《英語文化知識》課件

PPTcoursewareforEnglishculturalknowledge目錄BasicknowledgeofEnglishlanguageCulturalbackgroundofEnglishspeakingcountriesEnglishdailycommunicationlanguageEnglishreadingcomprehensionskillsEnglishwritingskillsEnglishlisteningskills01BasicknowledgeofEnglishlanguagePhoneticsymbolsTheInternationalPhoneticAlphabet(IPA)isusedtorepresentthesoundsofEnglish,includingvowels,consonants,anddiphthongs.SoundclassificationEnglishphoneticsdividessoundsintodifferentcategories,suchasvoicedandvoiceless,aspiratedandunaspirated,nasalandoral,etc.SoundcombinationEnglishhasvarioussoundcombinations,suchasconsonantclustersanddiphthongs,whichrequirespecialattentioninpronunciation.EnglishphoneticsEnglishgrammarEnglishhasactivevoice,passivevoice,indicativemood,subjunctivemood,imperativemood,etc.,toexpressdifferentmeanings.VoiceandmoodEnglishsentencesareusuallysubject-verb-objectstructure,buttherearealsoothersentencepatterns,suchasparticipialphrasesandrelativeclauses.SentencestructureEnglishhasdifferenttensesandaspectstoexpresstimeandactionstate,suchaspresentsimple,presentcontinuous,pastsimple,pastcontinuous,etc.Tenseandaspect010203WordformationEnglishhasvariouswaysofwordformation,suchasprefixation,suffixation,conversion,blending,etc.,whichcanhelppeopleunderstandthemeaningofwordsmoreeasily.IdiomsandsetphrasesEnglishhasalotofidiomaticexpressionsandsetphrasesthatcannotbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaningofeachword.Peopleneedtolearnthemasawholetounderstandtheirmeanings.PropernounsEnglishhasalotofpropernouns,includingplacenames,personnames,organizationnames,etc.,whichneedtobememorizedseparately.Englishvocabulary02CulturalbackgroundofEnglishspeakingcountries英國文化以傳統(tǒng)和保守為主要特點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)禮儀、貴族精神和等級制度。總結(jié)詞英國文化歷史悠久，深受古典文學(xué)、藝術(shù)和哲學(xué)的影響。英國人尊重傳統(tǒng)，重視禮儀和貴族精神，等級制度分明。英國文化還強(qiáng)調(diào)個人獨(dú)立和自我控制，尊重他人的權(quán)利和自由。詳細(xì)描述Britishculture總結(jié)詞美國文化以自由、開放和創(chuàng)新為主要特點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個人主義、獨(dú)立和自我實(shí)現(xiàn)。詳細(xì)描述美國文化深受歐洲移民的影響，特別是英國和荷蘭等國家。美國人重視個人主義、獨(dú)立和自我實(shí)現(xiàn)，鼓勵人們追求自己的夢想和目標(biāo)。美國文化還強(qiáng)調(diào)開放和創(chuàng)新，鼓勵人們嘗試新事物和創(chuàng)新。Americanculture總結(jié)詞加拿大文化融合了英國和美國文化的特點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭、友情和社區(qū)的重要性。詳細(xì)描述加拿大文化深受英國和美國文化的影響，同時也有自己的獨(dú)特特點(diǎn)。加拿大人重視家庭、友情和社區(qū)的重要性，強(qiáng)調(diào)和諧、平等和包容。加拿大文化還鼓勵人們積極參與社區(qū)活動，尊重多元化和文化差異。Canadianculture澳大利亞文化以戶外活動、友善和多元文化為主要特點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體性和自由精神。總結(jié)詞澳大利亞文化深受英國和歐洲文化的影響，同時也吸收了亞洲和土著文化的元素。澳大利亞人熱愛戶外活動，如沖浪、徒步和野營等，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體性和自由精神。澳大利亞文化還鼓勵人們友善相處，尊重多元文化和文化差異。詳細(xì)描述Australianculture03EnglishdailycommunicationlanguageGreetings"Goodmorning","Hello","Hi"Farewells"Goodbye","Seeyoulater","Takecare"GreetingsandFarewells"MynameisJohn","I'mastudent"Introduction"What'syourname?","Whereareyoufrom?"InquiryIntroductionandInquiry"Thankyou","Iappreciateit""I'msorry","Excuseme"ThankyouandapologizeApologizeThankyouRequestandsuggestionRequest"Canyouhelpme?","MayIuseyourphone?"Suggestion"Howaboutgoingtothemovies?","Whynottrysomethingnew?"04EnglishreadingcomprehensionskillsSkimmingThisskillinvolvesquicklyscanningapassagetogetthemainideawithoutreadingeveryword.Itisusefulforquicklyunderstandingthecontentofatext.ScanningScanningistheabilitytoquicklylocatespecificinformationinatext,suchasdates,names,orimportantdetails.Itisessentialforfindingspecificinformationinahurry.RecognizingTextStructureUnderstandingthestructureofatext,suchastheorganizationofparagraphsandtheflowofideas,helpsreadersquicklynavigatethetextandidentifykeyinformation.Quickreadingskills要點(diǎn)三UnderstandingTextContentThisskillinvolvesreadingcarefullyandcomprehendingthefullmeaningofthetext.Itrequiresconcentrationandattentiontodetailtograsptheinformationaccurately.要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二DrawingInferencesTheabilitytoinfermeaningbeyondtheexplicittext,suchasunderstandingimplicitideasorimplications,iscrucialfordeepunderstanding.EvaluatingEvidenceReadersneedtoevaluatethecredibilityandrelevanceofinformationinatext,distinguishingfactfromopinionandassessingthestrengthofevidencepresented.要點(diǎn)三IntensivereadingskillsAnsweringquestionsabouttheoverallthemeorcentralideaofapassagerequiresunderstandingthesignificanceoftheinformationpresented.MainIdeaQuestionsThesequestionsaskaboutspecificinformationmentionedinthetext,requiringcarefulreadingandattentiontodetail.DetailQuestionsAnsweringquestionsthatrequiremakinginferencesordrawingconclusionsbasedonthetextrequiresunderstandingimplicitmeaningsandimplications.InferenceQuestionsEvaluatingthecredibility,relevance,orsignificanceofinformationinatextrequirescriticalthinkingandanabilitytoassessevidencepresented.EvaluationQuestionsAnalysisofReadingcomprehensionquestiontypes05EnglishwritingskillsGrammar01Understandingandusingtherulesofgrammarcorrectlytocreatesentenceswithproperstructureandmeaning.Vocabulary02Buildingarichanddiversevocabularytoexpressideasclearlyandprecisely,includingsynonyms,antonyms,andrelatedterms.Sentencestructure03Constructingcoherentandwell-organizedsentencesthrougheffectiveuseofconjunctions,transitionwords,andsentencevariety.BasicelementsofwritingRun-onsentences:Arun-onsentenceisasentencethatcontainstwoormoreindependentclausesthatarenotseparatedbyappropriatepunctuationorconjunctions.Tosolvethisproblem,usepunctuationmarkslikesemicolons,colons,ordashestoseparateclauses.Danglingmodifiers:Adanglingmodifierisaphrasethatisnotclearlyconnectedtotherestofthesentence,makingthesentence'smeaningunclear.Tosolvethisproblem,rephrasethemodifyingphraseorrearrangethesentencestructuretomaketheconnectionclear.Redundancy:Redundancyoccurswhenasentencerepeatsinformationthathasalreadybeenstated,makingthesentencewordyandunnecessary.Tosolvethisproblem,eliminateanyunnecessaryorrepetitiveinformationanduseconciselanguage.CommonproblemsandsolutionsinwritingSampleessaysAnalyzingsampleessayscanprovideinsightsintoeffectivewritingtechniquesandstructures.Comparedifferentessaystoidentifytheirstrengthsandweaknesses,andconsiderhowyoucanapplywhatyoulearntoyourownwriting.要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二LiteraryworksReadingliteraryworkscanhelpimproveyourwritingbyexposingyoutodifferentstyles,techniques,andwaysofexpressingideas.Analyzehowauthorsuselanguage,imagery,andnarrativedevicestocreatepowerfulandeffectivewriting.AnalysisofWritingModels06EnglishlisteningskillsTheabilitytounderstandandanalyzethecontentofthespeech.ComprehensionTheabilitytofocusonthespeechandfilteroutirrelevantinformation.AttentionTheabilitytorememberkeyinformationandideasfromthespeech.MemoryTheabilitytopredictthecontentandstructureofthespeechbasedonthegivencontext.PredictionBasicelementsoflisteningProblemDifficultyunderstandingaccentsanddialects.SolutionPracticinglisteningtorapidspeechorlongspeechesbyusingmaterialsdesigne