theirtrustandrespectforyouwillincrease.Solvemoreofyourownproblemswithoutaskingforhelp.Insteadoftakingtheeasyapproachandaskingforhelp,makeanefforttosolveyourproblemsonyourownfirst.The“easyway”isonlyeasyforyou,butitisanextrataskforthepersonfromwhomyouareseekinghelp.___20___Dependingontheproblem,15minutesofeffortisusuallyagoodguideline.Whenyoubecomeagoodproblemsolver,youwillincreaseyourvaluetothecommunity.A.Contributetothehousehold.BItwillmakeyourlifemorepleasant.C.Everyonehascertainresponsibilities.D.Whenspeakingtoagroup,speakloudenough.E.Seekhelponlyafteryouhavemadeanhonesteffort.F.Thisincludes,butisnotlimitedto,yourdishesandyourroom.G.Bybeingawareofthesemannersandtraits,youcanmanagethemsooner.【答案】16.G17.A18.F19.C20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章給青少年提供一些建議，以贏得更多的尊重。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Withsomanyphysicalandemotionalchangesgoingon,certainmannersareoftenforgottenandotheradulttraits(品質(zhì))arenotyetacceptedasawayoflife.(隨著如此多的身體和情感變化，某些禮儀往往被遺忘，其他成年人的特征還沒有被接受為一種生活方式)”可知，某些成人的禮儀及品質(zhì)還未融入青少年的生活，所以只有意識到這些禮儀和品質(zhì)，才能更好地掌握它們，與G項(xiàng)“Bybeingawareofthesemannersandtraits,youcanmanagethemsooner(通過意識到這些禮貌和特點(diǎn)，你可以更快地管理它們)”表達(dá)的含義一致，選項(xiàng)中“mannersandtraits”呼應(yīng)上文“certainmanners”和“otheradulttraits”，故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Asateenager,youareoldenoughtocleanupafteryourself.Whenyoumakeamess,cleanitup(作為一個(gè)十幾歲的孩子，你已經(jīng)足夠大了，可以自己打掃衛(wèi)生了。當(dāng)你弄得一團(tuán)糟時(shí)，就把它清理干凈)”和“Yourdoingthechoreshelpstoreducetheperson’sloadwhodidthechoresbefore.(你做家務(wù)有助于減輕以前做家務(wù)的人的負(fù)擔(dān))”可知本段主要講的是要多做家務(wù)，與A項(xiàng)“Contributetothehousehold(為家庭做出貢獻(xiàn))”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenyoumakeamess,cleanitup(當(dāng)你弄得一團(tuán)糟時(shí)，就把它清理干凈)”可知，此處說的是當(dāng)你弄得一團(tuán)糟的時(shí)候，就要清理一下，可推理出下文說的是要清理的地方，與F項(xiàng)“Thisincludes,butisnotlimitedto,yourdishesandyourroom(這包括但不限于您的餐具和房間)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Beresponsible(負(fù)責(zé)任)”以及下文“Whethertheyarebasicthings,likebrushingyourteethordoingyourhomework,orbeingmoreinvolvedinchoresthatcontributetothehousehold,simplyfulfilyourresponsibilitiesintime(無論是基本的事情，比如刷牙或做家庭作業(yè)，還是更多地參與有助于家庭的家務(wù)，只要及時(shí)履行你的責(zé)任)”可知，本段主要講的是要負(fù)責(zé)任，與C項(xiàng)“Everyonehascertainresponsibilities(每個(gè)人都有一定的責(zé)任)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選C項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Insteadoftakingtheeasyapproachandaskingforhelp,makeanefforttosolveyourproblemsonyourownfirst.(與其采取簡單的方法尋求幫助，不如先努力自己解決問題)”可知此處上下文說的是要先努力自己解決問題，后尋求幫助，與E項(xiàng)“Seekhelponlyafteryouhavemadeanhonesteffort(只有在你做出誠實(shí)的努力后才能尋求幫助)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Myfatherwasraisedinafatherlesshomeatatimewhenthefamilyoffivestruggledtosurvive,whichcausedmyfathertobeextremelytightfisted(吝嗇)withmoney.Whenwechildrenbecame___21___thatotherchildrengotpocketmoneyfromtheirparents,wemadea(an)___22___toaskourfatherforsome.Immediatelyhisfaceturnedstonecold,andhesaid,“Ifyou’reoldenoughtoask,you’reoldenoughtoearn.”Andwehadtoseekoddjobsabouttheneighbourhood.Hedidn’t___23___hisattitudeaswegrewintoadulthood.Therewasatimewhen___24___ofushadacar,sowehadtorideabuswheneverwecamehome.Thoughthebusstoppedabouttwomilesfromhome,Dadnevermetus,___25___inbadweather.Ifsomeone___26___(andmybrothersdidalot),he’dsayinhis___27___father-voice.“That’swhatyourlegsarefor!”O(jiān)nespringmorningIwasonthebushomefrom___28___.Testsandlonghoursinlabshad___29___meexhausted.Asotherstudentsweremetattheirstops,Ilookedsilentlyoutofthewindow.Finally,thebuscametoastopatmydestination,andI____30____.carryingmysuitcasetobeginthelongjourneyhome.Therowofprivethedge(樹籬)cameinto____31____whichlinedthedrivewaythatclimbedthehilltoourhouse.Istoppedtoputabookinthesuitcase.WhenIstoodup,Isawsomethinggray____32____alongthetopofthehedgetowardthehouse.Itwasthetopofmyfather’shead.I____33____then,eachtimeIcamehome,hewouldstandbehindthehedge,watching.____34____heknewIhadarrivedsafely.Iheldbackmytears.Hedidcare.____35____.Uponreachinghome,Ifoundmyfatherinnocentlyinhischair.”So!It’syou!”hesaid,hisfacelengtheningintosurprise.21.A.aware B.certain C.surprised D.excited22.A.trouble B.suggestion C.attempt D.plan23.A.strengthen B.soften C.take D.show24.A.neither B.each C.all D.none25.A.especially B.only C.even D.once26.A.refused B.complained C.cried D.intended27.A.strangest B.lowest C.scariest D.softest28.A.work B.home C.town D.college29.A.led B.made C.found D.proved30.A.steppedoff B.wentoff C.jumpedon D.climbedon31.A.mind B.view C.flower D.leaf32.A.shining B.flying C.failing D.moving33.A.supposed B.thought C.imagined D.realized34.A.since B.after C.until D.though35.A.afterall B.aboveall C.inadvance D.intotal【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的父親一直對子女很嚴(yán)厲。向他要零花錢，他不給，讓自己掙。長大后，作者回家，他從不出來接。有一次，作者回家時(shí)，不經(jīng)意地發(fā)現(xiàn)了父親的秘密。這時(shí)，作者才明白，其實(shí)父親很關(guān)心自己，只是他有他自己關(guān)心的方式?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們孩子們知道其他孩子從父母那里得到零錢時(shí)，我們試圖向父親要一些錢。A.aware知道的；B.certain必然的；C.surprised吃驚的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)下文otherchildrengotpocketmoneyfromtheirparents,wemadea(n)___2___toaskourfatherforsome.可知，我們知道其他孩子有父母給的零花錢。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.trouble麻煩；B.suggestion建議；C.attempt試圖；D.plan計(jì)劃。根據(jù)下文“askourfatherforsome”可知，我們嘗試向父親要一些錢。makeanattempttodo意為“想做……，企圖做……”，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們長大成人后，他的態(tài)度也沒有軟化。A.strengthen加強(qiáng)；B.soften變軟；C.take拿；D.show展示。根據(jù)下文“wehadtorideabuswheneverwecamehome”可知，我們長大成人以后，父親的態(tài)度還是強(qiáng)硬的，沒有“變軟”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：有一段時(shí)間我們沒有任有車，因此無論我們什么時(shí)候回家，我們必須乘坐公共汽車。A.neither兩者都不；B.each每個(gè)；C.all所有，都；D.none沒有。根據(jù)下文“sowehadtorideabus”可知，此處是指作者家當(dāng)時(shí)都沒車，所以選A、D項(xiàng)；再由6空后的“andmybrothersdidalot”可知，我們是三者以上，因此用none，不用neither。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然公共汽車在離家大約兩英里的地方停下來，但是甚至天氣不好，父親也從不來接我們。A.especially尤其；B.only只，只是；B.even甚至；D.once曾經(jīng)。根據(jù)上文“Dadnevermetus”可知，父親對作者和哥哥們非常嚴(yán)厲，因此推斷甚至不好的天氣，父親也不來接作者和哥哥們。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果有人抱怨（我哥哥們總是這么做），他總是用他讓人害怕的父親的聲音說。A.refused拒絕；B.complained抱怨；C.cried哭；D.intended打算。根據(jù)上文“Dadnevermetus”可知，父親從不接我們，作者和哥哥們難免抱怨。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.strangest最奇怪；B.lowest最低的；C.scariest引起恐懼的，怕人的；D.softest最柔弱的，最輕柔的。由文章可知，作者的父親很嚴(yán)厲，所以他的聲音應(yīng)該是讓人害怕的。故選C。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)春天的上午，我坐公共汽車從大學(xué)回家。A.work工作；B.home家；C.town城鎮(zhèn)；D.college大學(xué)。由該空后的“Testsandlonghoursinlabs”可知，作者上了大學(xué)，一直待在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里。應(yīng)該選college大學(xué)。故填D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：測試和數(shù)小時(shí)待在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里讓我筋疲力盡。A.led帶領(lǐng)；B.made制作；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.proved證明。makemeexhausted讓我精疲力竭。其他選項(xiàng)構(gòu)不成該搭配。根據(jù)前文“Testsandlonghoursinlabs”也可推出，考試和數(shù)小時(shí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)會讓人疲憊不堪。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：我下了車，提著我的手提箱開始回家的長途旅行。A.steppedoff下車；B.wentoff離開；C.jumpedon跳上D.climbedon爬上。根據(jù)前文“thebuscametoastopatmydestination”可知，車到了目的地，作者要下車。故選A。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一排女貞樹籬映入眼簾，這排樹籬排列在爬上山就能到我家的車道兩邊。A.mind思想；B.view觀點(diǎn)；C.flower花；D.leaf樹葉。comeintoview被看見；comeintomind記起，想起。根據(jù)前文“Therowofprivethedge”可知作者走在路上看到了路兩邊的樹籬。故選B。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我站起來時(shí)，我看到一個(gè)黑影沿著樹籬回了家。A.shinin