建筑構(gòu)造考點解析（Building structure test site analysis）

建筑構(gòu)造考點解析(Buildingstructuretestsiteanalysis)

Thestepwidthofindoorandoutdoorstepsshouldnotbeless

than0.3meters

Analysisoftwogradeconstructionengineertestsitein2012:

buildingconstructionrequirements(2)

2A311022familiarwithbuildingphysicalenvironmenttechnical

requirements

Indoorlightenvironment

(1)naturallighting

Theeffectivedaylightingareaofthehorizontalskylightcan

becalculatedby2.5timesofthelightingarea;theareaof

thetransparentpartoftheroofislessthan20%ofthetotal

areaoftheroof.

(two)artificiallighting

Maincategoriesof1.lightsources

Thermalradiationsourcesincludeincandescentlampsand

halogentungstenlamps.Placeswhereresidentialbuildingsand

switchesarefrequentandflickerfreeisallowed.

Therearefluorescentlamp,fluorescenthighpressuremercury

lamp,metalhalidelamp,sodiumlamp,xenonlampandsoon.The

shortcomingisstroboscopicphenomenon.

Selectionof2.lightsources

Thethermalradiationsourceshouldbeusedintheplaceswith

frequentswitching,requiringinstantaneousstartand

continuousdimming.

Mixedlightsourcesshouldbeusedinplaceswithhighspeed

movingobjects.

Two.Indooracousticenvironment

(1)audiorangeandsoundpressurelevel

1.audiorange

Hearthesoundfrequency:20~20000Hz,knownastheaudio

frequencyrangebelow300Hz;voicefrequency;500~1000Hz

voicefortheintermediatefrequency,thesoundover2000Hz

highfrequency;thehumanearonthe2000~4000Hzfrequency

isthemostsensitive.

(two)kindsofsoundabsorptionofbuildingmaterials

1.porousmaterials:cottonblankets,glasswool,rockwool,

mineralwool,mainlyinhighfrequencysoundabsorption.

2.filmsoundabsorptionstructure:leather,artificial

leather,plasticfilmandothermaterials,withair

permeability,soft,tensileandelasticcharacteristics,

absorbitsresonancefrequencyof200?1000Hznearthe

intermediatefrequencysoundenergy.

3.platesoundabsorptionstructure:allkindsofplatefixed

ontheframe,togetherwiththeclosedairlayerbehindthe

board,constitutethevibrationsystem,absorbitsresonance

frequencyof80~300Hznearthelow-frequencysoundenergy.

(three)noise

1.indoorpermissiblenoiselevel

Thebedroom,theschoolday,wardislessthanorequalto40dB

(A),30dB(A)atnight.

Duringconstruction,thenoiseshallnotexceedthelimit

value:

Bulldozer,excavator,loader,daytime,night75dB(A)55dB(A);

Allkindsofpilingmachine,day85dB(A),prohibitthe

constructionatnight;

Concretemixer,vibrator,chainsaw,daytime,night70dB(A)

55dB(A);

Decoration,cranes,elevators,day65dB(A),55dB(A)atnight.

2.noisecontrol

Thefrequencyofsoundisdoubled,orthemassperunitarea

ofthewallisdoubled,andthesoundinsulationisincreased

by6dB.

Three.Indoorthermalenvironment

(a)indexofheatlossofbuilding

Shapefactor:whentheplaneformisround,theshape

coefficientisthesmallest,followedbysquare,rectangleand

othercombinations.Theshapecoefficientislarge,thegreater

theheatconsumptionratio:

11yearsZhenti2buildingsthesameheightofequalarea,when

theplaneformofconsumptionminimumratiois().P20

A.square

B.rectangle

C.round

TypeD.L

10yearsZhenti5onshapecoefficientandlossratioofthe

building,therightis().

A.shapecoefficientislarge,thegreatertheheatconsumption

ratio

B.shapecoefficientis,thesmallertheratioofconsumption

C.shapecoefficientissmall,thegreatertheheatconsumption

ratio

IndependentD.consumptionratioandshapecoefficient

(two)thesettingofthermalinsulationlayerofbuilding

envelope

Thearearatioofwindowtowal1andthearearatioofwindow

towallineachdirectionofpublicbuildingarenotgreater

than0.70.

Heatinsulationmethod:theoutersurfaceadoptslightcolor

treatment,addwallshadingandgreening;setventilationlayer,

withaluminumfoi1insulationlayer.

Typicaltestquestions:

1.switchfrequently,requiringinstantaneousstartand

continuousdimmingandotherplaces,shouldadopt().

A.gasdischargelightsource

B.thermalradiationlightsource

C.hybridlightsource

D.shortwaveradiationlightsource

2.indoorandoutdoorenvironmentspermitnoiseleveltobe

expressedby()soundlevel.

A.DB

B.Pascal

C.Newton

D.

hertz

3.theequivalentsoundlevelduringtheconstructionphaseof

thedecorationprojectcannotexceed()dB(A)atnight.

A.65

B.75

C.85

D.55

4.theheightofthebuildingisthesame,theplaneformis

(),theminimumcoefficientofshape.

A.square

B.rectangle

C.round

D.diamond

5.thegroundmaterialhasthegreatestinfluenceonthecomfort

andhealthofthehumanbody.

A.thermalconductivity

B.dewpoint

C.shapecoefficient

SevereD.

E.specificheatcoefficient

6.thefollowing